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Lab Report 3 (EEE-206) Suharto

This lab report focuses on the determination of equivalent circuit parameters of a three-phase induction motor through various tests, including no-load, blocked rotor, and stator resistance measurements. The experiments aim to evaluate the motor's performance characteristics such as power factor, efficiency, and torque-speed relationship. The findings provide essential insights into the motor's operation, aiding in design, optimization, and troubleshooting in industrial applications.

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13 views

Lab Report 3 (EEE-206) Suharto

This lab report focuses on the determination of equivalent circuit parameters of a three-phase induction motor through various tests, including no-load, blocked rotor, and stator resistance measurements. The experiments aim to evaluate the motor's performance characteristics such as power factor, efficiency, and torque-speed relationship. The findings provide essential insights into the motor's operation, aiding in design, optimization, and troubleshooting in industrial applications.

Uploaded by

sadiaislamnupur49
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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United International University

Spring-2024
Energy Conversion Lab- 2204 (B)

Lab Report: 03

Submitted to
Ms. Helena Bulbul
Lecturer
Department of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering, UIU

Submitted by Group 1

Sl Name Id
1 Md. Sadakat Rahman 021 221 037
2 Md. Julkar Naim Antar 021 221 056
3 Sadia Islam Nupur 021 221 060
4 Md. Milkan Ahmed Shahed 021 221 063

Date of submission:
19, March 2024
Determination of Equivalent circuit parameter of three phaseInduction motor

Introduction :
Induction motor is a rotating electrical machine. Because of its durability,
dependability, and efficiency, the three-phase induction motor is extensively utilised
in many different sectors.Induction motorcan be operated by one phase alternating
voltage source and by three phase alternating voltage source. The induction motor
consists of ‘Stator’and ‘Rotor’, stationary part and rotational part, respectively .
The rotor consists of cylindrical iron that laminated with copper
strips . The stator consists of a three phase windings that are placed onthe slots of
laminated core, these windings apart by 120 degrees .
These windings can be connected be configured in a star connectionor in delta
connection .

In this lab report, we will use experimentation to look into the performance
characteristics of a three-phase induction motor. We mayunderstand its behaviour
better by looking at its power factor, torque-speed relationship, efficiency, and
operation characteristics. The results acquired will allow us to better understand the
motor's operation and validate measurements in both industrial and commercial
applications.

Experimental Setup :

Objective :

1. Examine and evaluate an induction motor's three phases'performance


parameters.
2. Recognize how the behavior and performance of the motor areaffected by
various loading circumstances.
Apparatus :
1. Three-Phase induction motor.
2. Variable AC source .
3. AC wattmeter .
4. Ammeter .
5. Multimeter .
6. Connectors .

PART-A: No Load Test

Introduction :

The no-load test is similar to the open circuit test on a transformer. It isperformed to
obtain the magnetizing branch parameters (shunt parameters) in the induction
machine equivalent circuit. In this test, the motor is allowed to run with no-load at
the rated voltage of rated frequency across its terminals. Machine will rotate at almost
synchronous speed, which makes slip nearly equal to zero. This causesthe equivalent
rotor impedance to be very large (theoretically infinite neglecting the frictional and
rotational losses).

Circuit Diagram :
Figure : Experimental Setup

Circuit : No Load test Equivalent Circuit

Table : Data collections from Hardware Implementation :

Sl No V(nl) I(nl) P(nl)


1 240 V 1.97 A 90 W
2 230 V 1.8 A 85 W

Calculation :
1. No load phase loss = Wpnl
2. Neglecting the friction loss Core loss,Wcore = Wpnl = 85W
3. No load power factor cos0 = Wcore/(Vnl Inl)
= 85 / (230*1.8)
= 0.205
2
4. sin =0 1- cos  0

= 0.957
5. Rc = Vnl / ( Inl cos0 )
= 230 /(1.4*0.205)
=801.394 ohm
6. Xm = Vnl / ( Inl sin0 )
=230 / (1.4*0.957)
=171.6 ohm

Conclusion :

In conclusion, the no load test offers important information about how induction
motors behave when they are loaded, including information about their voltage
regulation, speed, and power consumption. It can assist in identifying any
abnormalities before they lead to more serious ones and is a non-invasive, cost-
effective means of testing motor efficiency.

PART B : Blocked Rotor Test

Introduction :
To evaluate the capabilities and performance of induction motors, oneimportant
experimental technique is the block rotor test. By blocking the rotor of the motor
during this test, we can measure important variables including magnetising current,
core losses, and stator winding resistance. We can learn important information about
the motor's efficiency, losses, and general performance by examining the block rotor
test data.In the block rotor test, the stator windings of an induction motor are
subjected to rated voltage while the rotor is blocked. Important motor metrics
including magnetising current, corelosses, and stator winding resistance can be found
using this test. We may evaluate the motor's efficiency, losses, and overall
performance by watching and evaluating its behaviour under certain circumstances.
For the purposes of motor design, optimisation, and troubleshooting, the block rotor
test yields useful data.

Circuit Diagram :
Circuit : Block Rotor test Equivalent Circuit

Table: Data collections from Hardware Implementation :

SL No. Isc (A) Vsc (V) Psc (W)


1 1.67 53 55
2 1.5 49 48
Calculation :
1. Short circuit loss per phase = Wpsc =48 W
2. Zsc = Vsc / Isc
= 49/1.5 = 32.67 ohm
3. R01 = Wpsc / Isc2
= 48/(1.5)2 = 21.33 ohm
2 2
4. X01 = Zsc – R01
= (32.67)2 -(21.33)2 = 612.36 ohm5. X1
=X2 = X01 /2
612.36 /2 =306.18 ohm
Conclusion :
We can ascertain the equivalent circuit characteristics and efficiency of athree-
phase induction motor by the blocked rotor test. This test yields thefollowing
results: power factor on short circuit, total leakage reactance, starting torque of the
motor, and short-circuit current at normal voltage.
The starting torque of a motor is crucial to know because if it is insufficient to
overcome the early friction of the planned load, the motorwill remain immobile,
draw excessive current, and heat up quickly.

PART - C: Stator Resistance MeasurementIntroduction :

One of the most important factors in determining an induction motor's performance


is its stator resistance. To ensure optimal motor running, thestator resistance must be
measured precisely. This lab report describes analternate technique that uses voltage,
current, and a DC source to test thestator resistance of an induction motor.Finding
the resistance of an induction motor's stator winding is known as stator resistance
measurement. Ohm's law can be used to measure the resistance by measuring the
voltage drop that occurs when a known current is passed through the stator winding.
This test aids in the identification of any defects or anomalies in the stator winding
and offers useful information about the electrical characteristics of the motor.
Precise measurement of stator resistance is essential for protection, motor control,
and evaluationof overall performance.

Circuit Diagram :

Table : Data collections from Hardware Implementation :Y-


Connected Load

Sl No. V(dc) V I(dc) mA R(dc) Ohm R(ac) Ohm


1 8 431 9.3 14.88
2 4.9 262 9.35 14.96
3 10.1 0.6 A 8.41 13.456
Calculations :
1. Rdc = (Vdc / Idc)*0.5
=(10.1/0.6)*0.5 = 8.417 ohm
R
2. 1 = 1.6x Rdc.
= 1.6*8.41 =13.456 ohm
REPORT:
1) Draw the equivalent circuit with the appropriate values.

R1 = 13.456 ohm

X1 = X2 = 306.18 ohm

Xm = 171.6 ohm

2) Why the equivalent circuit of an induction motor isnecessary?

The equivalent circuit of an induction motor is indispensable for understanding the


motor's behavior, predicting its performance undervarious conditions, and optimizing
its design for efficiency and reliability. It provides a simplified model that allows
engineers to analyze complex interactions within the motor, identify areas of losses,
and make informed decisions to improve its efficiency and performance. This circuit
is crucial for design, simulation, fault diagnosis, and maintenance, serving as a
foundation for electrical engineering education and practical application in industries
ranging from manufacturing to transportation.

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