Chapter 2:

VAT
- VAT is a form of sales tax, charged as percentage of the added value of a commodity
as it changes hands from manufacturer to wholesaler, from wholesaler to retailer and
from retailer to customer (paid by consumption tax)
- Why VAT is multi-phased consumption tax (thuế tiêu thụ nhiều giai đoạn):
- Why is VAT a neutral tax? (thuế trung lập: là loại thuế không ảnh hưởng nhiều đến
đưa ra quyết định):
- VAT is an indirect tax?: (Indirect tax: consumer trả thuế để mua đồ -> tiền thuế đó
đưa về công ty-> công ty nộp thuế cho nhà nước) direct tax là người đấy nộp thuế
trực tiếp cho công ty (vd: income personal tax)
- VAT a regressive tax? (thuế lũy thoái) là thuế VAT ảnh hưởng đến thu nhập cá nhân
của mng khác nhau( especially: low income personal)
Taxable goods and services: including imported goods and services, except non-
taxable items (không bị đánh thuế) , hangf hóa đc sản xuất và tiêu thụ tại vn, hàng hóa đc
nhập khẩu và tiêu thụ tại vn
+ non-taxable items: education and health service
+ Hàng chuyển khẩu, hàng xuất cảnh
+ Imported goods but not really used for production distribution and consumption in VN
+ Products and services considered to be used for non-profit aim
+ paid by the government
3. Taxpayers
engaged in producing and/or trading goods rendering services subject to VAT in VN
4. Cases not required to calculate and declare VAT
- not buying, selling transaction
- A business organization
5. Tax base
- base price (giá tính thuế)= base price for import duty + import duty (if any) + excise
duty thuế tiêu thụ đặc biệt (if any) + environmental protection tax (if any)
- VAT payable = Base price x VAT rate
Ex: CIF price(giá nhập cửa khẩu) =100 million
import tax rate =20%
Duty rate=15%
Protection tax= 20 million
VAT tax rate= 10%
The base price for import duty: 100+100 x 20%=120
The Import duty: 120x15%= 18
The base price for VAT is: 120+18=138
The base price for VAT in this case after: 100+20+18+20=158
In this second case: base price =0
- Base prices in some special cases:
+ For goods and services used for internal consumption rather than for
production
+ For services of leasing assets
+ For goods sold on installment or deferred payment
+ For specific document
There are 3 leverage VAT price rate: 0%, 5%, 10%
5% rate item: water,
 10% rate:
The credit method
The credit method used VAT amount: đối với những doanh nghiệp bé nhỏ thì k có
khả năng xuất hóa đơn đỏ bắt buộc nó phải sử dụng direct method
The VAT amount payable= the output - the deductible input
Example 2.1

The total price before VAT price is 8000x100+50x8800+=1240000000

Because the export goods so, the percentage of VAT is 0%
The output VAT amount is 1240000000x10%=
principle 1: VAT of goods and services used for the production trading in goods and
services subject to VAT is deductible.
Example 2.3
Chỉ áp dụng cho những good taxable, non-tax no comput in
The deductible input VAT is:
15x100/(100+50)=10
Taxable -deductible input
non-tax- indeductible
Principle 2:
- Condition 1: the establishment must have registered to pay VAT under credit
method
- Condition 2: The purchase must be supported with legitimate invoice and/or
vouchers
- SỬ dụng 1 phương pháp duy nhất là có invoice
Example 18:
The beginning of the month: 200 units before VAT price of 100,000 (not deductible)
purchase 300 units, before-VAT price of 100,000 per unit ( 300x100,000x10%=3mil)
purchase 200 units with VAT price 100,000 per unit. The VAT invoice does not include the
seller’s TIN( tax identical nation) (not deductible)
purchase 100 units with price written on sale invoice of 11,000,000 (not deductible)
Ex 19:
Invoices legible(total input)=30,000,000
A= 10 mil (taxible)
B = 4 mil(exempt)
Turnover of selling product A 150
B: 50
remaining input
= 30-10-4=16
The deduct input VAT amount: 10+16x150/150+50=22

Example 1,2,5,6,7/page 196

Ex 1:
- Purchase from SA Co. 5,000 units with before VAT price written on value added
invoice 55,000 per unit= 5,000 x55,000= 275,000,000
- Purchase from AS Co. 2,000 units with before VAT price 55,000 per unit = 2,000x
55,000= 110,000,0000 (exclude)
- Sale in the month: 15,000 units of product X with before VAT price 60,000 per unit =
15,000 x 60,000= 900,000,000
 - The creditable input tax = 3,000,000
VAT payable amount= 900,000,000x10% - (275,000,000+3,000,000)x 10%= 59,5 mil
- deductible input VAT
Purchase 5000 units from
Purchase from … 3000 unit remove due to sale invoice
- purchase from… 2000 units due to
Ex 2:
10 % supplies 200,000,000= 200,000,000x10%
less input 10% supplies 7,000,000
VAT payable amount = 20,000,000- 700,000=19,300,000
Ex 5:
output
sale of 20,000 units at before VAT price of 300,000/units in the domestic = 20,000x
300,000= 6,000,000,000 (output vat)
sale of 1,000 units at the total sale price òf 33,000,000 in the domestic, so output is
33,000,000
input
Purchase 1,000 units at before-VAT price of 250,000/unit= 1,000x 250,000=250,000,000
purchase 300 units with before - VAT price of 250,000/unit. The VAT invoice is not written
the seller’s address ( not deductible) because the invoice is not written the seller’s address
Deductible input VAT for other purchased services 1,000,000 ( deductible)
The VAT amount payable [(6,000,000,000+33,000,000)-(250,000,000+1,000,000)] x10%=
578.2
Ex 6:
Export sales: 100 sets of table and chairs with FOB price of 400 mil (no VAT because it is
export good)
Sales to companies in EPZs: 50 sets of table and chairs with price at border gate of EPZs of
250 mil (non-taxable)
Domestic sales at before VAT price 600 mil ( output)
Total input VAT shown on Value added invoices 80 mil of which 10 mil belonged to damaged
load of wood caused by fire, Hence total input VAT is: 80 mil -10 mil= 70mil
VAT amount payable is (250+600)x 10%- 70= 15mil
Ex 7:
MCQ 1-7( ex duty)

3.2 Excise duty in Vietnam (thuế tiêu thụ đặc biệt)

1, Base price
- Taxable = Price on which import duty is calculated (Giá nhập khẩu) + Import duty
hàng nhập khẩu bị đánh thuế 2 lần, lần đầu là bị đánh ở hải quan và lúc bán
Taxable price = (selling price exclusive of VAT- Environmental tax(if any))/(1+ excise tax
rate)
Base price là tổng doanh thu (bao gồm tất cả dịch vụ, đồ bán tạo doanh thu)(dancing hall:
bar)
Sân golf thì chỉ tính những dịch vụ liên quan đến golf còn những loại hình kinh doanh khác
như đồ ăn, nước uống thì k được tính
Base price for excise duty=the import tax base price + import tax
Ex 20:
Excise duty of 5 seat car 5-seat car at domestic market
20 x 600,000,000/(1+50%)x50%= 4,000,000,000
Excise duty of 7 seat car to an EPZ company
10 x 750,000,000/(1+50%) x 50%=2,500,00
Sale of 7-seat ambulance car -> non-excisable
Sale of 5-seat car exported -> non-excisable
So Excise duty payable = 4,000,000,000+ 2,500,000,000= 6,500,000,000
Excisable
3.2.6. Excise duty deduction (credit)
importation stage- customer
sell goods to the domestics market - tax official
● Conditions for excise tax deduction
- Chứng từ cho thuế ở bên hải quan đã trả thuế tiêu thụ đặc biệt
- For case of purchasing raw material from domestic producers: phải có hợp đồng rõ
ràng chứng từ, và giấy đăng kí kinh doanh
- chứng từ bên ngân hàng
- Chứng từ làm căn cứ khấu trừ thuế tiêu thụ đặc biệt là hóa đơn giá trị gia tăng được
lập khi mua hàng ( Documents as a basic
● Tax calculation
- excise duty payable = base price of goods/ service x tax rate
Case study:

- Output VAT of 5 seat car at domestic market

450x 10x 10%= 450,000,000
Output VAT of 12 ambulance car
2x650x5%= 65,000,000
Output VAT of 5seat car to an EPZ company
4 x 780 x 10%= 312,000,000
Total VAT output
450,000,000+65,000,000+ 312,000,000=827,000,000
VAT amount payable:
827-5,000=-4173 mil
 Excise duty of selling 5-seat car domestic
10x450/(1+50%)x50%= 1500
Excise duty of selling 5-seat EPZ
4x 780/(1+50%)x50%= 1040
Sale of ambulance -> non- excisable
Sale of 5 seat exported -> non-excisable
Excise duty payable: 1,500+1,040=2,540
Ex 1,2,3,4,5,6
Ex 1:
Exported 20,000 packs -> non tax
Sold in domestic market 50,000 packs of cigarettes with VAT exclusive price of
17,000 for each -> The output VAT is: 50,000x 17,000x10%= 85,000,000
Sold 40,000 packs of cigarettes… -> The output VAT is 40,000x15,000x10%=
60000000
Deduct input 300 mil
The amount input is 300 mil+ 40 mil = 304 mil
The VAT amount is (85+60)-304= -159 mil /23000= -$6913
Ex 2:

Chapter 4: Customs Duty (Thuế hải quan)

1. Concept and characteristics
Definition
Thuế hải quan chỉ đánh trên commodities (goods) và chỉ có cơ quan hải quan là người thu
nhận thuế (customs offices)
Nếu thuế hải quan đánh thấp vì nhà nước muốn đưa sản phẩm đấy ra nước ngoài và nhận
diện thương hiệu quốc gia tốt hơn
Thuế Hải quan đánh cao vì nhà nước không muốn những hàng hóa ở nước ngoài cạnh
tranh những hàng hóa rẻ trong nước, hạn chế xuất nhập khẩu những hàng hóa vì k tốt cho
xã hội
Những hàng xách tay, những người đi du lịch thì sẽ có hạn mức miễn thuế.
Taxpayers
Những hàng hóa di chuyển qua ở lại khu phi thuế quan là hàng hóa xuất khẩu nhưng vẫn
trong lãnh thổ đất nước (non-tariff zone)
Non-taxable
1. Good in transit or being transported across VN
2. Good exported abroad from non-tariff zone)
3. Exported petroleum
Tax base
Giá FOB(for export)= chi phí vận chuyển hàng hóa đến cảng gửi hàng + xếp hàng hóa
lên tàu vận chuyển + chi phí làm thủ tục xuất khẩu + thuế + chi phí phát sinh khác
trước khi hàng lên tàu
Giá CIF (for import) = giá FOB+ Cước vận tải biển+ Phí bảo hiểm

Case study
Import duty = 10,000x120,000x40%=VND 480,000,000
Excise duty amount= 10,000x120,000+ 480,000,000 x20%= 336,000,000
VAT payable = (10,000x120,000+480,000,000+336,000,000)x10%= 201,600,000
Raw material thì k bị đánh thuế
Homework ex 1,2 of custom duty
Ex 4,5
Exercise 1:
1. Taxable for custom duty
- Exported 1500 products N: 15000x5
Ex 5: (P250)

1. Import duty payable on importation of beer

500x6,000x50%= 1,500,000 VND
Excise duty payable = (500x6,000+1,500,000)x65% = 2,925,000 VND
2. Tax paid to customs office importation
- Import duty 1,500,000
- Excise duty 2,925,000
- VAT: (500x600+1,500,000+2,925,000)x10%=742,500
2. Tax paid to tax office
- VAT
- Excise: Excise duty for selling, and deduction
- Output VAT
sold 380 cans of beer: 380x16,500x10%= 627,000
Sold 100 cans to EPZ: 100x16,000x0%=0
Deductible: 1,000,000
742,500/500x(500-100) = 594,000
VAT payable 627,000-594,000=
Excise duty for selling
+ sold 380 cans
380x16,500/1.65x65%=
+ Sold 100… -> non excise
- Deduction 2,925,00/500x380=
- Excise duty payable:
Ex 1:
1, Taxable for custom duty
+ Exported 15000 product N: 15000x5x2300x0%= )
+ Imported 1,000 air conditioners
Import duty 1,000x300x23000x10%=690.000.000
Excise duty (1,000x300x23000+690,000,000)x10%= 759,000,000
=> VAT= (1,000x300x23000)+690,000,000 + 759,000,00) x10%= 834,900,000
2, Excise duty
Sale 900 air conditioners: (900x600x23000)/(1+10%)x10%=1,129,090,909
Credit excise duty= 759,000,000/1000x900=683,100,000
=> Excise duty payable = 1,129,090,909- 683,100,000= 445,990,909
3, VAT payable
Output VAT: export: 15,000x5x23000x0%=0
sell 900: 900 x 600 x 23000 x10%= 1,242,000,000
Deductible input VAT: 25,000,000
Deductible input other purchase goods: 3,000,000
Deductible input VAT (importation) 834,900,000
=> Total deductible input VAT = 25,000,000+3,000,000+834,900,000= 862,900,000c
VAT amount payable= 1,242,000,000- 862900,000= 379,100,000
Ex 2:
1, Taxable for custom duty
+ Imported 3,000 motorcycles:
+ Import duty 3,000x800x22,000x10%= 5,280,000,000 VND
+ Excise duty (3,000x800x22,000+5,280,000,000)x10%= 5808000000VND
+ Exported 10,000 pairs of sport shoes to Russia: 10,000x 15x 22,000x5%=
165,000,000
VAT= ((3,000x800x22,000)+5,280,000,000+5,808,000000+ 165,000,000)x10%= 6405300000
2, Excise duty
- sale 2,800 motorcycles: (2,800x 40,000,000x22,000)/(1+20%)x20%=
4,106666667,000000
- Credit excise duty: 5808000000/3,000x2,800=5420800000
- Excise duty payable: 41066666670000000- 5420800000=
VAT payable:
Ouput VAT: 2,800x 40,000,000x10%= 1,12000000300
Deductible input VAT:

Chap 5: Foreign contractor taxes: (thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp)

Người trả thuế CIT trả bởi tổ chức kp cá nhân
- What is direct tax: the taxpayer and the tax burden is the same
- thuế gián thu mình đã thu khách hàng lúc khách hàng thanh toán
Năm để tính thuế, năm tài chính
hiệp định tránh đánh thuế 2 lần ở VN, thuế suất và thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp
Case study:
880,000,000/(1-12%)=1,000,000,000
1,000,000,000 x(20%-12%)=80,000,000
CIT amount payable= (Base income - deduction of science and Technology Fund)
xCIT rate
Base income/assessable income= Taxable income-exempt incomes - Losses carried
forward
Taxable income = Base turnover-Deductible exp+ Other taxable income

Non-tariff zone (khu vực không chịu thuế hải quan) tuy vậy khi mua bán ở khu vực này thì
sẽ chịu thuế VAT
Excise duty (thuế tiêu thụ đặc biệt)
Base income =
Taxable income=
Function (P112)
Turnover ( tính những hoạt động chính get revenue, ví dụ bán hàng)
non-deductible
không có đối tượng không có hóa đơn -> non-deductible
3.18(example )
 hw: case study(slide), 8,9,11(textbook)
Final : theory (3đ)
VAT , excise , import (4d)
CIT(4 bài hôm nay) (3d)
Ô tô, deductible điều kiện để khấu trừ, taxable/non taxable product( hàng thuế tiêu thụ đb )
Tax payer chỉ khấu trừ khâu nhập khẩu trên số lượng bán ra
Custome duty impose on good, only percentage rate
Base price international service insuarance, FOB
Tính base turnover
Non deductible exp
Oversea income
Other income (exempt income)
Base income x20%
Ad up the CIT
Theory dđeuctible, và không khấu trừ

Case study

Calculate the Gross Income:

● Base turnover: 500,000 million VND
● Turnover from selling of fixed asset: 100 million VND

Gross Income = Base turnover + Turnover from selling of fixed asset

Gross Income = 500,000 million VND + 100 million VND

Gross Income = 500,100 million VND

Calculate Total Expenses:
● Total expenses: 460,000 million VND
● Salaries expenses with illegitimate vouchers: 200 million VND
● Donation to a pagoda: 1,000 million VND
● Value-added tax paid under the credit method: 150 million
VND
● Donation with legitimate vouchers to a high school: 30 million
VND

Total Expenses = Total expenses - (Salaries expenses with illegitimate

vouchers + Donation to a pagoda + Value-added tax paid under credit
method + Donation with legitimate vouchers)
Total Expenses = 460,000 million VND - (200 million VND + 1,000 million
VND + 150 million VND + 30 million VND)
Total Expenses = 460,000 million VND - 1,380 million VND

Total Expenses = 458,620 million VND

Calculate the Taxable Income:
Taxable Income = Gross Income - Total Expenses
Taxable Income = 500,100 million VND - 458,620 million VND

Taxable Income = 41,480 million VND

Calculate the CIT Amount Payable:

CIT Rate = 20% (0.20)
CIT Amount Payable = Taxable Income x CIT Rate
CIT Amount Payable = 41,480 million VND x 0.20

CIT Amount Payable = 8,296 million VND

So, the CIT amount payable for Dragon Co. for the tax year N is 8,296
million VND.

Ex 11:

Base turnover 200 billion

Deductible exp

lãi vay từ ngân hàng thì deduct nhưng đối với đối tượng khác thì không

Chapter 6: PIT

PIT is a direct tax

PIT is sensitive tax

Case study
1. Base turnover: 500,000
2. Total expense 460,000
Non-deductible exp
+ Salaries exp 200
+ Donation to pagoda: 100
+ VAT: 150
=> Total non-deductible: 200 + 100+150 = 450
=> Total deductible exp: 460,000- 450= 459,550
3. Other income
 - Income from selling: 100-3-7=90
- Income receive from a Joint venture: 600
4. Taxable income= 500,000- 459,550 + 90+ 600 =41,140
5. Exempt income: Income received from a joint venture: 600
6. Base income = 41,140 - 600 = 40,540
7. CIT= 40,540 x 20%= 8,108
8. CIT payable oversea
Income before tax: 1,700: (1-15%) = 2,000
CIT payable = 2,000 x (20%- 15%) = 100
Total CIT payable = 8,108 + 100 = 8,208
Ex8:
Excise duty
- Air conditioner with capacity 12000 BTU = (10,000x11,000,000)/(1+10%)x10%=
10,000,000
- VAT: ouput VAT - 10,000 units of air conditioner = 10,000 x 11,000,000 x 10%=
11,000,000,000
- 1,000 Units = 1,000 x 44,000,000 x10% = 4,400,000,000
=> Total output = 11,000,000,000 + 4,400,000,000 = 15,400,000,000
Deductible input = 9,000,000,000
-> VAT payable = 15,400,000,000- 9,000,000,000 = 6,400,000,000
CIT: Base turnover = 10,000 x 11,000,000,000 + 1000 x 44,000,000 = VND
154,000,000,000
- Deductible expense: Depreciation compliant study: 10,000,000,000
+ Material exp: 80,000,000,0000
+ Salaries: 20,000,0000 - 1,000,000,000 = 19,000,000,000
+ Rent paid: 10,000,000,000/5= VND 2,000,000,000
+ Interest Exp: 6B - 2B= VND 4B excise duty: 10B, other VND 8B
Ex 9:
CIT payable
Base turnover: 95,000,000,000 - 5,000,000,000=90,000,000,000
Total deductible exp: 87,000,000,000 VND
Salaries and remuneration exp
Deductible Non-deductible
Salaries and remuneration 14,000,000,000 1,000,000,000
exp
100,000,000
Donation to student uniform
of HN
Donation to having to the 200,000,000 1,500,000,000 - 15,000,0000/15%x12%
pov
Interest expense paid 200,000,000
Interest exp employee 1,200,000,000 300,000,000
1,400,000,000
-> Total: 85,600,000,000
Income received from scientific contract: 300,000,000
Taxable income: 94,000,000 - 85,600,000,000 + 300,000,000= 8,700,000,000VND
Exempt income: 300,000,000
Base income= Taxable income - Exempt income
= 8,700,000,000 - 300,000,000= 8,400,000,000 VND
CIT payable: 8,400,000 x 20% = 1,680,000,000 VND
CIT payable for income oversea
Income before paying tax overseas
Before oversea: 1,000,000,000 = 1,000,000,000 = 9000,000,000/ (1-10%)
CIT payable in VN: 1,000,000,0000 x (20%-10%0 = 100
Total = 1,780,000,000 VND
Ex 11:
Base Turnover: VND 2,000,000,000,000
Deductible expense: VND 170,000,000,000
- Non deductible exp
+ Life insurance fees for employees: VND 400,000,000
+ Uniform expense 700,000,000 - (5000,000 x 100) = VND 200,000,000
- House rent exp paid in advance for 5 years
1,500,000,000: 5 = 300,000,000 -> deductible
=> Total deductible expense -> non-deductible: 12B
170,000,000,000 - 1,500,000,000 - 400,000,000
Non-deductible - 200,000,000+ 300,000,000
Deductible expense = VND 168,200,000,000
Taxable income
VND 200,000,000,000 - 168,200,000,000 = 31,800,000,000
=> CIT= 31,800,000,000 x 20% = VND 6 360 000 000

Condition for deductible exp

- Actual expenses used for the production and business of enterprise
- Legitimate invoice and vouchers
- Non-cash payment
Final là condition deduct CIT với ví dụ về salary exp not deduct