Multiple Choice Questions

1. The nuclear reaction X Y + Z occurs spontaneously. If MX, My and MZ are the masses of the
three particles, which of the following relationships is true?

(a) Mx < My – Mz

(b) Mx < My + Mz

(c) Mx > My + Mz

(d) Mx - My < Mz

2. When the nuclear reaction takes place, which of the following is true about the reaction?
I. The energy is conserved
II. The electric charge is conserved
III. The mass is conserved
IV. The number of nucleons is conserved

(A) I and II only (B) I, II and III only (C) III only (D) I, II and IV only

3. For the first time, the following transmutation reaction is done by:
14N + α → 17O + p.
(a) Rutherford (b) Thomas Edison (c) Neil Bohr (d) J.J.Thomson
4. The time scale of compound nucleus reactions is of the order of
(a) 10-14s – 10-12s (b)10-16s – 10-14s (c) 10-18s – 10-16s (d)10-20s – 10-18s
5. The process of disintegration of compound nucleus is called:
(a) Entrance channel (b) Exit channel (c) Excitation (d) Knock-out process
6. The reaction in which one or more nucleons are transferred from a target nucleus to a
passing particle
(a) Capture reaction (b) Pick up reaction (c) Stripping reaction (d) Chain reaction
7. A reaction in which one or more nucleons is stripped off the target nucleus and transferring
it to the projectile is called
(a) Stripping reaction (b) Pick up reaction (c) Exergonic reaction (d) Endergonic
reaction
8. The interaction time for direct reaction must be very
(a)~10—22s (b) ~10—24s (c) ~10—26s (d) ~10—28s
9. Products of the compound nucleus reactions are distributed as
(a) Orthotropically (b) Isotropically (c) Polytropically (d) None of these
10. The reaction in which a projectile and a target nucleus for the very short time with nuclear
force following for an interaction of a single nucleon only is called
(a) Direct nuclear reactions (b) Compound nuclear reaction (c) Both a and b
(d) none of these
11. A projectile and a target nucleus are within the range of nuclear forces for the time
allowing for a large number of interactions between nucleons is
called
(a) Compound nucleus reactions (b) direct nucleus reaction (c) both a and b
(d) none of these
12. Nuclear reactions, that occur in a time comparable to the time of transit of an incident
particle across the nucleus (~10-22 s), are called
(a) Direct nuclear reactions (b) compound nuclear reaction (c) Exoergic reaction
(d) endoergic reaction
13. Resonances in the cross-section are typical for the
(a) Compound nucleus reaction (b) Pickup reaction (c) stripping reaction
(d) direct reaction
14. Why are nuclear energy levels more complex than electron energy levels?
(a) Nuclear energy levels depend only on attractive forces.
(b) Nuclear energy levels depend on attractive and repulsive forces.
(c) Nuclear energy levels are an order of one hundred times as great as electron energy
levels.
(d) Electron energy levels depend on the interaction between neutrons and electrons.
15. When a nucleus is divided into its constituents, energy is
(a) Created from nothing
(b) Transformed into visible light
(c) Absorbed by the nucleus which then breaks it apart.
(d) Released by the nucleus as it breaks apart.
16. The following reaction:
1 2 + 1 3 →2 4 +0 1 is called
(a) Fusion (b) Fission (c) alpha decay (d) gamma decay
17. The critical energy for heavier nuclei with Z > 90 is
(a) 2 to 4MeV (b) 4 to 6MeV (c) 6 to 8MeV (d) 8 to 10MeV
18. If the reactants at the start of the reaction have sufficient energy for collisions the
threshold energy is equal to
 (a) Activation energy (b) thermal Energy (c) less than100MeV (d) more than
100MeV

19. The kinetic energy in entrance channel is less than that in the exit channel, the process is:
(a) Elastic scattering (b) inelastic scattering (c) Rayleigh scattering
(d) both a and c
20. Reactions that have a negative ∆G (Gibbs free energy) are called:
(a) Exergonic reactions (b) Endergonic reaction (c) stripping reaction (d) pickup
reaction
21. Endoergic reactions are also called:
(a) Spontaneous reaction (b) non- spontaneous reactions (c) pickup reactions
(d) none of these
22. Melting of ice is an example of:
(a) Exergonic reactions (b) Endergonic reactions (c) endoergic reactions
(d) both b and c
23. 1Barn=
(a) 10-22cm2 (b) 10-24cm2 (c) 10-26cm2 (d) 10-28cm2
24. Nuclear cross section depends upon
(a) Type of target nucleus
(b) Type of nuclear reaction
(c) Energy of incident particles
(d) all of these
25. A state with small life time has ____level width and is ____ defined.
(a) Large, strongly (b) small, poorly (c) large, poorly (d) small, strongly
26. Which of the following order of parities for the sub-shells s, p, d, f is correct?
(a) even, odd, odd, even
(b) (b) odd, even, even, odd
(c) (c) odd, even, odd, even
(d) (d) even, odd, even, odd
27. Parity for the in the state will be:
(a) Odd (b) even (c) both a and b (d) none of
these
28. If the reversed nuclear structure of the state looks same as original then its parity will be:
(a) Positive (b) negative (c) both a and b (d) none of
these
29. Property that is the characteristic of families of related subatomic particles differing
principally in the values of their electric charge is called
 (a) Isospin (b) isobaric spin (c) isotopic spin (d) All of these

30. Two neutrons are said to be identical if they have same:

(a) Principle quantum no. (b) Angular momentum (c) Orbital angular
momentum (d) All of these
31. The constituent nuclear particles are paired one to one in
(a) Liquid drop model (b) Nuclear Shell model (c) Collective model (d) none of
these
32. If the energy level of incident particle and that of the target nucleus overlaps it is called
(a) Nuclear resonance (b) compound nucleus (c) both a and b
(d) none of these
33. Nuclear shell model did not give the clear picture of:
(a) Bound states (b) virtual states (c) exited states (d) none of these
34. Breit-Wigner formula relates ___with the energy of the incident particle which is near to
that required to form the discrete resonance level.
(a) Mean free path (b) Mean free time (c) Cross section (d) Intensity
35. The potential which furnishes the energy-averaged scattering amplitudes is called
(a) Optical model potential (b) nuclear potential (c) both a and b (d) none of
these
36. If a travelling wave is moving in plane wave function with decreasing amplitude it means
that:
(a) Transmitted particle is being released
(b) Transmitted particle is being absorbed
(c) Transmitted particle is not affected
(d) None of these
37. In Breit-Wigner formula derivation, the mean free path is the distance over which the
intensity is attenuated to______ its initial value
(a) (b) 2 (c) (d)
38. The Breit-Wigner formula for the single level reaction cross-section is
(a) ab = 2(2l+1) a b/{4 ((E - E0)2 + 2/4)}
(b) a = C/((E - E0)2 + 2/4)
(c) both a and b
(d) none of these
39. In the case of elastic scattering ( a = b) at the maximum of the resonance (E = E0) the
cross-section is
(a) el = 2(2l+1) a b/{4 ((E - E0)2 + 2/4)}
(b) el = 2 a2(2 + 1)/( 2)
 (c) both a and b
(d) none of these
40. For the inelastic cross-section ( b = - a) at the maximum of the resonance (E = E0) its
value is
(a) inel = 2 a( - a)(2 + 1)/( 2)
(b) el = 2(2l+1) a b/{4 ((E - E0)2 + 2/4)}
(c) both a and b
(d) none of these

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Neutron contain two down quarks with charge
a) −1⁄3 e b) +2⁄3 e c) +2⁄3 e d) +2⁄3 e

2. Which of the following statements about nuclear fission is always correct?

(a) Very little energy is released in fission processes.
(b) Nuclear fission is an energetically favorable process for heavy atoms.
(c) Due to its instability, 56Fe readily undergoes fission.
(d) In fission reactions, a neutron is split into a proton and an electron.

3. A positron has a mass number of _____, a charge of _____, and a mass equal to that of
_____.
(a) 0, 1+, proton
(b) 1, 2+, proton
(c) 0, 1+, electron
(d) 1, 2+, electron
(e) 0, 0, proton

4. Which one of the following statements about nuclear reactions is false?

(a) Particles within the nucleus are involved.
(b) No new elements can be produced.
(c) Rate of reaction is independent of the presence of a catalyst.
(d) Rate of reaction is independent of temperature.

5. In 1931, Walther Bothe and Herbert Becker found that If gamma rays fell on paraffin wax,
they ejected
a) Neutrons of high energy
b) Protons of high energy
c) Both a and b
 d) None of these

6. Rest mass energy for proton is

a) 939.566
b) 938.272
c) 0.51100
d) 931.490

7. Neutron source can be categorized by which of the following factors

a) Intensity and mode of emission
b) Energy distribution
c) Angular distribution
d) All of these

8. The most intense accelerator-based neutron sources are

a) Light ion Accelerator
b) Photofission
c) Spallation source
d) None of these

9. Neutron generators are continuous source of neutrons that generate___ neutrons per
second.
a) 1019
b) 1011
c) 1014
d) 1010

10.The bombardment of 4Be9 by Alpha particles leads to the production of

a) Protons
b) Neutrons
c) Positrons
d) Beta particles

11.Neutrons are the types of

a) Directly ionizing particles
b) Indirectly ionizing particles
c) Non ionizing particles
d) None of these
12.In neutron detectors, which of the following is considered as a boaster of nuclear weapons
a) Deuterium
b) Tritium
c) Helium
d) Neutrons

13.Gases such as BF3 and CH4 are polyatomic gases and they require
a) Additional quench gas
b) No additional quench gas
c) High voltages
d) Both b and c

14.The incident neutron if scatters by a hydrogen nucleus produces a recoil

a) Electron
b) Proton
c) Gamma rays
d) Alpha particles

15.The reverse process of nuclear decay is called

a) Transmutation
b) Beta decay
c) Exothermic
d) Alpha decay

16.A moderator is used to slow

a) Protons
b) Neutrons
c) Alpha particles
d) Beta particles

17.Scintillator and ____ collectively called scintillation head.

a) Counter
b) Photomultiplier tube
c) Both a and b
d) None of these
18.Detectors that detect the charged particles generated in neutron induced nuclear reactions
are
a) Semi conductor detectors
b) Direct ion storage detector
c) Both a and b
d) None of these

19.Gas detectors are efficient only for

a) Thermal neutrons
b) Epithermal neutrons
c) Fast neutrons
d) Intermediate neutrons

20.For slowing down a neutron, shielding of which material is required

a) Concrete
b) Polythene
c) Both a and b
d) None of these

21.In moderator to slow down fast moving neutrons ____ is used

a) H2O
b) D2O
c) Both a and b
d) None of these

22.The energy of the scattered neutrons depends upon the

a) Mass of scattered neutrons
b) Scattering angle
c) Both a and b
d) None of these

23.The photomultiplier converts the light energy into

a) Chemical energy
b) Electrical energy
c) Both a and b
d) None of these
24.In scinillators, dynode is used for
a) Stopping electrons
b) Multiplication of electron
c) Generating pulses
d) None of these

25.For gas filled detectors, which one of the following is correct?

a) Nuclides with moderate cross section are the best for filling
b) Nuclides with high cross section are the best for filling
c) Nuclides with low cross section are the best for filling
d) None of these

26.Protons and tritium are detected by Proportional counter using

a) H2 filled gas
b) O2 filled gas
c) 3He filled gas
d) None of these

27._____gas filled detectors utilize B10to produced charge particles

a) Boron tri fluoride
b) Boron tetra fluoride
c) Boron fluoride
d) None of these

28.Nuclear magneton is equal to

a) 5.50508×10-23 JT-1
b) 5.50508×10-27 JT-1
c) 5.50508×10-19 JT-1
d) 5.50508×10-11 JT-1

29.___ performed the experiments to show the radiation consisted of uncharged particles with
about same mass as of proton.
a) Rutherford
b) James Chadwick
c) Herbert Becker
d) J.J. Thomson
30.LINAC is an example of
a) Neutron generator
b) Light Ion accelerator
c) Spallation neutron source
d) Photo fission
31.Hydrogen converts into Helium in
a) Nuclear fission
b) Nuclear fusion
c) Transmutation
d) None of these
32.When two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, the process is said to be
a) nuclear fission
b) nuclear fusion
c) nuclear power
d) nuclear transmutation
33.In nuclear fusion, as compared to the masses of original nuclei, the final nucleus is always
a) Equal
b) More
c) Less
d) Zero
34.The release of energy from the sun is due to
a) nuclear fission
b) nuclear fusion
c) burning of gases
d) chemical reaction
35.The way to achieve nuclear fusion by using extremely high temperatures is
a) Thermo nuclear fusion
b) Transmutation
c) Nuclear fission
d) None of these
36.Energy release in Nuclear Fusion is
a) 7MeV
b) 8MeV
c) 9MeV
d) 10MeV
 NUCLEAR PHYSICS -II BS(PHY)M
1. Reactions that occur due to formation and breaking of bonds are termed
as_________.
a) Chemical reactions
b) b) nuclear reactions
c) both a & b
d) d) none of these
2. In the elastic scattering the state of the nucleus___________.
a) Remains unchanged
b) changes for short time
c) changes permanently
d) sometimes changes and sometimes not changes
3. In case of inelastic scattering, the K.E at the exit channel would be___________ to
the entrance channel.
a) Greater
b) b) less
c) equal
d) both a & c
4. In the reaction a+A a + A*, A* shows ___________?
a) Elastic scattering
b) Inelastic scattering
c) Both a and b
d) None of these
5. The Q-value can be represented as __________
a) (mp-mr).931MeV
b) (mr -mp).939.58 MeV
c) (mr -mp).931MeV
d) None of these
6. If nucleus interact with each other without changing the nature of any nuclide then
the process is________
a) nuclear reaction
b) chemical reaction
c) nuclear scattering
d) chemical scattering
7. First transmutation is made in________?
a) 1911
b) 1919
c) 1930
d) 1932
8. Nuclear reaction depend upon ________?
a) Energy
b) Medium
c) both a and b
d) none
9. When10Mev energy is given to nucleon ,then the reaction is________?
 a) low energy reaction
b) medium energy reaction
c) high energy reaction
d) no reaction will occur
10. When the energy is given to nucleon i-e greater than 100 Mev then reaction
is________?
a) low energy reaction
b) medium energy reaction
c) high energy reaction
d) no reaction will occur
11. The conversion of an element into another is________?
a) Transmutation
b) Transition
c) chemical reaction
d) both a and b
12. Compound nucleus is_____.
a) Stable
b) Most stable
c) Unstable
d) None of these
13. Mean Life of compound nucleus
a) 10-23 to 10-21
b) 10-22 to 10-21
c) 10-24 to 10-23
d) 10-22 to 10-19
14. The compound nucleus disintegrates into small ejected particles(+) within time of
a) 10-19 to 10-14
b) 10-18 to 10-15
c) 10-19 to 10-15
d) 10-22 to 10-19
15. Al-27 is bombarded with proton Si-28 formed in
a) High energy state
b) Low energy state
c) Moderate energy state
16. Si-28 decays into Mg-24 and
a) 𝜶 − 𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒍𝒆
b) 𝛽 − 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒
c) 𝛾 − 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒
d) Photon
17. Compound nucleus is good in explaining reaction in
a) High energy state
b) Low energy state
c) Moderate energy state
18. Formation of Compound nucleus is called
a) Exit Channel
 b) Entrance Channel
c) Exist Channel
19. The process of disintegration of compound nucleus is called
a) Exit Channel
b) Entrance Channel
c) Exist Channel
20. If energy is concentrated on a single nucleon, what happened
a) 𝜸 − 𝑹𝒂𝒚𝒔 𝒑𝒉𝒐𝒕𝒐𝒏𝒔 is emitted
b) 𝑎 − 𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 are emitted
c) 𝛽 − 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 are emitted
d) 𝛽 − 𝑅𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 is emitted
21. If energy is concentrated on group of nucleons, what happened
a) 𝛾 − 𝑅𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 is emitted
b) 𝒂 − 𝑷𝒂𝒓𝒕𝒊𝒄𝒍𝒆𝒔 are emitted
c) 𝛽 − 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒𝑠 are emitted
d) 𝛽 − 𝑅𝑎𝑦𝑠 𝑝ℎ𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑠 is emitted
22. 𝐶𝑢 + 𝐻 → ( 𝑍𝑛)*  Here Zn is Compound Nucleus ,which one is correct?
a) 𝑍𝑛 + 𝑛
b) 𝐶𝑢 + 𝑛 + 𝐻
c) 𝑍𝑛 + 2 𝑛
d) 𝑨𝒍𝒍 of these
23. In which scattering energy of neutron is same
a) Elastic Scattering
b) In elastic Scattering
c) Compton Scattering
d) Photon Scattering
24. In Centre of Mass of Frame Total mass should b
a) Maximum
b) Minimum
c) Zero
25. X( p, d )Y called
a) Stripping reaction
b) Pick up reaction
c) Transfer reaction
d) Captured reaction
26. Compound nucleus is --------- in direction
a) Symmetry
b) A-Symmetry
c) Superposition
27. Time taken by Direct reaction
a) ≅ 10-23s
b) ≅ 𝟏𝟎-22s
c) ≅ 10-21s
d) ≅ 10-20s

28. Energy state of nucleus is measured in units:

a) eV
 b) MeV
c) KeV
d) Barn
29. During the transition of nucleons, the following particle is emitted:
a) Gamma rays
b) X-rays
c) 𝛼 − 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑙𝑒
d) All
30. Higher energy level has:
a) More spacing
b) Intermediate spacing
c) Less spacing
d) None
31. The energy level that is real but unstable is:
a) Virtual
b) Bound
c) Un bound
d) Visible
32. The compound nucleus theory incident particle losses its energy in case of:
a) Large nuclei
b) Light nuclei
c) Heavy nuclei
d) Both a & c
33. Energy level of electron is measured in:
a) eV
b) KeV
c) MeV
d) Both a & b
34. Due to electron re arrangement following particle is emitted:
a) X-Rays
b) Gamma ray
c) Alpha particle
d) Proton
35. The excitation energy of ground state is:
a) 1
b) 0.5
c) 0.2
d) 0
36. The lower energy level of nucleus is:
a) Below 1MeV
b) Below 2MeV
c) Below 3MeV
d) Below 4MeV
37. The energy level of nucleus between 2-6MeV is:
a) Low
b) Moderate
c) High
 d) None
38. The de excitation of energy in bound state takes place by the emission of:
a) Neutron
b) Proton
c) Gamma ray
d) Alpha particle
39. Nucleus has energy levels that are:
a) Discrete
b) Continuous
c) Analog
d) All
40. Threshold energy quite large with z<90 for:
a) light nuclei
b) heavy nuclei
c) radioactive nuclei
d) none of these
41. Threshold energy quite large with z>90 for:
a) light nuclei
b) heavy nuclei
c) radioactive nuclei
d) none of these
42. The minimum excitation energy required for a reaction to occur is known is
a) threshold energy
b) critical energy
c) activation energy
d) all of these
43. For heaver nucleus with Z>90, the critical energy for even nucleus is about
a) 4 to 6MeV
b) 5 to 7MeV
c) 3 to 5MeV
d) 2 to 4 MeV
44. For reaction to occur the excitation energy must be -------- of particular value
a) below
b) above
c) equal
d) none of these
45. Any nucleus can be split into sufficiently:
a) high state
b) low state
c) equal state
d) all of these
46. If collision do not take place with enough then reaction
a) occur
b) do not occur
c) none of these
47. All the produced particle in C.O.M system
a) rest
 b) Motion
c) vibrate
d) oscillate
48. After collision we have "n"particle:
a) difference masses
b) same masses
c) different masses
d) all of these
49. Q value for the formation of Helium from deuterium and tritium is:
a) 17.5 MeV
b) -17.5 MeV
c) 117.5 MeV
d) -117.5 MeV
50. When Gamma rays fall on U-238 we obtain:
a) Two neutrons
b) 1 neutron
c) Three neutrons
d) None
51. Expression for Q-Value is:
a) K.E of reactants – K.E of products
b) K.E of products – K.E of reactants
c) K.E of products+ K.E of reactants
d) B.E of target nucleus + B.E of product nucleus
52. Conditions for Exoergic reaction are:
a) + ve Q-Value, Ti >Tf, Mp > Mi
b) +ve Q-Value, Ti < Tf, Mp > Mi
c) +ve Q-Value, Ti >Tf, Mp < Mi
d) -ve Q-Value, Ti >Tf, Mp > Mi

Note: Vice versa would be true for Endoergic reactions.

53. What is true for nuclear reactions:
a) Law of conversation of Momentum holds
b) Law of Conservation of Energy holds
c) Inelastic collision can occur.
d) All of the above
54. The ----------------------- of a nucleus is used to describe the probability that a nuclear
reaction will occur.
a) Nuclear cross section
b) Bound energy levels
c) Level width
55. Area of nucleus where interaction take place is called
a) Endoergic interaction
b) Nuclear cross section
c) Compound reaction
56. Cross section is defined by
a) σ = R / I
b) σ= I / R
 c) R=σ/I
57. σ= R/I in this cross section formula I is the ……
a) no of incident particles per unit time per unit area
b) no of target particles per unit time per unit area
c) no of reaction per unit time per unit area
58. commonly used units for cross section is ……..
a) meters per sec
b) barn
c) Mev per nucleon
59. 1 barn =
a) 10 𝑚
b) 100𝑓𝑚
c) Both a and b
60. In case of proton the cross section area around the nucleus is
a) Zero
b) Very less
c) Greater
61. In case of neutron the cross section area around the nucleus is
a) Zero
b) Very less
c) Greater
62. The reason of less cross section area around nucleus in case of proton is
a) It is difficult to induce reaction b/w proton and nucleus due to repulsion
b) No repulsion occur b/w proton and nucleus
c) None of above
63. The reason of less cross section area around nucleus in case of neutron
a) It is difficult to induce reaction b/w neutron and nucleus due to repulsion
b) No repulsion occur b/w neutron and nucleus
c) None of above
64. The actual size of the nucleus is less or equal to the actual size of the nucleus based
upon the
a) Nature of nuclear reaction
b) Depend upon the incident particle
c) Depend upon the velocity

65. If we take ------------------ neutron it will penetrate through the material without
interaction with nucleus .
a) High velocity
b) Low velocity
c) Thermal neutron
66. Low velocity neutron or thermal neutron have
a) Higher de-Broglie wave length
b) Low de- Broglie wave length
c) None of above
67. N(x) – dN where dN is the
a) No. of interaction
b) No. of particles
 c) No. of density
68. N(x) – dN where N(x) is the
a) No. of interaction
b) No. of particles which survives
c) No. of density
69. The relation which show how the no. of incident particles penetrates into a material
medium so, no. of particles survive after penetration through distance x is
a) 𝑵(𝒙) = 𝑵𝒐 𝒆 𝒏𝝈𝒙
b) 𝑁(𝑥) = 𝑁𝑜 𝑒
c) 𝑁(𝑥) = 𝑁𝑜 𝑒
70. Greater the nucleus corss section greater will be the probability and no. of particles
will be …………….
a) Decrease sharply
b) Increase sharply
c) No. reaction occur
71. ………………….. characterizes the broadening of an energy level and the energy spread
in the level.
a) Level width
b) Endoergic rection
c) Compound nucleus
72. The uncertainty is the measure of energy of a particles state is called
a) Level width
b) Uncertainty principle
c) De-excitation
73. Level width is represented by
a) Σ
b) Λ
c) Г
74. Mean life time = t =
a) 1/ λ
b) 1/2λ
c) none of above
75. A state with small life have ……………………… levels width
a) Large
b) Small
c) Sharply defined
76. A state with large life have ……………….. level width
a) Smaller
b) Sharply defined
c) Both a and b
77. If the mirror image of the nuclear spin is opposite then, parity is
a) +ve
b) -ve
c) 0
d) None of these
78. Parity is defined as
a) P= (1)l
 b) P= (1)-l
c) P= (1)o
d) P= (-1)l
79. For 𝐻 , parity is
a) Even
b) Odd
c) Zero
d) None
80. Isospin is also called
a) Isotopic
b) Isobaric
c) Both a &b
d) All of above
81. A state with small level width is defined:
a) Poorly
b) Highly
c) Sharply
d) Weakly
82. If an incident particle is neutron than the area of cross section is:
a) Smaller
b) Greater
c) Intermediate
d) Average
83. The excited states are characterized by quantum numbers that describes its:
a) Angular momentum
b) Parity
c) Iso spin
d) All
84. Even parity (P=+1) for
a) l=1, 3, 5, 7…….
b) l=0, 2, 4, 6……
c) l=0,-2,-4,-6……
d) l= -1,-3,-5,-7…
85. The orbital angular momentum and parity for 𝐿𝑖 will be
a) l=0, p= even
b) l=1, p= odd
c) l=2, p= even
d) l=3, p= odd
86. The excitation energy of every nucleus is dependent on
a) Number of Neutrons
b) Number of protons
c) Structure of nucleus
d) Parity
87. Parity for the 𝑂 in the state 𝐷 will be:
a) Odd
b) even
c) both a and b
 d) none of these
88. If the reversed nuclear structure of the state looks same as original then its parity
will be:
a) Positive
b) negative
c) both a and b
d) none of these

89. Property that is the characteristic of families of related subatomic particles differing
principally in the values of their electric charge is called
a) Isospin
b) isobaric spin
c) isotopic spin
d) All of these
90. A state with small life time has ____level width and is ____ defined.
a) Large, strongly
b) small, poorly
c) large, poorly
d) small, strongly
91. Which of the following order of parities for the sub-shells s, p, d, f is correct?
a) even, odd, odd, even
b) odd, even, even, odd
c) odd, even, odd, even
d) even, odd, even,
92. 1Barn=
a) 10-22cm2
b) 10-24cm2
c) 10-26cm2
d) 10-28cm2
93. Nuclear cross section depends upon
a) Type of target nucleus
b) Type of nuclear reaction
c) Energy of incident particles
d) all of these
94. Nuclear cross section area (б) is defined as
a) R/T
b) T/R
c) R/I
d) I/R
95. A state with small life time has ____level width and is ____ defined.
a) Large. Astrongly
b) small, poorly
c) large, poorly
d) small, strongly
96. A state with large life time has
a) Small level width
b) Large level width
 c) Poorly defined
d) None of these
97. Mean life time is equal to
a) 1
b) 1/λ
c) λ
d) t

98. The process of disintegration of compound nucleus is called

a) Entrance channel
b) Decay of nucleus
c) Exit channel
d) Residual nucleus
99. Unit for nuclear cross section is __________ and is equals to_______.
a) kappa,10-28 kappa ,
b) barn,10-28 m2 barns
c) barn,10-26 m2 barns
d) none, of these
100. Sharply defined energy states have __________ life time.
a) large
b) small
c) uncertain
d) d)both b & c
101. Nuclear cross section area can be ________ than the actual size of the nucleus.
a) small
b) Large or greater
c) Equal
d) all of these
102. Nuclear Resonance formula introduce in
a) 1934
b) 1936
c) 1931
d) 1935
103. Nuclear Resonance formula introduce by
a) Gregory Breit
b) Breit-Wigner
c) Eugene Wigner
d) Gregory wigner
104. If energy of incident and target matches then known as
a) Nuclear energy
b) Nuclear Resonance
c) Bound energy
d) Virtual energy
105. In compound nucleus incident particle
a) Lost its origin in a compound nucleus
b) Get excited in a compound nucleus
 c) Trapped in a compound nucleus
d) All above
106. Which one expression used for travelling wave
a) 𝝍 = eiKx
b) 𝜓 = e-iKx
c) 𝜓 =HE
d) None
107. Energy will be decrease in the case of
a) Emission
b) Absorption
c) Transmission
d) Both a &b
108. 3. Wave vector is equal to
𝟐𝝅
a) K=
𝝀
b) K=
c) K=
d) K=i𝜔
109. 4. What will be result of travelling wave by decreasing amplitude 𝜓 ∗ 𝜓 =
a) e+2Kx
b) e-2Kx
c) e+3Kx
d) Both a &b
110. Which one expression used for de-Broglie wavelength of incident projectile
a) 𝜆 =
b) 𝜆 =
𝒉
c) 𝝀 =
𝒑
d) 𝜆 =
111. What is value of charge on electron?
a) 1.6*10-19C
b) 1.6*10-19J
c) 1.6*10-27C
d) 1.6*10-31C
112. Mass of electron is given by
a) 9.11*10-31kg
b) 511 keV/c2
c) 1.67*10-27kg
d) both a and b
113. Mass of proton is given by
a) 1.67*10-27 MeV/c2
b) 9.11*10-31kg
c) 511*10-6kg
d) 1.673*10-27kg
114. Mass of neutron is approximately equal to the mass of:
a) electron
b) proton
c) positron
d) muon
115. Which of the following is the value of Planck’s Constant “h” = ?
a) 4.136*10-15eVs
b) 6.626*10-34J
c) 0.6626*10-35J
d) All of above
116. Which of the following is the value of Boltzmann Constant “k” = ?
a) 8.617*10-5eVK-1
b) 1.38*10-23J
c) 8.617*10-32JK-1
d) 1.67*10-27 JK-1
117. The SI units of Rydberg Constant are?
a) JK-1
b) m-1
c) Js
d) Nm/s
118. The value of Bohr Magneton is = ?
a) 1.67*10-27 JT-1
b) 1.38*10-23JT-1
c) 9.27*10-24JT-1
d) 8.617*10-32JT-1
119. The value of Nuclear magneton is = ?
a) 9.27*10-24JT-1
b) 5.0508*10-27JT-1
c) 3.1525*10-14 MevT-1
d) Both b and c
120. Unified atomic mass unit is equal 1u = ?
a) 1.6*10-19kg
b) 1.66*10-27kg
c) 939.5678*10-25kg
d) 1.6*10-19MeV/c2
121. 1eV =_______________?
a) 1.6*1019J
b) 9.31*10-31J
c) 1.67*10-27J
d) 1.6*10-19J
122. 1atm = _______?
a) 3.16*107Nm-2
b) 1.01*105Nm-2
c) 1.01*106Nm-2
 d) 1.01*107Nm-2
123. Number of seconds in year = ?
a) 1.15*107s
b) 1.15*108s
c) 3.16*107s
d) 3.16*108s
124. gram of molecule at STP occupies:
a) 24.2liters
b) 22.4liters
c) 23.4liters
d) 25.4liters
125. If T = 1/2mv2 and K.E is 70MeV then velocity of neutron
a) 1.158*108ms-1
b) 1.158*107ms-1
c) 1.158*10-8 ms-1
d) 1.158*10-7 ms-1
126. Neutron was discovered in:
a) 1930
b) 1932
c) 193
d) 1937
127. When Alpha particles strike at Be, some rays are emitted:
a) Gamma rays
b) X rays
c) Neutrons
d) Protons
128. When neutrons strike at paraffin wax emitted.
a) Alpha particles
b) Gamma rays
c) Protons
d) Electrons
129. Atomic masses are denoted by the symbol
a) 𝜎
b) ∆
c) 𝝁
d) 𝜎
130. Neutrons are constructed of other particles called
a) Electrons
b) Protons
c) Leptons
d) Quarks
131. 1𝜇 is equal to:
a) 1.66054× 10 g
b) 1.66054× 𝟏𝟎 𝟐𝟕 Kg
 c) 1.66054× 10 Mev/𝐶
d) None
132. When atomic disintegration was studied by chadwick & Rutherford they seeing that
atomic no. was ------------- atomic mass.
a) Equal to
b) Less than
c) Greater than
d) Proportional to
133. Spin of proton & neutron is:
a) 1/2𝝁𝑵
b) 1/2𝜇
c) 3/2𝜇
d) 3/2𝜇
134. Spin of electron is:
e) 1/2𝜇
f) 1/2𝝁𝑩
g) 3/2𝜇
h) 3/2𝜇
135. Which of the following does not require a neutron to start or take place:
a) Fission
b) Fusion
c) Radioactive Decay
d) None
136. Accelerated protons hit a heavy target causing emission of neutrons.This neutron
source is:
a) Nuclear Reactor
b) Fusion
c) Spallation
d) Neutron Generator
137. Spallation sources are ________ neutron sources:
a) Low flux
b) High flux
c) Instant
d) Cheap
138. Reaction in spallation neutron source occur at threshold of incident particles i.e.:
a) 5-15 KeV
b) 50-100 MeV
c) 5-15 MeV
d) over 100MeV
139. Neutrons are produced in short pulses in _______neutron source:
a) Photofission
b) Neutron Generator
c) Spallation
 d) Nuclear Reactor
140. Particles which strike the target are accelerated by __________ in spallation.
a) Cyclotron
b) Synchrotron
c) Betatron
d) LINAC
141. In Spallation neutron source,a source of _______ is produces in short pulses.
a) 1020 neutrons per second
b) 1017 neutrons per second
c) 105 neutrons per second
d) 1013 neutrons per second
142. In Spallation neutron source,bombarded particles are______in size than size of
target:
a) Less
b) Greater
c) Equal
d) None
143. Which accelerator used in light ions accelerator?
Ans. Linear accelerator
144. Neutron can produced by using target
Ans. Deuterium, tritium, lithium and low z-materials
145. Light ions are used in light ion accelerator
Ans. H, Li
146. Which is used as light ion and target material in light ion accelerator
Ans. Li
147. Neutron generator can be achieved by a___ in deuterium lab.
Ans. 100kv
148. Continuous source of neutron
Ans. ~ 𝟏𝟎𝟏𝟏 neutron/seconds
149. 𝛼 reacts as reactant and produced neutron in
Ans. Radioisotope source (𝜶, n)
150. Last neutron in a nucleus is
Ans. weakly bounded
151. Be bombarded ,To produce the neutron by alpha in__
Ans. Exothermic reaction
152. Portable and weak source of neutron__
Ans. Radioisotope source (𝜸, n)
153. Naturally occurring radioactive material sy mili
Ans. Portable source
154. Radium and plutonium can used for
Ans. 𝜶 emitter
155. 𝛾 ray has
Ans. Greater range
156. Two physical components can be separated by
Ans. Switch off the reaction
157. Mon energetic produced by
Ans. Radioisotope source (𝜸, n)
158. 𝛾-source Antimony-124 use to get
Ans. 𝜸 ray
159. Be bombarded ,To produce the neutron by 𝛾 ray in__
Ans. Endothermic reaction
160. Expensive and can be nearly Mon energetic
Ans. Fusion generator
161. The reverse process of nuclear decay is called
a) Transmutation
b) Beta decay
c) Exothermic
d) Alpha decay
162. A moderator is used to slow
a) Protons
b) Neutrons
c) Alpha particles
d) Beta particles
163. Scintillator and ____ collectively called scintillation head.
a) Counter
b) Photomultiplier tube
c) Both a and b
d) None of these

164. Detectors that detect the charged particles generated in neutron induced nuclear
reactions are
a) Semi conductor detectors
b) Direct ion storage detector
c) Both a and b
d) None of these

165. Gas detectors are efficient only for

a) Thermal neutrons
b) Epithermal neutrons
c) Fast neutrons
d) Intermediate neutrons

166. For slowing down a neutron, shielding of which material is required

a) Concrete
b) Polythene
 c) Both a and b
d) None of these

167. In moderator to slow down fast moving neutrons ____ is used

a) H2O
b) D2O
c) Both a and b
d) None of these

168. The energy of the scattered neutrons depends upon the

a) Mass of scattered neutrons
b) Scattering angle
c) Both a and b
d) None of these

169. The photomultiplier converts the light energy into

a) Chemical energy
b) Electrical energy
c) Both a and b
d) None of these

170. In scinillators, dynode is used for

a) Stopping electrons
b) Multiplication of electron
c) Generating pulses
d) None of these

171. For gas filled detectors, which one of the following is correct?
a) Nuclides with moderate cross section are the best for filling
b) Nuclides with high cross section are the best for filling
c) Nuclides with low cross section are the best for filling
d) None of these

172. Protons and tritium are detected by Proportional counter using

a) H2 filled gas
b) O2 filled gas
c) 3He filled gas
d) None of these

173. _____gas filled detectors utilize B10to produced charge particles

a) Boron tri fluoride
b) Boron tetra fluoride
 c) Boron fluoride
d) None of these

174. Nuclear magneton is equal to

a) 5.50508×10-23 JT-1
b) 5.50508×10-27 JT-1
c) 5.50508×10-19 JT-1
d) 5.50508×10-11 JT-1

175. ___ performed the experiments to show the radiation consisted of uncharged
particles with about same mass as of proton.
a) Rutherford
b) James Chadwick
c) Herbert Becker
d) J.J. Thomson

176. LINAC is an example of

a) Neutron generator
b) Light Ion accelerator
c) Spallation neutron source
d) Photo fission
177. Hydrogen converts into Helium in
a) Nuclear fission
b) Nuclear fusion
c) Transmutation
d) None of these
178. When two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, the process is said to be
a) nuclear fission
b) nuclear fusion
c) nuclear power
d) nuclear transmutation
179. In nuclear fusion, as compared to the masses of original nuclei, the final nucleus is
always
a) Equal
b) More
c) Less
d) Zero
180. The release of energy from the sun is due to
a) nuclear fission
b) nuclear fusion
c) burning of gases
 d) chemical reaction
181. The way to achieve nuclear fusion by using extremely high temperatures is
a) Thermo nuclear fusion
b) Transmutation
c) Nuclear fission
d) None of these
182. Energy release in Nuclear Fusion is
a) 7MeV
b) 8MeV
c) 9MeV
d) 10MeV
183. The atomic de-excitation in scintillation produces a low energy:
a) Electron
b) proton
c) photon
d) neutron
184. The photo cathode emits one electron for each arriving photon by the:
a) Photoelectric effect
b) Compton effect
c) pair production
d) none of these
185. No of pulses per unit time gives information about ……….. of radiation:
a) Velocity
b) intensity
c) density
d) both a and b
186. When small amount of impurity atoms added in pure Si or Ge they act as:
a) Resistor
b) Ammeter
c) diode
d) capacitor
187. Semiconductor detectors detect charged particles generated in ……………. nuclear
reaction:
a) Neutron induced
b) compound
c) direct
d) all of these
188. There are ………… types of semiconductor neutron detectors:
a) Three
b) two
c) five
d) six
189. A ………. is absorbed in reactive film and emits energetic reaction products:
 a) Electron
b) proton
c) neutron
d) both b and c
190. Reaction product may reach semiconductor surface and produces:
a) Electron
b) holes
c) electron hole pairs
d) none of these
191. Under reverse biased voltage, electron hole pairs drifted through diode to produced:
a) Induced current
b) voltage
c) resistance
d) drift velocity
192. Gas detectors are efficient for thermal neutron having
a) High energy
b) B) Low energy
c) no effect of energy
d) Depend upon the suitable conditions
193. In fast breeder reaction, a thick blanket of depleted fertile material ___________ is
used as_______________.
a) Uranium, as a moderator
b) Boron, as a moderator
c) Uranium, to absorb the neutrons from the fissile material and gets converted
into fissile material.
d) Boron, to absorb the neutrons from the fissile material and gets converted into
fissile material.
194. A moderator:
a) Absorb neutrons
b) does not absorb neutrons
c) Accelerate neutron
d) None of these
195. Effective moderator are those materials which contain:
a) Light weight atoms
b) Heavy weight atoms
c) Critical atoms
d) No weight atoms
196. Which moderator is used in pressurized water reactor
a) Graphite
b) Heavy water
c) Light water
 d) none of these
197. In a nuclear reactor, neutron could be slow down by moderator if they are in;
a) Equilibrium state
b) Thermal equilibrium state
c) Non equilibrium state
d) None of these
198. If equilibrium establish between neutrons and moderator then their distribution
energies will be;
a) Same
b) Different
c) High
d) Low
199. Max-Well Boltzmann distribution tells us about statistics of a number of particles at;
a) Same energies in thermal equilibrium
b) Different energies in thermal equilibrium
c) Some of them are in thermal equilibrium
d) None of these
200. Formula for Max-Well Boltzmann distribution is;
a) n(E) = n ( 4/πKBT)1/2 E1/2 exp(E/KBT)
b) n(E) = n ( 4/πKBT)1/3 E1/2 exp(-E/KBT)
c) n(E) = n ( 4/πKBT)1/2 E1/3 exp(-E/KBT)
d) n(E) = n ( 4/πKBT)1/2 E1/2 exp(-E/KBT)
201. value of Boltzmann constant is ;
a) KB= 1.38*10^-23 JK-1
b) KB= 1.38*10^-22 JK-1
c) KB= 1.38*10^-25 JK-1
d) KB= 1.38*10^-26 JK-1
202. The most probable energy at an absolute temperature (T=300K);
a) 𝐾𝑇2
𝟏
b) 𝑲𝑻
𝟐
c) 𝐾𝑇
d) 𝐾𝑇
203. The average energy at absolute temperature is;
a) 𝐾𝑇
𝟑
b) 𝑲𝑻
𝟐
c) 𝐾𝑇
d) 𝐾𝑇

204. When neutron hits a Uranium atom then we get ;

a) 3 neutrons
 b) 2 neutrons
c) 1 neutron

205. Neutrons which are produced by Uranium atom in fission reaction are
a) Slow neutrons
b) Fast neutrons
c) Neither slow nor fast
d) None of these

206. In, elastic collision energy and momentum ;

a) Not conserved
b) Conserved
c) May be conserved
d) None of these

207. The energy of the scattered neutron in elastic collision depends on the ;
a) Scattering angle and mass of scattering nucleus
b) Just scattering angle
c) Just mass of the nucleus
d) None of these

208. In elastic collision, conservation of momentum in the x-direction is ;

a) mvm= mv’mCosφ + Mv’MCosθ
φ Blue dot show
b) mvm= mv’mSinθ + Mv’MCosφ the scattered
c) mvm= mv’mSinθ + Mv’MSinφ neutron and
θ
d) mvm= mv’mCosθ + Mv’MCosφ red show the
209. when elastic collision take place then conservation of momentum in the y- recoiling
direction is; nucleus
a) 0= mv’mSinθ + Mv’M Sinφ
b) 0= mv’mCosθ + Mv’MCosφ
c) 0= mv’mSinφ + Mv’MCosθ
d) 0= mv’mCosφ + Mv’MCosθ
210. Neutron generators are categorized under __________ sources.
a) Large neutron
b) Medium neutron
c) Small neutron
d) None of these
211. Photo fission is termed under the ________ source.
a) Large neutron
b) Medium neutron
 c) Small neutron
d) None of these
212. Uranium 235 undergoes fission with the thermal neutrons, results into _________
neutrons?
a) 2
b) 3
c) 1
d) None of these
213. The by product of the DT(Deuterium, tritium )fusion is free____________?
a) Electron
b) Proton
c) Neutron
d) None of these
214. System in which two or more neutrons fuse together , with the emission of the
energy is known as ___________ system.
a) Fission
b) Fusion
c) Both a & b
d) None of these
215. In nuclear reactions , term “spallation” event applies to ________.
a) Random event
b) Sequential events
c) Spontaneous events
d) None of these
216. In nuclear reactions, spallation event occurs, when the wave length of the incident
particles is ____________?
a) Equal to de-Broglie wavelength
b) Less than de-Broglie wavelength
c) Equal to diameter of nucleus
d) None of these
217. In case of bremsstrahlung/ photo fission ___________ are incident on the nucleus
which results into neutrons.
a) Electrons
b) Protons
c) Gamma rays
d) None of these
218. 𝐻 +𝐻 𝐻 +______+ 17.6MeV

a) 2n
b) n
c) 5n
d) 0n
219. 𝐻 +𝐵𝑒 ______ + ______+ 5.7MeV
 a) 𝐶 , 2n
b) 𝐶 ,n
c) 𝑪𝟏𝟐𝟔 ,n
d) None of these
220. As neutron is chargeless particle they involve________. For their detection.
a) Direct reactions
b) Indirect reactions
c) Both a & b
d) None of these
221. While neutron detection, to control ionization , _________gas is employed.
a) Inert
b) Quenching
c) Chlorine
d) None of these
222. In the detection mechanism of neutron , “scintillators” involves production of UV or
visible light upon interaction of _____ with phosphorous?
a) Alpha rays
b) chemical
c) Ionized radiations
d) None of these
223. For low energy thermal electrons __________ detectors are proved effective.
a) Gas
b) Semiconductor detector
c) Both a & b
d) None of these
224. Moderators are employed to _____________ the neutrons.
a) Increase the speed of
b) decrease the speed of neutron
c) destruct the neutron
d) none of these
225. Elastic scattering in nuclear reaction implies, conservation of ________?
a) K.E & momentum
b) K.E & P.E
c) K.E
d) None of these.

The end
Nuclear Physics Multiple Choice Questions
PSI Physics Name:________________________

1. An unknown chemical element is presented by the following formula: 𝐴𝑍𝑋. What is the name of index Z?
A. Atomic mass number B. Atomic number C. Principle quantum number
D. Orbital quantum number E. Magnetic quantum number

2. An unknown chemical element is presented by the following formula: 𝐴𝑍𝑋. What is the name of index A?
A. Atomic mass number B. Atomic number C. Principle quantum number
D. Orbital quantum number E. Magnetic quantum number

3. The atomic number is equivalent to which of the following?

A. The number of neutrons in the atom. B. The number of protons in the atom.
C. The number of nucleons in the atom. D. The number of 𝛼–particles in the atom.
E. None of the above

4. The atomic mass number is equivalent to which of the following?

A. The number of neutrons in the atom. B. The number of protons in the atom.
C. The number of nucleons in the atom D. The number of 𝛼–particles in the atom.
E. None of the above

5. Which of the following particles has the smallest mass?

A. Proton B. Electron C. Neutron D. Nucleus E. Nucleon

6. Which of the following statements about the mass of an atom is true?

A. It is evenly divided between the protons and the orbiting electrons.
B. It is evenly divided between the nucleons and the orbiting electrons.
C. It is concentrated in the electron cloud.
D. It is concentrated in the nucleus.
E. It is evenly divided between protons, neutrons and orbiting electrons.

7. Which of the following is correct for the number of neutrons in the nucleus?
A. N = A –Z B. N = Z – A C. N = Z +A D. N = Z E. N = A

8. How many electrons are in the 126𝐶 atom?

A. 12 B. 6 C. 18 D. 3 E. 9

9. How many nucleons are in the 20

10𝑁𝑒 atom?
A. 12 B. 30 C. 18 D. 10 E. 20

23
10. How many neutrons are in the 11𝑁𝑎 atom?
A. 12 B. 11 C. 18 D. 24 E. 9
11. How many protons are in the 147𝑁 atom?
A. 14 B. 6 C. 7 D. 10 E. 9

12. What law did Ernest Rutherford use to estimate the size of the nucleus?
A. Conservation of nucleon number
B. Conservation of angular momentum
C. Conservation of linear momentum
D. Conservation of energy
E. Conservation of charge

13. Why are nuclear energy levels more complex than electron energy levels?
A. Nuclear energy levels depend only on attractive forces.
B. Nuclear energy levels depend on attractive and repulsive forces.
C. Nuclear energy levels are an order of one hundred times as great as electron energy levels.
D. Electron energy levels depend on the interaction between neutrons and electrons.
E. Electron energy levels have greater energy than the nuclear energy levels.

14. Which of the following about the nuclear force is true?

A. It is an attractive force between electrons and protons in an atom.
B. It is an attractive force between electrons and neutrons in an atom.
C. It is much weaker than the electromagnetic force.
D. It is much weaker than the gravitational force.
E. It is a strong, short-range, attractive force between the nucleons.

15. What force is responsible for the radioactive decay of the nucleus?
A. Gravitational force
B. Weak Nuclear force
C. Strong Nuclear force
D. Electromagnetic force

16. Isotopes of an element:

A. have the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons.
B. have the same number of protons and neutrons, but a different number of electrons.
C. have different number of protons.
D. have different number of electrons.
E. have the same number of neutrons and protons.

17. Binding energy is:

A. the amount of energy required to break a nucleus apart into protons and neutrons.
B. the amount of energy required to break a nucleus apart into protons and electrons.
C. the amount of energy required to break a nucleus apart into electrons and neutrons.
D. the amount of energy released when neutrons change energy levels.
E. the amount of energy released when protons change energy levels.
18. If mH is the atomic mass of Hydrogen, mn is the mass of a neutron, and M is the atomic mass of the atom,
which of the following is the mass defect formula?
A. Δm = Z·mH + N·mn – M B. Δm = Z·mH + N·mn + M C. Δm = Z·mH – N·mn – M
D. Δm = Z·mH – N·mn + M E. Δm = M– Z·mH – N·mn

19. When nucleons form a stable nucleus, binding energy is:

A. created from nothing . B. destroyed into nothing.
C. transformed into visible light. D. absorbed as high energy photons or particles.
E. released as high energy photons or particles.

20. When a nucleus is divided into its constituents, energy is:

A. created from nothing. B. destroyed into nothing.
C. transformed into visible light. D. absorbed by the nucleus which then breaks it apart.
E. released by the nucleus as it breaks apart.

21. An isotope with a high Binding Energy per nucleon:

A. will decay in a short period of time. B. is very unstable.
C. is very stable . D. has very few electrons.
E. has more protons than neutrons.

22. Why do heavier nuclei have a greater ratio of neutrons to protons than lighter nuclei?
A. to add more nucleons so that the binding energy is greater.
B. to provide a greater weak nuclear force.
C. to provide more attractive electromagnetic force.
D. to provide more attractive strong nuclear force to balance the repulsive electromagnetic force.
E. to provide more repulsive strong nuclear force to balance the attractive electromagnetic force.

23. Which of the following is the alpha particle?

A. +10𝑒 B. −10𝑒 C. 10𝑛 D. 11𝐻 E. 42𝐻𝑒

24. Which of the following is the 𝛽 − particle?

A. +10𝑒 B. −10𝑒 C. 10𝑛 D. 11𝐻 E. 42𝐻𝑒

25. Which of the following is the 𝛽 + particle?

A. +10𝑒 B. −10𝑒 C. 10𝑛 D. 11𝐻 E. 42𝐻𝑒

26. Which of the following about the gamma ray is true?

A. It carries a positive charge. B. It carries a negative charge.
C. It can be deflected by a magnetic field. D. It can be deflected by an electric field.
E. It has zero rest mass and a neutral charge.

27. Which type of radiation is stopped by a sheet of paper?

A. alpha particle B. beta particle C. Gamma ray
D. X-ray E. Ultraviolet radiation
28. What is the missing element from the following equation 226 4
88𝑅𝑎→? + 2𝐻𝑒?
A. 230
86𝑅𝑛 B. 220
86𝑅𝑛 C. 228
86𝑅𝑛 D. 222
86𝑅𝑛 E. 224
86𝑅𝑛

29. What is the missing element from the following equation 146𝐶 →? + −10𝑒?
A. 137𝑁 B. 126𝐶 C. 178𝑂 D. 168𝑂 E. 147𝑁

30. A 100 g sample of a radioactive element has a half-life of 5 days. How many grams of radioactive material
will remain after 15 days?
A. 100 g B. 50 g C. 25 g D. 12.5 g E. 0 g

31. A reaction that releases more energy than is put into it is called:
A. endothermic B. exothermic C. nuclear
D. chemical E. radioactivity

141
32. The following reaction: 10𝑛 + 235 92 1
92𝑈→ 56𝐵𝑎 + 36𝐾𝑟 +3 0𝑛 is called:
A. Fusion B. Fission C. alpha decay D. beta decay E. gamma decay

33. The following reaction: 21𝐻 + 31𝐻→ 42𝐻𝑒+ 10𝑛 is called:

A. Fusion B. Fission C. alpha decay D. beta decay E. gamma decay
Answer Guide

1. B
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. D
7. A
8. B
9. E
10. A
11. C
12. D
13. B
14. E
15. B
16. A
17. A
18. A
19. E
20. D
21. C
22. D
23. E
24. B
25. A
26. E
27. C
28. D
29. E
30. C
31. B
32. B
33. A
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Nuclear Physics II McQs.
1: A reaction with negative Q-value is called ________ reaction.

a) Endoergic b) exoergic c) exothermic d) none e) Endothermic

2: a+X → Y+b, In this equation if “Y” and “b” are in there ground state after scattering then it is
called as:

a) Scattering b) Inelastic scattering c) accelerator

d) Projectile e) Elastic scattering

3. X(n, ϒ)Y is________ reaction.

a) Direct b) pickup c) stripping d) Compound e) capture

4. Angular distribution of emitted particles is not independent of________.

a) Exist channel b) Exit channel c) both a & b d)channel e) entrance channel

5. Threshold energy may be expressed via

a) P:E of reaction b) K.E value of reaction c) a &b

d) direct reaction e) Q-value of reaction

6. For exoergic reaction q-value is:

a) Direct b) negative c) inverse d) constant e) Positive

7. The excited state of compound nucleus has a definite mean life time before it decays by any
mode of__________.

a) Excitation b) re-excitation c) reaction d) both a& b e) De-excitation

8. Each excited state is characterized by

a) Magic numbers b) magnetic numbers c) shell numbers

d) both b & c e) Quantum numbers

9. Collective model emphasize the coherent behavior of all the

a) protons b) nucleus c) electrons d) nuterons e) Nucleons

10. For a short range potential there exists

a) Quasi-bound b) virtual single particle state c) negative potential

d) Coulombs potential e) a & b

11. The projectile can be momentarily trapped in_______ of the excited state.

a) Above b) below c) three d) four e) one

12. A traveling wave moving in a potential, wave function is:

a)Ψkx b) Φkx c) Ψx d) Ψx y e) Ψίkx

13. We need neutron source for_______.

a) To start fusion b) To start reaction c) To start emission

d) To start Absorption e) To start fission

14. Year in second, 1 yr=?

a) 5.34×10-2s b) 6.626 × 10–34js c) 1.38 × 10–23jk–1

d) 3.00 × 108ms–1 e) 3.16 × 107s

15. Within the nucleus protons and neutrons are bound together through

a) Attractive forces b) repulsive forces c) short range forces

d) long range forces e) nuclear forces

16. Spiraling of an accelerating electron into the nucleus with progressive loss of energy is
defect of?

a) Thomson model b) Bohr Model c) James Chadwick

d) None e) Rutherford model

17. Magnetic moment of neutron is?

a)3.19us b)1.91us c)-4.91us d)-1.18us e) -1.91us

18. Radio isotope is a__________ source of neutron.

a) Common b) Strong c) Opposite d) same e) Weak

19. Application of Fission and Fusion reactions are:

a) Strong b) Opposite c) Different d) None e) Same

20. Radium polonium can be used for

a) Emission b) β-particle c) absorption d) γ-particle e) α-particle

21. Which material is used as a neutron moderator in nuclear reactors?

a) Carbon b) silicone c) cadmium d) potassium e) Graphite

22. The detection process is such that a neutron interact with the nuclide to produce_______.

a) Charged particle b) primary charged particle c) chemically charged particle

d) both b& c e) secondary charged particle

23. In which film neutron is absorbed?

a) Non Reactive b) chemically active c) both a& b

d) chemically inactive e) Reactive

24. The resultant output signals at the anode is in the form of measurable pulses for each group
of?

a) Phonon b) neutron c) Protons d) electron e) Photons

25. Thermal neutrons are more susceptible to propagate a nuclear chain of

a) Boron b) uranium c) uranium-238

d) carbon e) uranium-235

26. The medium that reduces speed of fast neutrons without capturing any neutron while
passing through it is called_______.

a) Condenser b) common source c) neutron source d) detector e) moderator

27. Neutrons can be slow down if they are in_____ with surrounding material.

a) Chemical - equilibrium b) equilibrium c) non-equilibrium

d) none of these e) Thermal - equilibrium

28. When the neutrons are in thermal equilibrium then they have the_____distribution of
energies.

(a) Different b) un equal c) zero d) Opposite e) same

29. The ionization chamber is the simplest detector used for;
a) Scintillator b) Fana factor c) Radioactive contamination
d) None. e) Gas filled radiation

30. Common pair of fragments of U-235 fission is:

a) Stronsium and cerium b) Boron and cadmium c) carbon and cadmium

d) boron and xenon e) xenon and Stronsium
1. The atomic mass unit is defined as ---

a. the mass of a proton. b. the mass of an electron. c. the mass of a hydrogen-1 atom d. one
twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom

2. An element with atomic mass number of 14 and atomic number 6 has how many neutrons-- Ans:b

a.6 b.8 c.14 d.20

3. Isotopes of an element have nuclei with

a. the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons. b. the same number of protons,
and the same number of neutrons. c. a different number of protons, and a different number of
neutrons. d. a different number of protons, and the same number of neutrons.

4. If an atom's atomic number is given by Z, its atomic mass by A, and its neutron number by N, which of
the following is correct--

a. N = A + Z b. N = Z - A c. N = A – Z d. None of the above is correct

5. In a {93/41}Nb nucleus, the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons is--

a. 41, 52, 93 b. 41, 52, 52 c. 41, 52, 41 d. 41, 52, 0

6. The binding energy per nucleon--

a. increases steadily as we go to heavier elements b. decreases steadily as we go to heavier

elements c. is approximately constant throughout the periodic table, except for very light nuclei.
d. has a maximum near iron in the periodic table.

7. An alpha particle is also known as---

a. an electron. b. a positron c. a helium nucleus. d. a photon.

8. A beta particle is also known as--

a. an electron. b. a positron. c. a helium nucleus. d. a photon.

9. The existence of the neutrino was postulated in order to explain---

a. alpha decay b. gamma emission c. beta decay. d. fission.

10. When an alpha particle is emitted from an unstable nucleus, the atomic mass number of the
nucleus---

a. increases by 2. b. decreases by 2 c. increases by 4 d. decreases by 4

11. If 4.0*1018 atoms decay with a half-life of 2.3 years, how many are remaining after 3.7 years?---

a. 2.5X1018 b. 1.7X1018

c. 1.3X1018 d. 1.1X1018
12. A radioactive sample has a half-life of 5.0 min. What fraction of the sample is left after 20 min?---

a. 1/2 b. 1/4 c. 1/8 d. 1/16

13. The half-life of radioactive iodine-137 is 8.0 days. How many iodine nuclei are necessary to produce
an activity of 1.0 micro-Ci?

a. 2.9X109 b. 4.6X109 c. 3.7X1010 d. 7.6X1012

14. What happens to the half-life of a radioactive substance as it decays?---

a. It remains constant. b. It increases. c. It decreases. d. It could do any of these.

15. The mass of {90/38}Sr is 89.907737 u and the mass of the atom its beta decays to is 89.907151 u.
What is the energy released in the decay?---

a. 1.2 MeV b. 112 keV c. 0.546 MeV d. 1.8 MeV

16. During fusion of hydrogen into helium---

a. Energy is absorbed b. Energy is released c. Mass is increased due to energy absorption d. Mass
is reduced due to the energy released

17. The quantity which is not conserved in a nuclear reaction is

a. momentum b. charge c. mass d. none of these

18. A radioactive nucleus emits a beta particle. The parent and daughter nuclei are---

a. isotopes b. isotones c. isomers d. isobars

19. An electron emitted in beta radiation originates from---

a. inner orbits of atom b. free electrons existing in the nuclei c. decay of a neutron in a nuclei d.
photon escaping from the nucleus

20. In nuclear reactors, the control rods are made of----

a. cadmium b. graphite c. krypton d. plutonium

1. The nuclear reactions are affected by:

a. temperature b. pressure c. catalyst d. -none

2. In chemical reactions … are involved.

a. protons b. neutrons c. electrons d. nucleons

3. The amount of energy released or absorbed during nuclear reaction is known as..
a. Q-value b. Q-energy c. Threshold energy d. excitation energy

4. The minimum excitation energy required for reaction to occur is known..

a.Threshold energy b. Critical energy c. Q-value d. both a & b

5. A reaction with +ve q-value corresponds to exothermic reaction. Which is true for this?

a. Final energy greater than initial energy b. Final energy less than initial energy c. Final energy
is equal to initial energy d. depends upon situation

6. The critical energy depends on the..

a. nuclear structure b. nuclear energy c. catalyst d. pressure

7. In High Energy reactions the rearrangements of … take place.

a. neutrons b. quarks c. protons d. nucleons

8. Energy involved in low energy reactions..

a. less than 1 MeV b. 1 – 10 MeV c. 10- 100 MeV d. 100- 1000 MeV

9. A typical nuclear reaction is: + → + , If both Y and b are in ground states after scattering then
the reactions is called..

a. elastic scattering b. inelastic scattering c. knock-out reactions d. nuclear scattering

10. Different mechanism are distinguishedable, because of

a. out-going particles b. energies involved c. participation of atoms d. all of these

MCQs for Summative Examination (60% of Course Content)

1. If nucleus interact with each other without changing the nature of any nuclide, the process is

a. elastic scattering b. nuclear scattering c. knock-out reaction d. inelastic scattering

2. The energy released in a nuclear reaction can appear as:

a. K.E of products b. Emission of Gamma- rays c. Metastablestate d. All of these

3. First artificial transmutation was made by … in 1919

a. Bohr b. Rutherford c. Chadwick d. Newton

4. Mean life of a compound nucleus

a. 10-23 10-22 b. 10-22 10-20 c. 10-22 10-21 d. 10-24 10-25

5. Compound nucleus model is good for explaining nuclear reactions in

a. Low energy target b. low energy projectile c. high energy target d. high energy projectile

6. Angular momentum “l” is zero for…subshell.

a. f b. d c. p d. s

7. In Breit-Wigner formula, a decreasing amplitude means that the transmitted particle is being

a. absorbed b. scattered c. knocked out d. none of these

8. Mass of the neutron mn ..

a. 1.6 x 10-19 kg b. 1.675 x 10-27 kg c. 1.673 x 10-27 kg d. 9.11 x 10-31 kg

9. Which one is not small neutron source?

a. Photo fission b. neutron generator c. Radioisotope source – (α,n) reactions d. Radioisotope source
– (γ,n) reactions

10. In spallation sources, the reaction occur at certain threshold of incident particles that is:
a. 50 - 150 MeV b. 5 - 15 MeV c. 51 - 151 MeV d. 55 - 155 MeV

11. Which term explains the sequence of events taking place during certain reaction?

a. fission b. fusion c. spallation d. photo fission

12. Energetic electrons when slow down in a heavy target, and due to deceleration heavy gamma rays
are emitted, this process is known as:

a. Bremsstrahlung b. spallation c. nuclear scattering d. nuclear fission

13. Which nuclear source can be turned off?

a. alpha, neutron source b. fusion generator c. fission generator d. photo nuclear

14. The purpose of quench gas in nuclear detector for ionization:

a. controls it b. boosts it c. doesn’t effectd. generate neutrons

15. In proportional counters, the incident neutron, if scattered by a hydrogen nucleus, produces a
recoil..

a. neutron b. proton c. electron d. gamma rays

16. Example of scintillators

a. Fast neutron detection b. Thermal neutron detection c. Proportional counters d.

Silicon Diode Based Detector

17. Which nuclear source is expensive?

a. alpha, neutron source b. fusion generator c. fission generator d. photo nuclear

18. Scintillation detected by:

a. ionization track b. dynode c. photocathode d. photomultiplier

19. In semiconductors detectors, pure crystals of … are used.

a. silicon b. sodium c. potassium d. dimond

20. Value of Boltzmann constant kB

a.1.3807 x 10 23 J · K -1 b. 13.807 x 10 -23 J · K -1 c. 1.3807 x 10-29 J · K -1 d.

1.3807 x 10 23 J-1 K -1

1. Bohor Magneton has value _________.?

a. 9.27×10-24 JT-1

b. 9.27× 10-21 JT-1

c. 1.91×10-19 JT-1

d. None of these

One atomic mass unit is _________ MeV.?

939.566

938.272

931.502

None of these

Neutron being neutral has mass _______ than proton?

Greater

Less

Equal

None of these

Neutron was discovered by the ___________ in 1932.?

Rutherford

J.J Thompson

James Chadwick

None of them

According to the Walther Both and Herber Becker, If the alpha particles are bombarded on
beryllium , boron or lithium,_________ rays are produced.
 Beta rays

Gamma rays

Light rays

d) Both a & c

The spin possessed by the neutron is _________?

+1/4

+1/2

-1/2

-1/4

Neutron sources are classified into _______ types.

None of these

Fusion and nuclear reactions are categorized under _________ sources.

Large neutron

Medium neutron

Small neutron

d)None of these

Photo fission is termed under the ________ source.

Large neutron

Medium neutron

Small neutron

None of these

Uranium 235 undergoes fission with the thermal neutrons, results into _________ neutrons?

1
 None of these

The by product of the DT (Deuterium, tritium) fusion is free____________?

Electron

Proton

Neutron

None of these

The System in which two or more nuclides fuse together, with the emission of the energy is
known as ___________ system.

Fission

Fusion

Both a & b

None of these

In nuclear reactions, term “spallation” event applies to ________.

Random event

Sequential events

Spontaneous events

None of these

In nuclear reactions, spallation event occurs, when the wave length of the incident particles is
____________?

Equal to de-Broglie wavelength

Less than de-Broglie wavelength

Equal to diameter of nucleus

None of these

In case of bremsstrahlung/ photo fission ___________ are incident on the nucleus which results
into neutrons.

Electrons

Protons

Gamma rays

None of these

H_1^2+H_1^3 H_1^4 +______+ 17.6MeV

 2n

5n

3n

H_2^4+〖Be〗_4^9 ______ + ______+ 5.7MeV

C_6^12, 2n

C_6^13,n

C_6^12,n

None of these

While neutron detection, to control ionization , _________gas is employed.

Inert

Quenching

Chlorine

None of these

Moderators are employed to _____________ the neutrons.

Increase the speed of

decrease the speed of neutron

destruct the neutron

none of these

20. Sun and other stars, _____________ is the prominent event that occurs.

Nuclear fusion

Nuclear fission

Chemical reaction

None of these

Thermonuclear fusion reaction refers to the reactions that occur at __________ temperature
and are _____________ reactions.

High, controlled

High, uncontrolled

Low, controlled
 Low, uncontrolled

1. The state of the nucleus in the elastic scattering

a. Remains unchanged b. changes for short time c. changes permanently d.

sometimes, changes and not changes

2. The K.E at the exit channel in case of inelastic scattering would be___________ to the
entrance channel.

Greater b) less

C) equal d) both a & c

3. For reaction to occur, minimum excitation energy required is known as_______

a) knock out energy b) threshold energy

c) critical energy d) both b & c

4. Threshold energy may be expressed as_________ of reaction.

a) weak energy b) high energy

c) Q – value d) none of these

5. In case of endoergic reactions total mass of reactants is______ than products.

a) equal b) less

c)greater d) depend upon reaction conditions

6. Unit for nuclear cross section is __________ and is equals to_______.

a) kappa,10-28 kappa, b) barn,10-28 m2 barns

c)barn,10-26 m2 barns d) none, of these

7. Nuclear cross section area can be ________ than the actual size of the nucleus.

a) small b) large or greater

c) equal d) all of these

8. Nuclear model that best describes the coherent behavior of all nucleons is_______.

a) liquid drop model b) shell model

c) collective model d) all of these

9. For nuclear resonance the energy of the incident particle ________ to target nucleus.

a) equal b) greater

c)less d) both a & b

10. Virtual and bound energy states exists at __________ energy levels.

a) lower b) higher

c)intermediate d) both a & c

11. For elastic scattering _____________.

a) 〖Γ〗_a= - 〖Γ〗_b b) 〖Γ〗_a/〖Γ〗_b=1

c) 〖Γ〗_a/〖Γ〗_b = -1 d) 〖Γ〗_a=〖Γ〗_b

12. For inelastic cross-section___________

a) 〖Γ〗_a-〖Γ〗_b=1 b) 〖Γ〗_a-〖Γ〗_b= Γ

c) 〖Γ〗_b=Γ-〖Γ〗_a d) 〖Γ〗_b=Γ+〖Γ〗_a

1. Discrete peaks in energy spectra of nuclear reactions represent the.......reactions

a. Direct b. Indirect c. Compound d. Symmetrical

2. The type of reactions not affected by the Pressure, Catalyst and Concentration are
called……...reactions

a. Chemical b. Nuclear c. Physical d. Irreversible

3. The unit of nuclear cross section is

a. m3 b. Jm-1 c. Barn d. Watt

4. Faster the nuclear reaction, ………. will be the Q value

a. Positive b. Negative c. Infinity d. Zero

5. First particle accelerator for nuclear reactions was invented in

a. 1910 b. 1920 c. 1930 d. 1940

6. Interaction of nucleus with other nucleus/particle without changing the nature is

a. Scattering b. Transformation c. Nuclear reaction d. All of them

7. Synthetic elements are those with atomic number

a. < 92 b. > 92 c. = 92 d. = A

8. The formation stage of compound nucleus takes place in ……... seconds

a. 10-15 b. 10-17 c. 10-19 d. 10-21

9. For protons, deuterons and alpha particles, nuclear reaction is bit difficult due to their

a. Charge b. Mass c. Energy d. Speed

10. Transition of nucleons resulted in emission of

a. Alpha rays b. Beta rays c. Gamma rays d. X-rays

1. The minimum excitation energy required for reaction to occur is called … energy

a. Critical b. Threshold c. Potential d. Both a and b

2. The Q value for tertium-deuterium reaction is

a. 15.5 MeV b. 17.5 MeV c. 19.5 MeV d. 21.5 MeV

3. Level width is ……… related to the mean life time

a. Closely b. Directly c. Inversely d. Not

4. Positive parity means the reversed state looks ……. as the original state

a. Same b. Different c. Diverse d. Unlike

5. During fission of U235, the average kinetic energy per neutron is

a. 1 MeV b. 2 MeV c. 3 MeV d. 4 MeV

6. For chain reaction to continue, the multiplication factor (K) should be

a. K = 0 b. K = 1 c. K < 1 d. K >1

7. When U238 is bombarded with slow neutrons, it produces

a. 92U232 b. 92U234 c. 92U235 d. 92U239

8. If the energy of incident particle coincides with energy of any nuclear level, the phenomenon of ……….
occurs

a. Interference b. Resonance c. Scattering d. Overlapping

9. Breit-Wigner formula to access the energy distribution was proposed in

a. 1916 b. 1926 c. 1936 d. 1946

10. The potential depth of Shell Model is

a. 40 MeV b. 60 MeV c. 80 MeV d. 100 MeV

11. The materials used to decelerate fast moving neutrons is called

a. Coolant b. Moderator c. Controller d. Reactor

12. Large number of interactions for longer time, resulted in..............nuclear reactions

a. Abrupt b. Intermediate c. Direct d. Compound

13. If U-235 undergoes fission by thermal neutrons, it produces ……. neutrons on average

a. 2 b. 2.2 c. 2.3 d. 2.5

14. Which of the following will be a better shield against gamma rays?

a. Aluminum b. Lead c. Ordinary Water d. Heavy water

15. In a liquid metal fast breeder reactor, the type of uranium used is

a. 92U234 b. 92U235 c. 92U238 d. 92U239

16. The angular frequency of a cyclotron is independent of

a. Charge b. magnetic Field c. Mass d. Speed

17. 100 KV accelerator for deuterium can generate ……… neutrons per seconds

a. ~1011 b. ~1015 c. ~1020 d. ~1025

18. Direct detection is not possible in the case of ……… detection

a. Electron b. Proton c. Neutron d. Alpha

19. What is detected during positron emission tomography (PET)?

a. Positron b. Electron c. Neutron d. Photon

20. Normally Geiger-Muller counter uses potential different of

a. 500 V b. 1000 V c. 1500 V d. 2000 V

1. In Breitwigner formula when decay occurs the energy is once more concentrated in----particle

a.light particle b.single particle c. Both a & b d.Alpha particle

2. Energy conservation 1ev is?

a. 1.6x10-17 J b. 1.67x1019 J c. 1.6x10-19 JC-1 d. 1.6x10-19 J

33. The energy at which the resonance ----> continuum transition occurs depends upon A,,,for A is
approximately 20 is equal to?

a. 0.10Mev b. 10Gev c. 10Mev d. 100Kev

4. For low excitation of nucleus the enrgy levels are relatively......... and the cross section exibits
resonance?

a. spaced b. closely spaced c. well spaced d. overlap

5. The shell model has potential depth of?

a. 30Mev b. 40Mev c. 40Gev d. 4.0Mev

6. The optical model which is used to deal with scattering process when-----is involved

a. complex potential b. excitation c. absorption d. wavefunction

7. Breitwigner formula is the formation of many particles in.......state?

a. nuclear state b. excited state c. ground state d. compound state

8. The Q-value of Helium is ?.

a. 3.0160amu b. 4.0026amu c. 2.0141amu a.4.0266amu

9. The critical energy depends upon?

a. structure b. atomic structure c. nuclear structure d. Both b & c

10. Mean life of compound nuclei is?

a. 10-20S b. 10-22 S c. 10-12S d. 1022S

1. A travelling wave moving in a potential V then this plane wavefunction is written as

a. e -ikx b. e -i2kx c. eikx d. keix

2. when alpha particle fell on Boron then........was produced?

a.radioactive element a.radiation b.Helium nuclei c.None

3. according to becker the radiation was not influenced by...?

a.Radiation b.Magnetic field c.Electric field d.All

4. Magnetic moment of neutron is.?

a.2.79µs b. -1.91µs c.2.85µs d.5.48µs

5. U-235 indergoes fission with thermal neutrons & release energy..?

a.170ev b. 180Mev c.Triggers d.220ev

6. the bombardment of beryllium by α-particle leads the reaction?

a.exothermic b.endothermic c. neutral d.All

7.Neutron has mass but no charge so they can notproduces?

a.detection b.ionization c.polarisation d.None

8. Neutron are detected by?

a. interaction with proton b. Gama rays c. aInterection with nuclide d.

nucleons

9. In silicon diode base detectors under reverse Bias voltage, electron & holes drifted to produced....?

a. Integrated pulse b. Induced current c. voltage d. All

10. Gas detectors are efficient only for?

a. Low energy Neutron b. Thermal neutron c. Both a&b d.High energy

Neutron

11. The most common used Moderator is?

a. silicon b.germenium c.Light water d.Both a&b

12. The energy of scattered neutron depends on?

a. Nucleus b. Angle c.Neutron d.α-particles

13. In case of carbon maximum enegy lose is?

a. 160kev b. 180kev c. 155kev d.300kev

14. Fission products lose threir excess energy by?

a. Therrmal decay b. Absorption c. Radioactive decay d.Both a&c

15. Features of reactors are designed to control

a. Speed of reaction b. temp cBoth a&b. c. Fission reaction

16. Scintillation are detected by?

a. Light flash b. Detector material c. photometer d.photomultiplier

17.Gama rays ejected protons of high energy when fall on

a. Hydrogen compund b. positron c. paraffins d. Both a&c

18. The world first commercial scale power station is

a. Obninsk b. Calder hall c. Arcoo d. USSR

19. the conversion of hydrogen into helium the process is in?

a. Nuclear reactor b. Fission c. Fusion d. Accelerator

20. Which reaction is take place in sun & stars

a. Nuclear b. Fission c. spontanious d. Fussion

MCQ OF LECTURE 31-37
6 MCQ
1. In sun and other stars,_____________ is the prominent event that occurs.
a) Nuclear fusion
b) Nuclear fission
c) Chemical reaction
d) None of these
2. + + + Energy is ________reaction?

a) Nuclear fission
b) Nuclear fusion
c) Both a & b
d) None of these
3. In fusion event, the mass of combining nuclei is _______ than the mass of the iron in binding
energy curve.
a) Grater
b) Less
c) Equal
d) Both a and b
4. Thermonuclear fusion reaction refers to the reactions that occur at __________
temperature and are _____________ reactions.
a) High, controlled
b) High, uncontrolled
c) Low, controlled
d) Low, uncontrolled
5. The final product helium obtained in the sun is consequence of _________ chain reaction?
a) Neutron, Proton
b) Proton, proton
c) Neutron, neutron
d) Neutron, electron
6. Energy produced in comparison with energy consumed in smaller nuclei is greater in
___________ than in ____________?
a) Fusion , fission
b) Fission, fusion
c) Fission, thermofusion
d) None of these