JEE-Mathematics REFERRAL CODE : MCSIR

DIFFERENTIABILITY
1. MEANING OF DERIVATIVE :
The instantaneous rate of change of a function with respect to the dependent variable is called
derivative. Let ‘f’ be a given function of one variable and let Dx denote a number (positive or negative) to
be added to the number x. Let Df denote the corresponding change of ‘f’ then Df = f(x + Dx) – f(x)
Df f(x + Dx) - f(x)
= Þ
Dx Dx
If Df/Dx approaches a limit as Dx approaches zero, this limit is the derivative of ‘f’ at the point x. The
derivative of a function ‘f’ is a function ; this function is denoted by symbols such as
df d df(x)
f'(x), , f(x) or
dx dx dx
df Df f(x + Dx) - f(x)
Þ = lim = lim
dx Dx ® 0 Dx Dx ® 0 Dx
df(x)
The derivative evaluated at a point a, is written, f '(a), , f '(x) x =a , etc.
dx x =a
2. EXISTENCE OF DERIVATIVE AT x = a :

y
y=f(x)

Q
f(a + h)

f(a + h) – f(a) R
f(a–h)

f(a – h) – f(a)
P
f(a)

x
a–h a a+h
(h ® 0) (h ® 0)

(a) Right hand derivative :

The right hand derivative of f(x) at x = a denoted by Rf'(a) is defined as :
f(a + h) - f(a)
Rf ' (a) = Lim , provided the limit exists & is finite. (h > 0)
h ®0 h
(b) Left hand derivative :
The left hand derivative of f(x) at x = a denoted by Lf'(a) is defined as :
f(a - h) - f(a)
Lf ' (a) = Lim , provided the limit exists & is finite. (h > 0)
h ®0 -h
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Hence f(x) is said to be derivable or differentiable at x = a. If Rf ' (a) = Lf ' (a) = finite quantity

and it is denoted by f'(a); where f'(a) = Lf ' (a) = Rf ' (a) & it is called derivative or differential coefficient
of f(x) at x = a.
3. DIFFERENTIABILITY & CONTINUITY :
Theorem : If a function f(x) is derivable at x = a, then f(x) is continuous at x = a.
f(a + h) - f(a)
Proof : f '(a) = Lim exists.
h ®0 h
f(a + h) - f(a)
Also f(a + h) - f(a) = .h [h ¹ 0]
h
f(a + h) - f(a)
\ Lim [f(a + h) - f(a)] = Lim .h = f '(a).0 = 0
h ®0 h ®0 h
Þ Lim[f(a + h) - f(a)] = 0 Þ Lim f(a + h) = f(a) Þ f(x) is continuous at x = a.
h ®0 h ®0

Note :
Differentiable Þ Continuous ; Continuity Þ
/ Differentiable ; Not Differentiable Þ
/ Not Continuous
(i) But Not Continuous Þ Not Differentiable

(ii) All polynomial, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential function are continuous
and differentiable in their domains.
(iii) If f(x) & g(x) are differentiable at x = a, then the functions f(x) + g(x), f(x) – g(x), f(x). g(x) will
also be differentiable at x =a & if g(a) ¹ 0 then the function f(x)/g(x) will also be differentiable
at x = a.

ì
ïsgn(x) + x; -¥ < x < 0
ï
ï p
Illustration 1 : Let f(x) = í-1 + sin x;0 £ x < . Discuss the continuity & differentiability at
ï 2
ï p
ïîcos x; £x<¥
2

p
x=0 & .
2

ì
ï-1 + x; -¥ < x < 0
ï
ï p
Solution : f(x) = í-1 + sin x;0 £ x <
ï 2
ï p
ïîcos x; £x<¥
2
To check the differentiability at x = 0
f(0 - h) - f(0) -1 + 0 - h - (-1)
LHD = lim = lim =1
h ®0 -h h ® 0 -h
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f(0 + h) - f(0) -1 + sinh + 1

RHD = lim = lim =1
h ®0 h h ®0 h
Q LHD = RHD
\ Differentiable at x = 0.
Þ Continuous at x = 0.
p
To check the continuity at x =
2
LHL lim- f(x) = lim- ( -1 + sin x) = 0
p p
x® x®
2 2

RHL lim+ f(x) = lim+ cos x = 0

p p
x® x®
2 2

æpö
Q LHL = RHL = f ç ÷ = 0
è2ø
p
\ Continuous at x = .
2
p
To check the differentiability at x =
2
æp ö æpö
fç -h÷-fç ÷
è2 ø è 2 ø = lim -1 + cosh - 0 = 0
LHD = lim
h ®0 -h h ®0 -h
æp ö æpö
fç +h÷-fç ÷
è2 ø è 2 ø = lim - sinh - 0 = -1
RHD = lim
h ®0 h h ®0 h
Q LHD ¹ RHD
p
\ not differentiable at x = .
2
ìA + Bx 2 x <1
Illustration 2 : If f(x) = í
î3Ax - B + 2 x ³ 1
then find A and B so that f(x) become differentiable at x = 1.
f(1 + h) - f(1) 3A(1 + h) - B + 2 - 3A + B - 2 3Ah
Solution : Rf ' (1) = lim = lim = lim = 3A
h ®0 h h ®0 h h ® 0 h
f(1 - h) - f(1) A + B(1 - h)2 - 3A + B - 2 (-2A + 2B - 2) + Bh 2 - 2Bh
Lf ' (1) = lim -h
= lim = lim
h ®0 h ®0 -h h ®0 -h
hence for this limit to be defined
– 2A + 2B – 2 = 0
B=A+1
Lf ' (1) = lim
h ®0
– (Bh – 2B) = 2B

\ Lf ' (1) = Rf ' (1)

3A = 2B = 2(A + 1)
A = 2, B = 3
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ì[cos px] x £ 1
Illustration 3 : f(x) = í comment on the derivability at x =1, where [ ] denotes greatest
î 2{x} - 1 x > 1
integer function & { } denotes fractional part function.

f(1 - h) - f(1) [cos( p - ph)] + 1 -1 + 1

Solution : Lf ' (1) = lim = lim = lim =0
h ®0 -h h ® 0 -h h ® 0 -h

f(1 + h) - f(1) 2{1 + h} - 1 + 1 2h

Rf ' (1) = lim = lim = lim =2
h ®0 h h ®0 h h ®0 h

Hence f(x) is not differentiable at x = 1.

DPP-1 :

1. A function is defined as follows :

ìï x 3 ; x 2 < 1
f(x) = í discuss the continuity and differentiability at x = 1.
ïî x ; x ³ 1
2

ïìax + b, for 0 £ x £ 1
3

2. If f(x) = í -1
be the differentiable function in [0, 2], then find a
ïî2 cos px + tan x, for 1 < x £ 2

and b. (where [.] denotes the greatest integer function)

3. Check whether derivative exists at indicated points
(a) f(x) = (x + 1)1/3 at x = –1
(b) f(x) = 3|x – 1| at x = 1
(c) f(x) = [x + 1] at x = 0
(where [.] denotes the greatest integer function)

ïì ln x for x ³ e
2

4. If f(x) = í 2 is differentiable on ¡ then find value of a and b.

ïîax + b for x < e

ìï x , x £1
5. If f(x) = í 2 then find the values of b and c if f(x) is differentiable at x = 1
ïîx + bx + c , x > 1

ïìx 3 - 1 ; 1 < x < ¥

6. Discuss differentiability of f(x) = í at x = 1
ïî x - 1 ; -¥ < x £ 1

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4. IMPORTANT NOTE :

(a) Let Rf ' (a) = p & Lf ' (a) = q where p & q are finite then :
(i) p = q Þ f is differentiable at x = a Þ f is continuous at x = a
(ii) p¹qÞ f is not differentiable at x = a, but f is continuous at x = a.

Illustration 4 : Determine the values of x for which the following functions fails to be continuous or differen-

ì(1 - x), x <1

ï
tiable f(x) = í(1 - x)(2 - x), 1 £ x £ 2 , Justify your answer.
ï(3 - x), x>2
î
Solution : By the given definition it is clear that the function f is continuous and differentiable at all points
except possibily at x = 1 and x = 2.
Check the differentiability at x = 1
f(1 - h) - f(1) 1 - (1 - h) - 0
q = LHD = lim = lim = -1
h ®0 -h h ® 0 -h
f(1 + h) - f(1) {1 - (1 + h)}{2 - (1 + h)} - 0
p = RHD = lim = lim = -1
h ®0 h h ®0 h
Q q = p \ Differentiable at x = 1. Þ Continuous at x = 1.
Check the differentiability at x = 2
f(2 - h) - f(2) (1 - 2 + h)(2 - 2 + h) - 0
q = LHD = lim = lim = 1 = finite
h ®0 -h h ®0 -h
f(2 + h) - f(2) (3 - 2 - h) - 0
p = RHD = lim = lim ® ¥ (not finite)
h ®0 h h ® 0 h
Q q¹p \ not differentiable at x = 2.
Now we have to check the continuity at x = 2
LHL = xlim f(x) = lim- (1 - x)(2 - x) = lim(1 - (2 - h))(2 - (2 - h)) = 0
® 2- x ®2 h ®0

RHL = xlim f(x) = lim+ (3 - x) = lim(3 - (2 + h)) = 1

® 2+ x ®2 h ®0

\ LHL ¹ RHL
Þ not continuous at x = 2.

DPP - 2 :
1. Let ƒ(x) = (x – 1) |x – 1|. Discuss the continuity and differentiability of f(x) at x = 1.
ìp
ïï 4 + tan x,| x | £1
–1

2. The function f(x) = í . Discuss the continuity and differentiability of f(x) :

ï 1 (| x | –1),| x |> 1
ïî 2
3. Which of the following functions is differentiable at x = 0 ?
(A) cos(|x|) + |x| (B) cos(|x|) – |x| (C) sin(|x|) + |x| (D) sin(|x|) – |x|

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(b) Vertical tangent :

(i) If y = f(x) is continuous at x = a and lim f '(x) approaches

x ®a

to ¥, then y = f(x) has a vertical tangent at x = a. If a function

has vertical tangent at x = a then it is non differentiable at
x = a. y
f(x)=x1/3

e.g. (1) f(x) = x1/3 has vertical tangent at x = 0

x
o

since f+'(0) ® ¥ and f–'(0) ® ¥ hence f(x) is not

differentiable at x = 0
y
(2) g(x) = x2/3 have vertical tangent at x = 0
2/3
g(x) = x
since g+'(0) ® ¥ and g–'(0) ® -¥ hence g(x) is
x
not differentiable at x = 0. o

(c) Geometrical interpretation of differentiability :

(i) If the function y = f(x) is differentiable at x = a, then a unique non vertical tangent can be
drawn to the curve y = f(x) at the point P(a, f(a)) & f'(a) represent the slope of the tangent
at point P.

(ii) If a function f(x) does not have a unique tangent (p & q are finite but unequal), then f is
continuous at x = a, it geometrically implies a corner at x = a.

e.g. f(x) = |x| is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0 & there is corner at x = 0.

y
f(x)=|x| p =1
(does not have unique tangent, corner at x = 0)
q = -1
o x

(iii) If one of p & q tends to ¥ and other tends to –¥, then their will be a cusp at x = a. Where p

= Rf ' (a) and q = Lf ' (a)

e.g. (1) f(x) = |x|1/3 is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0 & there is cusp at x = 0.
y

1/3
f(x)=|x| p ® +¥
(has a vertical tangent, cusp at x = 0)
q ® -¥
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(2) f(x) = x1/3 is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0 because Rf'(0) ® ¥ and
Lf'(0) ® ¥. p ® +¥
y
f(x)=x1/3 q ® +¥

o
x (have a unique vertical tangent but does not have corner)

Note : corner/cusp/vertical tangent Þ non differentiable

non differentiable Þ
/ corner/cusp/vertical tangent

ì x -3 x<0
Illustration 5 : If f(x) = í 2 . Draw the graph of the function & discuss the continuity and
îx - 3x + 2 x ³ 0
differentiability of f ( x ) and f(x) .

ì| x | -3; | x |< 0 ® not possible y=f(|x|)

Solution : f(| x |) = í 2
î|x| - 3 | x | +2; | x | ³ 0
2
ìï x + 3x + 2, x < 0
2

f(| x |) = í 2 x
ïî x - 3x + 2, x ³ 0 –2 –1 0 1 2

at x = 0
f(0 - h) - f(0) h 2 - 3h + 2 - 2
q = LHD = lim = lim =3
h ®0 -h h ®0 -h
f(0 + h) - f(0) h 2 - 3h + 2 - 2
p = RHD = lim = lim = -3
h ®0 h h ®0 h
Q q¹p
\ not differentiable at x = 0. but p & q are both are finite
Þ continuous at x = 0
y
ì3 - x , x<0 3 y=|f(x)|
ï 2
ï(x - 3x + 2) , 0 £ x <1 2
Now, | f(x) |= í 2
ï-(x - 3x + 2) , 1£ x £2 x
ï(x 2 - 3x + 2) , O 1 2
î x>2
To check differentiability at x = 0
f(0 - h) - f(0) 3+ h -2 (1 + h)
q = LHD = lim = lim = lim ® -¥
h ®0 -h h ®0 -h h ®0 -h
Þ not differentiable at x = 0.
f(0 + h) - f(0) h - 3h + 2 - 2
2
p = RHD = lim = lim = -3
h ®0 h h ® 0 h
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Now to check continuity at x = 0

LHL = xlim0- f(x) = xlim0 - 3 - x = 3
® ®
Þ not continuous at x = 0.
RHL = xlim +
f(x) = lim+ x 2 - 3x + 2 = 2
®0 x ®0

To check differentiability at x = 1
f(1 - h) - f(1)
q = LHD = lim
h ®0 -h
(1 - h)2 - 3(1 - h) + 2 - 0 h2 + h
= lim = lim = -1
h ®0 -h h ®0 -h
f(1 + h) - f(1) -(h 2 + 2h + 1 - 3 + 3h + 2) - 0 -(h 2 - h)
p = RHD = lim = lim = lim =1
h ®0 h h ®0 h h ®0 h
Þ not differentiable at x = 1.
but |f(x)| is continous at x = 1, because p ¹ q and both are finite.
To check differentiability at x = 2
f(2 - h) - f(2)
q = LHD = lim
h ®0 -h
-(4 + h 2 - 4h - 6 + 3h + 2) - 0 h2 - h
= lim = lim = -1
h ®0 -h h ®0 h
f(2 + h) - f(2) (h 2 + 4h + 4 - 6 - 3h + 2) - 0 (h 2 + h)
p = RHD = lim = lim = lim =1
h ®0 h h ®0 h h ®0 h
Þ not differentiable at x = 2.
but |f(x)| is continous at x = 2, because p ¹ q and both are finite.

DPP - 3 :
ì-4 ; -4 < x < 0
1. Let f(x) = í 2
îx - 4; 0 £ x < 4
Discuss the continuity and differentiablity of g(x) = |f(x)|.
2. Let f(x) = min {|x – 1|, |x + 1|, 1}. Find the number of points where it is not differentiable.
3. Consider function f(x) = min {tanx, cotx} in (0, 2p). Number of points where f is either fails to be
derivable is 'm' and number of points where it is discontinuous is 'n'. Find (m, n)
4. Let f(x) = max {2sinx, 1 – cosx} " x Î (0, p). Discuss differentiability of f(x)
5. Let f(x) = max {1 – x, 1 + x, 2}. Discuss differentiability of f(x)

5. DIFFERENTIABILITY OVER AN INTERVAL :

(a) f(x) is said to be differentiable over an open interval (a, b) if it is differentiable at each & every point
of the open interval (a, b).
(b) f(x) is said to be differentiable over the closed interval [a, b] if :
(i) f(x) is differentiable in (a, b) &
(ii) for the points a and b, f'(a+) & f'(b–) exist.
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ìe -|x| , -5 < x < 0

ï -|x -1| -1
Illustration 6 : If f(x) = í-e + e + 1, 0 £ x < 2
ïe -|x -2| , 2£x<4
î

Discuss the continuity and differentiability of f(x) in the interval (–5, 4).

ì e +x -5 < x < 0
ï x -1 -1
ï -e + e + 1 0 £ x £ 1
Solution : ƒ(x) = í - x +1 -1
ï -e + e +1 1 < x < 2
ïî e - x +2
2£x<4

Check the differentiability at x = 0

ƒ(0 - h) - ƒ(0) e -h - 1
LHD = lim = lim =1
h ®0 -h h ®0 -h

ƒ(0 + h) - ƒ(0) -e h -1 + e -1 + 1 - 1
RHD = lim = lim = - e -1
h ®0 h h ®0 h
Q LHD ¹ RHD
\ Not differentiable at x = 0, but continuous at x = 0 since LHD and RHD both are finite.
Check the differentiability at x = 1

ƒ(1 - h) - ƒ(1) -e1- h -1 + e -1 + 1 - e -1

LHD = lim = lim = -1
h ®0 -h h ®0 -h

ƒ(1 + h) - ƒ(1) -e1- h -1 + e -1 + 1 - e -1

RHD = lim = lim =1
h 0 ® h h ®0 h
Q LHD ¹ RHD
\ Not differentiable at x = 1, but continuous at x = 1 since LHD and RHD both are finite.
Check the differentiability at x = 2

ƒ(2 - h) - ƒ(2) -e -2+ h +1 + e -1 + 1 - 1 -e -1 (e h - 1)

LHD = lim = lim = lim = e -1
h ®0 -h h ®0 -h h ®0 -h

ƒ(2 + h) - ƒ(2) e- h - 1
RHD = lim = lim = -1
h ®0 h h ®0 h
Q LHD ¹ RHD
\ Not differentiable at x = 2, but continuous at x = 2 since LHD & RHD both are finite.

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Note :
(i) If f(x) is differentiable at x = a & g(x) is not differentiable at x = a, then the product function
F(x) = f(x).g(x) can still be differentiable at x = a.

e.g. Consider f(x) = x & g(x) = |x|. f is differentiable at x = 0 & g is non-differentiable at

x = 0, but f(x).g(x) is still differentiable at x = 0.

(ii) If f(x) & g(x) both are not differentiable at x = a then the product function; F(x) = f(x).g(x) can still
be differentiable at x = a.

e.g. Consider f(x) = |x| & g(x) = –|x|. f & g are both non differentiable at x = 0, but f(x).g(x) still
differentiable at x = 0.

(iii) If f(x) & g(x) both are non-differentiable at x = a then the sum function F(x) = f(x) + g(x) may be a
differentiable function.

e.g. f(x) = |x| & g(x) = –|x|. f & g are both non differentiable at x = 0, but (f+g)(x) still
differentiable at x = 0.

(iv) If f(x) is differentiable at x = a Þ

/ f'(x) is continuous at x = a.

é 2 1
ê x sin x if x ¹ 0
e.g. f(x) = ê
êë 0 if x = 0

DPP - 4 :
5p
1. Let f(x) = max {sinx, 1/2}, where 0 £ x £ . Find the number of points where it is not differentiable.
2
ì[x] ; 0 < x £ 2
2. Let f(x) = í , where [.] denotes greatest integer function.
î2x - 2 ;2 < x < 3
(a) Find that points at which continuity and differentiability should be checked.
(b) Discuss the continuity & differentiability of f(x) in the interval (0, 3).
ìï 1 - 4x 2 , 0 £ x < 1
3. Let f(x) = í 2 check the differentiability in (0, 2) where [ ] denotes greatest
ïî[ x - 2x ] , 1 £ x < 2
integer function.
4. Discuss the differentiability of f(x) = |[x] x| in x Î (–1, 2] where [ ] denotes greatest integer function.
ì 1 , -¥ < x < 0
ï p
ïï 1 + sin x , 0£x<
5. Let f(x) = í 2 .
ï 2
ï2 + æç x - p ö÷ ,
p
£x<¥
ïî è 2ø 2
p
Discuss continuity and differentiability at x = 0 and x =
2
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6. DET ER MINATI ON OF FU NCT I ON WHI CH S AT IS FY IN G TH E GI VE N

FUNCTIONAL EQUATION :

Illustration 7 : Let f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) – 2xy – 1 for all x and y. If f'(0) exists and f'(0) = –sina, then find
f{f'(0)}.

f(x + h) - f(x)
Solution : f '(x) = lim
h ®0 h

{f(x) + f(h) - 2xh - 1} - f(x)

= lim (Using the given relation)
h ®0 h

f(h) - 1 f(h) - f(0)

= lim - 2x + lim = -2x + lim
h ®0 h ®0 h h ®0 h

[Putting x = 0 = y in the given relation we find f(0) = f(0) + f(0) + 0 – 1 Þ f(0) = 1]

\ f'(x) = –2x + f'(0) = –2x – sina
Þ f(x) = –x2 – (sina). x + c
f(0) = – 0 – 0 + c Þ c=1
\ f(x) = –x 2 – (sina). x + 1
So, f{f'(0)} = f(–sina) = –sin2a + sin2a + 1
\ f{f'(0)} = 1.

Do yourself - 5 :

1. A function f : ¡ ® ¡ satisfies the equation f(x + y) = f(x).f(y) for all x, y Î ¡, f(x) ¹ 0.

Suppose that the function is differentiable everywhere and f'(0) = 2. Prove that f'(x) = 2f(x).
2. Suppose f is a derivable function that satisfies the equation f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) + x2y + xy2 for

f (x)
all real numbers x and y. Where lim = 1 then find
x ®0 x

(a) f(0) (b) f ¢ (0) (c) f ¢ (x)

3. A function f : R ® (0, ¥) satisfies the equation f(x + y) = f(x) . f(y). If f(x) ¹ 0 for any x, is
differentiable on R and f ¢ (0) = 2 then find f(x)

æ x + y ö f ( x ) + f ( y)
4. A function f : R ® R satisfies the condition f ç ÷= (k ¹ 0, 2). If f(x) is
è k ø k

differentiable on R and f ¢ (0) = m then find f(x)

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Miscellaneous Illustrations :

Illustration 8 : Discuss the continuity and differentiability of the function y = f(x) defined parametrically ;
x = 2t – |t – 1| and y = 2t2 + t|t|.
Solution : Here x = 2t – |t – 1| and y = 2t2 + t|t|.
Now when t < 0;

1
x = 2t – {–(t – 1)} = 3t – 1 and y = 2t2 – t2 = t2 Þ y = (x + 1) 2
9
when 0 £ t < 1
1
x = 2t – (–(t – 1)) = 3t – 1 and y = 2t2 + t2 = 3t2 Þ y = (x + 1) 2
3
when t ³ 1;
x = 2t – (t – 1) = t + 1 and y = 2t2 + t2 = 3t2 Þ y = 3(x – 1)2
ì1
ï 9 (x + 1) , x < -1
2

ï
ï1
Thus, y = f(x) = í (x + 1) , -1 £ x < 2
2

ï3
ï3(x - 1)2 , x³2
ï
î
We have to check differentiability at x = –1 and 2.
Differentiability at x = –1;

1
(-1 - h + 1)2 - 0
f( -1 - h) - f( -1)
LHD = f-' (-1) = lim = lim 9 =0
h ®0 -h h ®0 -h
1
(-1 + h + 1)2 - 0
f( -1 + h) - f( -1)
RHD = f+' (-1) = lim = lim 3 =0
h ®0 h h ®0 -h
Hence f(x) is differentiable at x = –1.
Þ continuous at x = –1.
To check differentiability at x = 2 ;

1
( 2 - h + 1) - 3
2
3 ( 2 + h - 1) - 3
2

LHD = f-' (2) = lim 3 '

= 2 & RHD = f+ (2) = lim =6
h ®0 -h h ®0 h
Hence f(x) is not differentiable at x = 2.
But continuous at x = 2, because LHD & RHD both are finite.
\ f(x) is continuous for all x and differentiable for all x, except x = 2.

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Abhyas - 1
Straight Objective Type
1. Let ƒ(x) = [tan2x], (where [.] denotes greatest integer function). Then -
(A) lim
x ®0
ƒ(x) does not exist (B) ƒ(x) is continuous at x = 0.
(C) ƒ(x) is not differentiable at x = 0 (D) ƒ'(0) = 1

ƒ(h) - ƒ ( -2h )
2. Let ƒ be differentiable at x = 0 and ƒ'(0) = 1. Then lim =
h ®0 h
(A) 3 (B) 2 (C) 1 (D) –1

é3x 2 - 4 x + 1 for x < 1

3. Let g(x) = ê .
ë ax + b for x ³ 1
If g(x) is continuous and differentiable at x = 1 then -
(A) a = b = 4 (B) a = b = – 4
(C) a = 4 and b = – 4 (D) a = – 4 and b = 4

4. If ƒ(x) ƒ(y) + 2 = ƒ(x) + ƒ(y) + ƒ(xy) and ƒ(1) = 2, ƒ'(1) = 2 then sgn ƒ(x) is equal to
(where sgn denotes signum function) -
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) –1 (D) 4

é x + b, x < 0
5. The function g(x) = ê can be made differentiable at x = 0 -
ë cos x, x ³ 0
(A) if b is equal to zero (B) if b is not equal to zero
(C) if b takes any real value (D) for no value of b

6. Which one of the following functions is continuous everywhere in its domain but has atleast one point
where it is not differentiable ?
|x|
(A) ƒ(x) = x1/3 (B) ƒ(x) = (C) ƒ(x) = e–x (D) ƒ(x) = tanx
x

7. If the right hand derivative of ƒ(x) = [x] tan px at x = 7 is kp, then k is equal to
([y] denotes greatest integer < y)
(A) 6 (B) 7 (C) –7 (D) 49

8. Let ƒ : ¡ ® ¡ be a continuous onto function satisfying ƒ(x) + ƒ(–x) = 0, " x Î ¡. If ƒ(–3) = 2 and
ƒ(5) = 4 in [–5, 5], then the equation ƒ(x) = 0 has -
(A) exactly three real roots (B) exactly two real roots
(C) atleast five real roots (D) atleast three real roots

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ì æ px ö
n

- ÷ + ( px + 2 )
2
ï ax(x 1) ç cot
è 4 ø
ïïlim , x Î (0,1) È (1, 2)
9. Let ƒ(x) = ín ®¥ æ px ö
n

ï ç cot ÷ +1
è 4 ø
ï
ïî 0 , x =1

If ƒ(x) is differentiable for all xÎ(0,2) then (a2 + p2) equals -

(A) 18 (B) 20 (C) 22 (D) 24

10. If 2x + 3|y| = 4y, then y as a function of x i.e. y = ƒ(x), is -

(A) discontinuous at one point
(B) non differentiable at one point
(C) discontinuous & non differentiable at same point
(D) continuous & differentiable everywhere

11. If ƒ(x) = (x5 + 1) |x2 – 4x – 5| + sin|x| + cos(|x – 1|), then ƒ(x) is not differentiable at -
(A) 2 points (B) 3 points (C) 4 points (D) zero points

ìï x3 + 2x 2 xΤ
12. Let ƒ(x) = í 3 , then the integral value of 'a' so that ƒ(x) is differentiable at
îï -x + 2x + ax x Î/ ¤
2

x = 1, is
(A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 7 (D) not possible

13. Let ¡ be the set of real numbers and ƒ : ¡ ® ¡, be a differentiable function such that
|ƒ(x) – ƒ(y)| < |x – y|3 " x, y Î ¡. If ƒ(10) = 100, then the value of ƒ(20) is equal to -
(A) 0 (B) 10 (C) 20 (D) 100

14. For what triplets of real numbers (a, b, c) with a ¹ 0 the function
é x x £1
f(x) = ê 2 is differentiable for all real x ?
ë ax + bx + c otherwise
(A) {(a, 1 – 2a, a) | a Î ¡, a ¹ 0} (B) {(a, 1 – 2a, c) | a, c Î ¡, a ¹ 0}
(C) {(a, b, c) | a, b, c Î ¡, a + b + c = 1} (D) {(a, 1 – 2a, 0) | a Î ¡, a ¹ 0}

15. Number of points of non-differentiability of the function

g(x) = [x2]{cos2 4x} + {x2}[cos2 4x] + x2 sin2 4x + [x2][cos2 4x] + {x2}{cos2 4x} in (–50, 50) where [x] and
{x} denotes the greatest integer function and fractional part function of x respectively, is equal to :-
(A) 98 (B) 99 (C) 100 (D) 0

16. Let f(x) = [n + p sin x], x Î (0, p), n Î ¢ and p is a prime number. The number of points where f(x)
is not differentiable is :-
Here [x] denotes greatest integer function.
(A) p – 1 (B) p + 1 (C) 2p + 1 (D) 2p – 1

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17. The function f(x) = (x2 – 1) | x2 – 3x + 2 | + cos (|x|) is NOT differentiable at :

(A) –1 (B) 0 (C) 1 (D) 2

ìax + bx 2 ; x <1
18. Let ƒ(x) = í be continuous and differentiable everywhere, then a & b are -
î4ax - 2b + 1 ; x ³ 1

1 2 3 4
(A) , -1 (B) ,1 (C) ,1 (D) , -1
3 3 2 3

ìï e x + x 3 + 1 ; x > 0
2

19. If ƒ(x) = í 2 is differentiable at x = 0, then -

ïîax + bx + 2 ; x £ 0
(A) a Î R & b = 0 (B) a Î R & b = 1 (C) a Î R & b = 2 (D) a Î R & b = 3
20. If ƒ(x) = [sinx] + sin x - [sin x] , where [.] denotes greatest integer function, then ƒ(x) is -

p p
(A) differentiable at x = & x = p both (B) differentiable at x = but not at x = p
2 2
p p
(C) differentiable at x = p but not at x = (D) neither differentiable at x = p nor at x =
2 2

ìïsin -1 x + a cos px -1 < x < 0

21. If ƒ(x) = í -1
ïî b cos x + sin px 0 £ x < 1
is differentiable in (–1, 1), then (2a + b) is equal to -
(A) p 2 (B) 1 + p2 (C) 1 – p2 (D) p2 – 1

ì ae ax x£0
22. If ƒ(x) = í 2
îx + 4x + 2b x > 0
& g(x) = sin|bx + a – 2| both are differentiable at x = 0, then g(x) is non differentiable at x is equal to -
p
(A) p (B) –4 (C) (D) 4
4
23. An even function ƒ(x), differentiable " x Î R satisfies the condition ƒ(x – y) = ƒ(x) + ƒ(y) – 4xy – 1 and
ƒ'(0) = 0 then ƒ(x) is
(A) x2 (B) x4 + 1 (C) 2x2 + 1 (D) 2x4 + 1
24. Number of points at which the function ƒ(x) = |cos |x|| + cos–1sgnx + |lnx| is not differentiable in (0,2p) is-
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

æ p ö
ç sin [x + 3] + sin p[x + 3] ÷
25. If [x] denotes the integral part of x and ƒ(x) = [x] çç ÷÷ then -
è 3 + [x] ø
(A) ƒ(x) is continuous on R (B) ƒ(x) is continuous but not differentiable on R
(C) ƒ'(x) exists " x Î R (D) ƒ(x) is discontinuous for all integral points in R
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Abhyas - 2
Multiple Correct Answer Type

1. If ƒ(x) = x ( x - x + 1 ) , then -
(A) Rƒ'(0) exist (B) L ƒ'(0) exist but R ƒ'(0) does not exist

(C) xlim
®0+
ƒ(x) exist (D) ƒ(x) is differentiable at x = 0.

é| x - 3 |, x ³ 1
2. The function ƒ(x) = êêæ x 2 ö æ 3x ö æ 13 ö is -
ç ÷ - ç ÷ + ç ÷, x < 1
êëè 4 ø è 2 ø è 4 ø

(A) continuous at x = 1 (B) differentiable at x = 1

(C) continuous at x = 3 (D) differentiable at x = 3

3. Select the correct statements -

é 2x 2 + 3 for x £1
(A) The function ƒ defined by ƒ(x) = ê is neither differentiable nor continuous at x = 1.
ë 3x + 2 for x >1
(B) The function ƒ(x) = x2|x| is twice differentiable at x = 0.

(C) If ƒ is continuous at x = 5 and ƒ(5) = 2 then lim ƒ(4x 2 - 11) exists

x ®2

(D) If lim ( ƒ(x) + g(x) ) = 2 and lim ( ƒ(x) - g(x) ) = 1 then lim ƒ(x).g(x) need not exist.
x ®a x ®a x ®a

4. If ƒ(x) = sgn(x5), then which of the following is/are false (where sgn denotes signum function) -
(A) f+'(0) = 1
(B) f–'(0) = –1
(C) ƒ is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0
(D) ƒ is discontinuous at x = 0

5. Graph of ƒ(x) is shown in adjacent figure, then y

(A) ƒ(x) has non removable discontinuity at two points 2
(B) ƒ(x) is non differentiable at three points in its domain 1

(C) lim ƒ(ƒ(x)) = 1 x

0 1 2 3 4 5
x ®1

(D) Number of points of discontinuity = number of points of non-differentiability

6. Let S denotes the set of all points where 5

x 2 | x |3 - 3 x 2 | x | - 1 is not differentiable then S is a subset of -
(A) {0, 1} (B) {0, 1, –1} (C) {0, 1} (D) {0}

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7. Which of the following statements is/are correct ?

(A) There exist a function ƒ : [0,1] ® ¡ which is discontinuous at every point in [0,1] & |ƒ(x)| is continuous
at every point in [0,1]
(B) Let F(x) = ƒ(x). g(x) . If ƒ(x) is differentiable at x = a ,ƒ(a) = 0 and g(x) is continuous at x = a then F(x)
is always differentiable at x = a.

(C) If Rf ' (a) = 2 & Lf ' (a) = 3, then ƒ(x) is non-differentiable at x = a but will be always continuous at x = a
(D) If ƒ(a) and ƒ(b) possess opposite signs then there must exist at least one solution of the equation
ƒ(x) = 0 in (a,b) provided ƒ is continuous on [a, b]

8. Let ƒ : ¡ ® ¡ be a function. Define g : ¡ ® ¡ by g(x) = |ƒ(x)| for all x. Then which of the following
is/are not always true-
(A) If ƒ is continuous then g is also continuous (B) If ƒ is one-one then g is also one-one
(C) If ƒ is onto then g is also onto (D) If ƒ is differentiable then g is also differentiable

9. The function f(x) = [| x | - sin | x |] (where [.] denotes greater integer function) is -
(A) derivable at x = 0 (B) continuous at x = 0
(C) lim f(x) does not exists (D) continuous and derivable at x = 0
x ®0

ì 2 1
ïx cos x , x < 0
ï
10. Let f(x) = í 0 , x = 0 , then which of the following is (are) correct ?
ï 1
ï x 2 sin , x > 0
î x
(A) f(x) is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0 (B) f(x) is continuous and differentiable at x = 0
(C) f'(x) is continuous but not differentiable at x = 0 (D) f ' (x) is discontinuous at x = 0

ìïa + sin ( sin x ) ; x ³ 0

11. ƒ(x) = í is differentiable at x = 0, then -
ïîln(cos x) + bx; x < 0
(A) a = 1 (B) b = 0 (C) a = 0 (D) b = 1
12. Let ƒ(x + y) + ƒ(x – y) = 2ƒ(x) " x, y Î R, then which of the following is/are be correct (ƒ(0) = 0 &
ƒ is differentiable " x Î R)
(A) ƒ must be odd (B) ƒ must be even (C) ƒ'(1) = ƒ'(2) (D) ƒ'(2) = ƒ'(3) = ƒ'(4)
é 1 - x , (0 £ x £ 1)
ê
13. Let f(x) = ê x + 2 , (1 < x < 2) . Then in 0 £ x £ 4 function y = f(f(x)) is
êë 4 - x , (2 £ x £ 4)
(A) continuous at x = 1
(B) not differentiable at x = 1
(C) continuous and differentiable at x = 2
(D) continuous but not differentiable at x = 3

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14. A function ƒ(x) = max(sinx, cos x, 1 – cosx) is not derivable for some x Î [0,2p] which may lie in the
interval-

é pö é 3p ö ép ö é 3p ö
(A) ê 0, ÷ (B) ê p, ÷ (C) ê , p ÷ (D) ê , 2p ÷
ë 2ø ë 2 ø ë2 ø ë2 ø

é ax 2 - b if x <1
15. If f(x) = êê 1 is derivable at x = 1, then
- if x ³1
êë x

(A) a + b = 2 (B) a + 3b = 5 (C) a + 2b = 3 (D) b – a = 1

é a x + 2, 0 < x < 2
16. Let g(x) = ê . If g(x) is derivable on (0, 5), then (2a + b) is greater than or equal to
ë bx + 2, 2 £ x < 5
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

ìc ( tan -1 ( ax + b ) ) x < 0
ï
17. If ƒ(x) = í 1 - cos ( cx ) , ƒ(0) = 0, (c ¹ 0) is differentiable at x = 0 and a + b + c < 4,
ï x > 0
î x
then a can be
1 1
(A) (B) (C) 1 (D) 4
6 2
18. Let ƒ(x) = min{cosx, |x|} is non differentiable at x = a, b & g, where a < b < g, then which of the following
can be true -

(A) ƒ '( g + ) = - 1 - g 2 (B) ƒ'(b – ) = 1

(C) ƒ'(a+) = –1 (D) ƒ'(b+) = –1

æ xö
1 - cos ç 1 - cos ÷
è 2ø
19. If lim is equal to the left hand derivative of e–|x| at x = 0, then the value of |n + 2m|
x ®0 2m x n
is divisible by
(A) 2 (B) 3 (C) 5 (D) 7

ì -2 x ; x£0
ï
20. Consider the function ƒ(x) = í x - k ; 0 < x < 1 . If the function is continuous " x Î R, then
ï-(x - 1) 2 ; x ³1
î
which of the following holds true ?
(A) Range of ƒ(x) is (–¥,0] (B) ƒ(x) = 0 has exactly one root
(C) function is non-derivable at x = 0 & x = 1 (D) ƒ(x) is bounded function
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Abhyas - 3
Linked Comprehension Type
Paragraph for Question 1 and 2

ì 1 if [x] = even
A new function tignum (x) (i.e. tgn(x)) is defined such that tgn (x) = í , where [.]
î-1 if [x] = odd
denotes greatest integer function. Let ƒ(x) = tgn(x) sin(x) |x|.
On the basis of above information, answer the following questions :
1. Then number of points in [0, 10] where ƒ(x) is discontinuous is -
(A) 8 (B) 9 (C) 10 (D) 11
2. Then number of points in [–10,10] where ƒ(x) is non- derivable is -
(A) 18 (B) 19 (C) 20 (D) 21
Paragraph for Question 3 and 4

ì x 2 - 5x + 6 ; -2 £ x £ 4
ï
ï æ px ö
Consider the function ƒ(x) = ík - tan ç ÷ ; 4 < x £ 5 . Let ƒ1(x) = |ƒ(|x|)|.
ï è 4 ø
ï
î log10 (ax) ; 5 < x £ 10

On the basis of above information, answer the following questions :

3. If ƒ(x) is continuous in [–2,10] then -
(A) a = 2 (B) a = 4 (C) k = 2 (D) k = 4
4. If ƒ(x) is continuous in [–2,10], then the number of points, where ƒ1(x) is NOT differentiable, is -
(A) 9 (B) 8 (C) 7 (D) 5
Paragraph for Question 5 and 6

æ px ö
Consider ƒ(x) = [3x + 4] + |4x2 – 1|(2x2 + 3x –2) + sin ç ÷ in [–4,4]
è 2 ø
(where [.] denotes greatest integer function) is non-derivable
5. Number of points where f(x) is discontinuous is (are)
6. Number of points where f(x) is non derivable is (are)
Paragraph for Question 7 and 8

ì p
ïï min{sin x, cos x} ; - £x<0
2
Let ƒ(x) = í , then
ïmax{sin x, cos x}; 0 £ x £ p
ïî 2

7. Number of points where ƒ(x) is discontinuous and non differentiable is M & N respectively in æç - p , p ö÷ ,
è 2 2ø
then (M + N) is -
8. Number of solutions of equation 2ƒ(x) = 1 is -

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Matrix Match Type
9. List-I List-II
(P) If f(x) is derivable at x = 3 & f ' (3) = 2, (1) 0
f (3 + h 2 ) - f (3 - h 2 )
then Limit equals
h ®0 2h 2
(Q) Let f(x) be a function satisfying the condition (2) 1
f(–x) = f(x) for all real x. If f ' (0) exists, then its
value is equal to

é x
ê ,x ¹ 0
For the function f(x) = ê1 + e
1/ x
(R) (3) 2
êë 0, x = 0

the derivative from the left Lf '(0) equals

(S) The number of points at which the function (4) 3
f(x) = max. {a – x, a + x, b}, –¥ < x < ¥,
0 < a < b cannot be differentiable is

(A) (P) ® 3, (Q) ® 2, (R) ® 1, (S) ® 3 (B) (P) ® 4, (Q) ® 1, (R) ® 2, (S) ® 4
(C) (P) ® 3, (Q) ® 1, (R) ® 2, (S) ® 3 (D) (P) ® 2, (Q) ® 2, (R) ® 1, (S) ® 3

10. Given ƒ(x) = sgn(x2 – 4|x| + l) (where sgn(x) denotes signum fuction of x, l Î R)
In the column-I there are values of l and in the column-II there are number of points where ƒ(x) is
non-differentiable.
Column-I Column-II
(A) l = 0 (P) 0
(B) l = 4 (Q) 3
(C) l = 5 (R) 4
(D) l = 2 (S) 2

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Abhyas - 4
Numerical Grid Type

é x2
ê - for x £ 0
2
1. If the function f(x) defined as f(x) = ê is continuous but not derivable at x = 0 then
ê x n sin 1 for x > 0
êë x
sum of all non-negative integral value(s) of 'n' is

2. If f(x) = | x – 1 | . ([x] – [–x]), where [x] denotes greatest integer function, then the value of
( Rf ' (1) + Lf ' (1) ) is

é –1, –2 £ x £ 0
3. Let f(x) be defined in the interval [–2, 2] such that f(x) = ê & g(x) = f(| x |) + | f(x) |,
ë x - 1, 0 < x £ 2
then the number of points of non-differentiability of g(x) in (–2, 2) is

é 2x - 3 [x] for x ³ 1
ê
4. Let f(x) = ê px
sin for x < 1
êë 2
where [.] denotes the greatest integer function, then the number of points of non-differentiability of f(x)
in [0, 2] is

5. For any real number x, let [x] denote the largest integer less than or equal to x. Let f be a real valued
ì- x - [- x] if [x] is even
function defined on the interval [–3, 3] by f(x) = í
î x - [x] if [x] is odd
If L denotes the number of point of discontinuity and M denotes the number of points of non- derivability
of f(x), then find (L + M).

6. A derivable function f : ¡+ ® ¡ satisfies the condition f(x) – f(y) ³ ln (x/y) + x – y for every
100
æ1ö
x, y Î ¡+. If g denotes the derivative of f then compute the value of the sum å g ç ÷ .
n=1 è n ø

7. Let ƒ(x) = [[x] + {x2 }] + {[x2] + {x}}, then number of points where |ƒ(x)| is non-derivable in [–3, 3]
is equal to (where [.] denotes greatest integer function & {.} denotes fractional part function)
æ x + y ö ƒ(x) + ƒ(y) + ƒ(0)
8. If ƒ is a differentiable function such that ƒ ç ÷= , " x,y Î ¡ and
è 3 ø 3
ƒ'(0) = 2, then the slope of tangent to ƒ(x) at x = 7 is

ƒ(3 - sin x) - ƒ(3 + x)

9. Let ƒ(x) be a differentiable function such that lim = 8 , then |ƒ'(3)| is
x ®0 x

10. Let ƒ(x) be a differentiable function such that 2ƒ(x + y) + ƒ(x – y) = 3ƒ(x) + 3ƒ(y) + 2xy
" x, y Î ¡ & ƒ'(0) = 0, then ƒ(10) + ƒ'(10) is equal to

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JEE Main
1. Let f(x) = x x and g(x) = sin x. [AIEEE-2009]
Statement–1 : gof is differentiable at x = 0 and its derivative is continuous at that point.
Statement–2 : gof is twice differentiable at x = 0.
(1) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is false.
(2) Statement–1 is false, Statement–2 is true.
(3) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true; Statement–2 is a correct explanation for Statement–1.
(4) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true ; Statement–2 is not a correct explanation for statement–1.

x 2f (a) - a 2f (x)
2. If function f(x) is differentiable at x = a then lim [AIEEE-2011]
x ®a x -a
(1) 2a f(a) + a2 f'(a) (2) –a2 f' (a) (3) af(a) –a2 f'(a) (4) 2af(a) –a2 f'(a)

3. Consider the function,

f(x) = |x – 2| + |x – 5|, x Î R.
Statement–1 : f'(4) = 0.
Statement–2 : f is continuous in [2, 5], differentiable in (2, 5) and f(2) = f(5). [AIEEE 2012]
(1) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is false.
(2) Statement–1 is false, Statement–2 is true.
(3) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true ; Statement–2 is a correct explanation for Statement1.
(4) Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true ; Statement–2 is not a correct explanation for Statement1.

4. Let f(x) = x|x|, g(x) = sinx and h(x) = (gof)(x). Then [On-line 2014]
(1) h¢(x) is differentiable at x = 0
(2) h¢(x) is continuous at x = 0 but is not differentiable at x = 0
(3) h(x) is differentiable at x = 0 but h¢(x) is not continuous at x = 0
(4) h(x) is not differentiable at x = 0

ì æ 1ö
ïxsin ç ÷ , x ¹ 0
5. Let f, g: R ® R be two functions defined byf(x) = í è xø , and g(x) = xf(x) :-
ï0 ,x =0
î
Statement I : f is a continuous function at x = 0. [On-line 2014]
Statement II : g is a differentiable function at x = 0.
(1) Statement I is false and statement II is true
(2) Statement I is true and statement II is false
(3) Both statement I and II are true
(4) Both statements I and II are false

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6. Let f : R ® R be a function such that |f(x)| £ x2, for all x Î R. Then, at x = 0 , f is :

(1) Neither continuous nor differentiable [On-line 2014]
(2) differentiable but not continuous
(3) continuous as well as differentiable
(4) continuous but not differentiable

7. For x Î R, f(x) = |log2 – sinx| and g(x) = f(f(x)), then : [JEE(Main)-2016]

(1) g is differentiable at x = 0 and g'(0) = –sin(log2)
(2) g is not differentiable at x = 0
(3) g'(0) = cos(log2)
(4) g'(0) = –cos(log2)

8. Let S = {t Î R : f(x) = |x – p|·(e|x| – 1) sin|x| is not differentiable at t}. Then the set S is equal to :
[JEE(Main)-2018]
(1) {0} (2) {p} (3) {0, p} (4) f (an empty set)

3
9. Let f be a differentiable function from R to R such that f ( x ) - f ( y ) £ 2 x - y 2 , for all x, y Î R.

1
If f(0) = 1 then ò f ( x ) dx is equal to [JEE(Main)-2019]
2

1
(1) 0 (2) (3) 2 (4) 1
2

ïìmax{| x |,x }, | x |£ 2
2
10. Let f(x) = í . Let S be the set of points in the interval (–4,4) at which f is not
ïî8 - 2 | x |, 2 <| x |£ 4

differentiable. Then S : [JEE(Main)-2019]

(1) is an empty set (2) equals {–2, –1, 1, 2}
(3) equals {–2, –1, 0, 1, 2} (4) equals {–2, 2}

11. { }
Let f : (–1,1)®R be a function defined by f(x) = max - | x |, - 1 - x 2 . If K be the set of all points at which

f is not differentiable, then K has exactly : [JEE(Main)-2019]

(1) Three elements (2) One element (3) Five elements (4) Two elements

12. Let K be the set of all real values of x where the function f(x) = sin |x| – |x| + 2(x – p) cos |x| is not differentiable.
Then the set K is equal to :- [JEE(Main)-2019]
(1) {p} (2) {0} (3) f (an empty set) (4) {0, p}

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13. Let S be the set of all points in (–p,p) at which the function, f(x) = min {sinx, cosx} is not differentiable.
Then S is a subset of which of the following? [JEE(Main)-2019]

{
(1) -
3p p 3p p
,- , ,
4 4 4 4 } {
(2) -
3p p p 3p
,- , ,
4 2 2 4 } { p p p p
(3) - , - , ,
2 4 4 2 } { p
(4) - ,0,
4
p
4 }
14. Let ƒ(x) = 15 – |x – 10|; x Î R. Then the set of all values of x, at which the function, g(x) = ƒ(ƒ(x)) is
not differentiable, is : [JEE(Main)-2019]
(1) {5,10,15,20} (2) {10,15} (3) {5,10,15} (4) {10}

15. Let f : R ® R be differentiable at c Î R and f(c) = 0. If g(x) = |f(x)|, then at x = c, g is :

[JEE(Main)-2019]
(1) differentiable if f' (c) = 0 (2) not differentiable
(3) differentiable if f' (c) ¹ 0 (4) not differentiable if f'(c) = 0

16. Suppose a differentiable function f(x) satisfies the identity f(x + y) = f(x) + f(y) + xy2 + x2y, for all real
f(x)
x and y. If Lim = 1 , then f '(3) is equal to ________. [JEE(Main)-2020]
x®0 x

ì æ xö
ï3 ç 1 - ÷ if x £2
17. Let ƒ : R ® R be a function defined as ƒ ( x ) = í è 2 ø
ï 0 if x >2
î

Let g : R ® R be given by g(x) = ƒ(x + 2) – ƒ(x – 2). If n and m denote the number of points in R where
g is not continuous and not differentiable, respectively, then n + m is equal to _______.
[JEE(Main)-2021]
18. The number of points, where the function f : R ® R, f (x) = |x – 1| cos |x – 2| sin |x – 1| + (x – 3) |x2 – 5x + 4|,
is NOT differentiable, is : [JEE(Main)-2022]
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) 3 (D) 4

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JEE Advanced
1. Let ƒ : R ® R be a function such that
ƒ(x + y) = ƒ(x) + ƒ(y), " x, y Î R.
If ƒ(x) is differentiable at x = 0, then
(A) ƒ(x) is differentiable only in a finite interval containing zero
(B) ƒ(x) is continuous " x Î R
(C) ƒ'(x) is constant " x Î R
(D) ƒ(x) is differentiable except at finitely many points [JEE 2011, 4M]

ì p p
ï-x - 2 , x£-
2
ï
ï p
2. If ƒ(x) = í - cos x , - < x £ 0 then - [JEE 2011, 4M]
ï 2
ï x -1 , 0 < x £1
ï lnx , x >1
î
p
(A) ƒ(x) is continuous at x = - (B) ƒ(x) is not differentiable at x = 0
2
3
(C) ƒ(x) is differentiable at x = 1 (D) ƒ(x) is differentiable at x = -
2

ì 2 p
ï x cos , x¹0
3. Let ƒ(x) = í x , x Î IR, then ƒ is - [JEE 2012, 3M, –1M]
ï 0 , x=0
î
(A) differentiable both at x = 0 and at x = 2
(B) differentiable at x = 0 but not differentiable at x = 2
(C) not differentiable at x = 0 but differentiable at x = 2
(D) differentiable neither at x = 0 nor at x = 2

4. Let ƒ1 : ¡ ® ¡, ƒ2 : [0, ¥) ® ¡, ƒ3 : ¡ ® ¡ and ƒ4 : ¡ ® [0, ¥) be defined by

ì| x | if x < 0,
ƒ1(x) = í x
îe if x ³ 0;
ƒ2(x) = x2 ;
ìsin x if x < 0,
ƒ3(x) = í
î x if x³0

ì ƒ 2 (ƒ1 (x)) if x < 0,

and ƒ4(x) = í
îƒ 2 (ƒ1 (x)) - 1 if x ³ 0.

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List-I List-II
P. ƒ4 is 1. onto but not one-one
Q. ƒ3 is 2. neither continuous nor one-one
R. ƒ2oƒ1 is 3. differentiable but not one-one
S. ƒ2 is 4. continuous and one-one
Codes :
P Q R S
(A) 3 1 4 2
(B) 1 3 4 2
(C) 3 1 2 4
(D) 1 3 2 4 [JEE(Advanced)-2014, 3(–1)]

5. Let ƒ : ¡ ® ¡ and g : ¡ ® ¡ be respectively given by ƒ(x) = |x| + 1 and g(x) = x2 + 1. Define

ì max {ƒ ( x ) ,g ( x )} if x £ 0,
h : ¡ ® ¡ by h ( x ) = ïí
ïî min {ƒ ( x ) , g ( x )} if x > 0.

The number of points at which h(x) is not differentiable is [JEE(Advanced)-2014, 3]

6. Let a, b Î ¡ and ƒ : ¡ ® ¡ be defined by ƒ(x) = acos(|x3 – x|) + b|x|sin(|x3 + x|). Then ƒ is -

(A) differentiable at x = 0 if a = 0 and b = 1
(B) differentiable at x = 1 if a = 1 and b = 0
(C) NOT differentiable at x = 0 if a = 1 and b = 0
(D) NOT differentiable at x = 1 if a = 1 and b = 1 [JEE(Advanced)-2016, 4(–2)]

Let ƒ : éê - , 2 ùú ® ¡ and g : éê - , 2 ùú ® ¡ be function defined by ƒ(x) = [x 2 – 3] and

1 1
7.
ë 2 û ë 2 û
g(x) = |x| ƒ(x) + |4x – 7| ƒ(x), where [y] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to y
for y Î ¡. Then
é 1 ù
(A) ƒ is discontinuous exactly at three points in ê - , 2 ú
ë 2 û

(B) ƒ is discontinuous exactly at four points in éê - , 2 ùú

1
ë 2 û

(C) g is NOT differentiable exactly at four points in æç - , 2 ö÷

1
è 2 ø

(D) g is NOT differentiable exactly at five points in æç - 1 , 2 ö÷ [JEE(Advanced)-2016, 4(–2)]

è 2 ø

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8. Let ƒ : ¡ ® ¡ be a differentiable function with ƒ(0) = 1 and satisfying the equation

ƒ(x + y) = ƒ(x)ƒ'(y) + ƒ'(x)ƒ(y) for all x, y Î ¡.
Then, then value of loge(ƒ(4)) is _____ . [JEE(Advanced)-2018]

æ p pö æ p ö
9. Let f1 : ¡ ® ¡, f2 : ç – , ÷ ® ¡, f3 : ç –1, e 2 - 2 ÷ ® ¡ and f4 : ¡ ® ¡ be functions defined by
è 2 2ø ç ÷
è ø

æ 2 ö
(i) f1(x) = sin ç 1 - e - x ÷
è ø

ì | sin x |
ï -1 if x ¹ 0
(ii) f2(x) = í tan x , where the inverse trigonometric function tan–1x assumes values
ï1 if x = 0
î
æ p pö
in ç – , ÷ ,
è 2 2ø
(iii) f3(x) = [sin(loge(x + 2)], where for t Î ¡, [t] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal
to t,

ì 2 æ1ö
ïx sin ç ÷ if x ¹ 0
(iv) f4(x) = í èxø
ï 0 if x = 0
î
List-I List-II
P. The function f1 is 1. NOT continuous at x = 0
Q. The function f2 is 2. continuous at x = 0 and NOT
differentiable at x = 0
R. The function f3 is 3. differentiable at x = 0 and its derivative is NOT
continuous at x = 0
S. The function f4 is 4. differentiable at x = 0 and its derivative is continuous
at x = 0
The correct option is :
(A) P ® 2; Q ® 3, R ® 1; S ® 4
(B) P ® 4; Q ® 1; R ® 2; S ® 3
(C) P ® 4; Q ® 2, R ® 1; S ® 3
(D) P ® 2; Q ® 1; R ® 4; S ® 3 [JEE(Advanced)-2018]

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10. Let the function ƒ : ¡ ® ¡ be defined by ƒ(x) = x3 – x2 + (x – 1) sin x and let g : ¡ ® ¡ be

an arbitrary function. Let ƒg : ¡ ® ¡ be the product function defined by (ƒg) (x) = ƒ(x) g(x). Then
which of the following statements is/are TRUE ? [JEE(Advanced)-
2020]

(A) If g is continuous at x = 1, then ƒg is differentiable at x = 1

(B) If ƒg is differentiable at x = 1, then g is continuous at x = 1

(C) If g is differentiable at x = 1, then ƒg is differentiable at x = 1

(D) If ƒg is differentiable at x = 1, then g is differentiable at x = 1

11. Let the functions : (–1, 1) ® ¡ and g : (–1,1) ® (–1, 1) be defined by

ƒ(x) = |2x – 1| + |2x + 1| and g(x) = x – [x],

where [x] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to x. Let ƒog:(–1, 1) ® ¡ be the composite
function defined by (ƒog)(x) = ƒ(g(x)). Suppose c is the number of points in the interval (–1, 1) at which
ƒog is NOT continuous, and suppose d is the number of points in the interval (–1, 1) at which ƒog
is NOT differentiable. Then the value of c + d is _____ [JEE(Advanced)-2020]
DY0076
12. Let ƒ : ¡ ® ¡ and g : ¡ ® ¡ be functions satisfying ƒ(x + y) = ƒ(x) + ƒ(y) + ƒ(x)ƒ(y) and
ƒ(x) = xg(x) for all x, y Î ¡. If lim g(x) = 1 , then which of the following statements is/are TRUE ?
x ®0

(A) ƒ is differentiable at every x Î ¡ [JEE(Advanced)-2020]

(B) If g(0) = 1, then g is differentiable at every x Î ¡
(C) The derivative ƒ'(1) is equal to 1
(D) The derivative ƒ'(0) is equal to 1

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ANSWER KEY
DPP - 1
1 p 13
1. Continuous but not differentiable at x = 1 2. a = ,b = -
6 4 6
1
3. (a) DNE (b) DNE (c) DNE 4. a= , b =1
e2
5. b = –1, c = 1 6. f(x) is continuous at x = 1 but not differentiable at x = 1

DPP - 2
1. Continuous & differentiable at x = 1 2. continuous on R–{1} and differentiable on R – {–1, 1}.
3. (D)

DPP - 3
1. Continuous everywhere but not differentiable at x = 2 only

3
2. 5 3. (7, 3) 4. x = p – cos–1 5. Not differentiable at x = ±1
5

DPP - 4
1. 3 2. (a) 1 & 2 (b) Not continuous at x = 1 & 2 and not differentiable at x = 1 &
2. 1
3. f(x) is not differentiable at x = , 1 4. Non derivable at x = 0, 1, 2
2
5. Non derivable at x = 0, continuous at x = 0
p
derivable and continuous at x =
2

DPP - 5
x3
2. f (x) = x + 3. f(x) = e2x 4. f(x) = mx
3
Abhyas - 1

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. B A C B D A B D B B
Que. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. A D D A D D D B A B
Que. 21 22 23 24 25
Ans. D B C C D

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Abhyas - 2

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. A,C,D A,B,C B,C A,B,C B,C A,B,C,D A,B,C,D B,C,D A,B,D B,D
Que. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans. C,D A,C,D A,B A,C,D A,B,D A,B,C A,B,C A,C A,C A,B,C

Abhyas - 3

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ans. C B A,C A 24.00 25.00 3.00 0.00 C
A B C D
Q.10
Q S P R

Abhyas - 4

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 1 2 2 3 8 5150.00 1 2.00 4.00 120.00

JEE-MAIN
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. 1 4 4 2 3 3 3 4 4 3
Que. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Ans. 1 3 1 3 1 10 4 B

JEE-ADVANCED
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans. B,C A,B,C,D B D 3 A,B B,C 2 D A,C
Que. 11 12
Ans. 4.00 A,B,D

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