A Project Report On

“Artificial Intelligence”

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 Index
Sr. No. Content Page No.

1. Annexure I

2. Annexure II: Rationale

3. Aims/Benefits of the Micro Project

4. Course Outcome achieved

5. Literature Review

6. Actual Methodology Followed

7. Actual Resources Used

8. Output of the Micro Projects

9. Skill Developed / Learning outcome of the Micro

Project

10. Applications of the Micro Project

11. Annexure III

12. Annexure IV (Evaluation Sheet)

13. Log book

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 ANNEXURE I

Micro-Project Proposal

Title: “Prepare a Report on Artificial Intelligence”

1.0 Aim/Benifits of the Micro Project:
This micro-project helps us to easily explore concept of Emerging trends in electronics. It
also contributes to develop industry identified technologies like smart systems, Digital
factory and communication.
Benefits of such micro-projects are:
 Use the trending practices in Electronics fields.
 AI drives down the time taken to perform a task. It enables multi-tasking and eases
the workload for existing resources.
 AI enables the execution of hitherto complex tasks without significant cost outlays.
 AI operates 24x7 without interruption or breaks and has no downtime.
 AI augments the capabilities of differently abled individuals
 AI has mass market potential, it can be deployed across industries.
 AI facilitates decision-making by making the process faster and smarter

2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed:

C22636.a:-Suggest the relevant computing systems for specific type of application.
C22636.b:-Suggest the relevant components for the emerging applications.
C22636.c:-Suggest different telecom networks for given applications.
C22636.d:-Suggest the relevant IoT technologies for digital factory.
C22636.e:-Suggest the different electronics system for smart world.

Proposed Methodology:
1. As soon as we get the topic, the respective group members will sit together and
discuss regarding the micro project and we discussed the logic to be used for program.
2. The work of the project will be divided in such a way that each and every member of
our group can contribute equally.
3. Make draft copy of micro project proposal.
4. Take approval from teacher.
5. Make list of resources required information.
6. Prepare Micro Project Presentation.
7. Prepare Micro project report for submission
8. Later, draft copy will be made and shown to the respected course teacher.
9. Corrections will be done accordingly as per the suggestions given to us.
10. The final hard copy will be submitted.

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3.0 Action Plan:
Sr. No. Details of Activity Planned Start Planned Finish Name of
Date Date Responsible
Team Members
1 Formation of
groups
2 Select the topic
for micro project
3 Group Discussion
about the project
4 Allocate work to
each group
member
5 Detail study of
micro-project
6 Collect
information on
assigned topic
7 Prepare proposal
of micro-project
8 Present Project
proposal to
teacher
9 Correct the micro-
project suggested
by teacher
10 Actual
implementation of
micro-project
11 Prepare model or
report of micro-
project project
12 Micro-project
presentation
13 Correction in
Micro-project as
per suggestion by
teacher

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 14 Prepare draft
report of micro-
project
15 Correction in
Micro-project
report and
finalisation
16 Micro-project
submission

5.0 Resources Required:

Sr. No. Name of Resource/Material Specification Remark
1. Websites https://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/Artificial_intelligence
https://
www.javatpoint.com/
artificial-intelligence-tutorial
www.campusify.co.in

2. Video Links https://youtu.be/

0oRVLf16CMU
https://youtu.be/
eYmKC0oQtDE
https://youtu.be/-
qnMLjxJZm0

3. Books Life 3.0: Being Human in the

Age of Artificial Intelligence|
By- Swedish-
AmericancosmologistMax
Tegmark .

Name of Team Members with Roll No:

Sr. No. Name of Students Roll No.

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 ANNEXURE-II

Micro Project Report

“Prepare a Report on Artificial Intelligence”

1.0 Rationale:

Every Technology area is developing at an exponential rate. New applications are

coming up and it is mandatory for all technologists to be well versed in this
development to survive and provide satisfactory and quality services to the society and
industry. This course aims to prepare the diploma graduates to be conversant with such
emerging trends. The main areas in which such development are encompass Smart
systems, Digital factory and communication. The course gives an introduction of these
areas and helps the students to apply emerging trends
Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines, unlike the natural
intelligence displayed by humans and animals, which involves consciousness and
emotionality. The distinction between the former and the latter categories is often
revealed by the acronym chosen. 'Strong' AI is usually labelled asartificial general
intelligence(AGI) while attempts to emulate 'natural' intelligence have been called
artificial biological intelligence (ABI). Leading AI textbooks define the field as the
study of "intelligent agents": any device that perceives its environment and takes
actions that maximize its chance of successfully achieving its goals. Colloquially, the
term "artificial intelligence" is often used to describe machines that mimic "cognitive"
functions that humans associate with the human mind, such as "learning" and
"problem solving".

Benefits of such micro-projects are

 Use the trending practices in Electronics fields.
 AI drives down the time taken to perform a task. It enables multi-tasking and eases
the workload for existing resources.
 AI enables the execution of hitherto complex tasks without significant cost outlays.
 AI operates 24x7 without interruption or breaks and has no downtime.
 AI augments the capabilities of differently abled individuals.
 AI has mass market potential, it can be deployed across industries.
 AI facilitates decision-making by making the process faster and smarter.
2.0 Aims of the Micro-project:

a. To search and collect information.

b. To arrange information in proper sequence.
c. To collect information on wireless technologies.

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 d. To work in a team and as an individual.
e. To present information effectively

3.0 Course Outcomes Achieved:

C22636.a:-Suggest the relevant computing systems for specific type of application.
C22636.b:-Suggest the relevant components for the emerging applications.
C22636.c:-Suggest different telecom networks for given applications.
C22636.d:-Suggest the relevant IoT technologies for digital factory.
C22636.e:-Suggest the different electronics system for smart world.

4.0 Literature Review:

Information Links-

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_intelligence

https://www.javatpoint.com/artificial-intelligence-tutorial

www.campusify.co.in

Video Links-

https://youtu.be/0oRVLf16CMU

https://youtu.be/eYmKC0oQtDE

https://youtu.be/-qnMLjxJZm0

Books:

Sr. No Title of Book Author

1 Life 3.0: Being Human in the Age of By- Swedish-
Artificial Intelligence AmericancosmologistMax
Tegmark .

5.0 Actual Methodology Followed:

1. Collected information regarding micro-project.

2. Selectedcontents of our interest from collected data.
3. Rearranged contents sequentiallyregarding topic.
4. Prepared Chart/poster or Power point presentation.
5. Prepared detailed micro-project report.
6. Made corrections as per suggestions.
7. Presented Chart/poster or Power point presentation.
8. Submitted final copy of micro-project and report.

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6.0 Output of Micro-Project:

Prepare a report on Artificial Intelligence

Introduction:

Artificial intelligence is the ability of machines to perform certain tasks, which

need the intelligence showcased by humans and animals. This definition is often
ascribed to Marvin Minsky and John McCarthy from the 1950s, who were also
known as the fathers of the field.Artificial intelligence allows machines to
understand and achieve specific goals. AI includes machine learning via deep
learning. The former refers to machines automatically learning from existing
data without being assisted by human beings. Deep learning allows the machine
to absorb huge amounts of unstructured data such as text, images, and
audio.Any AI system must be able to have some of the following characteristics:
Observation, analytical ability, problem solving, learning, etc.

History of Artificial Intelligence:

Artificial Intelligence is not a new word and not a new technology for
researchers. This technology is much older than you would imagine. Even there
are the myths of Mechanical men in Ancient Greek and Egyptian Myths.
Following are some milestones in the history of AI which defines the journey
from the AI generation to till date development.

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Maturation of Artificial Intelligence (1943-1952)

 Year 1943: The first work which is now recognized as AI was done
by Warren McCulloch and Walter pits in 1943. They proposed a
model of artificial neurons.
 Year 1949: Donald Hebb demonstrated an updating rule for
modifying the connection strength between neurons. His rule is now
called Hebbian learning.
 Year 1950: The Alan Turing who was an English mathematician and
pioneered Machine learning in 1950. Alan Turing
publishes "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" in which he
proposed a test. The test can check the machine's ability to exhibit
intelligent behaviour equivalent to human intelligence, called
a Turing test.

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The birth of Artificial Intelligence (1952-1956)
 Year 1955: An Allen Newell and Herbert A. Simon created the "first
artificial intelligence program “Which was named as "Logic
Theorist". This program had proved 38 of 52 Mathematics theorems,
and find new and more elegant proofs for some theorems.
 Year 1956: The word "Artificial Intelligence" first adopted by
American Computer scientist John McCarthy at the Dartmouth
Conference. For the first time, AI coined as an academic field.
 At that time high-level computer languages such as FORTRAN, LISP,
or COBOL were invented. And the enthusiasm for AI was very high at
that time.
 The golden years-Early enthusiasm (1956-1974)
 Year 1966: The researchers emphasized developing algorithms which
can solve mathematical problems. Joseph Weizenbaum created the
first chatbot in 1966, which was named as ELIZA.
 Year 1972: The first intelligent humanoid robot was built in Japan
which was named as WABOT-1.
 The first AI winter (1974-1980)
 The duration between years 1974 to 1980 was the first AI winter
duration. AI winter refers to the time period where computer scientist
dealt with a severe shortage of funding from government for AI
researches.
 During AI winters, an interest of publicity on artificial intelligence
was decreased.
 A boom of AI (1980-1987)
 Year 1980: After AI winter duration, AI came back with "Expert
System". Expert systems were programmed that emulate the decision-
making ability of a human expert.
 In the Year 1980, the first national conference of the American
Association of Artificial Intelligence was held at Stanford University.

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The second AI winter (1987-1993)
 The duration between the years 1987 to 1993 was the second AI
Winter duration.
 Again Investors and government stopped in funding for AI research as
due to high cost but not efficient result. The expert system such as
XCON was very cost effective.

The emergence of intelligent agents (1993-2011)

 Year 1997: In the year 1997, IBM Deep Blue beats world chess
champion, Gary Kasparov, and became the first computer to beat a
world chess champion.
 Year 2002: for the first time, AI entered the home in the form of
Roomba, a vacuum cleaner.
 Year 2006: AI came in the Business world till the year 2006.
Companies like Facebook, Twitter, and Netflix also started using AI.

Deep learning, big data and artificial general intelligence

(2011-present)
 Year 2011: In the year 2011, IBM's Watson won jeopardy, a quiz show, where it
had to solve the complex questions as well as riddles. Watson had proved that it
could understand natural language and can solve tricky questions quickly.
 Year 2012: Google has launched an Android app feature "Google now", which
was able to provide information to the user as a prediction.
 Year 2014: In the year 2014, Chatbot "Eugene Goostman" won a competition in
the infamous "Turing test."
 Year 2018: The "Project Debater" from IBM debated on complex topics with two
master debaters and also performed extremely well.
 Google has demonstrated an AI program "Duplex" which was a virtual assistant
and which had taken hairdresser appointment on call, and lady on other side didn't
notice that she was talking with the machine.

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 Types of Artificial Intelligence:
Artificial Intelligence can be divided in various types, there are mainly two
types of main categorization which are based on capabilities and based on
functionally of AI. Following is flow diagram which explain the types of AI.

AI type-1: Based on Capabilities

1. Weak AI or Narrow AI:
 Narrow AI is a type of AI which is able to perform a dedicated task
with intelligence.The most common and currently available AI is
Narrow AI in the world of Artificial Intelligence.
 Narrow AI cannot perform beyond its field or limitations, as it is only
trained for one specific task. Hence it is also termed as weak AI.
Narrow AI can fail in unpredictable ways if it goes beyond its limits.
 Apple Siriis a good example of Narrow AI, but it operates with a
limited pre-defined range of functions.
 IBM's Watson supercomputer also comes under Narrow AI, as it uses
an Expert system approach combined with Machine learning and
natural language processing.
 Some Examples of Narrow AI are playing chess, purchasing
suggestions on e-commerce site, self-driving cars, speech recognition,
and image recognition.

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2. General AI:
 General AI is a type of intelligence which could perform any
intellectual task with efficiency like a human.
 The idea behind the general AI to make such a system which could be
smarter and think like a human by its own.
 Currently, there is no such system exist which could come under
general AI and can perform any task as perfect as a human.
 The worldwide researchers are now focused on developing machines
with General AI.
 As systems with general AI are still under research, and it will take
lots of efforts and time to develop such systems.

3. Super AI:
 Super AI is a level of Intelligence of Systems at which machines could
surpass human intelligence, and can perform any task better than
human with cognitive properties. It is an outcome of general AI.
 Some key characteristics of strong AI include capability include the
ability to think, to reason,solve the puzzle, make judgments, plan,
learn, and communicate by its own.
 Super AI is still a hypothetical concept of Artificial Intelligence.
Development of such systems in real is still world changing task.

Artificial Intelligence type-2: Based on functionality

1. Reactive Machines
 Purely reactive machines are the most basic types of Artificial Intelligence.
 Such AI systems do not store memories or past experiences for future actions.
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  These machines only focus on current scenarios and react on it as per possible
best action.
 IBM's Deep Blue system is an example of reactive machines.
 Google's AlphaGo is also an example of reactive machines.

2. Limited Memory
 Limited memory machines can store past experiences or some data for
a short period of time.
 These machines can use stored data for a limited time period only.
 Self-driving cars are one of the best examples of Limited Memory
systems. These cars can store recent speed of nearby cars, the distance
of other cars, speed limit, and other information to navigate the road.

3. Theory of Mind
 Theory of Mind AI should understand the human emotions, people,
beliefs, and be able to interact socially like humans.
 This type of AI machines are still not developed, but researchers are
making lots of efforts and improvement for developing such AI
machines.

4. Self-Awareness
 Self-awareness AI is the future of Artificial Intelligence. These
machines will be super intelligent, and will have their own
consciousness, sentiments, and self-awareness.
 These machines will be smarter than human mind.
 Self-Awareness AI does not exist in reality still and it is a hypothetical concept

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 There are many ways of achieving AI some of them are as follows:

 NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING (NLP)

Natural language processing helps computers communicate with people in their

very own languageand scales other language-related tasks. For example, NLP
makes it possible for computers to readtext, hear speech, interpret it, measure
thoughts and emotions, and determine which parts areimportant. Today's
machines can analyze more language-based information than humans
withoutexhaustion and in a continuous, unbiased way.

 VISION

In recent years, the cost of acquiring and identifying large data sets has gone
down due to advancesin IIoT, making machine learning more accessible for
inspection applications then ever before. Theother main way AI is used in
vision systems is to improve recognition applications continuously.

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  AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES

Autonomous cars generate data from their surroundings and feeds it into the
intelligent agent, which in turn takes decisions and allow an autonomous vehicle
to conduct specific activities in almost the same environment, a repetitive loop
is established called a perception activity cycle. Thefigure below shows the
autonomous vehicle data flow:

 ETHICAL AI

Trustworthy AI should comply with all applicable legislation and regulations

and a set of requirements; specific lists of evaluations are intended to help
verify the application of each of the main requirements.

Robust and Safety: Dependable AI requires safe, reliable and robust algorithms
that address mistakes or inconsistencies throughout all the life cycle phases of
the AI systems. Privacy and data governance: Citizens should have full control
over their own personal data, whereas their data should not be used for harm or
discrimination against them.

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Transparency: Tractability should be guaranteed for AI systems.
Diversity, non - discrimination and fairness: AI systems should consider and
guarantee accessibility and the full range of human capabilities, skills and
requirements.Societal and environmental well-being: AI systems should be used
to promote positive social change and improve environmental sustainability.

Accountability: Mechanisms should be placed to ensure accountability and

responsibility for AI systems and their products. Trustworthy AI should comply
with all applicable legislation and regulations and a set of requirements;
specific lists of evaluations are intended to help verify the application of
each of the main requirements
.
Robust and Safety: Dependable AI requires safe, reliable and robust algorithms
that address mistakes or inconsistencies throughout all the life cycle phases of
the AI systems.

Privacy and data governance: Citizens should have full control over their own
personal data, whereas their data should not be used for harm or discrimination
against them.

Transparency: Tractability should be guaranteed for AI systems.

Diversity, non - discrimination and fairness: AI systems should consider and
guarantee accessibility and the full range of human capabilities, skills and
requirements. Societal and environmental well-being: AI systems should be
used to promote positive social change and improve environmental
sustainability.

Accountability: Mechanisms should be placed to ensure accountability and

responsibility for AI systems and their products. Trustworthy AI should comply
with all applicable legislation and regulations and a set of requirements;
specific lists of evaluations are intended to help verify the application of
each of the main requirements.

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Trustworthy AI should comply with all applicable legislation and regulations
and a set of requirements; specific lists of evaluations are intended to help verify
the application of each of the main requirements.

Robust and Safety: Dependable AI requires safe, reliable and robust

algorithms that address

mistakes or inconsistencies throughout all the life cycle phases of the AI

systems.

Privacy and data governance: Citizens should have full control over their own
personal data,

whereas their data should not be used for harm or discrimination against them.

Transparency: Tractability should be guaranteed for AI systems.

Diversity, non - discrimination and fairness: AI systems should consider and

guarantee accessibility

and the full range of human capabilities, skills and requirements.

Societal and environmental well-being: AI systems should be used to promote

positive social

change and improve environmental sustainability.

Accountability: Mechanisms should be placed to ensure accountability and

responsibility for AI

systems and their products.

 Advantages and Disadvantages of AI:

Advantages:

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 1) Reduction in Human Error
2) Takes risks instead of Humans
3) Available 24x7
4) Helping in Repetitive Jobs
5) Digital Assistance
6) Faster Decisions
7) Daily Applications
8) New Inventions

Disadvantages:

1) High Costs of Creation

2) Making Humans Lazy
3) Unemployment
4) No Emotions
5) Lacking Out of Box Thinkin

 Application of AI

1. AI in Astronomy

Artificial Intelligence can be very useful to solve complex universe problems.

AI technology can be helpful for understanding the universe such as how it
works, origin, etc.

2. AI in Healthcare

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In the last, five to ten years, AI becoming more advantageous for the healthcare
industry and going to have a significant impact on this industry. Healthcare
Industries are applying AI to make a better and faster diagnosis than humans. AI
can help doctors with diagnoses and can inform when patients are worsening so
that medical help can reach to the patient before hospitalization.

3. AI in Gaming

AI can be used for gaming purpose. The AI machines can play strategic games
like chess, where the machine needs to think of a large number of possible
places.

6. AI in social media

Social Media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Snapchat contain billions of
user profiles, which need to be stored and managed in a very efficient way. AI
can organize and manage massive amounts of data. AI can analyze lots of data
to identify the latest trends, hashtag, and requirement of different users.

7. AI in Travel & Transport

AI is becoming highly demanding for travel industries. AI is capable of doing

various travel related works such as from making travel arrangement to
suggesting the hotels, flights, and best routes to the customers. Travel industries
are using AI-powered chatbots which can make human-like interaction with
customers for better and fast response.

 The future of AI
The scope of Artificial Intelligence is limited to domestic and commercial
purposes as the medical and aviation sectors are also using AI to improve their
services. If AI is outperforming human efforts, then opting for AI automation
will reduce costs in the long run for a business.

 Jobs in AI

The name of the designation in the AI field may be different. Some of the top
jobs in AI (India - 2021) are as follows:

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 Computational Philosopher - A computational philosopher
concerned with teaching human ethics and values in AI algorithms.
For example, if a robot is being developed for household chores, it
should be designed to listen and follow orders from its employer.
 Robot Personality Designer - A dedicated Robot Personality
Designer designs the digital personality of a machine/robot.
 Robot Obedience Trainer - A robotic obedience trainer teaches
the machine/robot to follow instructions and obey obstacles. With
more and more robots being introduced in homes, military
strategies, etc., the future of Artificial Intelligence is bright.
 Autonomous Vehicle Infrastructure Designer - An autonomous
vehicle designer develops digital interfaces that help them work
independently. The scope of a bright artificial intelligence future
can fuel the development of autonomous vehicles in various
industries.
 Algorithmic Trainer / Click Worker - They work with AI
algorithms and train them to recognize instructions, emotions,
moods, images, speech, etc. They train AI algorithms to interact
with their surroundings and take appropriate actions autonomously.
 AI Cyber Security Expert - An AI Cyber Security expert
develops algorithms that can identify the theft/risk associated with

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 the system and take actions to eliminate it autonomously. As new
types of cyber attacks evolve every day, AI is being used in cyber
security to detect them. The future of Artificial Intelligence (AI
Cyber Security) is also bright in the Asia Pacific region.

The future scope of Artificial Intelligence in India

The adoption of Artificial Intelligence in India is promising. However, it is

currently in its early stages. While some industries, such as IT, manufacturing,
automobiles, etc., are taking advantage of the prowess of AI, there are still
many areas in which its potential has not been explored.

The immense potential present in AI can be understood by the various other

technologies included under the umbrella of AI. Examples of such technologies
include self-improvement algorithms, machine learning, pattern recognition, big
data, and many
others.

Skill

Developed/Learning outcome of this Micro-Project:

This micro-project helps us to easily explore concept of Emerging trends in
electronics and also helps us to study and known more about Artificial
Intelligence
It also helps learn more about problem solving, reasoning, planning, natural
language understanding, computer vision, automatic programming, machine learning,
and so on.

Benefits of such micro-projects are:

 Use the trending practices in Electronics fields.
 Use the trending practices in Electronics fields.
 AI drives down the time taken to perform a task. It enables multi-
tasking and eases the workload for existing resources.

22
  AI enables the execution of hitherto complex tasks without significant cost
outlays.
 AI operates 24x7 without interruption or breaks and has no downtime.
 AI augments the capabilities of differently abled individuals.

 AI has mass market potential, it can be deployed across industries.

 AI facilitates decision-making by making the process faster and smarter.
8.0 Applications of this Micro-Project:

 AI in Astronomy
 AI in Healthcare
 AI in Gaming
 AI in Finance
 AI in Data Security
 AI in Social Media
 AI in Travel & Transport
 AI in Automotive Industry
 AI in Robotics:
 AI in Entertainment
 AI in Agriculture
 AI in E-commerce

Reference

www.google.com
www.campusify.co.in

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