A

Mini-Project Report

on

FACE MASK DETECTION USING PYTHON

Submitted for partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

in
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

Submitted by:

MOHAMMAD AKHTAR (1843110041)

UDIT TIWARI (1843110076)
HARSH TRIPATHI (1843113012)

Submitted to:

<Mini-Project-Coordinator-Name>
(<Designation>)

B.N. College of Engineering & Technology, Lucknow

Dr. A.P.J Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh
December, 2024
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DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the work presented in this report entitled “PROJECT TITLE", was
carried out by us. We have not submitted the matter embodied in this report for the award of any
other degree or diploma of any other University or Institute.
We have given due credit to the original authors/sources for all the words, ideas, diagrams,
graphics, computer programs, experiments, results, that are not our original contribution. We
have used quotation marks to identify verbatim sentences and given credit to the original
authors/sources.
We affirm that no portion of our work is plagiarized, and the experiments and results reported in
the report are not manipulated. In the event of a complaint of plagiarism and the manipulation of
the experiments and results, we will be fully responsible and answerable.

Team Members:

Name of Member-1 (Roll Number) …………………………………………

Name of Member-1 (Roll Number) …………………………………………

Name of Member-1 (Roll Number) …………………………………………

Name of Member-1 (Roll Number) …………………………………………

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CERTIFICATE

Certified that Name of student (enrollment no…..) has carried out the research work presented
in this project report entitled “Title of Project…………….” for the award of Bachelor of
Engineering in Computer Science and Engineering from B. N. College of Engineering and
Technology affiliated to Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow under my
supervision. The project report embodies results of original work, and studies are carried out by
the students themselves and the contents of the report do not form the basis for the award of any
other degree to the candidate or to anybody else from this or any other University/Institution.

Signature: Signature:

…………………………. ………………………….
Name of Project Guide Name of Head of Department
Designation Head of Department
Department of CSE, BNCET Department of CSE, BNCET

Date: ……………...

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ABSRACT

To write a project abstract, concisely summarize the key aspects of your project, including
the problem or objective, methodology, key findings, and the significance of your results, all
within a brief paragraph.

For example, this project investigated the impact of a new educational program designed to
improve student engagement in STEM subjects. Using a mixed-methods approach, including
pre- and post-surveys and classroom observations, the study analyzed data from a sample of
high school students. Key findings indicated a significant increase in student reported interest
and participation in STEM activities after implementing the program, suggesting its potential
to positively influence student engagement in science-related fields.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We take this occasion to thank God, almighty for blessing us with his grace and taking our
endeavor to a successful culmination. We extend our sincere and heartfelt thanks to our
esteemed guide, Guide Name for providing us with the right guidance and advice at the
crucial junctures and for showing me the right way. We extend our sincere thanks to our
respected Head of the department HOD Name, for allowing us to use the facilities
available. We would like to thank the other faculty members also, at this occasion. Last but
not the least, we would like to thank our friends and family for the support and
encouragement they have given us during the course of our work.

Name of Member-1
Name of Member-2
Name of Member-3
Name of Member-4

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
Declaration ii
Certificate iii
Abstract iv
Acknowledgement v
List of Tables viii
List of Figures ix
List of Symbols and Abbreviations x

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1-68

1.1 Background of Mini-Project 1
1.2 Objectives 2
1.3 Significance and Impact 5
1.4 Scope and Limitations 45

CHAPTER 2 : SYSTEM ANALYSIS 59-150

2.1 Study of Existing System 75
2.1.1 Previous Work
2.1.2 Identified Gaps in Existing Work
2.1.3 Existing Solution Vs. Proposed Solution
2.2 Software Requirements and Specifications 99
2.2.1 Feasibility Study
2.2.2 Functional Requirements
2.2.3 Non-Functional Requirements
2.2.4 Hardware Requirements
2.2.5 Software Requirements

CHAPTER 3 : SYSTEM DESIGN 59-150

3.1 System Architecture
3.2 System Methodology
3.3 Flow Chart
3.4 Database Design
3.4.1 Data Source and Data Specifications

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3.4.2 Tables used in Mini-Project

CHAPTER 4 : SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION & TESTING

4.1 Modules Description
4.2 Technology Stack
4.3 Testing Results
4.2.1 Unit Testing
4.2.2 Integration testing
4.4 Screenshots of Outputs

CHAPTER 5 : CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Future Enhancements

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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LIST OF TABLES

Table Number Table Caption Page No.

3.4.a Student Information 13
3.4.b Course Information 13

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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure Number Figure Caption Page No.

3.1.a Example of a high-level systems architecture for a computer 10
3.1.b Components of a system design 11
3.3 Flowchart for a Project Process 12

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LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS

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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of Mini-Project

A project introduction is a paragraph or paragraphs explaining what a project is about. It
should include key details about the project that give the reader enough information to
understand the purpose and scope of the project.

A good introduction should capture the reader's attention and clearly state the importance
of the project. The writing style and format for the type of paper should be
considered. For example, opening with a joke might be appropriate for some essays, but
not for research papers.

1.2 Objectives
When writing project objectives, you should clearly state the specific, measurable
outcomes you aim to achieve by the end of the project, making sure they are SMART
(Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound).
Key elements to include in project objectives:
 Action verbs:
Use strong action verbs like "develop," "implement," "analyze," "evaluate,"
"improve," "reduce," "increase," etc.
 Clear target:
Define the exact thing you want to accomplish, including quantities, percentages, or
specific criteria.
 Timeline:
Specify a timeframe for achieving the objective.
 Measurable indicators:
Identify how you will measure success, such as metrics, data points, or key
performance indicators (KPIs).
Examples of well-written project objectives:
 "To increase website traffic by 20% within the next quarter through targeted SEO
optimization strategies."

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 "Develop and implement a new customer relationship management (CRM) system to

improve customer retention rate by 15% within six months."
 "Conduct a market analysis to identify potential new customer segments and develop
a marketing plan to reach them within the next fiscal year."
 "Reduce operational costs by 10% through process streamlining and efficiency
improvements within the next year."
 "Train 80% of the sales team on the new product line features and benefits within two
months to enhance sales performance."
Different types of project objectives:
 Performance objectives: Focusing on improving efficiency, productivity, or quality of
outputs.
 Financial objectives: Targeting specific revenue goals, cost reductions, or profit
margins.
 Customer-centric objectives: Aiming to enhance customer satisfaction, loyalty, or
acquisition.
 Process improvement objectives: Focusing on streamlining workflows, reducing
errors, or optimizing operations.
 Strategic objectives: Aligning with broader organizational goals and long-term vision.

1.3 Significance and Impact

To sum it up, project impact measurement is the process of understanding how your project
has affected the lives of those it was intended to help. It is important to collect data on
project outcomes and use both quantitative and qualitative analysis to understand the
project's impact.

1.4 Scope and Limitations

Key points about scope and limitations:
Scope:
 Defines the project's goals, deliverables, and key activities.
 Specifies the project's timeline and target audience.
 Helps set clear expectations for stakeholders and team members.
Limitations:

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 Factors that could impact the project's effectiveness, even with proper planning.
 May include external dependencies, data availability, technological constraints, or
regulatory issues.
 Should be acknowledged and discussed to manage potential risks and inform project
decisions.
Example:
 Project: Developing a new mobile app for a retail store.
 Scope:
o Features: Product browsing, shopping cart, payment processing, order tracking.
o Target platforms: iOS and Android.
o Timeline: 6 months.
 Limitations:
o Integration with existing inventory system may have limitations depending on its
compatibility.
o Potential for variations in user experience across different device models.
o Limited testing capacity due to time constraints.

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CHAPTER 2
SYSTEM ANALYSIS
2.1 Study of Existing System
Existing systems analysis involves studying and evaluating the current systems that are
related to the project, such as software applications, hardware devices, workflows, processes,
data structures, interfaces, and functionalities.
The study of an existing system is called system analysis. It involves evaluating the current
systems in place to identify their strengths and weaknesses. The goal is to understand the
system's needs and opportunities for improvement.
What does system analysis include?
 Analyzing systems: Examining the current systems, including software, hardware,
processes, and data structures
 Identifying needs: Understanding the needs of users and stakeholders
 Comparing options: Comparing the current system's requirements to alternatives
 Documenting: Recording the current system's deficiencies and establishing new goals
 Modeling: Creating a simplified representation of the system to understand its structure
and behaviour.

2.2 Software Requirements and Specification

2.2.1 Feasibility Study
A feasibility study is a preliminary exploration of a proposed project or undertaking to
determine its merits and viability. It aims to provide an independent assessment that examines
all aspects of a proposed project, including technical, economic, financial, legal, and
environmental considerations.

What is Included in a Feasibility Study Report?

1. Executive Summary: A executive summary is a quick assessment of the feasibility
study's important conclusions, guidelines, and findings.
2. Introduction: A summary of the goals and goals to be carried out, along with the
reason and scope of the feasibility study.

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3. Background and Context: Details about the project or business endeavors under
attention, such as its heritage, purpose, and justification for conducting a feasibility
study.
4. Market Analysis: Market study is the process of examining the target market's size,
trends, potential for growth, customer demographics, and competitive environment.
This section explores possible opportunities and difficulties as well as evaluates the
demand for the suggested good or service.
5. Financial Analysis: A thorough financial analysis that includes ROI calculations, cost
estimates, revenue forecasts, and cash flow projections. This part evaluates the project's
prospective profitability as well as its financial viability.
6. Risk assessment: It is the process of identifying and evaluating the project's possible
risks and difficulties, such as financial, technical, commercial, and regulatory concerns.
The methods for decreasing and controlling those risks are described in this phase.
7. Resource Requirements: Plans for allocating sources and an estimate of it's expenses
are supplied in this segment.
8. Conclusion and Recommendations: An evaluate of the feasibility study's essential
conclusions and findings, together with suggestions for decision-makers.
9. Appendices: Extra data, charts, tables, references, and supporting documents that give
the feasibility study more context or information.

Types of Feasibility Study

1. Technical Feasibility Study: This type of feasibility take a look at evaluating a
project's technical capabilities, consisting of the accessibility of the resources,
technology, and knowledge had to deliver it out efficiently. It assesses whether or not
the project may be technically finished on time.
2. Economic Feasibility Study: Economic feasibility studies examine a project's expenses
and feasible benefits to determine whether or not it's financially viable. This entails
comparing the project's effect on income, charges, and profitability as well as doing
cost-benefit analysis and calculating return on funding (ROI).
3. Operational Feasibility Study: Operational feasibility research determine a
assignment's operational factors, which include its workflows, organizational structure,
and strategies. They evaluate how successfully and efficiently the project can be
performed and integrated into the current operations.

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4. Social Feasibility Study: It evaluates how a task will have an effect on stakeholders,
neighbourhood communities, and society as a whole on a social and cultural stage. To
decide if the project is socially possible and suitable, they determine variables like
social acceptance, stakeholder participation, community effect, and company social
responsibility.

Feasibility Study Examples

1. Real-Estate Development Feasibility Study
Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the viability of creating a mixed-use
residential and business complex at a given site.
Components:
 Market Analysis: Analyze the market to determine target demographics, the level of
competition, and the demand for residential and commercial real estate in the area.
 Financial analysis: Compute the total cost of development, taking into account
permits, building, and land acquisition. Determine the expected revenue from the sale or
rental of real estate and evaluate the project's profitability.
 Technical analysis: To ascertain whether development is feasible, assess the site's
characteristics, the availability of infrastructure, and zoning laws.

2. Technology Implementation Feasibility Study

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the viability of integrating a novel
technological solution into an enterprise.
Components:
 Technical analysis: Assess the hardware, software, and infrastructural requirements as
well as the technical specifications of the technology solution. Evaluate potential
integration problems as well as compatibility with current systems.
 Organizational analysis: Evaluate how well-equipped the company is to use
technology, taking into account the training and skill gaps in the workforce, possible
effects on daily operations, and alignment with strategic objectives.
 Financial analysis: Calculate the expenses related to the purchase, deployment, and
continuing upkeep of technology. Determine whether implementing the technology will
result in cost savings or increased income.

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2.2.2 Functional Requirements

Functional requirements define the specific behavior or functions of a system. Functional
requirements are statements that describe what a product or system must do to meet user
needs. They are also known as business requirements.
What do functional requirements include?
 Features: The essential features of the product, such as authorization and payment flow
 User interface: How the user interacts with the product, such as the format of input and
output data
 Security: How the product protects user data
 Safety: How the product meets safety and regulatory requirements
 User access: How the product validates user access and authorization

Examples of Functional Requirements

Let’s consider a couple of examples to illustrate both types of requirements:
1. Online Banking System
1. Functional Requirements:
 Users should be able to log in with their username and password.
 Users should be able to check their account balance.
 Users should receive notifications after making a transaction.

2. Food Delivery App

1. Functional Requirements
 Users can browse the menu and place an order.
 Users can make payments and track their orders in real time.

2.2.3 Non-Functional requirements

These are the quality constraints that the system must satisfy according to the project
contract. The priority or extent to which these factors are implemented varies from one
project to another. They are also called non-behavioural requirements. They deal with
issues like:
 Portability
 Security
 Maintainability

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 Reliability
 Scalability
 Performance
 Reusability
 Flexibility

Examples of Functional and Non-functional Requirements

Let’s consider a couple of examples to illustrate both types of requirements:

1. Online Banking System

Non-functional Requirements:
 The system should respond to user actions in less than 2 seconds.
 All transactions must be encrypted and comply with industry security standards.
 The system should be able to handle 100 million users with minimal downtime.

2. Food Delivery App

Non-functional Requirements:
 The app should load the restaurant menu in under 1 second.
 The system should support up to 50,000 concurrent orders during peak hours.
 The app should be easy to use for first-time users, with an intuitive interface.

2.2.4 Hardware Requirements

Hardware requirements" of a project refer to the minimum specifications of physical
components like the processor, memory (RAM), storage space, and peripherals needed to run
a software application or operate a hardware device effectively, essentially outlining the
necessary computer components to execute the project properly; including details like CPU
speed, hard drive size, and graphics card capabilities.

Key points about hardware requirements:

 Minimum vs. Recommended:
Often, a project will list both minimum hardware requirements (the bare essentials to
run the project) and recommended specifications for optimal performance.
 Components included:
 Processor (CPU): Processing power needed to run the application.

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 Memory (RAM): Amount of working memory required for the application to operate
smoothly.
 Storage (Hard Drive): Disk space needed to install the application and store data.
 Graphics Card: For applications with intensive graphics processing needs
 Operating System: The specific operating system required to run the application

2.2.5 Software Requirements

Software which are required for developing your project.

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CHAPTER 3
SYSTEM DESIGN

3.1 System Architecture

A system architecture is the conceptual model that defines the structure, behavior,
and views of a system.[1] An architecture description is a formal description and
representation of a system, organized in a way that supports reasoning about
the structures and behaviors of the system.
A system architecture can consist of system components and the sub-systems developed, that
will work together to implement the overall system.

Figure 3.1.a: Example of a high-level systems architecture for a computer

Components consider when designing the architecture of a system

In order to design a good system architecture, it is important to consider all these
components and to make decisions based on the specific requirements and constraints of the
system. It is also important to consider the long-term maintainability of the system and to
make sure that the architecture is flexible and scalable enough to accommodate future
changes and growth.

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Figure 3.1.b: Components of a system design

3.2 System Methodology

System methodology is a process for developing systems efficiently by organizing the steps
required to analyse, design, implement, and maintain them. It's a framework that uses system-
scientific methods, simulation tools, and systems thinking.
What does it do?
 Describes the activities involved in building, defining, and implementing a system
 Ensures that the needs of stakeholders and customers are met
 Helps to create optimal system solutions to complex problems

What are some examples of system methodologies?

 Waterfall development: A rigid linear model that requires all system requirements to be
defined at the beginning of the project
 Spiral development: A methodology used in system development
 Agile software development: A methodology used in system development
 Process-oriented approach (POA): A design approach used in system development
 Data-oriented approach (DOA): A design approach used in system development
 Object-oriented approach (OOA): A design approach used in system development
 Service-oriented approach (SOA): A design approach used in system development
 Systems thinking and modeling methodology (ST&M): A methodology based on
system dynamics methodology
 Soft Systems Methodology: A methodology that involves establishing root definitions
for a system

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3.3 Flow Chart

A flowchart for a project is a visual diagram that outlines the steps, sequence, and decision
points involved in completing a project, using standardized symbols and arrows to represent
each action and decision point within the project workflow, essentially providing a clear
picture of how the project will progress from start to finish.

Figure 3.3: Flowchart for a Project Process

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3.4 Database Design

There are two tables:
1. Student Information
2. Course Information
Student Information Table:
Table 3.4.a: Student Information

Roll Number Student Name Email Phone Course

Course Information Table:

Table 3.4.b: Course Information

Course Id Course Name Branches Number of Students

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CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE

5.1 Conclusion
In conclusion, this project successfully achieved its goal of [state main objective] by
[summarize key findings or outcomes]. Through [mention key methods or strategies used],
we were able to [highlight significant results or impacts]. While challenges were encountered,
the project demonstrates the potential for [key takeaway or future application], paving the
way for further exploration in [area for future research]. We extend our gratitude to
[acknowledge key stakeholders or contributors] for their vital support throughout this
process.

5.2 Future Enhancements

A sample "future enhancement" for a project could include: integrating advanced machine
learning algorithms for more accurate predictions, developing a mobile app interface for
wider accessibility, incorporating real-time data feeds for dynamic updates, expanding to
support additional languages, or implementing robust security features to protect user
data; essentially, outlining potential future developments that could significantly improve the
project's functionality and reach a wider audience, based on emerging technologies and user
feedback.
Specific examples depending on the project type:
 E-commerce website:
 Personalized product recommendations using AI.
 Augmented reality features for virtual product trials.
 Integration with voice assistants for shopping.
 Blockchain-based secure payment system.
 Healthcare application:
 Wearable device integration for continuous health monitoring.
 Telemedicine consultations with remote doctors.
 Advanced data analytics for personalized treatment plans.
 AI-powered medical diagnosis support.
 Educational platform:
 Adaptive learning algorithms to tailor content to individual student needs.

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 Gamification elements to enhance engagement.

 Virtual reality learning experiences
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Book.
[1] Smith, J. (2020). The impact of technology on society. Cambridge University Press.

Journal Article.
[2] Jones, M., & Brown, A. (2021). Climate change and its effects on ecosystems. Journal of
Environmental Science, 15(2), 23-35.

Website.
[3] World Health Organization. (2023). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Retrieved from
https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019

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