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Linux Command Cheat Sheet

This document is a cheat sheet for commonly used Linux commands, providing essential commands for beginners to navigate and manage files and directories, as well as networking and security commands. It includes commands for changing directories, listing files, creating and removing files and directories, and networking tasks like checking IP addresses and using Nmap for scanning. Users are cautioned to run potentially dangerous commands in safe environments and with permission.

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thatoneguy1132098
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© © All Rights Reserved
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8 views

Linux Command Cheat Sheet

This document is a cheat sheet for commonly used Linux commands, providing essential commands for beginners to navigate and manage files and directories, as well as networking and security commands. It includes commands for changing directories, listing files, creating and removing files and directories, and networking tasks like checking IP addresses and using Nmap for scanning. Users are cautioned to run potentially dangerous commands in safe environments and with permission.

Uploaded by

thatoneguy1132098
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linux Command Cheat Sheet

Beginner Linux Command Line


This reference page contains a short list of commonly used Linux commands to help you get
up and running with Linux in the Cyber Range.

cd

Changes the current working directory

cd -

Changes to the previous directory

cd ~

Changes to the $HOME directory

cd ../

Changes to the parent directory


pwd

Prints the current working directory

ls

Will list files in the current directory or a specified directory -


Example: ls /home/user

ls -al

Will list files in "long" format and show hidden files

ls -ltr

Will list files in long format, by age, and in reverse

man ls

Allows a user to read the user manual for a specific command

mkdir
Allows a user to create a directory - Example: mkdir
mynewDirectory

mkdir -p 1/2

Make directory 1 along with subdirectory 2

rmdir dir1

Will remove the empty directory dir1

rm file

Will remove a specified file

rm file*

Will remove all files starting with "file"

rm -r oldir
Will Recursively remove oldir & and all folder contents

touch fileX

Creates an empty file called "fileX", or will update the time of an


existing file

cat f1 f2

Concatenate and print files f1 & f2

nano file1

Nano editor, create or edit file1 (easy, simple)

vim file1

Vim editor, create or edit file1 (difficult, powerful)

leafpad f1
Leafpad graphical file editor (in XCFE, easiest)

ristretto f.jpg

Default graphic viewer in XFCE

wget www

Web/file downloader (www= a full URL)

curl -L www.ex.com/script1.sh | bash -c

Download & run a www hosted script locally

grep XX [file]

Filter & print any lines in file with XX in it

grep "^Nmap"

Filter & print any lines ^(beginning with) "Nmap"


somecommand | mail -s "Subject" [email protected]

Send output from somecommand to email in order to send an


email to [email protected]

date

Print the time/date

date +%y-%m-%d

Prints formatted YY-mm-dd date

$(date +%y-%m-%d)

Run embedded command and return text

cat /etc/passwd | cut -f1 -d":" | mail -s "Usernames on $HOST" [email protected]

Prints out all usernames on a system, cut the 1st column, and
email it to me.
sudo su -

Super User Do, run the "su -" command to become root (if
allowed)

ps auxw | less

List all processes, their PID #s, stats and process names (with
less pager)

pstree | less

List all processes in a relational tree format (with less pager)

Networking & Network Security Commands

Be Careful

Please run any potentially dangerous system/network security commands in a safe


environment (like the Cyber Range!) or on a system where you have permission to do so!
Thanks!

ifconfig eth0
Show IP and VLSM(255) subnet mask

ip addr show eth0

Show IP and CIDR(/24) subnet mask - The number of IPs on


your LAN = 2^(32 - CIDR#) e.g. 2^(32-24) = 256 IPs.

hostname -f

Show the machine's (f)ull hostname

hostname -i

Show (I)P address of the hostname

ping -c 3 8.8.8.8

Ping Google's nameserver (8.8.8.8) three times

netstat -antp
*Show (a)ll local to remote (T)CP IP/port connections &
(p)rocess names

iptables -L -n

*(L)ist of firewall settings (n)umerically

route -n

Show IP routing tables (n)umerically

nmap -sP [IP/N]

**Ping scan the [IP/subnet address space of hosts]

nmap -sP -nS -oG..

**Ping scan (provide IP OR Network) and output in greppable


format

nmap -oG - ..|


**Same, but pipe scan stdOut [-] to other command(s) (like grep)

nmap -O -n - [IP/N]

**Nmap OS fingerprint scan with no DNS

nmap -O --osscan-limit [IP/N]

**Limit OS port scan to promising targets

nc -lnk [IP#] [port#]

Have netcat listen locally on [your IP#] and [port#] * root needed
for ports under 1024

echo "can you hear me?" | nc [remote IP] [remote Port]

Send a message to a remote process/listener on remote IP on a


remote port number

#nikto -h www.example.com - Removing the # will allow the command to run


WARNING

Scan webserver for known vulnerabilities. This command must be run as root, or via sudo
command. WARNING! Do not run this without the target-host or network owner's permission.

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