Class 8 fill in the blanks

crop production and management

1. ………….. crop is harvested in october.
2. The kind of crop grown only for sale profit is ………….
3. …………. is used to till the soil in agriculture.
4. In …………. type of irrigation, water is sprayed on the plants using rotating sprinkler.
5. Threshing can be done using the machine………….
6. Large grasses cultivated for their nutritious seeds are called…………..
7. Preparation of soil involves ……………. and …………….. it.
8. The agricultural implement used to sow seeds is called …………..
9. Allowing a field to remain free of crops for one or more seasons is called field………….. it
allows the field to regain…………..
10. ……………. Bacteria fixed nitrogen in root nodules of leguminous plants.
11. The practice of growing fruit, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plant is called ……..
12. Removing the chaff from the grain is called………….
13. The method of irrigation in which emitters let out a trickle of water near the roots is
called…………
14. Two plantation crops are…………. and…………….
15. Farmer’s friend…………….
16. The production of useful products by growing on a large-scale of plants and rearing
animals is called__________.
17. Growing a particular kind of plant in a particular season and place is called________.
18. Wheat, barley, rice, maize and oats are examples of_________.
19. The crops that are grown in the monsoon season are called___________ crops.
20. ____________ is rich in organic substances.
Answer
1. Kharif
2. Cash crop
3. Pillar
4. Sprinkler
5. Combine
6. Cereals
7. Loosening and turning
8. Seed drill
9. Fallow, Nutrients
10. Rhizobium
11. Horticulture
12. Winnowing
13. Drip irrigation
14. Coffee and rubber
15. Earthworm
16. Agriculture
17. Crop
18. Cereals
19. Kharif
20. Manure
 sound
(a) Sounds are produced by ___objects.
(b) The human voice box is called___
(c) Sound cannot travel in___
(d) A set of three ___tiny in the middle part of ear passes on sound vibrations
from the eardrum to the liquid in cochlea.
(e) The unit of frequency is___
(f) The timet taken by an object to complete one oscillation is called ___
(g) The shrillness of a sound is determined by the___ of vibration.
(h) Unpleasant sound is called___
(i) Sound which is pleasing to the era is called___ sound
(j) A person having partial hearing loss can hear properly by wearing a device
called hearing___ on the ear.

(a) vibrating (b) larynx (c) vacuum (d) bones (e) hertz (Hz) (f) time-
period (g) frequency (h) noise (i) musical (j) aid
i. Time taken by an object to complete one oscillation is
called time period.
ii. Loudness is determined by the amplitude of vibration.
iii The unit of frequency is hertz (Hz).
iv Unwanted sound is called noise.
v. Shrillness of a sound is determined by the frequency of
vibration.
vi. Higher the frequency of vibration, the higher is the pitch, and
shriller is the sound.
vii. Sound which is pleasing to the ear is called musical sound.

Microorganism - friend and foe

1. The living organisms which cannot be seen with naked eyes are
called_______.
2. ________can reproduce only inside the cells of the host organisms.
3. Common cold, influenza and most coughs are caused by _______.
4. Typhoid is caused by _____.
5. _______ is the carrier of malarial parasite.
6. Microorganisms can be seen with the help of a ________.
7. Blue-green algae fix ______ directly from air to enhance fertility of soil.
8. Alcohol is produced with the help of an organism _______.
9. Cholera is caused by _______.
10. ______ converts milk into curd.
11. ______discovered penicillin.
12. ______ bacteria are found in the root nodules of leguminous plants.
13. Diseases like dysentery and malaria are caused by _______.
14. Tuberculosis and typhoid are caused by _______.
15. Diseases causing microorganisms are called _______.
16. Amoeba is a type of ______.
17. Yeast reproduces rapidly and produces ______ gas during respiration.
18. Bubbles of ______ gas fill the dough after fermentation and increase its
volume.
19. The process of conversion of sugar into alcohols is called _______.
20. ______ is produced by the body when disease causing microorganisms
enters the body.
21. The microbes which fix nitrogen in the soil are called _______.
22. ________ discovered the vaccine for small pox.
23. In India _______ programme is started for the eradication of polio.
24. Medicines which kill or stop the growth of the disease-causing
microorganisms are called ______.
25. Weakened or dead microbes which are introduced in a healthy body to
prevent occurrence of disease are called ______.
26. Spirogyra and Chlamydomonas are grouped in the category types of
______.
27. Microbial diseases that can spread from an infected person to a healthy
person through air, water, food or physical contact are called ______
disease.
28. ______ is a disease caused by virus in Okra or bhindi.
29. Chemicals used to check the growth of microorganisms are _____.
30. ______ is used as a chemical preservative.

Answer:
1. (microorganism, microorganisms)
2. (virus, viruses)
3. (virus, viruses)
4. (Salmonella typhi, bacteria)
5. (female Anopheles mosquito, Anopheles mosquitoes)
6. (microscope)
7. (nitrogen)
8. (yeast)
9. (Bacteria)
10. (Lactobacillus)
11. (Alexander Flemming)
12. (Rhizobium)
13. (Protozoa, protozoans)
14. (bacteria)
15. (pathogens)
16. (Protozoa, protozoans)
17. (Carbon dioxide, CO2)
18. (Carbon dioxide, CO2)
19. (fermentation)
20. (antibodies)
21. (biological nitrogen fixers)
22. (Edward Jenner)
23. (Pulse polio)
24. (antibiotics)
25. (Vaccine)
26. (Algae)
27. (Communicable )
28. (Yellow mosaic)
29. (Preservatives, Preservative)
30. (Sodium benzoate, sodium metabisulphite)

Coal and petroleum

a. To drive or operate a machine, the sources that we use are
_______ and ___________.
b. The resources that we get from the nature are called
_______________.
c. All types of coal are depended on the _________ of their carbon
mixture.
d. The refining of petroleum is a process of separating _________
into usable components.
e. There are _______ types of natural resources.
Answer
a. Coal, Petroleum
b. Natural Resources
c. Percentage
d. Crude Oil
e. Two/2

a) Fossil fuels are coal, petroleum and natural gas.

b) Coal contains mainly carbon
c)The slow process of conversion of dead vegetation into coal is
callled carbonization.
d) Process of separation of different constituents from petroleum is
called refining.
e) The least polluting fuel for vehicles is compressed natural gas.
f) The burning of fossil fuels causes air pollution and also leads to
global warming.

Force and pressure

a. An example of a non-contact force is __________.
b. The pressure exerted by air around us is known as __________.
c. SI unit of force is __________.
d. Application of force can change the ______ or __________ of an object.
e. Force exerted by our muscles is called __________ force.
f. Direction of force of friction is always __________ to the direction of
motion.
g. Force per unit area is called ___________.
Advertisements

h. The force exerted by a charged body on another charged or

uncharged bod is known as ______________________
i. Force has ________ as well as _________
Answer
a. Magnetic Force
b. Atmospheric pressure
c. Newton
d. Shape or state of motion
e. Muscular
f. Opposite
g. Pressure
h. Electrostatic force
i. Magnitude and direction

i. To draw water from a well we have to pull at the rope.

ii. A charged body attracts an uncharged body towards it.
iii. To move a loaded trolley we have to push or pull it.
iv. The north pole of a magnet repels the north pole of another
magnet.
v. The atmospheric pressure is due to the weight of air present
in the atmosphere above us.
vi. Force has magnitude as well as direction.
vii. Liquids exert equal pressure at the same depth.
viii. Liquids and gases exert pressure on the walls of their containers.

Light
(1) The ________ at the point of incidence is called the normal.
(2) __________ is a light sensitive screen
(3) When two mirrors are kept parallel to each other the number of images
is _____________.
(4) Kaleidoscope works on the principle of __________.
(5) The splitting of white light into its constituent colours is called ________.
(6) The coloured part of eye is _________.
(7) The ________muscles alter the ________ of the eye lens.
(8) The normal value for a ________ is approximately 25cm.
(9) Droplets of water split sunlight to form a spectrum known as ______.
(10) ________ can be corrected by using a concave lens of suitable focal
length.
(11) Refraction occurs because the ________ of light is different in different
medium.
(12) When white light passes through a prism, it is __________.
(13) In a Kaleidoscope, the mirrors make an angle of _______ with each
other.
(14) The English Braille system uses _________ dots.
(15) Lateral displacement takes place due to refraction in a ________.

Answer

(1) Perpendicular
(2) Retina
(3) Infinite
(4) Multiple reflection
(5) Dispersion
(6) Iris
(7) Ciliary, thickness
(8) Near point
(9) Rainbow
(10) Myopia
(11) Speed
(12) Deviated and dispersed
(13) 60o
(14) 6
(15) Rectangular slab

1.) The angle between normal and incident ray is called angle of incidence.
2.) Rainbow is natural phenomena showing dispersion of light.
3.) The size of pupil is controlled by Iris.
4.) A distance at which one can read with normal eye is 25 cm.

5.) The object which emits their own light are called luminous objects.