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MMW-Lesson-3

The document explains the concepts of relations and functions in mathematics, defining relations as sets of ordered pairs with specific domains and ranges. It highlights that a function is a special type of relation where each element in the domain is paired with exactly one element in the range, and introduces the vertical line test to determine if a relation is a function. Additionally, it discusses different representations of relations, including ordered pairs, tables, graphs, and mappings.

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2 views

MMW-Lesson-3

The document explains the concepts of relations and functions in mathematics, defining relations as sets of ordered pairs with specific domains and ranges. It highlights that a function is a special type of relation where each element in the domain is paired with exactly one element in the range, and introduces the vertical line test to determine if a relation is a function. Additionally, it discusses different representations of relations, including ordered pairs, tables, graphs, and mappings.

Uploaded by

mayerscamahalan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RELATIONS AND

FUNCTIONS
GEM 111- Mathematics in the Modern World
Relation

An ordered pair is a pair of numbers that go together. The numbers are


written within a set of parentheses and separated by comma.

A relation is as set of ordered pairs. If 𝑓 is a relation and (x,y) ∈ 𝑓 such


that x ∈ X and y ∈ Y, then X is called the domain of 𝑓 and Y is called the
range of 𝑓.
Relation

The domain of a relation is the set of all first coordinates (x-


coordinates) from the ordered pairs.

The range of a relation is the set of all second coordinates (y-


coordinates) from the ordered pairs

The graph of a relation is the set of points in the coordinate plane


corresponding to the ordered pairs in the relation
Relation

Given the relation:

{(2,6), (1,4), (2,4), (0,0), (1,-6), (3,0)}

State the domain:


D: {0,1,2,3}
State the range:
R: {-6,0,4}
Relation

Example :

Consider the following set of ordered pairs:

{(1,2), (2,4), (3,6), (5,10)}

Determine the domain and range.


Relation

Relations can be written in several ways: ordered pairs, table, graph, or


mapping
Graph
State the domain and range of the relation shown in the graph.
Table

{(3,4), (7,2), (0,1), (-2,2), (-5,-0), (3,3)}


Mapping

• Create two ovals with the domain on the left and the range on
the right.
• Elements are not repeated
• Connect elements of the domain with the corresponding
elements in the range by drawing an arrow
Mapping

{(2,-6), (1,4), (2,4), (0,0), (1,-6), (3,0)}


Function

A function is a special type of relation in which each element of the domain


is paired exactly one element in the range

A set of ordered pairs is a function if no two ordered pairs have equal


abscissas
Function
Function
Function
Graph
State the domain and range of the relation shown in the graph.
Vertical Line Test
If a vertical line is drawn through a graph of a relation intersects the
graph in more than one point, the relation cannot be a function.
When we know that a relation is a function, the “y” in the equation can
be replaced with f(x).

f(x) is simply a notation to designate a function. It is


pronounced ‘f’ of ‘x’.

The ‘f’ names the function, the ‘x’ tells the variable that is
being used.

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