SET-I

KENDRIYA VIDYALAYA SANGATHAN---MUMBAI REGION

SECOND PRE BOARD EXAMINATION - 2024-25
SUBJECT: PHYSICS (042) (THEORY)
CLASS – XII TIME ALLOWED: 3 Hours

General Instructions:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D
and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQs and four Assertion Reasoning
based of 1 mark Each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C
contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study -
based questions of four marks each And Section E contains three long answer
questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one
question in Section B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section
D and all three Questions in Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in
such questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
I. 𝑐 = 3𝑋108 𝑚𝑠 −1
II. 𝑚𝑒 = 9.1 𝑋10−31 𝑘𝑔
III. 𝑚𝑝 = 1.7 𝑋10−27 𝑘𝑔

IV. 𝑒 = 1.6 𝑋10−19 𝐶

V. 𝜇𝑜 = 4π 𝑋10−7 𝑇𝑚𝐴−1
VI. ℎ = 6.63 𝑋10−34 𝐽𝑠
VII. 𝜀𝑜 = 8.854 𝑋10−12 𝐶 2 𝑁 −1 𝑚−2
VIII. Avogadro’s number = 6.023 𝑋1023 per gram mole

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 Section A
1 The following figure shows currents in a part of electrical circuit, then the [1]
value of I (in ampere) is given by:

(a) 0.3 A (b) 0.5 A (c) 1.3 A (d) 0.8A

2 Force between A and B is F. If 75% charge of A is transferred to B then force [1]

between A and B is :

F
(a) (b) 4F
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(c) F (d) 10F

3 Two horizontal thin long parallel wires, separated by a distance r carry [1]
current I each in the same directions. The net magnetic field at a point
midway between them, will be
(a) Zero
𝜇 𝐼
0
(b)(2𝜋𝑟 ) vertically downward

𝜇 𝐼
0
( c) ( 𝜋𝑟 ) vertically downward

2𝜇0 I
(d) ( ) vertically upward
r

4 A short bar magnet placed with its axis at 30°with a uniform external [1]
magnetic field of 0.25 T experiences a torque of magnitude equal to 4.5 x
10 -2 J. What is the magnitude of magnetic moment of the magnet?

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 (a)0.26 J/T (b) 0.36 J/T (c) 0.43 J/T (d) 0.30 J/T

5 In a coil of self - induction 10 H, the rate of change of current is 2 A s−1 . [1]

Then, e.m.f. induced in the coil is
(a) 10V (b) - 20 V (c) - 5 V (d) 5 V

6 If the amplitude of the magnetic field is 3 × 10 -6𝑡𝑒𝑠𝑙𝑎, then the amplitude of [1]
the electric field for a electromagnetic waves is
(𝑎) 900 𝑉/m (𝑏) 300 𝑉/m (𝑐) 600 𝑉/m (𝑑) 200 𝑉/m
7 A convex lens of focal length 10 cm is placed in contact with a concave lens [1]
of focal length 20cm. What is the nature and focal length of the combination?

(a) Concave,10cm (b) Convex, 10cm

( c ) Concave, 20cm (d) Convex, 20cm
8 An object is placed at the focus of a concave mirror. If the focal length of the [1]
mirror is 20cm, then the distance of image from the pole is
(a) 10cm (b) 20cm (c ) Infinity (d ) 40cm

9 In Young’s double slit experiment the distance between the slit and the [1]
screen is doubled and the separation between the slit is reduced to half.
The fringe width:

(a) is doubled (b) become four time

(c ) is halved (d) remain unchanged

10 The energy of hydrogen atom in its ground state is -13.6eV. The energy of [1]
level corresponding to n=5 is

(a)-0.54eV (b)-5.40eV (c)-0.85eV (d)-2.75eV

11 What will be the de-Broglie wavelength of an electron accelerated from rest [1]
through a potential difference of 100 volts?

(a) 12.3 Å (b) 1.23 Å (c) 0.123 Å (d) 123 Å

12 Which of the following diode is reverse biased [1]

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 (a) I (b) II (c) III (d) IV

13 Assertion: Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature. [1]

Reason: The electric and magnetic fields are perpendicular to each other
and perpendicular to the direction of propagation
(a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is
correct explanation for assertion.
(b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not
correct explanation for assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
(d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.

14 Assertion: In a simple microscope, the image formed is virtual, erect and [1]
magnified.
Reason: The object to be seen is held between the optical centre and
focus of the convex lens.
(a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct
explanation for assertion.
(b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not
correct explanation for assertion.
(c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
(d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is correct statement.

15 Assertion (A): Light from two coherent sources is reaching the screen. If [1]
3𝜆
the path difference at a point on the screen for yellow light is 2 , then the
fringe at that point will be coloured.

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 Reason (R): Two coherent source always have constant phase
relationship.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false. (d) A is false but R is true.

16 Assertion: Photoelectric saturation current increases with the increase in [1]

frequency of incident light.
Reason : Energy of incident photons increases with increase in frequency
and as a result photoelectric current increases
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false. (d) Both A and R are false

Section B
17 Electromagnetic waves with wavelength [2]
(i) λ1 is suitable for radar systems used in aircraft navigation.
(ii) λ2 is used to kill germs in water purifiers.
(iii) λ3 is used to improve visibility in runways during fog and mist conditions.
Identify and name the part of the electromagnetic spectrum to which these
radiations belong. Also arrange these wavelengths in ascending order of
their magnitude
18 What is a wave front? Using Huygens’ principle, explain reflection of a [2]
plane wave front from a surface and verify the laws of reflection

19 Using the curve for the binding energy per nucleon as a function of mass [2]
number A, state clearly how the release of energy in the processes of
nuclear fission and nuclear fusion can be explained

20 A concave lens made of material of refractive index ‘n2’is held in a reference [2]
medium of refractive index ‘n1’. Trace the path of parallel beam of light
passing through the lens when:
(i) n1 = n2 (ii) n1 > n2

21 Obtain an expression for the self-inductance of a long solenoid. Hence [2]

define one henry.

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 OR
Define mutual inductance. Write its SI unit. Give two factors on which the
coefficient of mutual inductance between a pair of coils depends.
Section C
22 (i) Two electric field lines cannot cross each other. Also, they cannot [3]
form closed loops. Give reasons.
(ii) A particle of charge 2𝜇 C and mass 1.6 g is moving with a velocity 4
𝑖̂ ms −1 . At t = 0 the particle enters in a region having an electric
field 𝐸⃗ (in NC −1 ) = 80 𝑖̂ + 60 𝑗̂ . Find the velocity of the particle at t
= 5 s.

23 Using Kirchhoff’s rules, calculate the current through the 40Ω and 20Ω [3]
resistors in the following circuit

24 Plot suitable graphs to show the variation of photoelectric current with the [3]
collector plate potential for the incident radiation of

(i) the same intensity but different frequencies𝜈1 , 𝜈2 and 𝜈3 ( 𝜈1 <𝜈2 <𝜈3
)

(ii) the same frequency but different intensities I1 , I 2 and I 3 (I 1 < I 2 < I
3 )
(iii) Monochromatic light of frequency 6.0 × 1014 Hz is produced by a
laser. The power emitted is 2.0 × 10–3W .Calculatethe number of
photons emitted on an average by the source.

25 (i) Define current sensitivity of a galvanometer. Write its expression. [3]

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 (ii) A square loop of side 20 cm
carrying current of 1 A is kept near an
infinite long straight wire carrying
current of 2A in the same plane as
shown in the figure. Calculate the
magnitude and direction of the net
force exerted on the loop due to the
current carrying conductor.

26 (i)V – I graph for a metallic wire at two different temperatures T1 and T2 is [3]
as shown in the figure. Which of the two temperatures is higher and why?

(ii) Two wires, one of copper and the other of manganin, have same
resistance and length. Which wire is thicker? Justify your answer.

27 (i)Write any two distinguishing features between conductors, [3]

semiconductors and insulators on the basis of energy band diagrams
(ii) The circuit has two oppositely connected ideal diodes in parallel. What
is the current flowing in the circuit?

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 OR
Draw V-I characteristics of a p-n junction diode. Answer the following questions,
giving reasons:
(i) Why is the current under reverse bias almost independent of the applied potential
up to a critical voltage?
(ii) Why does the reverse current show a sudden increase at the critical voltage?

28 Draw the circuit diagram of a full-wave rectifier using p-n junction diode. [3]
Explain its working and show the output and input waveforms

Section D

Question No. 29 and 30 are based on the given text. [4]

Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
29
A charged particle moving in a magnetic field experiences a force that is
proportional to the strength of the magnetic field, the component of the
velocity that is perpendicular to the magnetic field and the charge of the
particle.

This force is given by 𝑭 ⃗ = 𝒒(𝑣 × 𝐵 ⃗ ) where qis the electric charge of the
particle, vis the instantaneous velocity of the particle, and Bis the magnetic
field (in tesla). The direction of force is determined by the rules of cross
product of two vectors. Force is perpendicular to both velocity and
magnetic field. Its direction is given as 𝑣 × 𝐵 ⃗ if qis positive and opposite of
𝑣×𝐵 ⃗ if qis negative.

The force is always perpendicular to both the velocity of the particle and
the magnetic field that created it. Because the magnetic force is always
perpendicular to the motion, the magnetic field can do no work on an
isolated charge. It can only do work indirectly, via the electric field
generated by a changing magnetic field.

(i) When a magnetic field is applied on a stationary electron, it

a) moves in the direction of the field
b) remains stationary
c) moves perpendicular to the direction of the field
d) spins about its own axis

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 (ii) A proton is projected with a uniform velocity valong the axis of a current
- carrying solenoid, then
a) the proton will be accelerated along the axis
b) the proton will continue to move with velocity valong the axis
c) the proton moves along helical path
d) the proton path will be circular about the axis

(iii) A charged particle experiences magnetic force in the presence of

magnetic field. Which of the following statement is correct?
a) The particle is moving and magnetic field is parallel to velocity.
b) The particle is stationary and magnetic field is perpendicular.
c) The particle is moving and magnetic field is perpendicular to the
velocity.
d) The particle is stationary and magnetic field is parallel.

(iv) A charge qmoves with a velocity 2 ms−1 along x - axis in a uniform

⃗ = (𝑖̂ + 2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂ )T , then charge will experience a force
magnetic field 𝐵

a) along - z axis b) in z - y plane

c) along +z axis d) along - y axis
OR
An electron is moving along positive x- axis in a magnetic field which is
parallel to the positive y- axis. In what direction will the magnetic force be
acting on the electron?
a) along -x axis
b) along -z axis
c) along +z axis
d) along -y axis

30 Read the text carefully and answer the questions [4]

Basic postulates of Bohr’s atomic model:
(i) Every atom consists of a central core called nucleus in which entire
positive charge and mass of the atom are concentrated. A suitable number
of electrons revolve around the nucleus in circular orbit. The centripetal
force required for revolution is provided by the electrostatic force of
attraction between the electron and the nucleus.
(ii) Electron can resolve only in certain discrete non-radiating orbits, called

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stationary orbit. Total angular momentum of the revolving electron in an
integral multiple of h/2π.
where [h is plank constant]

(iii) The radiation of energy occurs only when an electron jumps from one
permitted orbit to another. The difference in the total energy of electron in
the two permitted orbit is absorbed when the electron jumps from inner to
the outer orbit and emitted when electron jumps from outer to inner orbit.
(i) The first postulate of Bohr atom model

(a) Explains stability of atoms

(b) Line spectrum emitted by hydrogen atom
(c) Relative variation in intensity of spectral lines
(d) None of the above

(ii)The angular momentum of electron in the second orbit of hydrogen

atom is

(a) 2π/h (b) h/π (c ) 3h/2π (d) h/2π

(iii) A set of atoms in an excited state jumps

(a) in general to any of the states of lower energy

(b) into a lower state, only when excited by an external electric field

( c ) all together simultaneously into a lower state

(d) to emit photons only when they collide

(iv).Bohr model explains the spectrum emitted by

(a) All atoms (b) Hydrogen and hydrogen like atoms

(c )Only hydrogen atom (d) All the above

OR

The radius of the innermost orbit of hydrogen atom is 0.53Å.The radius of

the second orbit is
(a)1.06 Å (b) 2.12 Å (c ) 21.2 Å (d) 10.6 Å

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 Section E

31 (i)Define the capacitance of a capacitor. Give its S I unit. [5]

(ii) Derive the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of
area A and plate separation d if a dielectric slab of thickness t (t<d) is
introduced between the plates of capacitor.
OR

(i)State Gauss’ law in electrostatics. Using this law derive an expression for
the electric field due to a uniformly changed infinite plane sheet.
(ii) A sphere S1 of radius r1 encloses a net charge Q. If there is another
concentric sphere S2 of radius r2 (r2 > r,) enclosing charge 2Q, find the ratio
of the electric flux through S1 and S2

32 (i) Draw a ray diagram showing refraction of a ray of light through a [5]
triangular glass prism. Hence, obtain the relation for the refractive
index (𝜇 ) in terms of angle of prism (A) and angle of minimum
deviation (𝛿m ).
(ii)A light ray entering a right-angled prism undergoes refraction at
the face AC as shown in Fig. 1. Find the refractive index of Prism.

OR

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 (i) Draw a ray diagram for the formation of the image of a point object
by a thin double convex lens having radii of curvatures R1 and R 2
and hence, derive lens maker’s formula.
(ii)For a plano-concave lens of radius of curvature 10 cm, the focal
length in air is 25 cm. Find the refractive index of the material of the
lens.

33 (i)Differentiate between the term inductive reactance and capacitive [5]

reactance of an ac circuit.
(ii)If the frequency of alternating current is tripled, how will it affect resistance
R, inductive reactance XL and capacitive reactance XC?
(iii) An alternating source of 220 V is connected to a circuit having a device
“A”, a current of 0.5 A flows, which lag behind the applied voltage in phase
by π/2. If the same voltage is applied to another device “B”, same current
flows but now it is in phase with the applied voltage.
(a) Name the devices A and B
(b) Draw the phasor diagram for device A

OR
(a) What is impedance?
(b) A series LCR circuit is connected to an ac source having voltage V =
V0 sin ωt . Derive expression for the impedance, instantaneous current
and its phase relationship to the applied voltage. Find the expression for
resonant frequency

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