1.

SQL
2. MY SQL
3. PL/SQL
4. N0 SQL
5. MICROSOFT SQL SEVER (MS SQL)
6. ORACEL
7. JSON
8. REGEX
9. PHP
10. RDBMS
11. O0RDBMS
12. CLOUD COMPUTING
13. CLOUD SERVER
14. MYSQL SERVER
15. AWS
16. FIREBASE
17. BIG DATA
18. MONGO DB
19. AMAZON AZURE
SQL
1.“STRUCTURED QUERY LANGUGAE”.
2.USED TO ACCES DATABSE

MYSQL
1.IT IS A DATABASE SOFTWARE.
2.IT IS A RELATIONAL DATABSE MANAGMENT SYSYTEM (RDBMS)
3.DEVLOPED BY ORACEL
4.LANGUAGE USED C,C++
PL/SQL:-
Pl/SQL stands for "Procedural Language extension of SQL" that is
used in Oracle.
PL/SQL tutorial provides basic and advanced concepts of SQL.
PL/SQL is a block structured language.
The programs of PL/SQL are logical blocks that can contain any
number of nested sub-blocks.
Microsoft SQL Server (MS SQL):-
Microsoft SQL Server is a relational database management
system (RDBMS) that supports a wide variety of transaction
processing, business intelligence and analytics applications
in corporate IT environments.
NO SQL:-mean “not only SQL,”

NoSQL is a type of database management system (DBMS) that is

designed to handle and store large volumes of unstructured and semi-
structured data.

NoSQL databases are often used in applications where there is a high

volume of data that needs to be processed and analyzed in real-time,
such as social media analytics, e-commerce, and gaming.

However, NoSQL databases may not be suitable for all applications, as

they may not provide the same level of data consistency and
transactional guarantees as traditional relational databases.

NoSQL databases are generally classified into four main categories:

1. Document databases: These databases store data as semi-

structured documents, such as JSON or XML, and can be queried
using document-oriented query languages.

2. Key-value stores: These databases store data as key-value pairs,

and are optimized for simple and fast read/write operations.

3. Column-family stores: These databases store data as column

families, which are sets of columns that are treated as a single entity.
They are optimized for fast and efficient querying of large amounts of
data.

4. Graph databases: These databases store data as nodes and edges,

and are designed to handle complex relationships between data.
ORACLE:-
Oracle database is a relational database management system.
It is also called OracleDB, or simply Oracle.
MONGO DB:-MONGO DB EK NOSQL DATABASE HAI JO
KI JSON LANGUAGE SUPPORT KARTA HAI.

Mongo DB is a document-oriented database

It stores data in a type of JSON format called
BSON.

A record in MongoDB is a document, which is a data

structure composed of key value pairs similar to the
structure of JSON objects.

Records in a MongoDB database are called

documents, and the field values may include
numbers, strings, booleans, arrays, or even nested
documents

{
title: "Post Title 1",
body: "Body of post.",
category: "News",
likes: 1,
tags: ["news", "events"],
date: Date()
}

The languages of cially supported and compatible with

MongoDB are:MTLB KI LANGUAGE KE SATH HUM
MONGO DB USE KAR SKTE HAI

1. C
2. C++
3. C#
4. Go
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5. Java
6. Kotlin
7. Node.js
8. PHP
9. Python
10.Ruby
JSON :-
JSON is a format for storing and transporting data.

JSON is often used when data is sent from a server

to a web page.

• JSON stands for JavaScript Object Notation

• JSON is a lightweight data interchange format
• JSON is language independent *
• JSON is "self-describing" and easy to understand
* The JSON syntax is derived from JavaScript object
notation syntax, but the JSON format is text only.
Code for reading and generating JSON data can be
written in any programming language.
How to Become a Data Analyst?
SQL, R, SAS, and Python are some of the sought-after
technologies for data analysis.

How to Become a Data Engineer?

If you are interested in a career as a data engineer, then
technologies that require hands-on experience include Hive,
NoSQL, R, Ruby, Java, C++, and Matlab. It would also help
if you can work with popular data APIs and ETL tools, etc.

How to Become a Database Administrator?

Some of the essential skills and talents of a database
administrator include database backup and recovery, data
security, data modelling, and design, etc. If you are good at
disaster management, it’s certainly a bonus.

How to Become a Data Scientist?

To become a data scientist, you have to be an expert in R,
MatLab, SQL, Python, and other complementary
technologies. It can also help if you have a higher degree in
mathematics or computer engineering, etc.
 What is NoSQL?
NoSQL is a new kind of database that is designed to meet
the needs of Big Data. NoSQL databases are scalable,
exible, and easy to use. They are also able to handle a
variety of data types, including structured, unstructured, and
semi-structured data. NoSQL databases are becoming
increasingly popular as the amount of data being collected
continues to grow at an exponential rate.

Advantages and Disadvantages of using NoSQL

When it comes to big data, there are two major database
types: NoSQL and traditional databases. Here we will
compare the advantages and disadvantages of using
NoSQL compared to traditional databases.

NoSQL databases are advantageous because they can

handle a large amount of data more ef ciently than
traditional databases. They are also more exible in terms of
schema, making it easier to add or change data.
Additionally, NoSQL databases are often faster than
traditional databases, which is important for time-sensitive
applications.

However, there are also some disadvantages to using

NoSQL databases. One downside is that they can be less
reliable than traditional databases because they use
eventual consistency rather than strong consistency. This
means that data may not be immediately available after an
update is made, which can lead to inconsistency issues.
Additionally, because NoSQL databases are relatively new,
there is less documentation and support available compared
to traditional database systems.
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 How Does NoSQL Di er from Traditional Database
Systems?
NoSQL is a type of database that does not use the
traditional table-based relational database model. NoSQL
databases are frequently referred to as "Not Only SQL"
databases to stress the fact that they may support SQL-like
query languages.

NoSQL databases are often used for storing large amounts

of data that are dif cult to model in a relational database.
For example, NoSQL databases can be used for storing
data from social media applications, Internet of Things
devices, and scienti c data sets.

One key difference between NoSQL and traditional

relational databases is that NoSQL databases do not have a
xed schema. This means that new data can be added to a
NoSQL database without having to rst de ne the structure
of the data in advance. This makes NoSQL databases more
exible and easier to scale than traditional relational
databases.
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Use Cases for NoSQL
There are many potential use cases for NoSQL databases,
as they are designed to provide high performance and
scalability while also being able to handle large amounts of
data. Some common examples include:

• Web applications that need to store large amounts of data

and handle high-traf c levels
• Mobile applications that must function of ine or with limited
connectivity.
• IoT applications that need to collect and store large amounts
of sensor data
• Real-time analytics applications that need to process large
volumes of data in near-real time

The future of Big Data

As the world becomes increasingly digitized, the volume of
data generated grows exponentially. Businesses must now
harness this Big Data or risk being left behind. The future of
Big Data lies in its ability to help companies make better
decisions, faster. In the past, data was stored in centralized
databases that were dif cult to scale. With the rise of
NoSQL databases, Big Data can be distributed across
multiple servers, making it more scalable and easier to work
with. NoSQL databases are also more exible than
traditional relational databases, as they can store data in a
variety of formats (e.g., JSON, XML). This makes them ideal
for handling unstructured data, which is becoming
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increasingly common. Finally, NoSQL databases are
designed for horizontal scalability, meaning they can easily
be scaled up or down as needed. This is crucial for
businesses that need to be able to quickly adapt to changes
in their data volumes (e.g., during peak periods). Overall,
NoSQL provides a number of advantages over traditional
relational databases that make it well-suited for handling Big
Data. As such, it is likely that NoSQL will play a major role in
the future of Big Data.

Challenges in the Adoption of NoSQL

One of the key challenges facing the adoption of NoSQL

databases is the lack of skills and experience among IT
professionals. There is a general lack of understanding of
how these databases work and how they can be used
effectively. This means that there is a lot of trial and error
involved in learning how to use them, which can lead to
frustration and ultimately discourage companies from using
them.

Another challenge is the lack of support from traditional

database vendors. Many vendors have been slow to
embrace NoSQL databases, and as a result, there is often
little or no support available for these products. This can
make it dif cult for companies to implement them properly
and get the most out of them.

Finally, NoSQL databases can be more expensive than

traditional relational databases. This is because they often
require more hardware and disk space due to their larger
data sets. For companies that are already struggling with
budget constraints, this can be a major barrier to adoption.
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Examples of Companies Using NoSQL
Some of the world’s biggest companies are using NoSQL
databases to power their businesses. Here are a few
examples:

• Facebook: The social media giant uses a custom-built

NoSQL database called Cassandra to handle its billions of
users and messages.
• Amazon: The e-commerce powerhouse uses DynamoDB, a
commercial NoSQL database, to power its website and
mobile apps.
• Google: The tech giant uses BigTable, a proprietary NoSQL
database, to store and index the vast amount of data on the
internet.
• LinkedIn: The professional networking site uses Apache
HBase, an open-source NoSQL database, to store its massive
amount of user data.
Conclusion
NoSQL is the future for Big Data storage and manipulation.
Not only does it offer increased scalability, but it also allows
developers to exibly store data using various models, from
key-value stores to graph databases. It has become popular
due to its low cost of implementation and ease of use,
allowing companies to quickly adapt their systems without
spending too much money or effort on development. With
NoSQL's bene ts becoming increasingly apparent in the
world of Big Data, we can expect a lot more businesses to
choose this technology over traditional relational databases
soon.
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