Chapter 13 Key Terms
22nd amendment Impeachment Passed in 1951, the amendment that limits presidents to two terms of office The political equivalent of an indictment in criminal law, prescribed by the Constitution. Impeachable offenses include treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. It is usually done along political lines and for political purposes Passed in 1933 and known as the Lame Duck Amendment, it changed the inauguration from March 4th to January 20th The events and scandal surrounding a break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters in 1972 and the subsequent cover-up of White House involvement, leading to the eventual resignation of President under the threat of impeachment Passed in 1967, this amendment permits the vice president to become acting president if both the vice president and the presidents cabinet determine that the president is disabled. The amendment also outlines how a recuperated president can reclaim the job A series of secret documents slipped to the press in 1971 by Daniel Ellsberg outlining Americas political and military involvement in Vietnam from 1945-1967. It was not a flattering portrayal of American foreign policy A book written by Arthur Schlesinger who was an aid to President Kennedy which argued that the presidency had become too powerful for the nations own good The second in command behind the president. Their only Constitutional duties are to preside over the Senate and cast tiebreaking votes if necessary A group of presidential advisors not mentioned in the Constitution, although every president has had one. Today the cabinet is composed of 14 secretaries and the attorney general
20th amendment Watergate
25th amendment
The Pentagon Papers
The Imperial Presidency The Vice President Cabinet
National Security Council
An office created on 1947 to coordinate the presidents foreign policy and military policy advisors. Its formal members are the president, the vice president, secretary of state, and the secretary of defense. It is managed by the presidents national security advisor. Known as the NSC. It is a major policy making institution within the executive branch A 3-member body appointed by the president to provide advice on economic policy. Known as the CEA. It is a major policy making institution within the executive branch An office that grew out of the Bureau of the Budget, created in 1921, consisting of a handful of political appointees and hundreds of skilled professionals. The OMB performs both managerial and budgetary functions. It is a major policy making institution within the executive branch The constitutional power of the president to send a bill back to Congress with the reasons for rejecting it. A 2/3 vote in each House can override a veto A veto taking place when Congress adjourns within 10 days of submitting a bill to the president, who simply lets it die by neither signing nor vetoing it 1996 law granting the president the authority to propose rescinding funds in appropriations bills and tax provisions that apply to only a few people. Once the president signed taxing or spending bills, he ahd five days to propose recissions; such recissions or cuts could only become law only if Congress passed them as separate bills which could then by subject to the presidential veto. In 1998, the Supreme Court declared the power unconstitutional in Clinton v. City of New York, 1998 Derogatory term for southern democrats that have defected from the democratic party to vote with the republicans on certain issues Term for conservative democrats; also known as Reagan Democrats These occur when voters cast their ballots for congressional candidates of the presidents/president-elect party because they supported the president/president-elect. Recent studies have shown that few races are won this way
Council of Economic Advisors Office of Management and Budget (OMB)
Veto
Pocket Veto
Line-Item Veto
Boll Wevils Blue Dog Democrats Presidential Coattails
Midterm Elections
These are congressional elections held in between presidential elections. The party in power historically loses seats in midterm elections. Also known as off-year elections. These are as binding as treaties, but do not require the consent of the Senate. They are usually routine, and deal with non-controversial subjects These are as binding as laws, but do not require the consent of Congress A law passed in 1973 in reactions to American fighting in Vietnam and Cambodia, requiring presidents to consult with Congress whenever possible prior to using military force and to withdraw forces after 60 days unless Congress declare war or grants an extension. Presidents view the resolution as unconstitutional The ability of Congress to override a presidential decision. Although the War Powers Resolution asserts this authority, there is reason to believe that, if challenged the Supreme Court would find this legislative veto in violation of the doctrine of separation of powers US Supreme Court case striking down the legislative veto on account of its violation of the separation of powers US supreme Court case defining executive privilege and limiting the presidents use of it in cases of national security The practice of temporarily or permanently stopping the flow of funds that Congress has already approved or diverting them to projects not originally intended Legislation creating the Congressional Budget Office and requiring congressional approval for the presidents use of impoundment; also created the budget Committees in each House, the CBO, and set a budget calendar US Supreme Court case upholding the constitutionality of internment camps for Japanese Americans US Supreme court case that strikes down the line-item veto, passed by Congress only two years earlier The person who most often deals with the press. They serve as a conduit of information from the White House to the press
Executive Agreements Executive Orders War Powers Resolution
Legislation veto
INS v. Chadha, 1983 U.S. v. Nixon, 1974 Impeachment
Budget and Impeachment Control Act, 1974 Korematsu v. US, 1944 Clinton v. NYC, 1998 The Press Secretary
