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A Machine Learning Approach to Early Heart Disease Paper

This document discusses a machine learning approach for early heart disease prediction using Logistic Regression, emphasizing the importance of predictive modeling in improving patient outcomes. The study evaluates various health indicators and demonstrates that machine learning can enhance diagnostic accuracy, enabling timely medical interventions. Future work aims to explore advanced models and larger datasets to further improve prediction capabilities.

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10 views6 pages

A Machine Learning Approach to Early Heart Disease Paper

This document discusses a machine learning approach for early heart disease prediction using Logistic Regression, emphasizing the importance of predictive modeling in improving patient outcomes. The study evaluates various health indicators and demonstrates that machine learning can enhance diagnostic accuracy, enabling timely medical interventions. Future work aims to explore advanced models and larger datasets to further improve prediction capabilities.

Uploaded by

saiesvar4
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH FOR EARLY HEART DISEASE

PREDICTION USING LOGISTIC REGRESSION


Mr. Sai Esvar P DR . C SATHYA,
Master of Computer Application, Assistant Professor
KGISL Institute of Information Department of Computer Science,
management KGiSL Institute of Information
Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Management, Coimbatore,
ABSTRACT
Tamil Nadu - 641035 Email :- [email protected]
[email protected]
prediction of heart disease using machine learning techniques plays a crucial role
in early diagnosis and improving patient outcomes. By leveraging patient health data,
including ECG readings, cholesterol levels, and blood pressure, various machine
learning models can be evaluated for predictive accuracy.

This study systematically assesses key indicators using Logistic Regression as the
primary predictive model. The proposed approach demonstrates the efficiency of ML
algorithms in medical diagnostics, assisting healthcare professionals in risk
assessment and early intervention. By integrating these methodologies into a
predictive model, the study aims to enhance the accuracy and reliability of heart
disease detection.

Keywords:
Heart Disease Prediction, Machine Learning, Logistic Regression, Healthcare
Analytics, Predictive Modeling

1.INTRODUCTION
Heart disease is a global health challenge, accounting for nearly 17.9 million deaths
annually, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) [1]. Early detection
plays a vital role in reducing mortality rates and improving treatment outcomes.
Traditional methods rely on ECG scans, blood tests, and clinical assessments,
which may not always be efficient for early diagnosis.
With advancements in Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI),
predictive has become a promising tool in healthcare decision-making. This study
implements Logistic Regression to predict heart disease risks using patient health
data. The objective is to develop a low-cost, automated predictive model that can
assist doctors, hospitals, and healthcare professionals in risk assessment.
The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: Section II covers the literature
review, Section III explains the methodology, Section IV presents the results and
discussion, and Section V concludes with future work.
II. LITERATURE REVIEW

Several research studies have explored the application of machine learning (ML)
techniques in heart disease prediction. Traditional diagnostic methods rely on ECG
readings, blood tests, and clinical assessments, which may not always detect early-
stage conditions.

To address this, researchers have investigated various ML models, including Logistic


Regression, Decision Trees, Support Vector Machines (SVM), and Neural Networks,
to improve diagnostic accuracy.

Neural Networks achieve high accuracy but demand substantial computational


resources. Hybrid models combining multiple techniques, such as ensemble learning,
have also shown promise in improving performance.

By leveraging these models, ML-driven approaches enhance early detection, aiding


timely medical intervention and improving healthcare outcomes.

III. EXISTING SYSTEM

Conventional heart disease detection relies on clinical examinations, including ECG


scans, cholesterol tests, and physician evaluations. However, these methods are time-
consuming and may fail to identify early-stage heart disease. Many existing
healthcare systems focus on retrospective analysis rather than predictive modeling,
leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment. Integrating machine learning can address
these limitations by providing real-time predictions and automated risk assessments.

IV. PROPOSED SYSTEM


The proposed system leverages advanced machine learning techniques to improve
heart disease prediction by integrating healthcare analytics. The process begins with
data preprocessing, where patient health data is cleaned and normalized to ensure
consistency and accuracy. Feature selection follows, identifying the most relevant
parameters that significantly impact heart disease prediction. In the training and
testing phase, various machine learning models, such as Logistic Regression, Support
Vector Machine, and Neural Networks, are evaluated to determine their effectiveness
in predicting risks. Finally, the predictive model is developed to analyze patient data
and forecast the likelihood of heart disease, offering a reliable tool for doctors to
make informed decisions.

II. METHODOLOGY
A. Dataset Description
The dataset used in this study is obtained from Kaggle and contains key health
features, including,Age,Cholesterol levels,Blood pressure,ECG results,Maximum
heart rate achieved
The target variable classifies patients into two categories:

 1 (Heart Disease Present)


 0 (No Heart Disease)

B. Data Preprocessing
1. Handling Missing Values: Missing data were replaced using mean
imputation.
2. Feature Scaling: Standardization using StandardScaler for normalization.
3. Train-Test Split: The dataset was divided into 80% training and 20%
testing data.

IV. RESULTS
A. Model Performance

The study demonstrated that machine learning-based predictive analysis significantly


enhances heart disease detection. Other models, such as Support Vector Machine and
Neural Networks, also exhibited promising results. This approach reduces
dependency on manual assessments and enables real-time decision-making in
healthcare.

B. Confusion Matrix Analysis


C. Limitations

 Logistic Regression assumes linear relationships, which limits its ability to


handle complex interactions.
 The dataset size affects generalization, and further testing on larger datasets
is needed.

V. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE ENCHANCEMENT

The integration of machine learning with predictive modeling has the potential to
transform heart disease diagnosis. By leveraging ML techniques, medical
professionals can identify high-risk patients at an early stage, enabling timely
interventions and reducing mortality rates.This research demonstrates that Logistic
Regression effectively predicts heart disease risk with an accuracy of 85%. Future
research will explore:

 Advanced ML models (SVM, Deep Learning)


 Larger datasets for improved accuracy
 Feature engineering techniques to enhance performance

VI. FUTURE ENCHANCEMENT


Future research may explore hybrid models combining deep learning techniques to
further improve accuracy. Additionally, incorporating real-time monitoring and
wearable device integration could enhance predictive capabilities and early diagnosis
efficiency.
VII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my guide, Mrs. Sathya, for continuous
support, insightful feedback, and invaluable guidance throughout this project. Their
expertise and encouragement have played a crucial role in the successful completion
of this work.

VI. REFERENCES

[1] Global Impact of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs): Cardiovascular diseases are a


leading cause of death globally, responsible for nearly 17.9 million deaths annually,
as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2023

[2] Machine Learning in Healthcare: The integration of machine learning techniques


in healthcare has proven beneficial, particularly in enhancing diagnostic accuracy,
predicting disease outcomes, and personalizing treatment plans. A study by Smith et
al. (2023) highlights significant advancements in the application of ML for improving
healthcare outcomes

[3] Heart Disease Prediction with Data Mining: Patel (2022) focuses on the use of
data mining techniques for predicting heart disease risk. By analyzing large datasets,
data mining algorithms can identify patterns and predict the likelihood of a patient
developing cardiovascular issues

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