Writing Skills

For XI & XII

Notes by

Meenal Deshmukh

N. M. College, Mumbai
LIST OF WRITING SKILLS

(As per the new syllabus, implemented from June 2019)

1. Note-Making
2. Summary Writing
3. Formal Letter
4. Email
5. Expansion of an Idea
6. Blog Writing
7. Review Writing
8. Appeal / Leaflet / Flyer
9. Report Writing
10. View – Counter View
11. Speech
12. Interview Questions
13. Compering
14. Dialogue Writing
15. Virtual Message
16. Statement of Purpose
17. Group Discussion

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 1. Note Making

Guidelines
• Use the format mentioned in the question.
• Decide the layout and prepare the note. Or
• Copy the incomplete note/diagram from the question. (if any)
• Complete the diagram by adding important details from the given
passage.
• Underline the points you have added.
• Don’t use sentences. Use only words and phrases.
• Number the points if necessary.
• Use punctuation effectively to reduce the writing.

Types of notes

1. Note in point form / linear form

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 2. Tree diagram

3. Table

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 4. Mind Mapping

Guidelines
• Use the format correctly
• Write the main topic in the middle /centre of the page
• Decide the layout and prepare the mind map
• Add ideas and points as per the requirement
• Show branching as per the flow of the information
• Use only words and phrases in every bubble or box
• Draw multiple levels of branching instead of clubbing the
information at one point
• Close all the points by circling or boxing them (use any shape
and write the points inside)
• Use around 9 (+title) points preferably at 3 levels

Template of the Mind Map:

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 An example of mind map

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2. Summary Writing

Guidelines
• Give a suitable title. (1-3 words)
• Title is compulsory.
• Write the gist / main ideas of the given passage in approximately
four sentences.
• Use the key words given in the question. (if any)
• Use only one paragraph.
• Don’t use examples.
• Don’t repeat the same idea.
• Use third person narrative.
• Don’t use unnecessary words or phrases like, ‘The passage is
about..., the writer says... ‘
• Use brief and compact sentences.
❖ Example of a summary (based on an unseen passage.)

Side-effects of using phones

High-frequency internet users always find it more difficult to focus on their

surroundings than others. According to a new research, these people are
more prone to distraction leading to cognitive failures. The study also
concludes that excessive use of mobile phones whether with, or without
internet access is similarly associated with distraction. However, it is still
not clear if digitally active people are more distracted because of their
excessive online activity or due to their naturally short attention control.

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3.Letter Writing (Formal)

Guidelines
• Follow the format correctly.
• Language in the content should be formal, correct and appropriate.
• The approach while writing should be humble and clear.
• Prefer small and simple sentences.
• Keep the content brief and to the point.
• Use three paragraphs in the content.

Format of the formal letter:

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4. Email Writing

Guidelines
• Modern way of communication
• It’s mostly used for formal communication these days.
• Layout or format can slightly vary depending on the online
platform. Some basic features are common and should be used.
• Write the email address of the receiver after ‘to’ in the top box.
• Mention the subject briefly in the box, below the receiver’s email
address box.
• Salutation can be, Sir/Madam/ Dear sir/ dear madam...etc.
• Write the main content in approximately three paragraphs in the
main body of the email.
• Complementary close can be, Regards / with regards /warm
regards...etc.
• Mention full name, address and phone number of the sender at the
end. It’s called email signature.
Email format (some examples)

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From:
To:
CC:
Subject:
Date Time

Salutation,
Content (Three paragraphs)

Thank you.

Regards,
Name
Residence/ office address
Phone number

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5. Expansion of an idea

Guidelines
• It’s like guided essay writing.
• Write on the given topic with reference to the points.
• Language in the content should be formal, correct and appropriate.
• Write in three parts
First paragraph – Introduction
Second paragraph – Content (expand the given points)
Third paragraph – Conclusion (gist of the content, final
message, use a quote similar to the main topic if possible)
• Length – approximately 1 side of the page

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6.Blog Writing

Guidelines
• Blog is an online journal, post or writing on the website page
displaying information
• It is presented in the reverse chronological order.
• It’s a way of expressing yourself on the given digital platform.
• In the question paper the topic will be given with the guidelines.
• Draw the layout of the blog page.
• Use menu bar, side bar and the footer.
• The header has the menu or navigation bar and the name of the
blog
• The main content area has latest blog posts on the given topic as
a title of the post
• The sidebar has social profiles, favourite content or other actions.
• The footer has the relevant information like disclaimer, copyright
statement, privacy policy and contact page, email address or
website address etc.
• The various bars can have Blog characteristics i.e. archives,
comments etc.
• Write in the middle of the page in approximately three paragraphs
under the given title.
• Language should be lively, interactive, informal and easy to
understand.

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 • Blog Layout

- Recent
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Menu Share Follow us on…

Comments
Blog content

@2020 Presented by INDIAN WRITERS.COM Previous

posts

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14
Examples of a blog post
- Menu Share About the
Elysian for junior college writer
Mr. Tushar Bagwe

Comments
Child Labour – a curse to humanity
Recent posts
The term, ‘Child Labour’ itself makes me shudder. Childhood is a time to be enjoyed,
to have fun and play games; not to labour. But the unfortunate fact is that children in
India, and in many other countries too, are made to do the worst forms of labour. In -
India, lakhs of poor children are forced to work, baking bricks, making fireworks,
weaving carpets, rolling beedis, picking rags, working as domestic servants, waiters, -
etc. and this is just the tip of the iceberg. Children are also sexually exploited or made
to work as beggars. Things are worse now with terrorist camps apparently recruiting
children for training. -
While we condemn child labour, we also know the cause of this malady. It is due to
poverty. The natural disasters, family debts, and the like. Well then, what can we, as Follow us on
concerned citizens, do to prevent this? In addition to talking and writing about it ? First
of all, we can boycott those goods made by using child labour, high on this being
fireworks. We can complain to authorities when we see a child being forced to work.
We can report beggars; we can contribute or volunteer to work for NGOs.
However, the most sure-fire method of eradicating this problem is through education.
Education is the only single solution, and through education many of the ills bogging
down our nation can be cured. So, those who see a child employed somewhere,
please raise your voice. Child labour is certainly a curse to humanity.

©2020 Presented by Plustwolevel blogspot.com

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7. Review Writing

Guidelines
• Review of any work is to be written in analytical style
discussing various aspects of the work.
• Review can be written of a movie, book, play, documentary or
a TV show.
• Covering the central idea or theme and story line along with
critical appreciation of the work is expected in the review. The
important factual details are to be mentioned as well.
• Use a suitable title with the name of the work and a tag line.
• The credits, factual details and star ratings etc. can be given in the
beginning, in point form.
• Write the review in three parts.
First part – Main storyline
Second part – Main aspects of the work like for a movie acting,
direction, cinematography, music and use of the special
techniques should be analysed.
Third part – Other aspects of the movie with final comment and
conclusion
• Approximate length: 1 side of the page

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 • Movie Review
Guidelines:
• Select a movie of your choice and write its review.
• Cover the following points in the review.
i. Type of the movie: Romantic, fantasy, musical, historical,
thriller, comedy, adventure, detective, spy, horror, science
fiction or documentary etc.
ii. Direction: Director’s style of presentation e.g. Smooth and
simple story telling, going back and forth in different time
zones, through one or different characters, sensationalized,
tantalizing, leaving the audience spellbound or nail biting etc.
iii. Characterization: The main characters and the actors who
played them, who’s the protagonist? The graph of the
characters, are they well sketched or flat etc.
iv. Cinematography: Quality of the camera work, types of shots –
long shot or close-up, relevance to the story etc.
v. Screenplay: The script and dialogues, their quality and
relevance, natural or artificial, do they cover the journey well?
Etc. The plot – what happens in the story? Only the most
important part. The problem or the issue handled in the story,
how do the characters deal with it and what solution do they
find? Conclusion without mentioning the key twists.
vii. Setting: Place, is it real or imaginary? Rural or urban? Foreign
or local? Time period, Present time or past or future.
viii. Technical elements: Sound track, music, background music,
sound effects, dance and action sequences, shooting
locations, indoor or outdoor? Real or sets? Foreign or local?
are these elements up to the mark? Are they relevant?
Costumes and make up, sets or real locations, use of
technology like VFX etc. Appropriate or not?
ix. Music: Are there any songs? Are they relevant? Too many?
Going smooth with the story? Songs and music, it’s quality?
Memory value?
x. Comparison: With the earlier work of the People in the movie
or comparison with similar movies
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 xi. Critical appreciation: Your opinion or overall opinion e.g.,
Realistic, engrossing, drab, vague etc. Any awards or
appreciation won?

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Example

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 • Book Review

Guidelines:
• Select a book of your choice and write its review.
• Cover the following points in the review.
1. Give the factual details like the name of the book, writer, publication, year of
publication, genre etc. in the beginning in point form.
2. Begin with a Brief Summary of The Book
This is probably the best way to introduce any review because it gives context
but make sure to not go into too much detail. Keep it short and sweet.
3. Pick Out the Most Important Aspects of The Book
It can be the character, world-building, themes, and plot. But this might vary
between books, genres, and the taste of the reader. Dedicate a paragraph to
each of these important aspects, discussing how well the author dealt with it,
along with what you enjoyed and what you didn’t enjoy.
4. Include Brief Quotes as Examples
Including quotes is always a great idea, because it gives examples for
everything that you’re saying! If your review talks about a character being
particularly witty, a witty line from the character lets your readers see exactly
what kind of witty character you’re dealing with here.
But be careful: lengthy quotes can take up big chunks of space and
overpower your review. Short quotes will usually get your points across while
letting your work shine through.
5. Write a Conclusion That Summarizes Everything
Like your introduction, keep your conclusion short and sweet! It should bring
up the main points of your review, along with your overall opinion of the book.
6. Find the references of Similar Books
A great way to wrap up a review is to find similar books to the one you’re
reviewing. So, you can say, “if you were a fan of X book, I think you’ll
definitely like this one!” You can also be more specific, looking at the exact
things that might make two books similar. So, you can suggest something
like… “if you liked that the main character in X book was a kick-ass
superhero, then you’ll love the main character of this book!”
7. Give it a Star Rating A star rating is obviously encouraged in a lot of review
sites, but they’re not necessary! If you do want to give a star rating, you can
go the conventional “out of five/ten” route. You could also try something
slightly less conventional, and break down your star-rating into different
categories for character/plot/world-building, etc.

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EX. BOOK REVIEW

THE BLUE UMBRELLA BY RUSKIN BOND

Title :The Blue Umbrella, Author: Ruskin Bond, Year of publication: 1980 (originally published 1974)Publisher:
Rupa Publications, Genre: Children’s Novel, Language: English, Rating: 5 stars

Among all Ruskin Bond books, The Blue Umbrella has, so far, gathered immense applaud from readers and
critics alike. This is a short novel, but the kind of moral lessons it teaches to us are simply overwhelming.

This is a story of Binya, a poor little girl living with her mother and an elder brother, Bijju, in a small hilly village
of Garhwal. She’s poor but a genuinely happy soul. “She was always ready with her smile, and would willingly
have lent it to anyone who was feeling unhappy.”

One day while herding her two cows back home, she stumbles upon some city people enjoying the picnic in
the valley. She is enthralled to see them well-groomed and rich. She craves to be one like them and among
many other things of their, a blue frilly umbrella catches her attention. She begins craving for it. On the other
hand, the city people get attracted by her innocent beauty and the pendant in her neck. The pendant consists
of leopard’s claw – which is considered a mascot widely in the hills. Binya trades her pendant off with the blue
umbrella.

The blue umbrella is so much beautiful that soon it becomes a topic of conversation for villagers and children
adore her umbrella so much that every time they feel like to touch or hold it. “Unlike the adults, the children
didn’t have to pretend. They were full of praise for the umbrella. It was so light, so pretty, so bright a blue! And
it was just the right size for Binya. They knew that if they said nice things about the umbrella, Binya would smile
and give it to them to hold for a little while—just a very little while!” Binya is on seventh heaven and rarely closes
it because she believes it looks charming when it is opened.

Ram Bharosa runs a small shop where he sells food items, grocery, and soft drinks without a refrigerator. He
is so much envied by the umbrella that he decides to own it at any condition. So, he extends a proposal for
buying the umbrella from Binya. But she refuses the offer. The refusal turns him off. Very soon, he hires a boy
from the neighbouring village to work at his shop. The boy being loyal to him steals the umbrella from Binya
when she is out in the jungle collecting porcupines’ quills.

Ironically, the boy is caught by Bijju. When the boy reveals Ram Bharosa’s name behind the stealing, the
villagers ostracize him and also stop visiting his shop. As a result, Ram Bharosa suffers a loss and his livelihood
comes on the verge of end. Binya feels sad about Ram Bharosa’s situation and she reproaches herself for his
suffering. Next, she donates her umbrella to Ram Bharosa. In return, Ram gifts her pendant with a bear’s claw
in it, which is considered even luckier than of leopard’s.

The Blue Umbrella by Ruskin Bond is a children’s book. The story is short and simple but elegantly touches the
core aspect of humanity - kindness. Through Binya Ruskin instils a sense of kindness among children. It is an
amazing read for all. If you are a Ruskin Bond fan, this is a great literary treat of typical Ruskin Bond style of
writing, heart warming and optimistic stories woven in the mountains.

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8. Appeal / Leaflet / Flyer

Guidelines
• Topic can be related to any social or environmental issue or any
activity like a camp, rally, drive, campaign etc.
• Give a suitable title with the key words and use of Alliteration,
rhyming or a tag line.
• Give introduction to explain the idea or convince the readers to
follow.
• Content should have all the possible information and explanation.
• Leaflet is informative in nature like a brochure and appeal is
persuasive in nature like a pamphlet. Language and approach will
be different in both but the format and layout is similar.
• Content should be of around 120 words.
• Use quotations, point format, bullet points, small couplet like
paragraphs.
• Use different fonts, punctuation marks and underlined words to
make the presentation attractive.
• Use simple and suitable drawings/ logo.
• Add a bottom line at the end.

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 Examples:

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9. Report Writing

Guidelines
• Give a suitable and interesting title with the key words and use of a tag line, Alliteration
or rhyming if possible.
• Write the dateline with 1. The source of the news e.g. Name and Student Reporter /
College correspondent etc. 2. The date of the event e.g. 23 January 3. Place of the event
• Write an introduction in the first paragraph with all the necessary factual details related to
the ‘Wh’ questions about the event or incident.
• Write the content in the following paragraph giving detailed information about the event.
• Use formal language and appropriate vocabulary.
• The answer expected will mostly be the report of any college event required for the
college magazine.

Example:

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10. View – Counter view

Guidelines
• Use a suitable title and write the counterview in the form of a
paragraph.
• Counter every point from the view side of the argument.
• Write the opposite side of the view in the answer like an
argumentative essay.
• Make a counter argument with a logical and strong
statement. Underline the counter statements if necessary.
• Attack the key words in the view side point and prove it
wrong.
• Explain / justify the statement in a paragraph.
• Use introduction and conclusion if necessary.
Example: (a view-counterview published in the magazine)

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11. Speech

Guidelines
• Use semi-formal language
• Write the draft for an interactive and lively speech.
• Use quotations, questions with brief answers, rhetorical questions,
question tags, exclamations wherever possible. Start the speech
with a question, a striking statement or a quote if possible.
• Make sure the speech is interesting. Use examples in the form of
quotations (lines of poems, prose, proverbs etc.) narration of any
incident, anecdotes, stories, jokes etc.
• Give an introduction in the first paragraph. Greet the audience.
Mention the topic of the speech, the occasion or purpose of the
speech, introduce yourself, your role. Use an impressive quote,
lines of poetry, some interesting piece of information or some
question making the audience think and respond briefly.
• Discuss the different aspects (related points) of the given topic in
2-3 paragraphs of the content.
• Give the main statement, highlights of the speech, final message
in the conclusion at the end.
• Thank the audience at the end of the speech and end the speech
appropriately.

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12. Interview Questions

Guidelines
• Mention the basic details of the interviewee in the beginning i. e.
The name, field of the interviewee. Place and date of the interview,
time duration of the session etc.
• Ask approximately 8 questions to interview the person.
• Frame a statement as the background information before framing
the question.
• Frame only Wh-questions
• Use the table form if provided in the question paper and use the
given points while framing the questions.
• Start the interview with a question related to any recent work or
achievements or the background of the person.
• Cover the journey of the person’s life and work through the
questions.
• Conclusion questions can be related to the message or advice for
the people.
• Use the given points for reference if provided in the question
paper. Write questions only related to the points given in the
question.
• Don’t ask questions with brief answers, especially verbal
questions.
• Don’t ask questions related to private life.
• Don’t ask questions with obvious answers or commonly known
facts.
• Study the interviews available in various media and understand
the technique of asking meaningful and sensible questions.

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13. Compering

Guidelines
• Compering or anchoring is used during a programme to put the
various performances together.
• Script of compering should be written with the central idea of the
program in mind.
• Give a general introduction about the central idea of the program.
• Narrate the inauguration ceremony.
• Give the outline of the program.
• Introduce every entry one by one along with a comment on the
entry and request the audience to give an applause after the entry.
(Use 3-5 entries)
• Use fillers in the form of jokes, stories, quotes etc. If necessary.
• Conclude the programme by making a positive comment and
giving the vote of thanks at the end.
• Use interactive language and appropriate vocabulary.

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14. Dialogue Writing

Guidelines
• Write the script of the dialogue on the given topic using the given
details and creating an imaginary situation.
• Write the background giving details about the place, time,
characters in the dialogue etc.
• Mention the names of the characters in the margin and write their
spoken expressions.
• Add brackets mentioning their actions if any.
• Use spoken language suitable to the age, gender and personality
of the characters.
• Don’t use code mixing.
• Use decent and grammatically correct language.
• Use approximately 2+2 dialogue for the introduction mentioning
the gestures of communication like hi, how are you? etc., 8+8
dialogue for the content discussing the aspects of the given topic
and 2+2 for the conclusion with the gestures of communication like
bye-bye, see you etc.

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 15. Drafting Virtual Message

Guidelines
• Mention briefly the important details based on the given
information.
• Write the answer as per the word limit given in the question.
(50-150 words)
• Frame grammatically correct sentences.
• Use Indirect or reported speech.
• Use simple language.
• Don’t use abbreviations or short forms.
• Keep friendly and polite approach.
• Avoid ambiguity or confusion.
• Format:
1. Mention the date and time
2. Write the name of the receiver
3. Write the content or body of the message in one paragraph
4. Mention the name of the sender at the end
Example:
Q. Imagine you are a Sales Executive Officer of a company producing office
stationery. You were told to meet 3 clients during the day and discuss your products;
diary, calendar and other stationery items and try to get orders from them. After
these meetings you were supposed to meet the manager and report the details of
the meetings to him /her. As the manager wasn’t present in the office in the evening,
you need to leave a message for him /her. Write the draft of the virtual message in
around 100 words. Add details as per the requirement.
Ans. 1)
11th January, 2021 7.00 pm
Mr. Shah,
As you are aware that the meetings with the three companies were scheduled for
today and I am happy to report to you that they went successfully. Company A and
B were quite impressed with our creatives for the New year diary and calendar that

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we recently launched. Company A has chosen the theme 'Nature' for both diary and
calendar to maintain consistency. Company B chose two different themes for both
the diary and calendar. The theme 'space' for calendar and the theme 'vibrant' for
the diary. Company C had a different theme in mind the details of which have been
sent to our creative department and I have sent CC to you. I have also attached
their demand for other stationery in the mail sent to you. They expect to receive
their products by the end of the next week.
Saumya Jain
(Sales executive)
(Answer by Ms. Saumya Jain, SYJC B 2020 - 21)
2)
10th January, 2020 4pm
Mr. Michael,
As per your instructions, I met a few of our potential clients and I made a pitch to
them about our newly launched diary and calendar. I am happy to inform you that
the pitch was nearly successful! I made an amazing deal with Narayan Enterprise
and Seemati who gave a huge order. While, Vipul & Sons, weren’t much impressed
even with the extra 3% discount, due to which they refused to order right away.
Nevertheless, I’m going to take a quick follow-up with them by the end of the day.
Dwight Schrute
(Sales Executive)
(Answer by Ms. Hitanshi Lalan SYJC B 2020 - 21)
3)
11th January 2020 3:45pm
Mr. Lambert,
This is to inform you that I conducted meetings with our prospective clients today
and they went well. I could tell you that they were very impressed by our products
and ideas. However, they wish to conduct another meeting for price negotiations.
They are looking forward to a sample design of a custom made diary and calendar
for each of their companies in a week. The creative department has started working
on the project. I have arranged the next level of meetings with each one of them
individually in the coming week. I have shared the schedule for the same by mail.
Tanisha
(Answer by Ms. Tanisha Hemani SYJC B 2020-21)

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34
 16. Statement of Purpose (SOP)

Guidelines
• Statement of Purpose is an essay covering the important details
of your personality and achievements with reference to the
course you have applied for. You have to discuss your purpose
with which you are pursuing the particular programme. You need
to justify and support your choice and decision to apply for the
particular course and the university you have selected for further
studies.
• Format of the SOP
Write the answer as per the word limit given in the question. (150 –
500 words)
Write the answer in approximately 5-6 paragraphs covering the
following points:
1. First paragraph – Introduction (Personal background,
mindset, aim in life)
2. Second paragraph – The reason to join the course, area of
interest
3. Third paragraph – The qualities suitable for the career goal
4. Fourth paragraph – Experience in the field, special factor in
your personality
5. Fifth paragraph – Conclusion (How will the course benefit you
in career)
• Essential points to be covered in an SOP:
1. The course applied for
2. Reasons for pursuing the particular programme
3. The reasons for selecting a particular University/ Institute.
4. Additional skills you planning to gain from the course
5. Your specialties.

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36
Examples of SOP:

Q. Write an SOP to apply for the Batchelor’s degree in law at

the Yale University, USA. Being from a lawyers’ family you
are naturally inclined towards judiciary system. You have
won many awards at various at school and college level
competitions. Reading and meeting new people are your
favourite hobbies and you have worked with an NGO during
your summer vacation. You had taken part in the human
rights movement for the local people from rural area of
Vidarbha region of Maharashtra.

Ans.: Being surrounded by lawyers all my life and having that

innate quality to argue my case, it was no surprise to anyone
when I decided that I wished to be a lawyer. The strong urge to
let my point be heard no matter who I was up against, is
something that ran deep in the blood of my family. From
childhood I always enjoyed elocution and speaking in front of
everyone. It always gave me a sense of satisfaction when I could
captivate the audience and have them cling on to my every word.
While growing up my ideal career was always changing until one
day, I saw a case my father argued. His client was a young lady
who everyone believed was guilty to the point she herself had
given up hope of ever winning the case. To everyone’s surprise
my father did win the case and I will never forget the young lady’s
face. It will forever be etched in my memory and that was the day
I decided that if I had the capabilities and qualities to become a
lawyer that could empower people, then I should try my best to
become such a lawyer.

Yale is definitely the dream university of many young students

such as myself. Apart from being an Ivy League institute, Yale
offers diverse courses that help in the all-round development of a
student. The opportunities provided are endless and I hope that I
can make good use of them and enrich myself in the process.

37
 After carefully looking through the course, I have realised how
well suited it is for an individual like me. During my school years
I have participated in various inter-school and inter-college
events. I have had the honour of winning the “National Forum
Debate Competition” twice in a row. I have placed first in the 45th
International Commonwealth Elocution Competition with
participants from more than 25 countries. I was extremely lucky
to win “Best Delegate” in the mock UN held by IIMUN and had a
chance to interact with a few delegates. The following year I was
invited by IIMUN to chair one of their mock UNs. I have
participated in various other elocution competitions and once had
the honour of representing my country at the International Public
Speaking Competition, in which I placed third. Last summer I had
a wonderful opportunity to work with the “Care India” NGO. I
teamed up with a few other students and with our legal knowledge
we helped fight the human rights battle of the rural people from
the Vidarbha region. I have completed my under graduation at
the prestigious NLSIU Bangalore – National Law School of India
University and I wish to continue the rest of my education at a
renowned university such as Yale.

In the words of Nelson Mandela, “Education is the most powerful

weapon you can use to change the world” I hope to continue my
educational journey and do my very best to become a successful
lawyer with the help of the Yale university. I am confident that
Yale can help me bring out the best in me and one day I hope to
become a proud alumnus of Yale.

Written by Ms. Ishani Dukle (SYJC H 2020-21)

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 17. Group Discussion

Guidelines
• It’s a discussion among a few people to find a solution to some
problem or discussing various aspects of a topic
• Group discussion can be part of the selection process of a job
or a course
• Communicate fluently and use the language effectively in the
group discussion
• Use relevant content and information
• Continue from the latest statement
• Use a question, a striking statement or a quote to grab attention
• Express ideas briefly in around 3-4 sentences or share a
comment in 1-2 sentences
• Agree giving supporting details or Bring new ideas and
perspectives on the topic
• Stay on track
• Use vocabulary effectively
• Summarize while concluding
• Closure statement at the end
• Imagine a group discussion based on the given information and
write the answer.
• Usually 4 to 5 participants and an evaluator are the characters
of the group discussion

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 Layout of the answer:

1. Introduction (first 2-3 dialogues)

Explain the topic, current situation, importance, gravity of the issue,
the need to address the problem
2. Content/ Discussion (next 4-5 dialogues)
Cover the various aspects of the topic, express your opinion, agree
or give a different perspective on the topic, share various ideas as
solution
3. Conclusion (last 2-3 dialogues)
Summarize the main points, make a final statement as closure
argument

The End

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