Pimpri Chinchwad Education Trust’s

Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering

Sector No 26, Pradhikaran, Nigdi, Pune-411044

Formative Assessment - I
For

Open Elective IV Smart City and Building Automation

Entitled: Smart Building for Elderly and Disabled

Submitted by:

Name PRN
Prastuti Motghare 122B1B185
Sourav Narvekar 122B1B193
Tejashreeraje Panaskar 122B1B199
Rohit Pawar 122B1B222

Under the Guidance of

Shilpa Motegaonkar

TY B.Tech (COMPUTER ENGINEERING)

2024-25 (Semester II)
 Table of Contents:

1.​Introduction
2.​Objectives
3.​Methodology and Approach
4.​Features and Benefits
5.​Social Impact
6.​Tools and Technologies To Be Used
7.​Challenges and Considerations
8.​Conclusion
1. Introduction:

The fast-expanding urban populations and rising life expectancy have established a need for
intelligent infrastructure to provide safety, accessibility, and convenience for older and
disabled persons. In conventional buildings, physically impaired, visually impaired, and
cognitively impaired people are confronted with numerous difficulties in their daily
activities, including switching lights on and off, controlling the temperature of a room, and
locking doors. These restrictions bring about loss of autonomy and the need for dependency
on caregivers.

A Smart Building System using advanced technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI),
the Internet of Things (IoT), voice control, and health monitoring wearables can offer an
intelligent, accessible, and secure space to elderly and disabled people. This project intends
to implement a completely automated home system with:

✔ AI-enabled voice control to handle appliances, to maintain hands-free access.

✔ IoT-driven automation to control lighting, temperature, and security according to
real-time user requirements.
✔ Wearable health monitoring devices that monitor heart rate, oxygen levels, and falls to
offer immediate medical care.
✔ Intelligent security solutions like biometric access and facial recognition to provide
secure entry and exit.
✔ Emergency alert systems that alert caregivers and medical staff in the event of health
irregularities.

Through the integration of these technologies, the project seeks to promote independent
living while maintaining safety, convenience, and energy efficiency. This system is
particularly beneficial for elderly people who live alone, as well as for disabled people who
need accessibility improvements in their daily lives.
2. Objectives
The major goals of this project are:

●​ Enhance Accessibility: The system facilitates voice and gesture automation of

lighting, doors, and appliances. It supports real-time home personalization and
includes an easy-to-use interface for those with speech or vision impairments,
making it convenient.

●​ Security and Emergency Response: Biometric smart locks and facial recognition
eliminate physical keys. Fall detection sensors automatically alert authorities in
case of emergencies. AI-driven security monitoring detects intrusions and
suspicious behavior and provides a safe living space.

●​ Health Monitoring and Emergency Response: Wearable sensors monitor heart

rate, temperature, and movement. An AI-driven emergency system notifies
caregivers in case of irregularities. A 24/7 health monitoring dashboard gives
real-time feedback to caregivers and family members.

●​ Energy Efficiency and Cost Reduction: Automated AI-based control adjusts

cooling, heating, and lighting according to occupancy. Scheduling for appliances
reduces energy loss. Solar panels and renewable energy sources are integrated
into the system for sustainable and cost-effective power management

●​ Promote Independent Living: An AI-based chatbot offers personal support. The

system is tailorable to suit individual requirements. A mobile application
facilitates remote home management, and users can control their surroundings
remotely.

●​ Scalability and Future Expansion: The system is scalable to hospitals, old age
homes, and rehabilitation facilities. It accommodates future AI and robotics
developments and is integrated with external healthcare databases for long-term
health tracking
3. Methodology and Approach

3.1 System Components

●​ Voice-Controlled Home Automation:

●​ Utilizes AI-driven natural language processing (NLP) to identify and perform
voice commands.
●​ Supports several languages and dialects to accommodate a wide variety of users.

●​ Wearable Health Monitoring Device

●​ Fitted with ECG, SpO2, temperature, and motion sensors to monitor vital signs
continuously.
●​ Transmits real-time health information to caregivers through a cloud-based
mobile application.

●​ Emergency Alert System

●​ AI-driven fall detection monitors body movement patterns and provides
immediate alerts.
●​ Includes geofencing to monitor users in the event of disorientation or wandering
behavior.

●​ Smart Security System

●​ Utilizes biometric verification, facial recognition, and motion sensors for
security at entry points.
●​ Automatically unlocks doors for authenticated users and sends notifications for
unauthorized access.

●​ AI-Based Energy Management

●​ Adapts to user behavior to automatically optimize lighting and climate controls.
●​ Incorporates smart power grids for optimized energy use and cost savings.
3.2 Working Mechanism
1.​ User provides verbal commands OR motion triggers are sensed through
wearable.
2.​ Command is processed through AI OR the emergency is recognized.
3.​ System performs action required (lighting, lock, temperature, etc.).
4.​ Real-time data monitoring through IoT sensors (health, security, environment).
5.​ Emergency alerts generated during distress situations.
6.​ Caregiver and emergency numbers receive notifications.

4 Features and Benefits

4.1 Key Features

●​ Voice and AI-Based Home Control
●​ Makes it possible for hands-free usage of necessary devices using AI-assisted
voice controls.
●​ Multi-language support for enhanced accessibility.

●​ Wearable Health Monitoring

●​ Monitors vital signs of heart rate, oxygen saturation, and activity trends
continuously.
●​ Delivers automatic caregiver alerts in situations of unusual medical conditions.

●​ Fall Detection & Emergency Response

●​ Monitors sudden slips or immobility using AI-driven sensors.
●​ Initiates automatic emergency notifications among family members or medical
professionals.

●​ Smart Security & Accessibility

●​ Bridges facial recognition and biometric verification for improved security.
●​ Automatically unlocks doors for pre-registered occupants, providing access and
security.

●​ Energy Efficiency & Smart Power Management

●​ AI manages lighting, heating, and cooling according to occupancy and user
behavior.
 ●​ Saves energy and reduces utility bills through integration with renewable energy
sources
.
4.2 Benefits
●​ Improved Independence
●​ Enables elderly and disabled people to undertake daily tasks autonomously.
●​ Less dependence on caregivers while encouraging autonomy.

●​ Enhanced Safety and Security

●​ Offers immediate emergency response via fall detection and health monitoring.
●​ Guarantees secure access control with facial recognition and biometric
verification.

●​ Enhanced Energy Efficiency

●​ Reduces energy wastage via AI-driven automation of electrical devices.
●​ Saves on electricity bills by optimizing power consumption according to
real-time requirements.

●​ Caregiver Peace of Mind

●​ Facilitates remote health and home monitoring through a mobile app.
●​ Offers instant alerts in the event of medical emergencies, allowing timely
intervention.

5 Social Impact

The Smart Building for Elderly and Disabled project has a significant social impact, solving
major issues of elderly people and people with disabilities. Through the integration of AI,
IoT, and real-time health monitoring, the system greatly improves independent living,
accessibility to healthcare, and emergency response, creating a safer and more inclusive
society.

5.1 Key Social Benefits:

●​ Empowering Independence & Dignity
●​ Facilitates older and disabled people to perform daily activities independently
without relying on constant caregiver assistance.
 ●​ Minimizes dependency on family members or outside aid, enhancing autonomy
and dignity.
●​ Offers personalized automation that learns to accommodate the user's
preferences and capabilities.

●​ Transforming Healthcare through Real-Time Monitoring

●​ Preventive health monitoring provides early detection of medical conditions
before severe complications arise.
●​ Decreases hospital loads by allowing remote monitoring of patients, enabling
caregivers to act before emergencies become severe.
●​ AI-based predictive analytics can evaluate health patterns, facilitating early
treatment and diagnosis.

●​ Designing Barrier-Free & Inclusive Living Environments

●​ Removes physical barriers in domestic settings via intelligent automation, voice
command, and accessibility.
●​ Improves mobility and use for visually, speech-, or motor-impaired people.
●​ Encourages the idea of universal design, rendering buildings accessible to
everyone.

●​ Safety & Emergency Response Enhancement

●​ Onstant fall detection and health alarms eliminate the risk of unattended medical
emergencies.
●​ Self-initiated SOS functions guarantee immediate assistance to reach the user,
enhancing chances for survival in a life-threatening condition.
●​ Ensures safe and supervised home entry, eliminating risks of unauthorized entry
or break-in.

●​ Mitigating Caregiver Strain & Supporting Families

●​ Employs remote tracking of health in real-time along with instant notifications,
enabling the caregiver to take care of loved ones remotely from anywhere.
●​ Reduces financial and emotional stress by reducing the requirement for full-time
on-site care.
●​ Provides peace of mind to families, with the assurance that their elderly or
disabled relatives are safe and cared for.

●​ Smart City & Sustainable Development Goals Alignment

 ●​ Supports the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through
good health, well-being, and sustainable infrastructure.
●​ Decreases hospital visits and emergency healthcare expenses by facilitating
preventive care at home.
Promotes energy efficiency and green building, ensuring smarter and greener cities.

6 Tools & Technologies To Be Used

6.1 Hardware
1.​ Raspberry Pi / Arduino – Microcontroller for automation.
2.​ Wearable Health Sensors – ECG, temperature, and motion sensors.
3.​ Smart Locks & AI Cameras – For security automation.
4.​ Voice Recognition Modules – AI-powered virtual assistant.

6.2 Software & Programming

1.​ Languages – Python, Java, C++ (for IoT development).
2.​ Databases – Firebase, MySQL (for health data storage).
3.​ Cloud Services – AWS, Google Cloud (for remote monitoring).
4.​ Machine Learning & Artificial Intelligence – OpenCV, TensorFlow (for face
recognition & abnormality detection).
5.​ Application Development – React Native / Flutter (for tracking caregivers)

7. Challenges and Considerations

7.1. Challenges
1.​ High Initial Setup Cost – New AI and IoT devices can be costly.
2.​ Voice Recognition Shortcomings – Might not handle varying accents or speech
disorders.
3.​ Internet Reliance – Needs high-speed internet for live alerts.
4.​ Privacy & Security – Information gathered by wearables needs to be encrypted
and secured.
7.2. Future Enhancements
1.​ Gesture Control – For people with speech impediments.
2.​ AI-Predictive Healthcare – Machine learning to analyze health trends and
predict potential issues.
3.​ Integration with Smart Wheelchairs – Automated navigation within the home.
4.​ Augmented Reality Assistance – AR-based real-time guidance for visually
impaired individuals.

7.3. Research Gap

1.​ Lack of AI-driven automation that integrates health monitoring with smart home
features.
2.​ Existing smart locks and security systems do not cater specifically to
mobility-challenged users.
3.​ No unified platform integrating home automation, health tracking, and security
assistance.

8. Conclusion
The Smart Building for Elderly and Disabled project proposes an AI-based home
automation system that aims to offer safety, accessibility, and healthcare monitoring.
Through voice control, wearable sensors, and emergency response, the system guarantees a
safe and independent life for users.

As cities transition to inclusive smart infrastructure, this solution can be extended to

hospitals, elder care centers, and rehab homes, rendering it a building block toward the
ultimate accessible Smart City.