LCD screen laser repair machine (abbreviated as laser machine) in the LCD

screen repair industry accounted for high-end repair technology, is the

highest-end equipment for LCD screen repair. In the LCD screen repair
industry, in addition to TAB loose welding, scorching, etc. (this fault can be
repaired with a bonding machine) other such as ITO wire break, ITO scratch,
cross line, bright line, half line, dotted line, network Coarse can be repaired
with a laser. The laser machine has the advantages of high efficiency, high
repair rate, and low cost during the LCD screen repair process (the laser
machine does not need to replace parts in the same fault, saving costs and
not affecting the repair rate because parts cannot be found), etc. As the
main equipment for screen repair in large production factories, brand after-
sales and maintenance companies.
Ø 一、Introduction to the main components of the machine, machine
operation
Ø 二、Familiar with the internal structure of the LCD screen
Ø 三、LCD screen fault classification, common fault analysis
Ø 四、Various troubleshooting methods
Ø 五、Special laser repair scheme, short-circuit point finding scheme
Ø 六、Introduction to GOA circuit structure screen
Ø 七、Maintenance case sharing
Ø 八、Machine debugging method
Ø 九、Daily machine maintenance
 Light bar Laser
Laser generator
light path

Mirror
eyepiece
display
A

platform CCD

Operation
interface

Water
cooler
Laser
power
 Learn about some laser components

• 1、The platform part is moved by 6 directions. The position of the laser head is divided into
front, back, left, right, up, down, (focus), and the limit position device is set at the limit
position. The moving speed is adjusted by switching between different gears and different
gears Combine applications.
• 2、Water cooler: The function of the water cooler is to reduce the heat generated by the
laser generator flash lamp after the laser exposure. The host computer must be powered on
and turned on at the same time to ensure that the water flow of the water cooler is
circulated normally. The foreign matter in the water tank needs to be replaced. Filter element.
Water needs to be replaced with pure water.
• 3、The laser part consists of laser power + laser generator light path components. (Requires
familiarity with laser disassembly, optical path lens position adjustment)
• 4、Red light source (marker) and white light source (the brightness of the vertical
perspective effect can be adjusted by the knob).
• 5、Light bar components: Control the size range window by adjusting the X-axis and Y-axis
grid gate shrinking action to pass the laser beam.
• 6、Eyepiece electric switcher, electric rotating switch for different times of number of lenses
(2X, 5X, 10X for mirror observation, 20X for laser operation)
 Laser machine operation function description

• 1、Mirror observation: Due to the precise structure of the internal circuit

of the LCD panel, the internal circuit status needs high-resolution HD
mirror analysis and observation to determine the faulty part for repair.

Pixel control circuit fires bright lines, internal

Ignition on adjacent lines, electrical short analysis
 GOA internal circuit structure

• .镜像观察

Helps analyze internal circuits for easy repair

 Function 1: cutting and welding

• It is mainly used for cutting and trimming micron-sized

components of silicon-based semiconductor circuits,
especially passivation layers (silicon oxide / nitride) and metal
interconnect soldering (ITO indium tin oxide).
• The fault was found during the repair process because the
open circuit required additional welding or technical
modification and the fault line needed to cut the fault.
• Short circuit caused by bad channel foreign matter needs
laser smashing and cleaning function.
 Function 2: Introduction to cutting and welding

1、Circuit Technical Transformation- 2、Technical transformation of the 3、Double-layer line contacts are loose-
Spot Double-Layer Welding line-single-layer cutting of vertical -fixed by welding
lines
 Function 3:channel cleaning, cutting channel

ITO scratches cause electrical Laser smashing channel Line reconstruction, isolate
shorts between phases failure short circuit area
• 一、LCD panel classification:
• 1、Always-on screen: The pixels are turned on without an electric
field, and the LCD screen is white when illuminated through the
backlight. When the power is off and no signal is connected, the
CCD camera on the laser can clearly observe the three primary
colors of RGB. The always-on LCD screen is powered by 3.3V or 5V.
• 2、Normally dark screen: Pixels are turned off without an electric
field. The LCD screen is black when illuminated through the
backlight. When the camera is turned off and no signal is connected,
the CCD camera using laser cannot observe the three primary colors
of RGB. The normally dark LCD screen supplies 12V.
Visual R, G, B colors when the screen is not working Visual R, G, B colors when the screen is not working
1 4
2 3

6
7
Familiar with PANEL's internal circuit direction, control method, X / Y / VCOM line, and
standby line distinction
TO
Public
PANEL
line
Spare repair
Spare repair VCOM Primary color
line 2
line 1 pixel unit

Y
control
line
Line number

X
control
ITO IN line
 1 2 3 4

LGD longitudinal ladder

Chimei Innolux vertical step BOE longitudinal
Samsung horizontal step control double Y diagonal
control control control one color
 二、Common faults of LCD panel

• There are generally abnormal display vertical lines on the screen. The vertical lines are mainly
divided into three types: the driving signal is caused by an open circuit and a short circuit;
• How to judge whether the abnormal line is caused by an external signal or the inside of the
panel?
• 1、Normally black screen: The abnormal line displayed on the screen after lighting is caused
by the regular black line from the beginning to the end caused by external signals.
• 2、Always-on screen: The abnormal line displayed on the screen after lighting is caused by
external signals from the regular bright line displayed from beginning to end.
• 3、Pressing the bonding area or the IC area of the COF package IC with your hands shows
that the abnormal line changes (referred to as hand pressure line) is caused by external
signals.
• 4、The location of the abnormal line area observed with a microscope is that two or more
adjacent lines are present at the same time, which is caused by an external signal.
• 5、Dark lines (weak input signals) are caused by external signals.
• 6、Normally black screen: The abnormal line displayed on the screen after lighting
is caused by irregular black lines from the beginning to the end caused by the
inside of the glass.
• 7、Always-on screen: The abnormal line displayed on the screen after lighting is
caused by the irregular bright line from the beginning to the end caused by the
panel.
• 8、Irregular lines are small and large lines, half lines, and cross lines. All are caused
by the internal pixel unit problems of PANEL. Control circuit capacitance, MOS
leakage, short-circuit breakdown, and short-circuiting of the insulation between
the control lines are common.
• Irregular lines are small big head line, half line, cross line,all caused by internal
failure of the panel
• Horizontal line ---- The reason for the abnormal horizontal line on the screen:
• 1、COF COG and glass bonding caused by poor solder connection caused by lack
of driving signal.
• 2、COF IC / line, COG itself is bad, and damage is caused by lack of driving signals.
• 3、Corrosion of ITO electrode and open circuit caused the lack of driving signal.
Foreign matter and dirty spots in the bonding end area cause the driving signal
short circuit.
• 4、Short circuit capacitor leakage, etc., of the pixel line inside the substrate.
• 5、GOA circuit failure caused by a short circuit associated with the signal.
• Crosshair Line --- This fault is caused by a short circuit in the internal circuit of the
LCD screen substrate. When the X control line and the Y control line are short-
circuited at a certain intersection to form a vertical line and a horizontal line, a
bright spot can be seen at the intersection (the bright spot really belongs to the
fault location). The way to repair after finding the faulty pixel point is Find the
abnormal pixel bright spot under the laser 20X microscope. Use laser to cut off the
defective pixel on the main line control line by using laser cutting before the signal
input terminal of the abnormal pixel unit. It will no longer affect the normal
operation of the main line. After isolation, the defective pixel will change. Into a
bright spot, repair the bright spot to a black spot. The maintenance method is (see
the solution below). If the faulty pixel input terminal fault still exists after some
cutting, the faulty pixel unit of the main line control line needs to be cut off by
laser cutting before and after. After that, it will become a semi-abnormal line
display. Refer to the above for the half-line maintenance method.
• Big and small head lines --- Cause the X control line or Y control line is short-circuited with the
pixel unit and the substrate backplane (VCOM) somewhere. Depending on the short-circuit
location, the line near the COF drive is relatively insignificant. The abnormal line is weaker
and closer to the short-circuit The more visible the anomaly line is.

• Half line --- This fault is generally caused by an open circuit in the internal control circuit of
the substrate. The X-axis control line or Y-axis control line is open somewhere. The drive
signal is not obtained in the second half after the open circuit, so the second half does not
work , Forming a half of the abnormal half-line fault occurs at the intersection of the
abnormal line and the normal display line.

• Bright point --- When using a dark screen, there are bright points on the screen, and the
points appear in different RGB colors and orientations. This fault is generally caused by poor
TFT on the pixel (PANEL driving MOS tube is open circuit) or foreign matter in the pixel. The
repair method is to find abnormal pixel bright spots under the laser machine 20X microscope
and use laser to spot weld the internal ground lines of the pixels. The pixels will be turned off
and become black spots due to the signal. Black spots are often more acceptable to
customers.
 Machine operation and repair methods
• Normally dark screen
• Broken lines (vertical and horizontal lines):
• 1、Complete black line (failure line caused by external signal)
• Find bad lines and repair methods:
• A、Connect the LCD panel to be repaired and connect the VGA signal. Use NOKIA screen
software to open the RGB conversion option and go to the white interface.
• B、Observe the black abnormal line, operate the laser head position movement of the laser
machine, switch the 20x objective lens of the laser machine, adjust the brightness of the
white light source to the maximum, and align the white light point with the top of the bad
line (COF end)
• C、Change the laser objective lens to 5 times to observe more internal circuit of the panel.
Under normal power-on state, all RGB three primary colors will be displayed normally.
Quickly find the display area without any RGB three primary colors and the black is the
location of the abnormal line.
• D、After determining the abnormal line area, observe the line structure to quickly find
the control x-direction line corresponding to the abnormal line, and follow the control
line to the spare line area of the panel.
• Repair method: The vertical line connection method is to use laser dot welding to
connect the two lines of the standby line in the area corresponding to the abnormal
line of the abnormal line, and then calculate from the second line up or down according
to the RGB three-base arrangement order. After that, reach the sixth spare line area of
the same color (part of the 4K screen is the 4th base color calculation and reach the
eighth) and then perform dot welding. After the welding is completed, the two ends of
the spare line must be cut at the abnormal line and the wiring position. If it is found
that there is no spare repair line type screen or the spare repair line is not enough, you
can generally use the Y horizontal signal line. The welding method is the same. After
welding, both ends of the borrowed area must be cut and cut off.
• The connection of the horizontal lines is based on the RGB arrangement
order, starting from the second line up or down, reaching the second spare
line area of the same color and then performing dot welding. If there is no
spare repair line type screen or When the spare maintenance line is not
enough, the X vertical signal line can be borrowed. The welding method is
the same. After welding, both ends of the borrowed area must be cut and
cut off. Part of the GOA circuit type screen (the Y-side control circuit is
designed on the inner layer of glass) needs to find the fault on one side.
The faulty signal is cut on the input side of the abnormal horizontal line to
isolate the fault location.
 Half line (black)
• 2、Half line (black)
• A、Connect the LCD panel to be repaired and connect the VGA signal. Use NOKIA screen
software to open the RGB conversion option and go to the white interface.
• B、Observe the half-line area and use a 20x objective lens of the laser to adjust the
brightness of the white light source to the maximum. Align the white light point with the bad
line (damaged end)
• C、Change the laser objective lens to 5 times to observe more internal circuit of the panel.
Under normal power-on state, all RGB three primary colors will be displayed normally.
Quickly find the display area without any RGB three primary colors and the black is the
location of the bad line.
• D、After determining the bad line area, observe the line structure to quickly find the
corresponding control line, and follow the control line to the spare line area of the panel
• Repair method: The half-line connection method is to repair the damaged end of the bad line.
Use laser dot welding to connect the two lines of the spare line in the area corresponding to
the spare line, and then start from the second line up or down according to the RGB
arrangement order, and reach the sixth spare line area of the same color. Do spot welding.
After the welding is completed, cut off the area of the abnormal line, and the connected line
must be cut to the position of the upper six lines.
 Big and small lines (short-circuit line, short-circuit to the Y-axis
power supply, bright line with color)

• X or Y is short-circuited to the backplane (VCOM) somewhere, depending on the short-circuit location, the line
near the COF drive is relatively insignificant, and the closer it is to the short-circuit point line, the more obvious. In
the case where the short-circuit point cannot be visually inspected or found, carefully observe the positions of the
thick and thin lines on the bright line, the thin line, and the color depth. Generally, the area where the line
thickness and dark color are roughly the short-circuit point area.
• Repair way: According to the area where the short circuit is judged, first drag the short circuit point in the direction
of the bottom of the panel or the direction of the COF terminal to lower the voltage and let it appear.
• Operation 1: According to the half-line repair method, repair in the area with obvious bad lines. After completing
the connection and isolation, two bright spots will appear near the bad line in the entire screen display area.
• Operation 2: Use a laser microscope to quickly find and align the bright spots. Go along the location of the bright
spots and go to the bad line to find the short-circuit point.
• Operation 3. After finding the short-circuit point, use the laser to separate the upper and lower parts at the short-
circuit position. After the processing is completed, the image will appear half-line.

• Note: Some panels still have residual dark lines after the repair. You
can observe the dark lines after turning off the power for a while
and then turning it on again. This is a process that requires static
electricity to be discharged after repair.
 Finding short-circuited pixels

• 1、Visual observation method: Carefully observe the abnormal line from

top to bottom and scan it with naked eyes. A pixel is in a different state
than other abnormal lines (obvious black points, bright points, obvious
flickering points, and obvious weak points). It can be determined as an
abnormal fault. point.
• 2、Power-off method: stare at the abnormal line area by disconnecting
the power supply to drive the motherboard screen to see if there is a
residual bright spot in one of the pixel points (some abnormal bright spots
will show a slow response during the charge and discharge process) Can be
determined as an abnormal failure point.
• 3、A cross or a very dark horizontal line is an abnormal failure point at the
cross.
• 4、Percussion method: The panel can be lifted up slightly for tapping or lightly
tapping on the abnormal line. During the tapping process, carefully observe
whether there are abnormal black points, bright points, obvious flickering points,
obvious weak points or very dark lines on the abnormal lines. The crosshairs exist
because some of the control circuits have a slight leakage of electricity through the
glass substrate. The external distortion and external force can make the fault point
appear more obvious and the fault location can be determined.
• 5、Bridging method: In the case that no abnormal fault point is found after the
above methods have been tried, we can use the signal bridge of the glass to find
the method is; after finding the abnormal fault line (the other end in the COF
direction), find the cross The spare repair line on the abnormal line is spot welded
and then (RGB) reaches the 6th line for welding and then reaches the 12th and
18th lines for welding. After welding, observe it. At this time, the screen will
display several abnormal lines and then observe carefully Whether there are any
obvious fault points such as obvious black points, obvious bright points, obvious
flashing points, and obvious weak points on the original abnormal fault line is the
fault location.
• 6、The electric shock method uses a high-voltage electric rod to scan the
area of the abnormal line. The external high-voltage electrical interference
on the internal circuit pixels will show different states, which helps to
accurately find the abnormal pixel points. Some of the slightly dark lines
are due to a slight leakage of electricity from the interior. It is possible to
return to normal later. When using high-voltage electric rods, please pay
attention to stay as far away from the COF end as possible. Some poor COF
performance may cause the IC to burn out.
• 7、Differentiate the area mirror area scan, observe and find out the
failure point.
 Precautions when using laser repair process:

• Precautions when using laser repair process:

• 1、After turning on the power, check whether the cooling water can circulate normally every
day. In cold areas, you must ensure that the cooling water will not freeze. If it is inadvertently
thawed, the cooling water should be circulated normally before use.
• 2、Power value adjustment: Generally, the power value can be adjusted so that green light
can be generated normally when the laser is excited, and it can be adjusted to a maximum of
1-2 under the state of laser generation.
• 3、When cutting and welding inside the glass pixels, pay attention to adjusting the smallest
laser spot as much as possible. The cutting and welding positions must be moved accurately.
Be aware of the position after the laser. Do not use laser welding or cutting operations on
other adjacent parts. The circuit is damaged.
• 4、It is predicted that the external signal is abnormally bridged: when welding shows two
lines, it is necessary to distinguish whether it is a spare. The two ends of the maintenance line
are not cut clean or the input abnormal signal is not cut clean.Or the fault line is caused by
the inside of the glass,In addition, the borrowed spare line cannot be used.
• 5、Dot welding. Generally, the welding position is at the diagonal position of the overlap
area. Adjust the appropriate laser spot size for welding according to the panel circuit material
and the size of the welding line, and try to preserve the integrity of the transmission line after
the welding is completed.
• 6、The method of repairing the bright spot to the black spot is to find the fault bright spot
and find the bottom line at the corresponding position of the fault bright spot. Do a spot
welding to the ground wire, and the fault bright spot can be discharged.
• 7、Welding and cutting must be confirmed before operation, especially during cutting. Often,
if the judgment of the signal line after cutting is incorrect, it cannot be restored to the state
before cutting, so you must be careful.
• 8、The general processing method of the GOA screen is to determine whether the fault is
caused by the top circuit or the right circuit. The fault side circuit is cut and isolated by
inputting each power and signal line. After the isolation, the abnormal horizontal line is input
to the capacitor. Cut and isolate. In addition, the horizontal line of the GOA screen can be
repaired by passing a third signal line.
• 9、The COF and COG schemes are caused by abnormal horizontal line external
signals, and the general bridging method is to weld one to the second.
• 10、The vertical line caused by the external signal is bridged to connect the six
primary colors, the 120HZ screen part is connected to the twelfth part, and if there
is a dark line after the sixth part is connected, the sixth and twelve lines can be
connected at the same time. If the screen with 4 primary colors is connected to the
8th or 16th dark line, the 8th and 16th can be connected at the same time.
• 11、The analysis of the circuit must clearly distinguish that the fault abnormal line
is caused by an external signal or the method caused by the inside of the glass is
different.
• 12、After repairing, some cases of dark lines must be clear whether the abnormal
cutting signal is connected or the bridge driving signal is weak, or some screens
need to be placed for a period of time before the dark lines disappear by
themselves.
 X and Y control line insulation breakdown and fire. Cut and isolate the fault
An irregular bright line is always on when the screen is gray
point at the X control line input and output ends.

Do spot welding to the spare line of the

Find the winding contact point along the spare Find the outermost line of the spare line at the
corresponding line number at the COF end
line to the left or right for welding bottom of the screen, and then solder it
until the signal is on
 Faulty pixels cause shorted lines
Connect to A standard, schematic diagram of line direction

Abnormal
point

Note: The faulty pixel must be accurately judged. Analyze the line to find the best cutting point, and cut cleanly without hurting other
pixels. Depending on whether the line structure is wound internally or externally, or is grayscale.
 schematic diagram of open circuit vertical line welding method

Spare
line

Not
working

R G B R(fault） G B R G B R
 schematic diagram of open circuit Horizontal line welding method

Spare
line

不工作（异常线）
1
2

Note: There are external Y horizontal lines that are basically welded at intervals of 1. There are
many spare repair lines on the outside of Y, which can only be repaired by using the outermost X
control line.
• 一、Introduction to GOA driving principle
• (1). GOA(gate on array) technology：A technology that integrates a gate
driving circuit on an Array glass using a thin film transistor process.
• (2). Advantages of GOA：
• a)Cost reduction: Gate IC is eliminated, mainly for large size；
• b)Module Process Yield & Yield Enhancement: No Gate IC bonding；
• c)Achieving Narrow Borders: Suitable for Mobile High Resolution Products。
• (3).Key technology: shift register
• 二、Detailed GOA framework structure and driving timing：
• The function of the GOA circuit is to sequentially output high-level square
waves to the gate lines of each row within one frame time. The pixel TFTs
corresponding to these gate lines are turned on line by line, so that the data
line completes a charge refresh of all sub-pixels in the pixel area.
 control
signal

R
Odd cell

Even unit

VV
GG
H L

Reset动
区
Output to the Activity
next GOA unit area
CLK-clock
• In general GOA design, GOA circuits are arranged at both ends of the gate line, so
that the Panel can have a symmetrical width, which facilitates the design and
process flow, and also meets the requirements of FPD (Flat Panel Display) products
for end products.
• For small-sized FPD products, because the load of the gate line is small, GOA cross
drive can be generally used, that is, one side of the GOA drives odd-numbered
rows of gate lines, and the other GOA drives even-numbered rows of gate lines.
Interleaving, to achieve the effect of sequentially turning on the gate lines, is called
single-sided driving, which can save the frame width and power consumption.
• For medium and large-sized FPD products, due to the large load on the gate line, in
order to turn on the gate line normally, GOA mostly uses bilateral driving, that is,
for a row of gate lines, there will be a GOA unit on both the left and right sides to
charge it In this case, the left and right GOA circuit design is completely
symmetrical, which is called bilateral driving.
• Figure 1-1 is a GOA frame diagram and timing diagram (only the left half is drawn,
assuming this example is a bilateral drive). The following uses the GOA circuit as an
example to explain the working timing principle of GOA
 (1)Input signal of GOA circuit
• (1)Input signal of GOA circuit:
• a)Clock signal: one or more groups, each group contains complementary CLK and CLKB (clock
pulse) signals, each group of clock signals corresponds to a group of GOA units, in this
example there are 2 groups of GOA signals, CLK1 & CLK3 are complementary, corresponding
to odd array GOA units , CLK2 & CLK4 are complementary, corresponding to the GOA unit of
the even array, as shown in the timing diagram on the right.
• b)Constant voltage signal: high-level VGH, low-level VGL, generally one VGH and one VGL are
required. Depending on the circuit structure in the GOA unit, multiple VGH or VGL signals
may not be needed or required (because each GOA unit is The required constant voltage
signal types and connection methods are the same, so it is not shown in the figure).
• Turn-on signal: The input signal STV required by the first GOA unit of each GOA unit,
depending on the GOA circuit structure, requires one or more STV signals. In this example,
only two sets of GOA units require one STV signal
 (2)Output signal of GOA circuit:
• (2)Output signal of GOA circuit:
• Sequentially output square-wave pulses to each gate line (shift register
function), such as G1 to G6 in Figure 1-x (to the control pixel Y line).
• (3)GOA unit (GOA unit 1 ~ 6 etc.) introduction:
• a)GOA unit opening conditions:
• The CLK signal connected to a GOA unit will periodically appear a high-
level square wave. When a high-level square wave appears on CLK, the
GOA unit will output a high-level square wave when the following two
conditions are met, and the gate line is turned on. Connected pixel TFT:
• Before the high-level square wave, the GOA in the row received the start
signal input from the INPUT signal. For the first GOA unit of each GOA
(GOA unit 1 & 2 in this example), the INPUT signal is the STV provided by
the control unit For the rest of the GOA units, the INPUT signal is provided
by the output of the previous GOA unit in this GOA, as shown in the figure
“Input to next”.
• ii.Before this high-level square wave, the GOA in this row did not receive the shutdown signal
input from the RESET signal. For the last GOA unit of each group of GOAs (not shown in this
example), the RESET signal is sent by the next GOA unit in this group of GOA The output is
provided as "Reset to previous" as shown in the figure. In particular, the last GOA unit of each
group of GOAs is already the last GOA unit, so additional circuit design is needed to provide
RESET signal.
• b)Output of each GOA unit:
• i.If the above two conditions are met, the GOA outputs a high-level square wave, turning on
the pixel TFT connected above the gate line.
• ii. Its output will also be connected as a RESET signal to the previous GOA unit in this group of
GOA, used to turn off the output of the previous GOA unit (the first GOA unit does not need
to output a RESET signal).
• iii.Its output will also be connected as the INPUT signal to the next GOA unit in this group of
GOA, which is used to turn on the next GOA unit after the end of the corresponding GOA
opening time of the bank (the last GOA unit does not need to output the INPUT signal).
 (4)Timing description:
• a)Based on the above explanation of each unit and signal, the overall working sequence of
GOA is explained:
• After the start of a frame, the control unit inputs the required STV signal and CLK signal to the
GOA circuit. The first GOA unit of each GOA receives the STV signal and outputs a high-level
square wave when the corresponding CLK is high, such as the timing G1 & G2 in the figure,
this output is not only used to turn on its corresponding gate line, but also acts as the INPUT
signal to the next GOA unit.
• Starting from the second GOA unit of each group of GOA, the subsequent GOA unit receives
the INPUT signal provided by its previous GOA unit, and outputs a high-level square wave
when the corresponding CLK level is high. This output is not only used for its corresponding
gate. The opening of the polar line also acts as the INPUT signal on the next GOA unit and
also acts as the RESET signal on the previous GOA unit. This is until the end of the last GOA
output (as mentioned above, the last GOA does not need to output INPUT).
• Each GOA unit will close the output of the previous line of GOA in the same group when the
line starts to output, and the next line of GOA will also start output and close the output of
this line after the end of this line's output. Realize sequential output and realize the function
of shift register. For example, G1-G3-G5 sequence output without overlap, G2-G4-G6
sequence output without overlap.
 Method using multiple sets of GOA units
• b)Method using multiple sets of GOA units:
• It can be seen from the timing diagram that the second group of CLK (CLK2 & CLK4) is delayed
by half the square wave width compared to the first group of CLK (CLK1 & CLK3), which
results in its output also being delayed by half the width. The overlap between the group
outputs, in order to ensure normal pixel charging, the specific method is:
• i. Set the STV time and the CLK square wave width to be twice the actual on-time of each row
of gate lines (H in the figure represents the actual on-time assigned by each row of gate lines).
• ii.Pixel charging is performed only during the second half of the time when the gate line is
turned on, as shown in the area occupied by the gray box on each output waveform.
• c)Reasons for using multiple sets of GOA units:
• i.Reduce power consumption
• ii.Improve driving ability
• The disadvantage is that it will increase the width of the border and the number of incoming
signal lines, which needs to be weighed in the design.
Left Righ
t

2 2.5 3 3.5
The frame and timing diagram of 4CLK unilateral driving GOA is similar to the principle
of bilateral driving 4CLK.
 4T1C GOA circuit and timing diagram

The specific circuit composition in the GOA unit explains how it implements the timing
functions described in the previous section
• 4T1C GOA unit circuit works.
• Step ①：There is no Input signal input to the GOA unit. Although the CLK voltage will be high,
because the PU point remains low, the TFT T1 is turned off and there is no GOA output.
• Step ②：Input signal (General Input of GOA unit is Output [N-1], Input of GOA unit of the
first line is STV) Input through T4, make the PU point high, M3 is turned on, but CLK is at low
level , So GOA still has no output.
• Step ③：CLK goes high. Because the PU point is already high, T1 is turned on and Output will
output high. Due to the presence of capacitor C1 and the parasitic capacitance of T1 itself, as
the output potential rises, PU The point potential will be further increased, so that T1 is
turned on more, which further improves the T1 charging capacity and ensures pixel charging.
• Step ④：CLK becomes low level, RESET becomes high level, PD point is raised, so T2 and T3
are turned on, PU point and Output are pulled low by VGL to low level, and the output is
turned off.
• Step ⑤：Return to step①, and keep no output until the next frame is scanned.
• Failure of the GOA working circuit will cause abnormal screens.
Common gray screens, flickers, horizontal rough lines,
horizontal screen jumps (shake screen), single horizontal line,
multiple horizontal lines, slow screen response, horizontal
area normally displays the remaining area Not displayed
properly, etc.
• 1、The edges of ITO connection units have different degrees
of corrosion. These units include gate start signal (STV) output
holes, shutdown voltage (VSS) signal output holes, input
signal (Input) signal connection holes, reset (RESET) signal
connection holes, and Output (Signal) signal connection holes.
These severely corroded ITO cells can be found to have severe
corrosion at the edges of the connection parts by microscopic
inspection. These are often the direct reasons that the GOA
signal cannot be normally conducted.
 GOA internal failure phenomenon 1
GOA unit is severely corroded ITO connection unit

Optical microscope inspection results after LG screen picture jitter internal fault live
disassembly of the liquid crystal substrate picture
 GOA internal fault description
The electrical signal applied to the ITO connection unit is a square wave signal, and often the corrosion occurs. The
electrical signal applied to the ITO connection unit is a pulse signal. ----- The maintenance method is to perform spot
welding and reconnect to the corrosion contact unit.

GOA unit ITO connection unit Legend for definition of internal circuit direction of Y
drive GOA unit
 GOA Internal Failure Case

AUO 39-inch common disease screen 4 corners

Corruption caused by corrosion in some
corrosion corrosion repair more than 80%
contact areas at the bottom of LG4K screen
perfect repair
 Repair experience
• 1.Take a closer look at the mirror image inside the screen and not
let go of some small flaws.
• 2.The 4 corner circuits of the screen are the focus of the entire
screen for abnormalities in the high-incidence area.
• 3.Find high temperature parts, there are bubbles, corrosion and
burning points inside the mirror.
• 4、GOA circuit corresponding to normal and abnormal areas
• 5.Find out the problems of the same type and the same type of
faults and parts in the same model, and observe the picture to
improve during the repair process.
 GOA internal failure phenomenon 2

The CLK input line is too short to cause sparks and Use laser to transform the line and
short circuits. increase the safety distance of the line

The upper layer and the lower layer are short- Multiple sets of pulse signals are short-circuited, and
circuited and need to be cut or modified. the coarse mesh connection is repaired after cutting
Repair case sharing one
 1 2 3 4

Select various brand Press Ready to start

Turn on machine main
operation parameters,
power switch and laser Press ENTER or enter generally choose the first
Standby before turning off
power control switch the power
AUO
Laser power touch interface parameter introduction

Pulse width modulation

Energy value

0.1-1.0MS

1-50J/CM
frequency

1-5P/S

Lighting status Ready Standby

 Platform six-
way operation Light
Laser source
Excited adjustment Use different
Switch number of lens

Bar Equipment
Digital spot
Platform adjustment,
moving factory switch
speed a
djustme switching
nt background
mode
adjustment