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Expt 2 Superposition Theorem (1).Docx

The document outlines an experiment to study and verify the Superposition Theorem in electrical circuits. It details the theoretical background, apparatus required, and step-by-step procedure for measuring currents in a circuit with multiple voltage sources. The document also discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and applications of the theorem, along with observation tables for recording practical values.

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dewangankunal20120
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11 views7 pages

Expt 2 Superposition Theorem (1).Docx

The document outlines an experiment to study and verify the Superposition Theorem in electrical circuits. It details the theoretical background, apparatus required, and step-by-step procedure for measuring currents in a circuit with multiple voltage sources. The document also discusses the advantages, disadvantages, and applications of the theorem, along with observation tables for recording practical values.

Uploaded by

dewangankunal20120
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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EXPERIMENT NO.

To Study and Verify


Superposition Theorem
Name of Student
Class
Roll No.
D.O.P.
D.O.S.
Grade
Lab Incharge
Sign
Circuit Diagram: -

R1 =
R2 =
R3 =
R4 =
R5 =
Aim: - To study and verify Superposition theorem.
Apparatus: - Superposition theorem kit, Digital multimeter, Connecting wires.
Theory: -Many electrical circuits may contain more than one source of amount in
such cases, it’s more convenient to solve the circuit for the desired current produced
by each source of voltage acting separately and then combining the results. The
theorem is applicable only to linear networks where current is linearly related to
voltage as per Ohm’s Law.
Superposition theorem statement: - In a network of linear resistances containing
more than one source of voltage, the current which flows at any point is the sum of
all the currents which would flow at that voltage point if each source of voltage is
considered separately and all other sources of voltage were replaced for the time
being by resistances equal to their internal resistance.

To illustrate the theorem, consider the circuit shown in fig.1.

Fig.1

Find out the current flowing through resistances R1, R2 & R3. Let the resultant
currents flowing through the resistances R1, R2 and R3 be I1, I2, I3 respectively. As
per the theorem let us first solve the above circuit with only V, voltage acting
along, replacing the other sources of voltage by their internal resistances as shown
this circuit can be easily solved for I1, I2, I3.
Calculations:
Similarly solve circuit with voltage V2, acting alone replacing voltage V1 by its
internal resistance R as shown the circuit is solved for I1, I2, I3. Now applying the
superposition theorem to combine the resultant in order to find the total current in
various branches.

Current in resistor R1=> I1 = I1’ + I1”


Current in resistor R2=> I2 = I2’ + I2”
Current in resistor R3=> I3 = I3’ + I3”

Advantages: -
1) The advantages of superposition theorem over Kirchhoff’s law is that circuit
can be analyzed with one power source at a time, hence circuit is simplified
with Kirchhoff’s law at the junction point with all power sources to be
found which makes the analysis harder.
2) Superposition theorem is applicable to both DC and AC voltage circuits
3) Voltage or current in the entire circuit are added subtracted arithmetically.

Disadvantages: -
1) If a huge number of sources are involved, use of the superposition theorem
becomes difficult as final analysis will be more tedious than nodal and mesh
analysis.
2) It can only be applied to linear circuit
3) Superposition theorem can’t be applied for finding the power dissipated in
the circuit.

Applications: -

Superposition theorem can be used in electronics when the relation between


V and I is linear when the current (I) or voltage (V) at the same point can be found
as the sum of current or voltage of each source taken individually.
Observation Table: -

Practical Value Table 1


V1(V) V2(V) I1(mA) I2(mA) I3(mA)

Case 1 I1’= I2’ = I3’=


Case 2 I1” = I2”= I3”=
Case 3 I1 = I2 = I3 =

Practical Value Table 2


V1(V) V2(V) I1(mA) I2(mA) I3(mA)

Case 1 I1’= I2’ = I3’=


Case 2 I1” = I2”= I3”=
Case 3 I1 = I2 = I3 =

Practical Value Table 3


V1(V) V2(V) I1(mA) I2(mA) I3(mA)
Case 1 I1’ = I2’ = I3’=
Case 2 I1” = I2” = I3”=
Case 3 I1 = I2 = I3 =

Calculations: -

I1 = I1’+ I1” =
I2 = I2’+ I2” =
I3 = I3’+ I3” =
Procedure: -

1. Measure the resistance in the circuit of the superposition theorem but


in off condition.
2. Adjust the V1=_______ V alone and short circuit V2 and measure the
value of currents through R1, R2 and R3 with the help of DMM.
3. Adjust the V2 = _____ V alone and short circuit V1 to measure the
value at currents through R1, R2 and R3 with the help of DMM.
4. Repeat the same procedure for V1=_____ V and V2=_____ V.

Result: -
Using Superposition theorem,

When V1=____ V and V2=_____V


I1’(mA) = I1” (mA) = I1 = I1’- I1” =
I2’(mA) = I2” (mA) = I2 = I2”- I2’=
I3’(mA) = I3” (mA) = I3 = I3’+ I3” =

Conclusion: -

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