ART

APPRECIATION
Prelim
 Table of Contents
UNIT 1: Introduction to Art Appreciation
Lesson 1 Art: Introduction and
Assumptions
Lesson 2 Art Appreciation: Creativity,
Imagination and Expression
Lesson 3 Functions and Philosophical
Perspectives on Art
Lesson 4 Elements and Principles of Art
 Lesson 1:
What Is Art?
Introduction and
Assumptions
What Is Art
LESSON PROPER
What Is Art?
- The word “art” comes from the ancient Latin ars which
means a “craft or specialized form of skill, like carpentry
or smithying or surgery” (Collingwood, 1938).
- Art then suggested the capacity to produce an intended
result from carefully planned steps or method.
- Arts in Medieval Latin came to mean something
different. It meant “any special form of book-learning,
such as grammar or logic, magic or astrology”
(Collingwood, 1938).
- The fine arts would come to mean “not delicate or
highly skilled arts, but ‘beautiful’ arts” (Collingwood,
1938). This is something more akin to what is now
considered art.
Assumptions of Art 1: Art is Universal
Assumptions of Art 2: Art is not Nature
Assumptions of Art 3: Art involves experience
 Assumptions of Art:
1. Art is Universal – Art has always been timeless
and universal, spanning generations and
continents through and through.
2. Art is not nature – Art is man’s expression of his
reception of nature. Art is man’s way of
interpreting nature.
3. Art involves experience – Unlike fields of
knowledge that involve data, art is known by
experiencing. A work of art then cannot be
abstracted from actual doing. In order to know
what an artwork is, we have to sense it, see or
hear it, and see AND hear it.
DISCUSSION POINTS

• Why is Art is
subjective?
• How can we see art in
our everyday lives?
LESSON SUMMARY
• Humanities and the art have always been part of
man’s growth and civilization.
• Since the dawn of time, man has always tried to
express his innermost thoughts and feelings about
reality through creating art.
• Three assumptions on art are its universality, its
not being nature, and its need for experience.
• Without experience, there is no art. The artist has
to be foremost, a perceiver who is directly in
touch with art.
 Lesson 2:
Art Appreciation:
Creativity, Imagination,
and Expression
LESSON OUTCOME
By the end of this lesson, the student should be
able to:
1. Differentiate art from nature;
2. Characterize artistic expression based on
personal experiences with art;
3. Discuss the nature of art’s preliminary
expression; and
4. Categorize works of art by citing personal
experiences.
LESSON PROPER
Art Appreciation as a Way of Life:
• Art as a creative work that depicts the world in
a completely different light and perspective,
and the source is due to human freedom
(Jean Paul Sartre as cited in Greene, 1995)
• Hence, refining one’s ability to appreciate art
allows him to deeply understand the purpose
of an artwork and recognize the beauty it
possesses (Collins & Riley, 1931).
The Role of Creativity in Art Making:
• In art, creativity is what sets apart one artwork from
another.
• An artist embraces originality, puts his own flavor into
his work, and calls it his own creative piece.
Art as a Product of Imagination, Imagination as a
Product of Art:
• An artwork does not need to be a real thing, but can be
something that is imaginary (Collingwood, 1938).
• Artists use their imagination that gives birth to reality
through creation.
• In the same way that imagination produces art, art also
inspires imagination.
Art as Expression:
• Robin George Collingwood: what an artist
does to an emotion is not to induce it, but
express it.
Art as Expression:

• Some forms of art expression include visual

arts, performance art, poetry performance,
architecture, dance, literary arts, theater arts,
and applied arts
DISCUSSION POINTS
• In the present context, why is being
creative becoming more of a
challenge?
• In what ways can imagination
produce art?
LESSON SUMMARY
• Art is a product of a man’s creativity, imagination, and
expression.
• Refining one’s ability to appreciate art allows him to deeply
understand the purpose of an artwork and recognize the
beauty it possesses.
• Creativity is what sets apart one artwork from another. A
creative artist does not simply copy or imitate another
artist’s work.
• While through imagination, an artist is able to craft
something bold, something new, and something better in
the hopes of creating something that will stimulate change
• Through expression, an artist is able to explore his own
emotions while at the same time, create something
beautiful out of it.
 Lesson 3:
Functions and Philosophical
Perspectives on Art
LESSON OUTCOME
By the end of this lesson, the students should be
able to:
1. Distinguish between directly functional art
and indirectly functional art;
2. Explain and discuss the basic philosophical
perspectives on the art;
3. Realize the function of some art forms in daily
life; and
4. Apply concepts and theories on beauty and
aesthetics in real-life scenarios.
Functions of Art: personal (public display or
expression)
Functions of Art: social (celebration or to affect
collective behavior)
Functions of Art:physical (utilitarian)
LESSON PROPER
Functions of Art:
• Roughly and broadly, the functions of art are
classified into three: personal (public display or
expression), social (celebration or to affect
collective behavior), and physical (utilitarian).
Does Art Always Have to Be Functional?
• The value of a work of art does not depend on
function but on the work itself.
• Despite these, efficiency cannot be mistaken as
beauty. While it certainly determines beauty in
some works of art, an efficient functional object is
not necessarily beautiful.
Philosophical Perspectives on Art:
I. Art as an Imitation.
- For Plato, when one ascribes beauty to another person,
he refers to an imperfect beauty that participates only
in the form of beauty in the World of Forms.
Philosophical Perspectives on Art:
II. Art as a Representation
- Aristotle considered art as an aid to philosophy in
revealing truth. It allows for the experience of pleasure.
art also has an ability to be instructive and teach its
audience things about life; thus, it is cognitive as well .
Philosophical Perspectives on Art:
III. Art as a Disinterested Judgment
- Kant considered the judgment of beauty, the cornerstone
of art, as something that can be universal despite its
subjectivity. Kant mentioned that judgment of beauty, and
therefore, art, is innately autonomous from specific
interests.

Woman III by Willem de Kooning

Philosophical Perspectives on Art:
IV. Art as a Communication of Emotion
- Art plays a huge role in communication to its
audience’s emotions that the artist previously
experienced.
LESSON SUMMARY
• Art has remained relevant in our daily
lives because most of it has played some
form of function for man.
• The different functions of art may be
classified as either personal, social, or
physical.
• Art may serve either as imitation,
representation, a disinterested judgment,
or simply a communication of emotion.
 Lesson 4:
Elements and Principles of Art
LESSON OUTCOME
By the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:
1. Enumerate the different elements of visual and
auditory art;
2. Differentiate the principles of art;
3. Provide examples of the interrelatedness of some of
the elements and principles of art;
4. Explain the relevance of the elements and principles
of art in the study of art and its products (artworks);
and
5. Illustrate examples of hybrid art and dissect what art
forms are combined therein.
LESSON PROPER
Elements of Art: Visual
• These elements of art are generally produced when
something is done to the medium after the technique
is carried out.
• To enumerate, the elements of art and design are the
following: line, shape and form, space, color, and
texture.
Planes and Perspectives:
• Picture plane is the actual surface of the painting or
drawing, where no illusion of a third dimension exists.
• Aside from this technique, linear perspective changed
the way pictorial representation was done.
Elements of Art: Auditory
• Perhaps one of the most widespread forms of art, whose
intersection in daily life is most perceptible, is music.
Music is sound organized in a specific time.
• Some of the common elements of music are the
following: rhythm, dynamics, melody, harmony, timbre,
and texture.
Principles of Art:
• The principles of art will provide explicit ways in which
these elements are used, how they are manipulated, how
they interact, and how they inform the overall
composition of the artwork to assist the artist in
conveying his intention.
• These principles are: balance, scale and proportion,
emphasis and contrast, unity and variety, harmony,
movement, rhythm, and repetition and pattern.
Combined or Hybrid Art:
• In combined arts, improvisation is often
tapped in addition to practical and logical
considerations of creating an artwork.
• Another movement that is reminiscent of the
motivations of the Renaissance, and whose
emergence is hinged on the frontiers of
science and technology, is called hybrid arts
Planes and Perspectives
• Picture plane is the actual surface of the painting or
drawing, where no illusion of a third dimension exists.
• Aside from this technique, linear perspective changed
the way pictorial representation was done.
Planes and Perspectives
Planes and Perspectives
PROCESSING QUESTIONS
• To what extent does the knowledge of
the principles of art relevant to the
knowledge of the elements of art?
• What is the relevance of combined arts
st
and hybrid art in the 21 century?
LESSON SUMMARY
The elements and principles of art
are essential to any artwork. Some
of them will be more obvious than
others, becoming the anchors in
which the viewer may latch on to
engage with the artwork.