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l :/',q$"%+'"'($)*+%'3('B.3c.'+4+%y'9313#'3,'/(+.
M+#./9A'M1".0;0G%;."#$%&;1L;E-,-0';-.;0G%;,-I%.;."#$%&;).E;'0)&0;P&-0-.,;."#$%&';-.;)'3%.E-.,;1&E%&;L&1#
1.%;01;0G-';."#$%&;).E;0G%.;-.;E%'3%.E-.,;1&E%&;"5;01;1.%B
l :/',q$"%+'($)*+%'B.3c.'3,'(+"%+%'#/'>?F.
M+#./9A'U'%;0G%;L1&#"*)B
D<R;6D<–/<?;+;/<;R;6D+/?6D–/?+/<
7F. 2-.E;0G%;'q")&%';1L;L1**1P-.,:
C/&. 6-? 6<=?<;R;<;6<+7?8<=RA8<=;R;A<=
6--? 6@=<?;R;@;6@+7?8<=;R;<H8<=;R;<H<=
6---? 6>=?<;R;>;6>+7?8<=;R;N<8<=;R;N<<=
6-I? 77<;R;7<7
6I? 77<;R;7<9<7
6I-? 7777<;R;7<9@9<7
6I--? <<<<;R;<<6777?<;;R;@;67<9<7?;R;@9<>@
6I---? 9999<;R;67777?<;R;9;67<9@9<7?;R;777H>>>9
6-D? 69N?<;R;69N+9?;69N–9?+9<;R;9@HH+9R9@H9
6D? 67H<?<;R;67H<–<?;67H<+<?+<<;R;7H@HH+@R7H@H@ Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\2_Number System (Th. + Ex.).p65

6D-? 699@?<;R;699@+A?;699@–A?;+;A<;R;9>>HHH;+;9A;R;9>>H9A
6D--? 67HH=?<;R;67HH=–=?;67HH=+=?;+;=<;R;7H7HHHH;+;<=;R;7H7HH<=
n Multiplication (short-cut methods)
l M$&#3<&3c"#3/('/;'"'134+('($)*+%'*y'9,'99,'999,'+#c.,'#."#'3,'*y'>? (–>
M+#./9A;4"0;)';#)./;z%&1';01;0G%;&-,G0;1L;0G%;#"*0-5*-3)0-1.;)';0G%&%;)&%;.-.%';-.;0G%;#"*0-5*-%&;).E;L&1#;0G%
&%'"*0;'"$0&)30;0G%;#"*0-5*-3).0;).E;,%0;0G%;).'P%&B
7F. M$&#3<&y
6-?;9>99;$/;99 6--?;@9<N;$/;999 6---?;=>A9;$/;9999
C/&. 6-?;9>99;×;99;R;9>99HH;–;9>99;R;9>=@HNB
6--?;@9<N;×;999;R;@9<NHHH;–;@9<N;R;@9<<AN9
6---?;=>A9;×;9999;R;=>A9HHHH;–;=>A9;R;=>A<@79N

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 Mathematics
l M$&#3<&3c"#3/('/;'"'134+('($)*+%'*y'>>,'>?>,'>??>,'+#c.,'#."#'3,'*y'>? (+>.
M+#./9A'4*)3%;.;z%&1';01;0G%;&-,G0;1L;0G%;#"*0-5*-3-).0;).E;0G%.;)EE;0G%;#"*0-5*-3).0;01;0G%;."#$%&;'1;1$0)-.%EB
7F. M$&#3<&y
6-?;@N><;×;77 6--?;9>9A;×;7H7 6---?;A=9>;×;7HH7
C/&. 6-?;@N><;×;77;R;@N><H;+;@N><;R;=<AH<
6--?;9>9A;×;7H7;R;9>9AHH;+;9>9A;R;999@9A
6---?;A=9>;×;7HH7;R;A=9>HHH;+;A=9>;R;A=@@=9>
l M$&#3<&3c"#3/('/;'"'134+('($)*+%'*y'>5,'D5,'E5,'+#c.
M+#./9A'D1"$*%;0G%;#"*0-5*-%&;).E;0G%.;#"*0-5*/;0G%;#"*0-5*-3).0;$/;0G-';.%P;."#$%&;).E;L-.)**/;E-I-E%;0G%
5&1E"30;$/;<B
7F. M$&#3<&y
6-?;NH=@;×;7= 6--?;9>9N;×;;<= 6---?;@=A9;×;9=

7 7
C/&. 6-?;NH=@;×;7=;R; ;6NH=@;×;9H?;R; 6<77A<H?;R;7H=>7HB
< <

7 7
6--?;9>9N;×;;<=;R; ;69>9N;×;=H?;R; 679@>=H?;R;9N@<=
< <

7 7
6---?;@=A9;×;9=R 6@=A9;×;NH?R 6979@7H?R;7=9NH=
< <

l M$&#3<&3c"#3/('/;'"'134+('($)*+%'*y'5,'D5,'>D5,'6D5,'+#c.,'#."#'3,,'*y'"'($)*+%'B.3c.'3,',/)+
</B+%'/;'5.
M+#./9A'4*)3%;)';#)./;z%&1';01;0G%;&-,G0;1L;0G%;#"*05*-3).0;)';-.;0G%;51P%&;1L;=;-.;0G%;#"*0-5*-%&:;0G%.;E-I-E%
0G%;."#$%&;'1;1$0)-.%E;$/;<;&)-'%E;01;0G%;')#%;51P%&;)';-';0G%;51P%&;1L;=B
7F. M$&#3<&y
6-?;99><;×;= 6--?;@N99;×;<= 6---?;N>9@;×;7<= 6-I?;@>A9;×;A<=
99><H
C/&. 6-?;99><;×;;<;R; = 7997H
<

@N99HH @N99HH
6--?;;@N99;×;;<=;R; = = 77>@N=
<< @

N>9@HHH N>9@HHH
6---?;N>9@;×;;7<=;R; = = 9>AN=H
<9 >
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\2_Number System (Th. + Ex.).p65

@>A9HHHH @>A9HHHH
6-I?;@>A9;×;;A<=;R; = = 9H999N=
<@ 7A
n Test of divisibility
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'DA;A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;<;-L;0G%;".-0'';E-,-0;-';z%&1;1&;E-I-'-$*%;$/;<B
21&;%D)#5*%:;@:;7<:;9H:;7>:;7H<:;%03:;)&%;)**;E-I-'-$*%;$/;<B
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'EA;A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9;-L;0G%;'"#;1L;E-,-0';-.;0G%;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9B
21&;%D)#5*%:;0G%;."#$%&;9N9<;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9:;'-.3%;9;+;N;+;9;+;<;R;<7:;PG-3G;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9B
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'4A'A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;@;-L;0G%;."#$%&;L1&#%E;$/;0G%;*)'0;0P1;E-,-0';60%.'';E-,-0;).E;".-0''
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l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'5A'A;."#$%&;E-I-'-$*%;$/;=;-L;0G%;".-0'';E-,-0;-.;0G%;."#$%&;-';H;1&;=B
21&;%D)#5*%;79=<H:;N>H=:;A@H:;N@=:;%30B;)&%;)**;E-I-'-$*%;$/;=B
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Class X
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'6A'A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;A;-L;0G%;."#$%&;-';%I%.;).E;'"#;1L;-0';E-,-0';-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9B
21&;%D)#5*%:;0G%;."#$%&;@=7>;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;A;'-.3%;-0;-';%I%.;).E;'"#;1L;-0';E-,-0';@+=+7+>R7>;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9B
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'7A;QG%;".-0;E-,-0;1L;0G%;,-I%.;."#$%&;-';E1"$*%E;).E;0G%.;-0;-';'"$0&)30%E;L&1#;0G%;."#$%&
1$0)-.%E;)L0%&;1#-00-.,;0G%;".-0;E-,-0B;+L;0G%;&%#)-.E%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;N:;0G%.;0G%;,-I%.;."#$%&;-';)*'1;E-I-'-$*%;$/;NB
21&;%D)#5*%:;31.'-E%&;;0G%;."#$%&;@@>B;O.;E1"$*-.,;0G%;".-0;E-,-0;>;1L;@@>;P%;,%0;7AB
QG%.:;@@–7A;R;<>B
S-.3%;<>;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;N:;@@>;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;NB
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'8A'A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;>:;-L;0G%;."#$%&;L1&#%E;$/;0G%;*)'0;9;E-,-0';-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;>B
21&;%D)#5*%:;0G%;."#$%&;@7N>@;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;>;)';0G%;."#$%&;L1&#%E;$/;*)'0;0G&%%;E-,-0';-B%B;N>@;-'
E-I-'-$*%;$/;>B
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'9A'A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9;-L;0G%;'"#;1L;-0';E-,-0';-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9B
21&;%D)#5*%:;0G%;."#$%&;79H@@;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9;)';0G%;'"#;1L;-0';E-,-0';7;+;9;+;H;+;@;+;@;R;7>;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9B
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'>?A'A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;7H:;-L;%.E';-.;z%&1B
21&;%D)#5*%:;0G%;*)'0;E-,-0;1L;=>H;-';z%&1:;0G%&%L1&%;=>H;;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;7HB
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'>>A'A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;77:;-L;0G%;E-LL%&%.3%;1L;0G%;'"#;1L;0G%;E-,-0';)0;1EE;5*)3%';).E
'"#;1L;0G%;E-,-0';)0;%I%.;5*)3%';-';%-0G%&;z%&1;1&;E-I-'-$*%;$/;77B
21&;%D)#5*%:;-.;0G%;."#$%&;9>N9N:;0G%;'"#;1L;0G%;E-,-0';)0;1EE;5*)3%';-';9;+;N;+;N;R;7N;).E;0G%;'"#;1L
0G%;E-,-0';)0;%I%.;5*)3%';-';>;+;9;R;7NB;QG%;E-LL%&%.3%;-';7N;–;7NRH:;'1;0G%;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;77B
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'>DA'A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;7<;-L;-0;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;9;).E;@B
l D343,*3&3#y'*y'D5A'A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;<=;-L;0G%;."#$%&;L1&#%E;$/;0G%;*)'0;0P1;E-,-0';-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;<=
1&;*)'0;0P1;E-,-0';)&%;z%&1B
21&;%D)#5*%:;0G%;."#$%&;79AN=;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;<=;)';0G%;."#$%&;L1&#%E;$/;0G%;*)'0;0P1;E-,-0';-';N=;PG-3G
-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;<=B
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'>D5A;A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;7<=;-L;0G%;."#$%&;L1&#%E;$/;0G%;*)'0;0G&%%;E-,-0';-';E-I-'-$*%
$/;7<=;1&;0G%;*)'0;0G&%%;E-,-0';)&%;z%&1B
21&;%D)#5*%:;0G%;."#$%&;=<=H;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;7<=;)';<=H;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;7<=B
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'>8A'A.;%I%.;."#$%&;')0-'L/-.,;0G%;E-I-'-$-*-0/;0%'0;1L;9;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;7>B
l D343,3*3&3#y'*y'88A'A;."#$%&;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;>>;-L;-0;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;77;).E;>B Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\2_Number System (Th. + Ex.).p65

n Decimal fractions
l D+c3)"&';%"c#3/('A;2&)30-1.';-.;PG-3G;0G%;E%.1#-.)01&';)&%;0G%;51P%&';1L;7H;)&%;3)**%E;E%3-#)*;L&)30-1.'B
+.;,%.%&)*:;0G%;E%3-#)*;L&)30-1.';)&%;1L;0G%;L1**1P-.,;0/5%'
} 6+c$%%3(1'9+c3)"&,'A;+L;-.;);E%3-#)*;L&)30-1.:;);L-,"&%;1&;);'%0;1L;L-,"&%';-';&%5%)0%E;31.0-.")**/:;0G%.;'"3G;)
."#$%&;-';3)**%E;);&%3"&&-.,;E%3-#)*B
+L;);'-.,*%;L-,"&%;-';&%5%)0%E:;-0;-';'G1P.;$/;5"00-.,;);E10;1.;-0B;B"0;-L;);'%0;1L;);L-,"&%';-';&%5%)0%E:;P%;%D5&%''
-L;%-0G%&;$/;5"00-.,;1.%;E10;)0;0G%;'0)&0-.,;E-,-0;).E;1.%;E10;)0;0G%;*)'0;E-,-0;1L;0G%;&%5%)0-.,;E-,-0';1&;$/;5*)3-.,
);$)&;1.;0G%;&%5%)0-.,;E-,-0;6'?B
·
6-?;<89;R;HBAAAABBBBR HBA = HBA
· · ·
6--?;<<8NR9B7@<>=N7@<>=N;;R; 9B7@<>= N = 9B7@<>=N = 9B7@<>=N

·
6---?;9=8A;R;7=B>9999BBBR; 7=B> 9 = 7=B>9

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 Mathematics
} 2$%+'%+c$%%3(1'9+c3)"&,'A;A;E%3-#)*;-.;PG-3G;'1#%;L-,"&%';)L0%&;0G%;E%3-#)*;51-.0;&%5%)0;-';3)**%E;);5"&%
&%3"&&-.,;E%3-#)*B
· · ·
KDB; HBA :; 9B7@<>= N ;%03B

l 'C/(4+%,3/('/;'"'<$%+'%+c$%%3(1'9+c3)"&'3(#/';%"c#3/(
6$&+'A;F&-0%;0G%;&%3"&&-.,;L-,"&%';1.*/;1.3%;-.;0G%;."#%&)01&;).E;0)O%;)';#)./;.-.%';-.;0G%;E%.1#-.)01&;)'
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67?; HBA R;A89;R;<89B

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9= – H 9= @9= – @ @97
%B,B 6-?; HB9= = = 6--?; HB@9= = =
99 99 99H 99H

n H.C.F & L.C.M of numbers

l :.+' &+",#'($)*+%'B.3c.' B.+('93439+9'*y'9>,'9D'"(9'9E'&+"4+,'#.+'%+)"3(9+%,'%>,' '%D'"(9'%E
%+,<+c#34+&y,',$c.'#."#'=9>–%>@'='=9D–%D@'='=9E–%E@'3,'=L.C.M.'/;'9>','9D'"(9'9E@'–'=9>–%>@'/%'=9D–%D@'/%
=9E–%E@.
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C/&. H%&%:;9–@;R;7H–=R7=–7HR=
A*'1:;LBMBCB;69:;7H:;7=?R;9H
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l A'($)*+%'/('*+3(1'93439+9'*y'9>'"(9'9D',$cc+,,34+&y'&+"4+,'#.+'%+)"3(9+%,'%>'"(9'%D,''%+,<+c#34+&y.
0;'#.+'($)*+%'3,'93439+9'*y'9>'×'9D,'#.+('#.+'%+)"3(9+%'3,'=9>×'%D'+'%>'@.
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l :/';3(9'#.+'($)*+%'/;'($)*+%,'9343,3*&+'*y'"'c+%#"3('3(#+1+%.
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\2_Number System (Th. + Ex.).p65

7F. 6-?;H1P;#)./;."#$%&';"5;01;=9<;)&%;E-I-'-$*%;$/;7=;?
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7F. 6--?;H1P;#)./;."#$%&';"5;01;9HH;)&%;E-I-'-$*%;$/;=;).E;N;01,%0G%&;?
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9HH;R;>;×;9=;+;<H
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l :B/'($)*+%,'B.+('93439+9'*y'"'c+%#"3('9343,/%'134+'%+)"3(9+%,'%>'"(9'%D.'-.+('#.+3%',$)'3,
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19

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Class X
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l 2%/9$c#'/;'#B/'($)*+%,.'='L.C.M.'/;'#.+'($)*+%,'×''H.C.F.'/;'#.+'($)*+%,.
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97=:;L-.E;0G%;10G%&;."#$%&B
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-B%B;HBMB2B;1L;7@@:;<@H;).E;A7<;R;7<B
l :/';3(9'#.+'&+",#'($)*+%'B.3c.'3,'+F"c#&y'9343,3*&+'*y'F,'y'"(9'z.
6+q$3%+9'($)*+%'='L.C.M.'/;'F,'y'"(9'z.
7F. FG)0;-';0G%;'#)**%'0;."#$%&;PG-3G;-';%D)30*/;E-I-'-$*%;$/;9A:;@=:;A9;).E;>H?
C/&. QG%;&%q"-&%E;'#)**%'0;."#$%&
R;LBMBCB;1L;9A:;@=:;A9;).E;>H
R;=H@HB
l :/';3(9'#.+''&+",#'($)*+%'B.3c.'B.+('93439+9'*y'F,y,'"(9'z'&+"4+,'#.+'%+)"3(9+%,'",*,'"(9'c,
%+,<+c#34+&y.'0#'3,'"'"&B"y,'/*,+%4+9'#."#'=F–"@'='=y–*@==z–c@'='k=,"y@
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C/&. S-.3%;69A–<=?;R;6@>–9N?;R;6A@–=9?;R;77:;0G%&%L1&%;0G%;&%q"-&%E;'#)**%'0;."#$%&
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R;6LBMBCB;1L;9A:;@>;).E;A@?;–77
R;=NA–77;R;=A=B
l :/';3(9'#.+'&+",#'($)*+%'B.3c.'B.+('93439+9'*y'F,'y'"(9'z'&+"4+,'#.+',")+'%+)"3(9+%'%'3('+"c.'c",+.
6+q$3%+9'($)*+%'='=L.C.M.'/;'F,'y,'"(9'z@'+%.
7F. 2-.E;0G%;*%)'0;."#$%&;PG-3G;PG%.;E-I-E%E;$/;7<:;7A;).E;7>:;;P-**;*%)I%;-.;%)3G;3)'%;);&%#)-.E%&;=B
C/&. QG%;&%q"-&%E;'#)**%'0;."#$%&
R;6LBMBCB1L;7<:;7A;).E;7>?;+;7=
R;7@@;+;=;R;7@9B
l :/';3(9'#.+'1%+"#+,#'($)*+%'#."#'B3&&'93439+'F,'y,'"(9'z'&+"43(1'#.+',")+'%+)"3(9+%'3('+"c.'c",+.
="@ -.+('#.+'4"&$+'/;'%+)"3(9+%'%'3,'134+('A
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=*@ -.+('#.+'4"&$+'/;'%+)3(9+%'3,'(/#'134+(A
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20

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 Mathematics
7F. 6)?;2-.E;0G%;,&%)0%'0;."#$%&;PG-3G;P-**;E-I-E%;NN<;).E;<NN>;'1;)';01;*%)I%;0G%;&%#)-.E%&;=;;-.;%)3G;3)'%B
C/&. QG%;&%q"-&%E;,&%)0%'0;."#$%&
R;HBMB2B;1L;6NN<–=?;).E;6<NN>–=?
R;HBMB2B;5L;NAN;).E;<NN9
R;=9B
7F. 6$?;2-.E;0G%;,&%)0%'0;."#$%&;PG-3G;1.;E-I-E-.,;7=<:;<NN;).E;@<N;*%)I%';&%#)-.E%&B
C/&. QG%;&%q"-&%E;,&%)0%'0;."#$%&B
R;HBMB2B;1L;|6D–/?|:;|6/–z?;).E;6z–D?|
R;HBMB2B;1L;|67=<–<N?|:;|6<NN–@<N?|
).E;|6@<N–7=<?|
R;HBMB2B;1L;7<=:;<N=;).E;7=H
R;<=B

l :/';3(9'#.+'(59313#'1%+"#+,#'($)*+%'B.3c.,'B.+('93439+9'*y'F,'y'"(9'z.

="@'&+"4+,'(/'%+)"3(9+%'=3.+.,'+F"c#&y'9343,3*&+@
C#+<'>'–'L.C.M.'/;'F,'y'"(9'z'='L

L ( 5 9313# 1%+"#+,# ($)*+%

C#+<'D'–''
6+)"3(9+% = 6
C#+<'E'–''6+q$3%+9'($)*+%'='(59313#'1%+"#+,#'($)*+%'–'6
=*@'&+"4+,'%+)3(9+%'K'3('+"c.'c",+
6+q$3%+9'($)*+%'='=(59313#'1%+"#+,#'($)*+%–6@'+'K.
7F. 2-.E;0G%;,&%)0%'0;."#$%&;1L;@;E-,-0';PG-3G:;PG%.;E-I-E%E;$/;7<:;7>:;<7;).E;<>:;*%)I%';9;)';);&%#)-.E%&;-.
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\;QG%;&%q"-&%E;."#$%&;R;69999–7N7?+9R;9997B

l :/';3(9'#.+'(59313#',)"&&+,#'($)*+%'B.3c.'B.+('93439+9'*y'F,'y'"(9'z

="@'&+"4+,'(/'%+)"3(9+%'=3.+.'+F"c#&y'9343,3*&+@
C#+<'>'–''L.C.M.'/;'F,'y'"(9'z='L

L (59313#',)"&&+,#'($)*+%
C#+<'D'–''
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=*@ &+"4+,'%+)"3(9+%'K'3('+"c.'c",+.
6+q$3%+9'($)*+%'='(5931.#',)"&&+,#'($)*+%'+'=L–6@'+'k.

21

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Class X
7F. 6)?;2-.E;0G%;*%)'0;."#$%&;1L;L1"&;E-,-0';PG-3G;-';E-I-'-$*%;$/;@:;A:;>;).E;7HB
C/&. LBMBCB;1L;@:;A:;>:;).E;7H;R;7<HB

\;QG%;&%q"-&%E;."#$%&;R;7HHH;;+;67<H–@H?R;7H>HB
7F. 6$?;2-.E;0G%;'#)**%'0;@-E-,-0;."#$%&:;'"3G;0G)0;PG%.;E-I-E%E;$/;7<:;7>:;<7;).E;<>:;-0;*%)I%';&%#)-.E%&;9;-.
%)3G;3)'%B
C/&. LBMBCB;1L;7<:;7>:;<7;).E;<>;R;<=<B

\;QG%;&%q"-&%E;."#$%&
R;7HHH+6<=<–<@@?+9
R;7H77B
n Number of factors of a given number
l !$)*+%'/;';"c#/%,'=/%'9343,/%,@'/;'"'134+('($)*+%'=c/)</,3#+'($)*+%@
L%0';"';)''"#%;);31#51'-0%;."#$%&;')/;<@;0G%.;L-.E;0G%;."#$%&;1L;L)301&'B
<@;;R 7;×;<@
<;×;7<
9;×;;>
@;×;A
F%;'%%;0G)0;0G%&%;)&%;010)*;>;L)301&';.)#%*/:
7:;<:;9:;@:;A:;>:;7<;).E;<@B
L%0;0G%&%;$%;);31#51'-0%;."#$%&;!;).E;-0';5&-#%;L)301&';$%;):;$:;3:;E:BBBBBBB;%03;).E;5:q:;&:'BBB%03B;$%;0G%;-.E-3%'
61&;51P%&'?;1L;0G%;):;$:;3:;EBBBBB;%03B;&%'5%30-I%*/;-B%B:;-L;!;3).;$%;%D5&%''%E;)'
!'='"<.'*q.c%.'9,...
#.+(,'#.+'($)*+%'/;'#/#"&'9343,/%,'/%';"c#/%,'/;'!'3,
=<+>@''=q+>@'=%+>@'=,+>@......
7F. 2-.E;0G%;010)*;."#$%&;1L;L)301&';1L;=@H:
67?;<@ 6<?;<H 69?;9H 6@?;!1.%;1L;0G%'%
C/&. =@H;R;<;×;<;×;9;×;;9;×;9;×;= Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\2_Number System (Th. + Ex.).p65

=@H;R;<<;×;;99 ;×;;=7
QG%&%L1&%;010)*;."#$%&;1L;L)301&';1L;=@H;-'
6<+7?;69+7?;67+7?;R;<@
n Sum of factors of given number
O.3%;),)-.;-L;/1";P).0;01;L-.E;0G%;'"#;1L;'#)**%&;31#51'-0%;."#$%&':;0G%.;/1";3).;E1;-0;#).")**/:;$"0;L1&
*)&,%&;."#$%&';-0';);;5&1$*%#B
%B,B;S"#;1L;L)301&';1L;<@
;R;7;+;<;+;9;+;@;+;A+;>;+;7<;+;<@;R;AH
L%0;!;$%;0G%;31#51'-0%;."#$%&;).E;):;$:;3:;EBB;$%;-0';5&-#%;L)301&';).E;5:q:;&:';$%;0G%;-.E-3%';61&;51P%&'?;1L
):$:3:E;;-B%B:;-L;!;3).;$%;%D5&%''%E;)'
!='"<.'*<.'c%.'9,...
=" 2+> – >@=*q+> – >@=c %+> – >@=9 ,+> – >@
#.+('#.+',$)'/;'"&&'#.+'9343,/%,'=/%';"c#/%,@'/;'!; =
=" 5 >@=* 5 >@=c – >@=9 – >@

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 Mathematics
7F. 2-.E;0G%;'"#;1L;L)301&';1L;<NHB
C/&. <NH;R;<;×;99;×;=

6<7 +7 – 7?699 +7 – 7?6=7+7 – 7?

\;S"#;1L;L)301&';1L;<NH;; =
6< - 7?69 – 7?6= - 7?

9 ´ >H ´ <@
R = N<H
7´< ´ @

n Product of factors
L%0;"';)''"#%;);I%&/;'#)**;."#$%&;<@;).E;'%%;0G%;L)301&'
<@ R 7;×;<@
R <;×;7<
R 9;×;>
R @;×;A
!10%:;-0;-';1$I-1"';L&1#;0G%;)$1I%;%D5*).)0-1.;0G)0;0G%;5&1E"30;1L;L)301&';1L;<@
R;67;×;<@?;×;6<;×;7<?;×;69;×;>?;×;6@;×;A?
R;<@;×;<@;×;<@;×;<@;R;6<@?@
QG"':;#.+'<%/9$c#'/;';"c#/%,'/;'c/)</,3#+'($)*+%'!=!(/D,''B.+%+'('3,'#.+'#/#"&'($)*+%'/;';"c#/%,'/;'!.
7F. 4&1E"30;1L;E-I-'1&';1L;NH=A;-';:
67?;6>@?@> ;6<?;6>@?@@ 69?;6>@?@= 6@?;!1.%;1L;0G%'%
C/&. \;NH=A;R;<@;×;9<;×;N<
\;!"#$%&;1L;L)301&';8E-I-'1&';1L;NH=A
R;6@+7?;6<+7?;6<+7?;R;@=
\;5&1E"30;1L;L)301&';R;6NH=A?@=8<;R;6>@?@=
H%.3%;63?;-';0G%;31&&%30;150-1.B
n Number of odd factors of given number
L%0;"';)''"#%;);'#)**%&;."#$%&;%B,B::;<@
;;<@ R 7×;<@ )*'1;<@;R;<9;×;97
R <;×;7<
R 9;×;>
F%;3).;'%%;0G)0;0G%&%;)&%;010)*;<;1EE;L)301&';.)#%*/;7;).E;9B
2"&0G%&;)''"#%;).10G%&;."#$%&;')/;9A
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\2_Number System (Th. + Ex.).p65

;;9A R 7×;;9A )*'1;9A;R;<<;×;9<

R <;×;7>
R 9;×;;7<
R @;×;9
R;A;×;;A
S1:;P%;3).;'%%;0G)0;0G%&%;)&%;1.*/;9;1EE;L)301&';I-zB:;7:;9;).E;9B
O.3%;),)-.;P%;)''"#%;).10G%&;."#$%&;')/;9H
0G%.;;9H R;7;×;9H )*'1;9H;R;<;×;9<;×;;=
R;<;×;@=
R;9;×;9H
R;=;×;7>
R;A;×;7=
R;9;×;7H
23

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X
QG"';0G%&%;)&%;1.*/;A;1EE;L)301&';.)#%*/;7:;9:;=:;9:;7=:;@=B
Q1;,%0;0G%;."#$%&;1L;1EE;L)301&';1L;);."#$%&';!;L-&'0;1L;)**;%D5&%'';0G%;."#$%&;!;)'
!'='=<>"'×''<D*'×'<Ec'×'....@'×''=+F@
6PG%&%:;57:;5<:;59:;BBBBBB;)&%;0G%;1EE;5&-#%;L)301&';).E;%;-';0G%;%I%.;5&-#%;L)301&?
:.+('#.+'#/#"&'($)*+%'/;'/99';"c#/%,
='="+>@'=*+>@'=c+>@...
7F. QG%;."#$%&;1L;1EE;L)301&';1L;9A;-';BBBB
C/&. 9A;R;<<;×;9<
\ !"#$%&;1L;1EE;L)301&';R;6<;+;7?;R;9
n Number of even factors a composite number
!$)*+%'/;'+4+(';"c#/%,'/;'"'($)*+%
='=:/#"&'($)*+%'/;';"c#/%,'/;'#.+'134+('($)*+%@'–'=:/#"&'($)*+%'/;'/99';"c#/%,@
7F. 6)?;2-.E;0G%;."#$%&;1L;%I%.;L)301&';61&;E-I-'1&'?;1L;<@
C/&. ."#$%&;1L;%I%.;L)301&';R;>;–;<;R;A
7F. 6$?;2-.E;0G%;."#$%&;1L;%I%.;L)301&';1L;9A
C/&. ."#$%&;1L;%I%.;L)301&';R;9;–;9;R;A
7F. 63?;2-.E;0G%;."#$%&;1L;%I%.;L)301&';1L;9H
C/&. ."#$%&;1L;%I%.;L)301&';R;7<;–;A;RA
n Number of ways of expressing c composite number as a product of two
factors
L%0;"';31.'-E%&;).;%D)#5*%;1L;'#)**;31#51'-0%;."#$%&;')/:;<@
0G%. <@ R 7;×;<@
<;×;7<
9;×;>
@;×;A
S1;-0;-';3*%)&;0G)0
7
#.+'($)*+%'/;'B"y,'/;'+F<%+,,3(1'"'c/)</,3#+'(/.'",'"'<%/9$c#'/;'#B/';"c#/%, = '×'''#.+'(/.'/;'#/#"&';"c#/%,
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7F. 2-.E;0G%;."#$%&;1L;P)/';1L;%D5&%''-.,;7>H;)';);5&1E"30;1L;0P1;L)301&'B
C/&. 7>H;R;<<;×;99;×;=7
!"#$%&;1L;L)301&';R;6<+7?;6<+7?;67+7?;R;7>
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7>
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).E; ! :;).E;)*'1;O.1P;0G)0;'-.3%;-.;0G-';3)'%; ! ;)55%)&';0P1;0-#%';$"0;-0;-';31.'-E%&%E;1.*/;1.3%;PG-*%

3)*3"*)0-.,;0G%;.1B;1L;L)301&';'1;P%;,%0;)*P)/';).;1EE;."#$%&;)';."#$%&;1L;L)301&';'1;P%;3).;.10;E-I-E%;0G%;1EE
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=!$)*+% /; ;"c#/%, +>@

."#$%&;1L;P)/';1L;%D5&%''-.,;!;)';);<%/9$c#'/;'#B/';"c#/%,' = .
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=!$)*+% /; ;"c#/%, – >@

31.'-E%&;7;P)/;6-B%B;!;R; ! + ! ?;0G%.;(/.'/;'B"y,'='
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 Mathematics
7F. 6)?;2-.E;0G%;."#$%&;1L;P)/';%D5&%''-.,;9A;)';);5&1E"30;1L;0P1;L)301&'B
C/&. 9A;R;<<;×;9<
!"#$%&;1L;L)301&';R;6<+7?;6<+7?;R;9

69 + 7?
H%.3%;0G%;.1B;1L;P)/';1L;%D5&%''-.,;9A;)';);5&1E"30;1L;0P1;L)301&';R; ==
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)';9A;R;7;×;9A:;<;×;7>:;9;×;7<:;@;×;9;).E;A;×;A
7F. 6$?;+.;G1P;#)./;P)/';3).;=NA;$%;%D5&%''%E;)';0G%;5&1E"30;1L;0P1;E-'0-.30;L)301&'?
C/&. =NA;R;<A;×;9<
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<7 – 7
S1;0G%;;."#$%&;1L;P)/';1L;%D5&%''-.,;=NA;)';);5&1E"30;1L;0P1;E-'0-.30;L)301&';R; = = 7H
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n Cyclicity
F%;)&%;G)I-.,;7H;E-,-0';-.;1"&;."#$%&;'/'0%#';).E;'1#%;1L;0G%#;'G1P';'5%3-)*;3G)&)30%&-'0-3';*-O%;0G%/:
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3/3*-3-0/;-';7;1.;0G%;10G%&;G).E;E-,-0;<;&%5%)0;-0';".-0;E-,-0;)L0%&;%I%&/;L1"&;51P%&:;G%.3%;0G%;3/3*-3-0/;1L;<;-';L1"&B
QG%;3/3*-3-0/;1L;E-,-0';)&%;)';L1**1P'
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)';0G%;*)'0;E-,-0;1L;<7;PG-3G;-';<B

l :/''F3(9'#.+'U(3#'D313#'3('7F</(+(#3"&'7F<%+,,3/(A

=3@;FG%&%;0G%&%;-';<;-.;".-0'';5*)3%;1L;)./;."#$%&B
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&%5%)0'B

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25

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Class X
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 Mathematics
7F. 63?;2-.E;".-0'';E-,-0;-.;/;R;N7N;+;N9@

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n Euclid’s division lemma

K"3*-E'';E-I-'-1.;*%##);'0)0%';0G)0;"21&;)./;0P1;51'-0-I%;-.0%,%&';);).E;$:;0G%&%;%D-'0;-.0%,%&';q;).E;&;'"3G;0G)0
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n Euclid’s divison algorithm

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\2_Number System (Th. + Ex.).p65

+.;#)0G%#)0-3':;0G%;K"3*-E'';A*,1&-0G#;-';).;%LL-3-%.0;#%0G1E;L1&;31#5"0-.,;0G%;,&%)0%'0;31##1.;E-I-'1&;6GMD?
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27

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Class X
7F.;U'%;K"3*-E'';E-I-'-1.;)*,1&-0G#;01;L-.E;0G%;HM2;1L;@@7:;=AN:;A99B

Solution

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A99;R;A9;×;77;+;H

\ HM2;6A9:;A99?;R;A9

H%.3%; HM2;6@@7:;=AN:;A99?;R;A9

n Fundamental theorem of arithmetic

QG%;L".E)#%.0)*;0G%1&%#;1L;)&-0G#%0-3;62QA?;0%**';"';'1#%0G-.,;-#51&0).0;)$1"0;0G%;&%*)0-1.'G-5;$%0P%%.
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0G-';E%31#51'-0-1.;-';".-q"%B

n Points to remember

l ;21&;)./;0G&%%;51'-0-I%;-.0%,%&';5:q:&:;HM2;65:q:&?;×;LMC;65:q:&?;¹;5;×;q;×;&B;H1P%I%&:;0G%;L1**1P-.,;&%'"*0';G1*E

p.q.r HCF(p,q,r)
,11EB;;LMC;65:q:&?;R;;
HCF(p,q) · HCF(q,r) · HCF(p,r)
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\2_Number System (Th. + Ex.).p65

l A**;1EE;."#$%&';3).;$%;1$0)-.%E;$/;0G%;L1&#"*):;L6.?;R;<.;+;7:;.;R;7:<:9:BBBB

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28

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 Mathematics
NUMBER SYSTEM EXERCISE
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29

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Class X
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)&%;-.;0G%;&)0-1;<;:;;9B;QG%;'"#;1L;0G%;."#$%&';-'
01;#)O%;-0;);5%&L%30;3"$%;-'
67?;<> 6<?;9<
67? 9 6<?;=H
69?;@H 6@?;A@
69?;9HH 6@?;@=H
6D) + $ ?< 6D $ + 3 ?< 6D 3 + ) ?<
>??B R >?5B QG%;&%#)-.E%&;PG%.;N>@;-';E-I-E%E;$/;9@<;-'
6D ) BD $ BD3 ?@
67?; –7 6<?; H 67? H 6<?;7

69?; 7 6@?;!1.% 69?;@9 6@?;9@7

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\2_Number System (Th. + Ex.).p65

A!C-76'K7Y
Q$+. > D E 4 5 6 7 8 9 >? >> >D >E >4 >5 >6 >7 >8 >9 D?
A(,. 9 < 9 < 7 < @ 9 9 7 @ @ < 7 < < 9 9 9 <
Q$+. D> DD DE D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 E? E> ED EE E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 4?
A(,. < @ 9 7 < < < 7 @ 7 < < @ < < < 7 @ 7 7
Q$+. 4> 4D 4E 44 45 46 47 48 49 5? 5> 5D 5E 54 55 56 57 58 59 6?
A(,. 7 < 7 7 7 @ @ 7 9 @ 9 7 7 9 < @ 9 9 7 9
Q$+. 6> 6D 6E 64 65 66 67 68 69 7? 7> 7D 7E 74 75 76 77 78 79 8?
A(,. < < 9 < < 9 < 7 @ 7 7 < 9 7 7 < @ 9 < <
Q$+. 8> 8D 8E 84 85 86 87 88 89 9? 9> 9D 9E 94 95 96 97 98 99 >??
A(,. < @ < @ < < < < 7 @ < < 7 7 9 7 < 7 9 9
Q$+. >?> >?D >?E >?4 >?5
A(,. @ 7 7 @ <

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 Mathematics

3. SURDS AND INDICES

n Radicals

!"#$%&'$(")*+#),,&-."/-#",&0+(1"$"#$%&'$(2"&,"$.")*+#),,&-."-3"45)"41+)" . * 6"75)",&8."9 . 9"&,"'$(()%"45)"#$%&'$(

,&8.6"75)".:0;)#":.%)#"45&,",&8.<"&6)6<"9*9"&,"'$(()%"45)"#$%&'$.%"$.%"45)".:0;)#"&."45)"$.8:($#"+$#4"-3"45)",&8.<
&6)6<"9.9"&,"45)"-#%)#"-3"45)"#$%&'$(6"!4"+#),).4<"=)",5$(("%)$("-.(1"=&45"'$,),"=5)#)"*"&,"$"#)$(".:0;)#6">)+).%&.8
-."45)"?$(:),"-3"*<"."'$."5$?)"')#4$&."'-##),+-.%&.8"?$(:),6"@.&4&$((1"=)",5$(("'-.,&%)#"-.(1"+-,&4&?)"&.4)8#$("?$(:),
-3".6"A:4"#)0)0;)#"45$4" . * "B"*CD.6"E)"5$?)"45)"3-((-=&.8"#),:(4,"3-#"#$%&'$(,6

@3"*"F"G<"."'$."5$?)"#)$("?$(:)")*')+4"H)#-6

@3"*"B"G<"."'$."5$?)"$.1"+-,&4&?)"#)$("?$(:)6

@3"*"I"G<"."'$."5$?)"$.1"#)$("?$(:)6"A:4"=)",5$(("'-.,&%)#"-.(1"#$4&-.$("?$(:),6

G -C
l 5
J <" 3 3 <" 4 7 <" J 8 <"$#)",-0)"#$%&'$(,6" G <" 3 G "$#)"$(,-"#$%&'$(,6" G "$.%" G "$#)":.%)3&.)%6" 3 -J <" -64 <
7
-CJ8 "$#)"$(,-"#$%&'$(,6" J -4 <" 4 -C6 "$#)"$(,-"#$%&'$(,<";:4";)'$:,)"45)1"$#)".-4"#)$(".:0;)#,<"=)",5$((",4:%1
45)0"-.(1"&."5&85)#"'($,,),6"@."$(("45),)")*$0+(),<"45)"?$(:)"-3".<"&6)6<"45)"-#%)#"-3"45)"#$%&'$("&,"$"+-,&4&?)"&.4)8)#6
A:4"$,",4$4)%"$;-?)<"&4"'$."5$?)"-45)#"?$(:),6

n Description of Surds
@3"$"&,"$"+-,&4&?)"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#<"=5&'5"&,".-4"45)".45"+-=)#"/."&,"$.1".$4:#$(".:0;)#2"-3"$.1"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#<
45)."45)"&##$4&-.$(".:0;)#"± . $ "$#)"'$(()%",&0+()",:#%,"-#"0-.-0&$(",:#%,6"E?)#1",:#%"&,"$."&##$4&-.$(".:0;)#
/;:4")?)#1"&##$4&-.$(".:0;)#"&,".-4"$",:#%26"S-<"45)"#)+#),).4$4&-."-3"0-.-0&$(",:#%"-."$".:0;)#"(&.)"&,",$0)
45$4"-3"&##$4&-.$(".:0;)#,6"E86

/$2 3 "&,"$",:#%"$.%" 3 "&,"$."&##$4&-.$(".:0;)#66

/;2 3
5 "&,",:#%"$.%" 3 5 "&,"$."&##$4&-.$(".:0;)#66

/'2 p"&,"$."&##$4&-.$(".:0;)#<";:4"&4"&,".-4"$",:#%6

/%2 3
3 + J "&,"$."&##$4&-.$(".:0;)#6"@4"&,".-4"$",:#%<";)'$:,)" 3 + J "&,".-4"$"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#66
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

n Types of surds
l !"#$%&'()&%*")%m'l$#ple&%of%&'()&

@3" . $ "&,"$",:#%<"&4"&,"$(,-"#)3)##)%"4-"$,"$":.&4",:#%6"@3"k"&,"$"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#<"k . $ "&,"$"0:(4&+()"-3"$",:#%6

%6

!(("0:(4&+(),"-3",:#%,"'$.";)")*+#),,)%"$,":.&4",:#%,"$,"k . $ "B" . k . 6$ 6

l M#xe)%&'()&

@3"$"&,"$"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#"/.-4")q:$("4-"G2"$.%" n b "&,"$",:#%<"45)."$"+" . ; <"$"–" . ; "$#)"'$(()%"0&*)%",:#%,6

@3"$"B"G<"45)1"$#)"'$(()%"+:#)",:#%,6"E86"J"+" 3 <"5"–" 3 6 "$#)"0&*)%",:#%,<"=5&()" 3 <" 3 6 "$#)"+:#)",:#%,6

35

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X
l Compo'")%&'()

!",:#%"=5&'5"&,"45)",:0"-#"%&33)#).')"-3"4=-"-#"0-#)",:#%,"&,"'$(()%"$"'-0+-:.%",:#%6"E686

J "+" 3 3 <" 3 "+" 7 "–" 3 J "$.%"C"+" J "–" 3 "$#)"'-0+-:.%",:#%,6

5

l B#"om#*l%&'()

!"'-0+-:.%",:#%"'-.,&,4&.8"-3"4=-"&,"'$(()%"$";&.-0&$(",:#%6"E686

3 "+" 3 5 <" 6 "+" 4 5 <" 8 "–" 7

3

l S#m#l*(%&'()&

@3"4=-",:#%,"$#)"%&33)#).4"0:(4&+(),"-3"45)",$0)",:#%<"45)1"$#)"'$(()%",&0&($#",:#%,6"O45)#=&,)"45)1"$#)"%&,,&0&($#
,:#%,6"E686

J J <" 5 J <" 7 J " $#) ",&0&($# ",:#%,6 "/ J " + " 3 3 2< "/ J J " + " 6 3 2" $#)" ,&0&($#" ,:# %," $.%

C"+" J <"J"+" J J "$#)",&0&($#",:#%,6" 3 3 "$.%" 6 5 "$#)"%&,,&0&($#",:#%,6

} Eq:$(&41"-3"4=-"0&*)%",:#%,"-3"45)"3-#0"$"+" ' ; "$.%"%"+" ) ; 6

7=-"0&*)%",:#%,"$"+" ' ; "$.%"%"+" ) ; "$#)")q:$("&3"$.%"-.(1"&3"45)&#"#),+)'4&?)"#$4&-.$("+$#4,"$.%"45)

&##$4&-.$("+$#4,"$#)")q:$(<"&6)6<"$"B"%"$.%"'"B")6

l O()e(%of%&'()

@."45)",:#%" . $ <"."&,"'$(()%"45)"-#%)#"-3"45)",:#%6"75:,"45)"-#%)#"-3" J <" 3 3 <" 4 5 "$#)"J<"3"$.%"4"#),+)'4&?)(16

} 75)"-#%)#,"-3"45)"#$%&'$(," 4 9 <" 6 C6 <" 6 J7 "$#)"4<"6"$.%"6"#),+)'4&?)(16"E)".-4)"45$4" 4 9 "B" 4 3J "B

3JD4"B" 3 "&,"J6"75:,"45)"-#%)#"-3"$",:#%"&,".-4"$"+#-+)#41"-3"45)",:#%"&4,)(3<";:4"-3"45)"=$1"&."=5&'5"&4
&,")*+#),,)%6

l Comp*(#&o"%of%mo"om#*l%&'()& Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

@3"4=-",&0+()",:#%,"$#)"-3"45)",$0)"-#%)#<"45)."45)1"'$.")$,&(1";)"'-0+$#)%6"@3"$"I";<" . $ "I" . ; "3-#"$(("+-,&4&?)

&.4)8#$("?$(:),"-3".6"E686" 4 J "I" 4 7 <" 3 3 "I" 3 5 <" 5 CG "I" 5 C3 ")4'6

@3"4=-",&0+()",:#%,"-3"%&33)#).4"-#%)#,"5$?)"4-";)"'-0+$#)%<"45)1"5$?)"4-";)")*+#),,)%"$,"#$%&'$(,"-3"45)",$0)
-#%)#6

75:,"4-"'-0+$#)" 4 6 "$.%" 3 5 <"=)")*+#),,";-45"$,"45)"#$%&'$(,"-3"CJ45"/LCM"-3"3<"42"-#%)#66

4
6 "B" CJ 63 "$.%" 3 5 "B" CJ 54

!,"63"I"54<" 4 6 "I" 3 5

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 Mathematics
n Indices
Some%'&ef'l%Fo(m'l*e
/&2%$0" ×""$."B"$0+.
/&&2 $0" ÷ "$." B "$0–.
/&&&2 /$02."B"/$.20"B "$0.

0 0
-
æ$ö . æ ; ö.
/&?2 ç ÷ =ç ÷
è;ø è$ø

/?2" $0"÷";–."B "$0"× ";.

/?&2 / . $ 2. "B"$<"=5)#)"9.9"&,"$"+-,&4&?)"&.4)8)#"$.%"9$9"$"+-,&4&?)"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#

/?&&2 .
$ . ; = . $; <"=5)#)"9.9"&,"$"+-,&4&?)"&.4)8)#"$.%"9$9<"9;9"$#)"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#,6

.
$ $
/?&&&2" = .
<"=5)#)"9.9"&,"$"+-,&4&?)"&.4)8)#"$.%"9$9<"9;9"$#)"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#,6
.
; ;

/&*2 0 .
$ = 0.
$ = . 0
$ <"=5)#)"909<"9.9"$#)"+-,&4&?)"&.4)8)#,"$.%"9$9"&,"$"+-,&4&?)"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#

/*2 . 0
/$ k 20 = . $ k = 0. $ k0 <"=5)#)"909<"9.9"$#)"9k9"$#)"+-,&4&?)"&.4)8)#,"$.%"9$9"&,"$"+-,&4&?)"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#

/*&2 $´ $ =$

/*&&2 $ ´ ; = $;

/*&&&2 / $ + ; 2J = $ + ; + J $;

/*&?2 / $ – ;2J = $ + ; – J $;

/*?2%$"+ ; = ' + % %"Þ"$"B"'"$.%";"B"%6

C $+ ; $+ ;
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

/*?&2 = =
$– ; / $ – ;2/ $ + ; 2 $-;

C $- ; $- ;
/*?&&2" = =
$+ ; / $ + ; 2/ $ - ; 2 $-;

/*?&&&2%@3"*"B"./.+C2<"45).

/$2" * – * – * - 666666¥ = .

/;2" * + * + * + 666666¥ = /. + C2

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Class X
SURDS AND INDICES EXERCISE
11. 6
4 ¸ 4 6 "B
1. @3" C9 - 4 * "B" CJ - 7 <"45)."*"B

/C2"84 /J2"J8 /32"JC /42"C4 J

/C2" CJ /J2" CJ J7 D J
J7
2. 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 + 6666666666¥ "B

/C2"3 /J2"J /32"C /42"±3 /32" 6 J D 3 /42" 4 3 D J

3. @3"$"B" C4 + C8 <";"B" C5 + C7 <"45).: 12. @3"*"B" 3 9 <"1"B" 4 CC <"H"B" 6 C7 "45).:

/C2"$"F"; /J2"$"I";
/C2"*"F"1"F"H /J2"1"F"H"F"*
/32"$"B"; /42"$"B"C65;
/32"H"F"1"F"* /42"*"I"H"I"1
4. R$4&-.$(&,&.8"3$'4-#"-3" 3 J5 - 3 5 + C "&,
13. 75)",0$((),4"-3" 3 4 <" 4 5 <" 4 6 <" 3 8 "&,:
/C2" 3 5 + 11 /J2" 3 5 + 1
/C2" 3 8 /J2" 4 5
/32" 5 + 1 /42" 5 + 3
/32" 3 4 /42" 4 6
Cé J ù
5. @3"*"B" 8 - 6G <"45)." ê * + ú "B 14. / CC - CG 2" ( CJ - CC 2
Jë *û
/C2"I /J2"F
/C2" 5 /J2" 3 /32" J 5 /42" J 3
/32"B /42"'$.’4";)"%)4)#0&.)%

6. CJ 5 + J 55 "B 15. CJ + 4 5 =
/C2"/ CC +C2 4 5 /J2" 4 5 /C+ 5 2
/C2" CG + J /J2" CG + J
/32" 4 5 / CC + 5 2 /42"N-.)"-3"45),)
/32" CG - J /42" 10 - 2
7. 5G + 48 = k/ 3 + J 2 <"45)."k"B
16. @3"*"B" J "+"C<"1"B" C7 - J <"45).
/C2" JCDJ /J2"J /32" JCD4 /42"N-.)
/C2"*"I"1 /J2"*"F"1
4+3 5
8. @3" "B"$+; 5 <"45)."/$<";2"B /32"*"B"1 /42"N-.)
4-3 5
l
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

æ 6C -J4 ö æ -6C J4 ö 17. @3" "B

< < CG + C4 + C5 + JC
/C2" ç ÷ /J2" ç ÷
è J9 J9 ø è J9 J9 ø

CG - C4 - C5 + JC
æ 6C J4 ö æ -6C -J4 ö <"45).:
/32" ç < ÷ /42" ç < ÷ k
è J9 J9 ø è J9 J9 ø
/C2"k"B"lDJ /J2"l"B"kDJ
9. @3"*"B" 5 <"1"B" 4 CG <"H"B" 3 6 <"45).: /32"l"B"JDk /42"N-.)
CD3
/C2"*"I"1"I"H /J2"1"I"H"I"* 18. !"#$4&-.$(&,&.8"3$'4-#"-3"J "+"J–CD3"&,:
/32"H"I"*"I"1 /42"N-.) /C2"JJD3"–"C"+"J–JD3
10. @3"$<";<"'"$#)"#$4&-.$(",:'5"45$4"$"+"; J "+" ' 3 "B"G< /J2"JCD3"–"C"+"J–CD3
CD3 –CD3
45).: /32"J "+"C"+"J
/C2";"B"'"B"G /J2"$"B"G /42"JJD3"+"C"+"J–JD3
/32"$"B";"B"'"B"G /42"N-.)
38

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 Mathematics
19. 75)"+-,&4&?)",q:$#)"#--4"-3" CC + CCJ "&,:
28. @3" * = $ + $J + C "45)."$"&."4)#0,"-3"*"&,
/C2" 7 + J /J2" 7 + J
*J - C *J + C *J - C *J - 3
/C2" /J2" /32" /42"
J* J* J J
/32"J"–" 7 /42"N-.)

20. @3"*"B"J"+"JCD3"+"JJD3<"45)."*3"–"6*J"+"6*"B6666666 29. !"#$4&-.$(&,&.8"3$'4-#"-3" 3 C6 + 3 4 + C "&,:

/C2"J /J2"C /32"4 /42"3 (1) (4CD3"+"C2 /J2"4CD3"–"C
/32"JCD3"+"C /42"JCD3"–"C
21. 75)",q:$#)"#--4" 5 + J 6 "&,:
*
/C2" 3 + J /J2" 3 - J 30. @3"*"B" 3 - 5 <"45)." "B"66666666666666666
J + 3* - J
/32" J - 3 /42" 3 + J
/C2"CD 5 /J2" 5
3DJ 3DJ
22. @3"/4"+" C5 2 "–"/4"–" C5 2 "B"k 6 <"45)."k"B666666 /32" 3 /42"CD 3
/C2"9 /J2"8 /32"7 /42"6
$ + $J - C
23. JC - 4 5 + 8 3 - 4 C5 "B"6666666666666 31. R$4&-.$(&,)"45)"%).-0&.$4-#"-3" "&,
$ - $J - C
/C2" 5 - J + J 3
/C2" 2a 2 + 2a a 2 - 1 - 1
/J2"– 5 - 4 - CJ
/J2" 2a a 2 - 1 - 1
/32" - 5 + 4 + CJ
/32" a 2 - 1 - 1
/42" - 5 - 4 + CJ
/42"J$"–"C
C C
+ 32. J* J - C + J* * J - C "B"6666666666666
24. "B"6666666666666666
CJ + C4G 8 - 6G
/C2" * - *J - C
J
/C2" /J2"G /J2" * + *J - C
CG + 84
/32" * + *J + C
C J
/32" /42" /42" * - *J + C
CG + 84 CG - 84

33. @3" C" £" $" £" J<" 45)." $ - J $ -C - $ + J $ -C

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

7+4 3 J J
25. @3"*"B" <"45)."* /*"–"C42 "B"666666666666666 B666666
7-4 3
/C2"J /J2" J $ - C
/C2"C /J2"–C
/32"–J /42"N-.)
/32"J /42"–J
C C 4
26. @3" J3 + * CG = C8 + 5 "45)."*"B 34. - + =
J- 3 3+ J 3- 5
/C2"6 /J2"–6
/32"J /42"–J /C2" 3 + J + 7

4+3 3 /J2" 5 + J + 5
27. @3" "B"$"+" ; <"45)."/$<";2"B"6666666666666666
7+4 3 /32" J + 5

/C2"/CJ<"–C2 /J2"/C<"CJ2 /42"1 - 5

/32"/–C<"CJ2 /42"/–CJ<"C2

39

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Class X

C C 3+ 6
35. + "B 44. "B
5 - 5 - J4 5 - 5 + J4 75 - 48 - 3J + 5G

/C2"CDJ /J2"CD J /C2" J /J2" 3

/32"CD3 /42"–CD 3 /32" 3 + J /42" 3 - J

36. @3"+"B" 3J - J4 "$.%"q"B" 5G - 48 <"45).: 6+J 3

45. @3" "B" $ + ; 3 <"45)."$"+";"B
/C2"+"I"q /J2"+"F"q 33 - C9 3
/32"+"B"q /42"N-.) /C2"6 /J2"8
37. !"#$4&-.$(&,&.8"3$'4-#"-3" 3 C6 - 4 + C "&,:
3 /32"CG /42"CJ

CJ
/C2" 3 4 + C /J2" 3 4 - C 46. "B
3+ 5 +J J
/32" 3 4 + J /42" 3 4 - J
/C2" C - 5 + J + CG
4
38. @3" "B" $ + ; - ' <"45).: /J2" C + 5 + J - CG
J+ 3 + 7
/32" C + 5 - J + CG
/C2"$"B"C<";"B"4D3<"'"B"7D3
/J2"$"B"C<";"B"JD3<"'"B"7D9 /42" C - 5 - J + CG
/32"$"B"JD3<";"B"C<"'"B"7D3
J J
/42"$"B"7D9<";"B"4D3<"'"B"C 47. @3" /5 + J 6 2 * -3
+ /5 - J 6 2 * -3
= CG <"45)."*"B

39. @3" J3 + * CG "B" C8 + 5 <"45)."*"B /C2"J<"J /J2" J <" - J

/C2"J /J2"3 /32"J<" + J /42"J<"–J<" J <" - J

/32"5 /42"6
* 1
48. @3"*"B" J + 3 <"*1"B"C<"45)." J + * + J - 1 "B
5 6
40. !"#$4&-.$(".:0;)#";)4=))." "$.%" "&,
6 7
/C2" J /J2" 3 /32"C /42"N-.)
7 C
/C2" /J2"
84 84 + q
æ Cö æ Cö
8C 7C çè + + q ÷ø çè + - q ÷ø æ +ö
*
/32" /42" 49. @3" = ç ÷ "45)."*"B"66666666666666
74 84 + q è qø
æ Cö æ Cö
çè q + + ÷ø çè q - + ÷ø
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\3_Surds & Indices (Th. + Ex.).p65

* C
41. @3"*"B" 5 + J 6 <"45)." - "B
J J*
/C2"+"–"q /J2"+"+"q /32"q"–"+ /42"+q
/C2"C /J2"J
50. S&0+(),4"3-#0"-3" 567 "&,
/32"3 /42"4
/C2" 7 /J2" 3 3
3 J 4 3 J 3
42. - + =
6- 3 6- J 6 +J /32" 9 7 /42" 6 7
/C2"J /J2"C
/32"G /42"–C 5+ 3
51. =
J- 3
43. @3"*"B" 7 - 5 <"1"B C3 - CC <"45).:
/C2" 3 + 7 3 /J2"13 + 3
/C2"*"B"1 /J2"*"F"1
/32"*"I"1 /42"*"³"1 /32"1 + 3 /42"13 + 7 3

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 Mathematics
62. 75 )" ?$(:)" -3" 4 5)" )*+#),,&- .:
52. @3" CG + J JC = 7 + * "45)."*"B

(* ) ´ (* ) ´ (* )
J J J
/C2"4 /J2"3 /32"C /42"G $+; ;+ ' '+$
6 "@3 "* "B "J< "$ "B "C<
(* * * )
4
$ ; '
7+4 3 C
53. *= "45)." * + =
7-4 3 *
;"B"J<"'"B"3"&,
/C2"G /J2"–C /C2"C /J2"8
/32"C4 /42"J /32"G /42"N-.)"-3"45),)

54. @3" 3 + J7 + 75 = $ + ; 3 "45)."$<";"B 9 C

63. @3"J7k"B" <"45)."45)"?$(:)"-3" "&,
k
/C2"3<"4 /J2"3<"8 /32"8<"C /42"4<"J 3 kJ

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/32"A-45"/C2"&"/J2 /42"N-.)"-3"45),)
/C2"C /J2"J /32"6 /42"G * 1 H
64. @3"4 "B"5 "B"JG <"45)."45)"?$(:)"-3"H"&,
C C
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3-J J 3+J J /C2" /J2"–"J*1
*+1
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C C *1
+ = /32"J*1 /42"
57. *"B"7"+" 4 3 "$.%"*1"B"C"45)." J J *+1
* 1

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3
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/C2"$;' /J2"3$;' /C2"J /J2"G
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J J
-1 -1 -1
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a .b. b .c. c .a "&,
?$(:)"-3"*"&,
/C2"G /J2"C /C2"–"J

C /J2"3
/32" /42"$;
$; /32"A-45"/C2"$.%"/J2
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* ;
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æ Cö C
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41

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Class X
69. 75)".:0)#&'$("?$(:)"-3
3
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C C C 78. × * B
æ C$ – ; ö $ –' æ C ö ;–$ æ C ö '– ; 5 3
´ ç * ;–' ÷ ´ ç * '–$ ÷ "&, *
çè * ÷ø è ø è ø
/C2 "*76DC5 /J2 "*78DC5
/C2"C /J2"8 /32"G /42"N-.) /32 "*79DC5 /42 "*77DC5
79. @3"8GG"B"8"×"CG8"×"*–3DJ<"45)."*B
æ J.–C .–C ö æ .–C .–C ö
çè * + 1J ÷ ç *J – 1J ÷ /C2"CGJ /J2"CG3 /32"CG4 /42"CG5
70. 75)"?$(:)"-3" øè ø
. .
*J – 1 J 3D4 7D6
æ 5ö æ 5ö
80. çè – 6÷ø =5)." %&?&%)%" ;1" ç – ÷ " ;)'-0),
&, è ø 6
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76. /G6GGG7J92–3D4" ×"/G6G92–3D4B

J
æ –C ö
CG3 CG5 CGJ CG6 85. ç 7 J ×5J ÷ ÷ J53 B
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 Mathematics
1 *
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87. /J7–J2CD3" ×" 43 B
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* 1"

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43

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Class X

7 –5 45
æ * –C1J ö æ *3 1 –5 ö + q" 115. J3 B
106. @3" ç ÷ ¸ ç –J 3 ÷ " B "* .1 45)." 45) 3J JG
J –4
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?$(:),"+"$.%"q"$#) *+1
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117.
$ –;
+ B
C+ * C + * ;–$
C–J*
æ qö +
107. @3" ç ÷ = "45)."45)"?$(:)"*"&,
è +ø q *$; *$;
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æ Cö *
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$ + ;– ' ;+'–$ '+$ – ;
/$ –'2/ ;–' 2 /; –$2/'–$ 2 /'– ;2/$– ;2
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 Mathematics
124. 75)"?$(:)"-3
$+; ;+' '+$
æ *$ ö æ *; ö æ *' ö
0+.– l 0 +l –. l+0 –. 133. ç ; ÷ ×ç ' ÷ ×ç $ ÷ B
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45

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Class X
143. E5&'5"-3"45)"3-((-=&.8".-4")q:$("4-"16? –C
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ANSWER% KEY

Q'e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A"&. 3 C J J C C 3 4 J 3 C C J J J
Q'e. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A"&. C 3 C C C 4 C 3 4 C C 3 C J C
Q'e. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
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A"&. C J 3 J 4 J C C 4 4 J 3 J J J
Q'e. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
A"&. J 4 C J 3 4 J 3 J 3 J C 4 J J
Q'e. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75
A"&. 3 C C 4 J 3 J C C C 3 4 J 3 C
Q'e. 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
A"&. 4 C 4 3 J C J 3 3 C 3 J 4 4 J
Q'e. 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105
A"&. J 4 C J C 3 C 3 J 3 3 C C C J
Q'e. 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
A"&. 3 C C J 3 4 J 3 C 4 C 3 3 C 4
Q'e. 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135
A"&. 3 C 4 3 C C C C J 4 3 4 J J 4
Q'e. 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145
A"&. 3 3 C J J J 4 4 J J

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 Mathematics

4. POLYNOMIALS
n Polynomial in one variable
!"#$%&'()$*+#',-)'..*/"#/0#12'#0/)3
-4,5#6#$","#7#$"89,"89#7!$"8:,"8:#7;;;;7#$9,9#7#$<,<=#>2')'
4*5 $"#¹#<
4**5 $<=#$9=#$:=;;;$"#$)'#)'$%#"?3(').
4***5 -/>')#/0#,#*.#$#-/.*1*@'#*"1'&')=#*.#+$%%'A#$#-/%B"/3*$%#*"#/"'#@$)*$(%';
C'"+'=#$ "=#$ "89 =!$ "8: =;;;;;=#$<#$)'#+/'00*+*'"1.#/0#, "=#,"89 =#;;;;;;;;;;;;=, <#)'.-'+1*@'%B#$"A#$","=#$"89,"89=!$"8
"8:=;;;#$)'#1')3.#/0#12'#-/%B"/3*$%;#C')'#12'#1')3#$ ,"#*.#+$%%'A#12'#leading term#$"A#*1.#+/'00*+*'"1#$ =#12'
:, " "
leading coefficient.
n Degree of polynomials
D'&)''#/0#12'#-/%B"/3*$%#*"#/"'#@$)*$(%'#*.#12'#%$)&'.1#',-/"'"1#/0#12'#@$)*$(%';#E/)#',$3-%'=#12'#A'&)''#/0#12'
-/%B"/3*$%#F,G#8#H,I#7#,#7#J#*.#G#$"A#12'#A'&)''#/0#12'#-/%B"/3*$%#K,I#8#H,:#8#I#*.#I;
n Classification of polynomials
l "#$%&#'()$*!+$)**(,(-.!/%!.-01--

2-01-- 3)'- 4-&-1)$!,#1' 56)'7$-

8#¥# 4?"A'0*"'A5 L')/#-/%B"/3*$% < <
< 4M/"NO')/5#+/".1$"1# $P#4$#¹# <5 9
-/%B"/3*$%
9 Q*"'$)#-/%B"/3*$% $,#7#(P#4$#¹# <5 ,#7#9
: R?$A)$1*+#-/%B"/3*$% $,#: 7#(,#7#+P#4$#¹# <5 :
,# 7#9
$,# 7#(,# 7#+,#7#AP#4$##¹ <5
F :
F S?(*+#-/%B"/3*$% F
,# 7#9

!#-/%B"/3*$%#/0#A'&)''#"=#0/)#"#&)'$1')#12$"#F=#*.#+$%%'A#$#-/%B"/3*$%#/0#A'&)''#";
l "#$%&#'()$*!+$)**(,(-.!/%!8-1'*
9#&#'()$*!:#T/%B"/3*$%.#2$@*"&#/"%B#/"'#1')3#$)'#+$%%'A#3/"/3*$%.;#U;&;#:=#:,=#GB K=#9:1G#'1+;
B(&#'()$*!:#T/%B"/3*$%.#2$@*"&#',$+1%B#1>/#1')3.#$)'#+$%%'A#(*"/3*$%.;#U;&;#-4,5#6#:,#7#9=#)4B5#6#:BG#7#KBI;#'1+;
T1(&#'()$*!:#T/%B"/3*$%.#2$@*"&#',$+1%B#12)''#1')3.#$)'#+$%%'A#1)*"/3*$%.;#U;&;#-4,5#6#:,:#7#,#7#I=
################q4B5#6#JBI#7#HB:#7#9#'1+;
n Zeros / Roots of a polynomial / equation
T2'#@$%?'#/0#12'#@$)*$(%'#,=#0/)#>2*+2#12'#-/%B"/3*$%#04,5#('+/3'.#O')/#*.#+$%%'A#O')/#/0#12'#-/%B"/3*$%;
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\4_Polynomials (Th. + Ex.) .p65

U;&;#:#+/".*A')=#$#-/%B"/3*$%#-4,5#6#,:#8#K,#7#IP#)'-%$+'#,#(B#:#$"A#F;
-4:5#6#4:5:#8#K#×#: #7#I#6#H#8#9<#7#I#6#<=
-4F5#6#4F5:#8#K#×#F #7#I#6#J#8#9K#7#I#6#<
\#:#$"A#F#$)'#12'#O')/.#/0#12'#-/%B"/3*$%#-4,5;
n Roots of a polynomial equation
!"#',-)'..*/"#04,5#6#<#*.#+$%%'A#$#-/%B"/3*$%#'q?$1*/"#*0#04,5#*.#$#-/%B"/3*$%#/0#A'&)''#"#³#9;
!#)'$%#"?3(')#a#*.#$#)//1#/0#$#-/%B"/3*$%#04,5#6#<#*0#04a5#6#<#*;';#a#*.#$#O')/#/0#12'#-/%B"/3*$%#04,5;
U;&;#+/".*A')#12'#-/%B"/3*$%#04,5#6#F,#8#:=#12'"#F,#8#:#6#<#*.#12'#+/))'.-/"A*"&#-/%B"/3*$%#'q?$1*/";
æ:ö æ:ö
C')'=#0 ç ÷ #6# F ç ÷ 8 : = <
F
è ø èFø
:
*;';# *.#$#O')/#/0#12'#-/%B"/3*$%#04,5#6#F,#8#:
F
:
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F
47

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Class X
n Important concepts
l !#"/"NO')/#+/".1$"1#*.#$#-/%B"/3*$%#/0#A'&)''#O')/=#(?1#12'#A'&)''#/0#O')/#-/%B"/3*$%#*.#"/1#A'0*"'A;
l I0#12'#.?3#/0#12'#+/N'00*+*'"1.#/0#-/%B"/3*$%#*.#O')/=#12'"#4,#8#95#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#12'#-/%B"/3*$%;
l !#-/%B"/3*$%#*"#,#*.#.$*A#1/#('#$#-/%B"/3*$%#*"#.1$"A$)A#0/)3=#*0#12'#-/>').#/0#,#$)'#'*12')#*"#$.+'"A*"&##/)A')
/)#*"#A'.+'"A*"&#/)A');
l !#-/%B"/3*$%#/0#A'&)''#"#³#9#+$"#2$@'#$1#12'#3/.1#"#)'$%#O')/.;
l !#"/"NO')/#+/".1$"1#-/%B"/3*$%#2$.#"/#O')/;
l U@')B#%*"'$)#-/%B"/3*$%#2$.#/"'#$"A#/"%B#/"'#O')/;
l !#q?$A)$1*+#-/%B"/3*$%#$,:#7#(,#7#+=#$#¹#<#+$"#2$@'#$1#3/.1#1>/#)'$%#O')/.;#I"#./3'#+$.'.=#*1#3$B#"/1#2$@'
$"B#)'$%#O')/;
l L')/#/0#$#-/%B"/3*$%#*.#$+1?$%%B#12'#./%?1*/"#/0#12'#+?)@'=#B#6#04,5#$"A#12'#%*"'#B#6#<;
n Remainder theorem
l S8)8-'-&8!:#Q'1#-4,5#('#$#-/%B"/3*$%#/0#A'&)''#³#9#$"A#'$'#*.#$"B#)'$%#"?3(');#I0#-4,5#*.#A*@*A'A#(B#4,#8#$5=#12'"
12'#)'3$*"A')#*.#-4$5;
} -48$5#*.#)'3$*"A')#/"#A*@*A*"&#-4,5#(B#4,#7#$5 [Q#,#7#$#6#<#Þ#,#6#8#$]
æ(ö
} - ç ÷ #*.#)'3$*"A')#/"#A*@*A*"&#-4,5#(B#4$,#8#(5 [Q#$,#8#(#6#<#Þ#,#6#(/$]
è$ø
æ -( ö
} -ç ÷ #*.#)'3$*"A')#/"#A*@*A*"&#-4,5#(B#4$,#7#(5 [Q#$,#7#(#6#<#Þ#,#6#8(/$]
è $ ø
æ(ö
} - ç ÷ #*.#)'3$*"A')#/"#A*@*A*"&#-4,5#(B#4(#8#$,5 [Q#(#8#$,#6#<#Þ#,#6#(/$]
è$ø
n Factor theorem
l S8)8-'-&8#:#Q'1#04,5#('#$#-/%B"/3*$%#/0#A'&)''#³#9#$"A#$#('#$"B#)'$%#+/".1$"1#.?+2#12$1#04$5#6#<=#12'"#4,#8#$5#*.
$#0$+1/)#/0#04,5;#S/"@').'%B=#*0#4,#8#$5#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#04,5=#12'"#04$5#6#<;
l "(6)!(*!)!7#$%&#'()$!#,!.-01--!³!1!)&.!“)”!(*!)!1-)$!&u'/-1!8h-&
-4$5#6#<#Þ 4,#8#$5#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#-4,5
} 4,#8#$5#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#-4,5#12'"#-4$5#6#<
æ(ö
} $,#8#(#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#-4,5#12'"# T ç ÷ = <
è$ø
-( ö
} $,#7#(#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#-4,5#12'"# T æç ÷=<
è $ ø
} 4,#8#$5#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#,"#8#$"#>2')'#“"”#*.#$"#/AA#-/.*1*@'#*"1'&')
} 4,#7#$5#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#,"#8#$"#>2')'#“"”#*.#$"#/AA#-/.*1*@'#*"1'&')
} 4,#7#$5#*.#0$+1/)#/0#,"#8#$"#>2')'#“"”#*.#-/.*1*@'#'@'"#*"1'&');
} 4,"#7#$"5#*.#"/1#A*@*.*(%'#(B#,#7#$#>2'"#“"”#*.#'@'"
} ,"#7#$"#*.#"/1#A*@*.*(%'#(B#,#8#$#0/)#$"B#“"”
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\4_Polynomials (Th. + Ex.) .p65

} I0#,#8#9#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#-/%B"/3*$%#/0#A'&)''#‘"’#12'"#12'#+/"A*1*/"#*.#.?3#/0#12'#+/'00'+*'"1.#*.#O')/;
} I0#4,#7#95#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#-/%B"/3*$%#/0#A'&)''#‘"’#12'"#12'#+/"A*1*/"#*.#.?3#/0#12'#+/'00*+*'"1.#/0#'@'"#1')3.
*.#'q?$%#1/#12'#+/'00*+*'"1.#/0#/AA#1')3.;
n Relationship between the zeros and coefficients of a polynomial
E/)#$#%*"'$)#-/%B"/3*$%#$,#7#(=#4$#¹ <5=#>'#2$@'=
( 4+/".1$"1 1')35
O')/ /0 $ %*"'$) -/%B"/3*$% = - =-
$ 4+/'00*+*'"1 /0 ,5
E/)#$#q?$A)$1*+#-/%B"/3*$%#$,:#7#(,#7#+##4$#¹ <5=#>*12#a $"A#b $.#*1'.#O')/.=#4,#8#a5#$"A#4,#8#b5#$)'#12'#0$+1/).#/0
$,:#7#(,#7#+;
T2')'0/)'=#$,:#7#(,#7#+#6#K4,#8#a5#4,#8#b5=#4>2')'#K#*.#$#+/".1$"1#1/#($%$"+'#12'#'q?$1*/"#/0#12'#+/'00*+*'"1#/0
,:#*;';#$#¹#9;5
6#K#,:#8#K#4a + b5#,#7#K#a b
+/3-$)*"&#12'#+/'00*+*'"1.#/0#,:=#,#$"A#+/".1$"1#1')3.#/"#(/12#12'#.*A'.=#>'#&'1
$#6#K=#(#6#8#K#4a + b5#$"A#+#6#K#a b
48

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 Mathematics
T2*.#&*@'.
( 4+/'00*+*'"1 /0 ,5
S?3 /0 O')/. = a +b = - =-
$ 4+/'00*+*'"1 /0 , : 5
+ 4+/".1$"1 1')35
T)/A?+1 /0 O')/. = a b = =
$ 4+/'00*+*'"1 /0 , : 5
I0#a#$"A#b $)'#12'#O')/.#/0#$#q?$A)$1*+#-/%B"/3*$%#04,5;#T2'"#-/%B"/3*$%#04,5#*.#&*@'"#(B
04,5#6#K{,:#8#4a#7#b5,#7#ab}
/) 04,5#6#K{,:#8#4.?3#/0#12'#O')/.5#,#7#-)/A?+1#/0#12'#O')/.}
>2')'#K#*.#$#+/".1$"1;
n Symmetric functions of the zeros
Q'1#a,b#('#12'#O')/.#/0#$#q?$A)$1*+#-/%B"/3*$%=#12'"#12'#',-)'..*/"#/0#12'#0/)3#a + bP#4a:#7#b:5#P#ab#$)'#+$%%'A
12'#0?"+1*/".#/0#12'#O')/.;#BB#.B33'1)*+#0?"+1*/"#>'#3'$"#12$1#12'#0?"+1*/"#)'3$*"#*"@$)*$"1#4?"$%1')'A5#*"
@$%?'.#>2'"#12'#)//1.#$)'#+2$"&'A#+B+%*+$%%B;#I"#/12')#>/)A.=#$"#',-)'..*/"#*"@/%@*"&#a#$"A#b#>2*+2#)'3$*".
?"+2$"&'A#(B#*"1')+2$"&*"&#a#$"A#b#*.#+$%%'A#$#.B33'1)*+#0?"+1*/"#/0#a#$"A#b;
S/3'#?.'0?%#)'%$1*/".#*"@/%@*"&#a#$"A#b $)'#:N
} a:#7#b:#6#4a#7#b5:#8#:ab
} 4a#8#b5:#6#4a#7#b5:#8#Hab
} a:#8#b:#6#4a#7#b5#4a#8#b5#6#4a#7#b5 4a 7 b 5: 8 Hab
} aF#7#bF#6#4a#7#b5F#8#Fab 4a#7#b5
} aF#8#bF#6#4a#8#b5F#7#Fab 4a#8#b5
} aH#8#bH#6#4a2#7#b25#4a#7#b5#4a#8#b5#6#[4a#7#b5:#8#:ab]#4a + b5 4a 7 b 5: 8 Hab
} aH#7#bH#6#4a2#7#b25:#8#:4ab5:#6#[4a#7#b5:#8#:ab]:#8#:4ab5:

} aK#7#bK#6#4a3#7#b35#4a2#7#b25##8#a:b:#4a + b5#6#[4a + b5F#8#Fab#4a + b5]#[4a + b5:#8#:ab]#8#4ab5:#4a + b5

n Division algorithm for polynomials
I0#04,5#*.#$#-/%B"/3*$%#$"A#&4,5#*.#$#"/"NO')/#-/%B"/3*$%=#12'"#12')'#',*.1#1>/#-/%B"/3*$%.#q4,5#$"A#)4,5#.?+2#12$1
04,5#6#&4,5#×#q4,5#7#)4,5#=#>2')'#)4,5#6#<#/)#A'&)''#)4,5#<#A'&)''#&4,5;#I"#/12')#>/)A.=
2(v(.-&.!=!2(v(*#1!×!!!Qu#8(-&8!+!R-')(&.-1
R-')1k!:!I0#)4,5#6#<#=#12'"#-/%B"/3*$%#&4,5#*.#$#0$+1/)#/0#-/%B"/3*$%#04,5;
n Algebraic identities
!"#$%&'()$*+#*A'"1*1B#*.#$"#$%&'()$*+#'q?$1*/"#12$1#*.#1)?'#0/)#$%%#@$%?'.#/0#12'#@$)*$(%'.#-)'.'"1#*"#12'#'q?$1*/";
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\4_Polynomials (Th. + Ex.) .p65

} 4,#7#B5:#6#,:#7#:,B#7#B:
} 4,#8#B5:#6#,:#8#:,B#7#B:
} ,:#8#B:#6#4,#7#B5#4,#8#B5
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} 4,#7#B5F#6#,F#7#BF#7#F,B#4,#7#B5
} 4,#8#B5F#6#,F#8#BF#8#F,B#4,#8#B5
} ,F#7#BF#6#4,#7#B5#4,:#8#,B#7#B:5
} ,F#8#BF#6#4,#8#B5#4,:#7#,B#7#B:5
} ,F#7#BF#7#OF#8#F,BO#6#4,#7#B#7#O5#4,:#7#B:#7#O:#8#,B#8#BO8O,5
} I0#$#7#(#7#+#6#<=#12'"#$F#7#(F#7#+F#6#F$(+

49

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Class X
POLYNOMIAL EXERCISE
8. I0#-=q#$)'#O')/.#/0#,:#7#-,#7#q=#12'"
9 9
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\4_Polynomials (Th. + Ex.) .p65

14. I"# 3'12/A# /0# 0$+1/)*O$1*/"# /0# $"# $%&'()$*+

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50

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 Mathematics
16. T2'#2/3/&'"'/?.#0?"+1*/"#/0#12'#.'+/"A#A'&)'' 25. T2'#Q;S;M;#/0#::,4,#7#95:#$"A#FI,:4:,:#7#F,#7#95
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4F5#,:#7#,B#8#:B: 4H5#M/"'#/0#12'.' 4F5#GJ:,F4,#7#95:#4:,:#7#F,#7#95
17. T2'#+/33/"#q?$"1*1B#12$1#3?.1#('#$AA'A#1/#'$+2 4H5#M/"'#/0#12'.'
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495#8K=#8#F< 4:5#8K=#F< 495#$#$"A#(#$)'#/0#/--/.*1'#.*&".;

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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\4_Polynomials (Th. + Ex.) .p65

495#8,:#8#9<,#7#: 4:5#,:#8#K,#7#H 4F5# b= 4H5# =

a a b
4F5#:,:#8#K,#7#: 4H5#,:#8#9<,#7#I
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Class X
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\4_Polynomials (Th. + Ex.) .p65

A3SW5R! K5Y
Qu-. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A&*. 9 : 9 : 9 H 9 9 H F : 9 : F F 9 9 F : :
Qu-. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
A&*. F H F 9 : H 9 F : F 9 9 F 9 : H : : F H
Qu-. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
A&*. 9 F : : : F H : : 9 9 9 9 F F : : : 9 F
Qu-. 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
A&*. 9 F F 9 9 F H F 9 : H H H H F : F F H 9
Qu-. 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
A&*. : : 9 F H : H H F : H : F 9 : : H F F 9
Qu-. 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
A&*. : 9 H H H F H H H :

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 Mathematics

5. RATIONAL EXPRESSIONS
n Rational expressions

35*6
!"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&($-("&("'.)/,"$0()*+,)--$%&(12$02($-(%3(#2)(3%,4( (12),)(35*6("&7(.(5*6(",)(+%'8&%4$"'-
.5*6
"&7(.5*6($-(&%#("(9),%(+%'8&%4$"':
Note :

35*6
l ;<),8(+%'8&%4$"'($-("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&("-(35*6(0"&(/)(1,$##)&("-( :
1

35*6
l .5*6
($-(&%#("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&($3()$#2),(&u4),"#%,(35*6(%,(7)&%4$&"#%,(.5*6(%,(/%#2(35*6("&7(.5*6(",)(&%#

+%'8&%4$"'-:

n Rational expressions in lowest terms

35*6
L)#(35*6("&7(.5*6(2"<)($&#).),(0%)33$0$)&#-("&7(HCF(%3(35*6("&7(.5*6($-(1,(#2)&(#2)(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&( ($-(-"$7
.5*6
#%(/)($&($#-('%1)-#(#),4-:
I3(HCF(%3(35*6("&7(.5*6($-(&%#()qu"'(#%(1,(#2)&(/8(0"&0)''$&.(HCF(%3(35*6("&7(.5*6(3,%4(/%#2(&u4),"#%,("&7
7)&%4$&"#%,,(1)(0"&(,)7u0)(#2)(.$<)&(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&(#%($#-('%1)-#(#),4:

n Addition/subtraction of rational expressions

35*6 25*6 35*6 25*6 35*6 +5*6 + 25*6.5*6

T2)(-u4(%3("&8(#1%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-( ("&7( (($-(1,$##)&("-( + = (I3(#2)
.5*6 +5*6 .5*6 +5*6 .5*6 +5*6

35*6 25*6 35*6 + 25*6

7)&%4$&"#%,-(.5*6("&7(+5*6(",)()qu"'(#2)&( + =
.5*6 +5*6 .5*6

35*6 25*6 35*6 +5*6 - 25*6 .5*6

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\5_Rationsal Expression (Th. + Ex.).p65

T2)(7$33),)&0)(%3(#2)("/%<)(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-(0"&(/)(1,$##)&("-( - =
.5*6 +5*6 .5*6 +5*6

Note :

l Su4(%,(7$33),)&0)(%3(#1%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&($-("'-%("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&:

35*6 -35*6 35*6 35*6 æ - 35*6 ö

l F%,("&8(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&( , ($-(0"'')7(#2)("77$#$<)($&<),-)(%3( :($:):,( +ç ÷=0
.5*6 .5*6 .5*6 .5*6 è .5*6 ø

* + 1 3* - 2
Ex. S$4+'$38( +
2* - 1 * - 1

* + 1 3* - 2 5* + 165* - 16 + 53* - 2652* - 16 * 2 - 1 + 6* 2 - 7* + 2 7* 2 - 7* + 1

Sol. + = = = 2
2* - 1 * - 1 52* - 16 5* - 16 2*2 - 3* + 1 2* - 3* + 1

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Class X
n Multiplication of rational expressions

35*6 25*6 35*6 25*6 35*6:25*6

T2)(+,%7u0#(%3(#1%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-( ("&7( ($-(.$<)&(/8( ´ =
.5*6 +5*6 .5*6 +5*6 .5*6:+5*6

Note :

l T2)(+,%0)--(%3(3$&7$&.(#2)
5$6(+,%7u0#(%3(#1%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-($-(-$4$'",(#%(#2)(+,%0)--(%3(3$&7$&.(#2)(+,%7u0#(%3(#1%(,"#$%&"'(&u4/),-:
5$$6(+,%7u0#(%3(#1%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-($-("'-%("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&:(A3#),(3$&7$&.(#2)(+,%7u0#(%3(#1%(,"#$%&"'
)*+,)--$%&(4u-#(/)(+u#($&($#-('%1)-#(#),4-:

n Division of rational expressions

35*6 25*6 35*6 25*6 35*6 +5*6 35*6 +5*6

L)#( ("&7( (/)(#1%(&%&-9),%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-,(#2)&( ¸ = ´ $:):, (12$02($-
.5*6 +5*6 .5*6 +5*6 .5*6 25*6 .5*6 25*6
"'-%("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&:
Note :

l T2)(+,%0)--(%3(7$<$7$&.(#1%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-($-(-$4$'",(#%(#2)(+,%0)--(%3(7$<$7$&.(#1%(,"#$%&"'(&u4/),-:

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\5_Rationsal Expression (Th. + Ex.).p65

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 Mathematics
RATIONAL EXPRESSIONS EXERCISE
1. T2)()*+,)--$%&(#%(/)("77)7(#%(55*2(–(7*(+(26(#% æ *2 + 8* + 12 ö
+,%7u0)(57*2(–(16($-(:- 8. çç 2 ÷÷ ($&('%1)-#(#),4-($-(:-
516(2*2 (+(7*(+(3 526(2*2(+(7*(–(3 è * + 4* - 12 ø
536(12* (–(7*(+(1
2 546(2*2(–(3
*+2 *+6
2. W2"#(4u-#(/)("77)7(#%(1(–(*(+(*2(–(2*3(#%(+,%7u0) 516( 526(
* -2 *-2
*3(?
516(*3(–(*2(+(*(–(1 526(–1(+(*(+(*2(–(3*3 *+2 *-6
536(3*3(–(*2(+(*(–(1 546(N%&)(%3(#2)-) 536( 546(
*+6 * -2
3. W2"#(4u-#(/)("77)7(#%(#2)(-u4(%3(4*2(+(3*(–(7
9. T2)()*+,)--$%&
"&7(3*2(+(6*(+(5(#%(.)#(1(?
516(7*2(+(9*(–(3 526(3(–(9*(–(7*2 5* - 165* - 265*2 - 9* + 146
-$4+'$3$)-(#%(:-
536(7*2(+(9*(–(2 546(N%&)(%3(#2)-) 5* - 765*2 - 3* + 26
4. W2"#(-2%u'7(/)(-u/#,"0#)7(3,%4(6*3(–(2*2(+(9*(+
516(5*(–(16 526(5*(–(26
2(-%("-(#%(.)#(10*3(–(*2(–(7*(+(10(?
516(–4*3(–(*2(+(16*(–(8 1
536(5*(–(76 546(
526(4*3(+(*2(–(16*(+(8 5* - 76
536(16*3(–(3*2(+(2*(+(12 10. T2)(-$4+'$3$)7( 3%,4(%3( #2)( ,"#$%&"'( )*+,)--$%&
546(N%&)(%3(#2)-)
æ *2 öæ * - 8 ö
æ * +1 2ö çç 2 - 1÷ ç + 2 ÷ ($-
- ÷ ()*+,)--)7("-("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&($- 2 ÷ 8
5. ç 2 è* -8 øè ø
è * -1 * ø

* 8
5* + 26 *2 - 2 516( 526(
516(– 526( 5* + 86 5* + 86
*5* - 16 *5*2 - 16
8 *
1 25* + 16 536( 546(
536( 546( 5* - 86 5* - 86
*5* + 16 5* 3 - 16
6. T2)(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&(12$02(-2%u'7(/)(-u/#,"0#)7 5*2 - 82 6 5*8 + 82 6
11. T2)(-$4+'$3$)7(3%,4(%3( 2 2
´
5* + 2*8 + 8 6 5* 2 - *86
æ *2 + 2 ö æ *2 + 6* - 1 ö
3,%4( ç * - 1 ÷ (#%(.)#( çç
ç ÷ 2
÷÷ ($-(:- $-(:-
è ø è * -1 ø
* * 8
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\5_Rationsal Expression (Th. + Ex.).p65

8
*2 + * - 3 *2 – * - 6 516( 526( 536( 546(
516( 526( * 8 *+8 *-8
* +1 * +1
1+ * 1 2" + 1
*2 + * - 6 *+3 12. I3("(=( (#2)&( + 2 ($-()qu"'(#%(:-
536( 546( 2- *' " +1 " -1
* -1 * -1
7. T2)(<"'u)(%3 51 + *652 + *6 51 - *652 - *6
516( 526(
52* - 16 5* - 26
æ 1 öæ 1 öæ 1 öæ 1 ö
ç 1 + * + 1 ÷ ç 1 + * + 2 ÷ ç 1 + * + 3 ÷ ç 1 + * + 4 ÷ ($-
è øè øè øè ø
51 + *652 - *6 51 - *652 - *6
536( 546(
1 2* - 1 2* + 1
1
516(1+( 526(
*+5 *+5
2T 1 - T2
13. I3(*(=( 2 ("&7(8(=( ,(#2)&(5*2(+(826($-(:-
* +1 *+5 51 + T 6 1 + T2
536( 546(
*+5 * +1
516(0 526(1 536(T2 546(T4
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Class X

æ *2 - 5* + 6 *2 - 5* + 4 ö æ *2 - 7* + 12 *2 - 13* + 42 *2 + 7* + 10 ö
çç 2 ´ 2 ÷÷ ($&(-$4+'$3$)7(3%,4($- 19. çç 2 ´ ´ 2 ÷
14. *2 - * - 6 * - 10* + 24 ÷ø
è * - 9* + 20 * - 3* + 2 ø è * - 2* - 35
$&(-$4+'$3$)7(3%,4($-(:-
* -2 * -3
516( 526( * -1 *-6 *-7
*-3 *-5 516( 526( 536( 546(1
*-3 *+7 * + 12
* -2 *-5
536( 546( 1 - * 4 1 + *2 1
*-5 * -2 20. T2)(<"'u)(%3( ¸ ´ ($-(:
1–* * *51 + *6
15. W2$02(%3(#2)(3%''%1$&.(-#"#)4)&#-(",)(0%,,)0#(?
1:(;<),8(+%'8&%4$"'($-("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&: 1
516( 526(1(+(* 536(1(–(*2 546(1
2:(;<),8(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&($-("(+%'8&%4$"' *
3. Degree of (x5(–(7*2(+(36($-(5: æ* ö
O3(#2)-)(-#"#)4)&#(#2)(0%,,)0#(%&)-(",)(: ç 8 -1 ÷
516(1(&(2 526(2(&(3 21. T2)(<"'u)(%3( ç ÷ ($-(:
ç1 - * ÷
536(1(&(3 546(1,(2(&(3 ç 8 ÷ø
è
16. W2$02(%3(#2)(3%''%1$&.(-#"#)4)&#-($-(0%,,)0#(?
516(T2)(-u4(%3(#1%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-($-("(,"#$%&"' *
516(0 526(1 536(–1 546(
)*+,)--$%&: 8
526(T2)(+,%7u0#(%3(#1%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-($-(&%#
"'1"8-("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&: 5* + 862 - 5* - 862
22. ($-()qu"'(#%(:
536(T2)(7$33),)&0)(%3(#1%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&-($-(&%# * 2 8 - *8 2
"'1"8-("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&:
1 1 2 4
546(T2)(7$<$-$%&(%3("(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&(/8("(&%&- 516( 526( 536( 546(
*8 *-8 *-8 *-8
9),%(,"#$%&"'()*+,)--$%&(&))7(&%#(/)(,"#$%&"'
)*+,)--$%&: 23. T2)(<"'u)(%3

" / 1 1 æ *-3 2* - 1 2* + 5 ö
ç 2 + 2 – 2 ÷ ($-(:
17. I3(*(=( ("&7(8(=( ,(#2)&( + ($-()qu"'(#% è * - * - 6 2* + 5* - 3 * + 5* + 6 ø
"+/ "-/ * 8
516(1 526(0
"/ "/
516( 526( æ * -3ö
" 2 + /2 "2 - /2 536(–(1 546( ç ÷
è * -2ø
" 2 + /2 "2 - /2 24. T2)(<"'u)(%3
536( 546(
"/ "/
é * 2 - 58 - 962 82 – 5* - 962 92 - 5* – 862 ù
ê 2 2
+ + ú ($-(:
æ 2* - 8 8* + 32 ö ë 5* + 96 - 8 5* + 862 - 92 58 + 962 - * 2 û Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\5_Rationsal Expression (Th. + Ex.).p65

18. çç 2 ´ ÷ (%&(-$4+'$3$0"#$%&(.$<)-(:
è 5* - 46 5*2 + 46 ÷ø 516(0 526(1 536(–(1 546(N%&)

æ *3 - 27 ö
4 2 25. T2)(-$4+'$3$)7(3%,4(%3( ç 2 ÷ ($-(:
516( 526( è * + 3* + 9 ø
*2 + 4 *-2

2 1 * -3 1
2 2 516(5*(–(36 526( 536( 546(
536( 546( 5* - 36 *+3 *+3
*+2 *2 - 4

ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A ns. 2 3 2 1 1 1 4 1 2 3 1 3 2 2 4
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
A ns. 1 3 1 4 4 3 4 2 2 1

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 Mathematics

6. QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
n Quadratic Equation

!"#$%&'()*"#*+#(,$#+*-.

'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5 666666667)8

9,$-$#':#2:#3# Î #;#'"<#'# ¹ #5#)=#3'>>$<#'#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"6#?,$#"&.2$-=#':#2:#3#'-$#3'>>$<#(,$#3*$++)3)$"(=#*+

(,)=#%&'()*"6

l A root of the quadratic Equation

@)=3-).)"'"(#@#4#20#A#B'3

?,$#-**(=#*+#C%#7)8#'-$#D)E$"#2F#(,$#+*-.&>'

-2 ± @ -2 ± 20 - B'3
/= *- /=
0' 0'

l Properties of Quardratic Equations

} !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#,'=#(9*#'"<#*">F#(9*#-**(=6

} !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#3'""*(#,'E$#.*-$#(,'"#(9*#<)++$-$"(#-**(=6

} G+#a#2$#'#-**(#*+#(,$#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5:#(,$"#7/#A#a8#)=#'#+'3(*-#*+#'/0#1##2/#1#3##4#56

l Sum and Product of the roots of a Quadratic Equation

H$'(#a, b#2$#(,$#-**(=#*+#'#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5:#'# ¹ 5:#(,$"

-2 æ 3*$++)3)$"( *+ / ö
a +b = = -ç 0 ÷
' è 3*$++)3)$"( *+ / ø

3 æ 3*"= ('" ( ($-. ö

'"< a6b = =ç ÷
' è 3*$++)3)$"( *+ /0 ø
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\6. Quadratic Equations (Th + Ex.).p65

?,$-$+*-$:

} G+#(,$#(9*#-**(=#a#'"<#b#2$#-$3)I-*3'>#(*#$'3,#*(,$-:#(,$"#'#4#36

} G+#(,$#(9*#-**(=#a#'"<#b#2$#$%&'>#)"#.'D")(&<$#'"<#*II*=)($#)"#=)D"#2#4#56

l Sign of the Roots

!ign of (a + b ) !ign of (ab ) !ign of the a, b

1E$ 1E$ a#'"<#b#'-$#I*=)()E$

AE$ 1E$ a#'"<#b#'-$#"$D'()E$

1E$ AE$ a#)=#I*=)()E$#'"<#b#)=#"$D'()E$#)+#a#J#b

AE$ AE$ a#)=#"$D'()E$#'"<#b#)=#I*=)()E$#)+#a#K#b

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Class X
n Nature of Roots
L*-#'#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5#9,$-$#':#2:#3# Î #;#'"<#'#¹#5#'"<#@#4#20A#B'3
7)8#G+#@#K#5:#-**(=#'-$#).'D)"'-F 7))8#G+#@# ³ #5#-**(=#'-$#-$'>6

} G+#':#2:#3# Î #;#'"<#I#1#)%#)=#*"$#-**(#*+#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#79,$-$#%# ¹ 58#(,$"#(,$#*(,$-#-**(#.&=(#2$

3*"M&D'($#I#A#)%#'"<#E)3$NE$-='6#7I:%# Î ;#'"<#)#4 -O 8

} G+#':#2:#3# Î #Q#'"<# I 1 % #)=#*"$#-**(#*+#(,$#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*":#(,$"#(,$#*(,$-#-**(#.&=(#2$#(,$

3*"M&D'($# I - % '"<#E)3$NE$-='#79,$-$#I#)=#'#-'()*"'>#'"<# % )=#'#=&-<86

} G+#'#4#O#'"<#2:#3# Î G#'"<#(,$#-**(=#*+#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#'-$#-'()*"'>#"&.2$-=:#(,$"#(,$=$#-**(=#.&=(#2$
)"($D$-=6

l Condition for Common Roots

C*"=)<$-#(9*#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"=

'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5 666666666666667)8# ' ¹ 5

'"< '¢/0#1#2¢/#13¢#4#5 666666666666667))8# < ¹ 5

7)8 G+#*"$#-**(#)=#3*..*"#(,$":
7'2¢#A#'¢28#723¢#A#2¢38#4#73'¢#A#3¢'80
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\6. Quadratic Equations (Th + Ex.).p65
7))8 G+#(9*#-**(=#'-$#3*..*"#(,$":

' 2 3
= =
' ' 2' 3'
2
l Condition that ax + bx + c = 0, is Factorizable into two Linear Factors

W,$"#@# ³ #5:#(,$"#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5#)=#+'3(*-)z'2>$#)"(*#(9*#>)"$'-#+'3(*-=6
)6$6:#'/0#1#2/#1#3#Þ#7/#A#'8#7/#A#28#4#5:#9,$-$#a#'"<#b#'-$#(,$#-**(=#*+#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"6

n Formation of a Quadratic Equation

H$(#a, b#2$#(,$#(9*#-**(=#(,$"#9$#3'"#+*-.#'#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#'=#+*>>>*9=

/0#A#7=&.#*+#-**(=8#/#1#7I-*<&3(#*+#-**(=8#4#5
)6$6: /0#A#7a + b8#/#17ab8#4#5

*- 7/#A#a8#7/#A#b8#4#5
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 Mathematics
n Formation of a New Quadratic Equation by Changing the roots of a given
Quadratic Equation
H$(#a, b#2$#(,$#-**(=#*+#'#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5:#(,$"#9$#3'"#+*-.#'#"$9#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#'=
I$-#(,$#+*>>*9)"D#-&>$=6
l !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$#I#.*-$#(,'"#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5#7)6$6:#(,$#-**(=#'-$
a#1#I #'"<#b + I86
?,$#-$%&)-$<#$%&'()*"#)=
'7/#A#I80#1#27/#A#I8#1#3#4#5
l !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$#>$==#2F#I#(,'"#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5:#7)6$6:#(,$#-**(=
'-$#a#A#I#'"<#b A#I8
?,$#-$%&)-$<#$%&'()*"#)=
'7/#1#I80#1#27/#1#I8#1#3#4#5
l !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$#I#().$=#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#57)6$6:#(,$#-**(=#'-$

a b
'"< 8#?,$#-$%&)-$<#$%&'()*"#)=#'7I/80127I/81345
I I

l !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$#(,$#-$3)I-*3'>#*+#(,$#-**(=#*+#$%&'()*"#'/012/1345#7)6$6#(,$#-**(=#'-$

0
O O æOö æOö
'"< 86#?,$#-$%&)-$<#$%&'()*"#)=# 'ç ÷ + 2ç ÷ + 3 = 5
a b /
è ø è/ø

Þ 3/0#1#2/#1#'#4#5
l !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$#O/I#().$=#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5#7)6$6:#(,$#-**(=#'-$
O/a#'"<#O/b86

0
æ/ö æ/ö
?,$#-$%&)-$<#$%&'()*"#)=# ' ç ÷ + " ç ÷ + 3 = 5
èIø èIø

l !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$#(,$#"$D'()E$#*+#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5#7)6$6:#(,$#-**(=
'-$#Aa#'"<#Ab8
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\6. Quadratic Equations (Th + Ex.).p65

?,$#-$%&)-$<#$%&'()*"#)=#'7A/80#1#27A/8#1#3#4#5

Þ '/0 A 2/ 1 3 4 5

l !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$#(,$#=%&'-$#*+#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/ 0#1#2/#1#3#4#5#7)6$6:#(,$#-**(=#'-$
a0#'"<#b08

?,$#-$%&)-$<#$%&'()*"#)=# '7 / 80 + 27 / 8 + 3 = 5

Þ '/ + 2 / + 3 = 5

l !#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$#(,$#3&2$=#*+#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5#7)6$6:#(,$#-**(=#'-$
a3#'"<#b38
?,$#-$%&)-$<#$%&'()*"#)=#'7/O/380#1#27/O/38#1#3#4#5
Þ '/0/3#1#2/O/3#1#3#4#5

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Class X

n Maximum or Minimum value of a Quadratic Equation

A2
!(#/#4# #9$#D$(#(,$#.'/).&.#*-#.)").&.#E'>&$#*+#(,$#%&'<-'()3#$/I-$==)*"6
0'

B'3 - 20
} W,$"#'#J#5#7)"#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#38#(,$#$/I-$==)*"#D)E$=#.)").&.#E'>&$:# F =
B'

B'3 - 20
} W,$"#'#K#5#7)"#(,$#$%&'()*"#'/0#12/#138#(,$#$/I-$==)*"#D)E$=#.'/).&.#E'>&$:# F = 6
B'

n Sign of Quadratic Expression ax2 + bx + c

l G+#a, b#'-$#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#3*--$=I*"<)"D#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*":#(,$"#+*-#/#4#a#'"<#/#4#b:#(,$#E'>&$#*+#(,$
$/I-$==)*"#)=#$%&'>#(*#z$-*6#)6$6:#+7/8#4#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#56
l B&(#+*-#*(,$-#-$'>#E'>&$=#*+#/#7)6$6:#$/3$I(#a#'"<#b8#(,$#$/I-$==)*"#)=#$)(,$-#>$==#(,'"#z$-*#*-#D-$'($-#(,'"#z$-*:
)6$6:#+7/8#K#5#*-#+7/8#J#56
l B&(#+*-#*(,$-#-$'>#E'>&$=#*+#/#7)6$6:#$/3$I(#a#'"<#b8#(,$#$/I-$==)*"#)=#$)(,$-#>$==#(,'"#z$-*#*-#D-$'($-#(,'"#z$-*:
)6$6:#+#7/8#K#5#*-#+#7/8#K#56
l ?,&=#(,$#=)D"#*+#'/0#1#2/#1#3:#/# Î #;:#)=#<$($-.)"$<#2F#(,$#+*>>*9)"D#-&>$=:
} G+#@#K#5#)6$6:#a#'"<#b#'-$#).'D)"'-F:#(,$"
'/0#1#2/#1#3#J#5:#)+#'#J#5
'"< '/0#1#2/#1#3#K#5:#)+#'#K#5
} G+#@#4#5#)6$6:#a#'"<#b#'-$#-$'>#'"<#$%&'>:#(,$"

'/0#1#2/#1#3# ³ 5:#)+#'#J#5

'"< '/0#1#2/#1#3# £ 5:#)+#'#K#5

} G+#@#J#5#)6$6:#a#'"<#b#'-$#-$'>#&"$%&'>#7a < b8:#(,$"#(,$#=)D"#*+#(,$#$/I-$==)*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3:#/# Î #;#)=
<$($-.)"$<#'=#+*>>*9=#:

S)D"#)=#='.$#'= S)D"#)=#*II*=)($ S)D"#)=#='.$

(,'(#*+#' (*#(,'(#*+#' '=#(,'(#*+#'
a b
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\6. Quadratic Equations (Th + Ex.).p65

n Relation between roots and coefficients

l L*-#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5:#,'E)"D#(,$#-**(=#a#'"<#b:#(,$"

-2 3
a +b = '"< ab =
' '
l L*-#3&2)3#$%&'()*"#'/3#1#2/0#1#3/#1#<#4#5:#,'E)"D#-**(=#a, b#'"<#g:#(,$"

A2 3 3
a1b1g4 : ab + bg + ga = 7AO80 =
' ' '

< -<
'"< abg = 7 -O83 =
' '

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 Mathematics

QUADRATIC EQUATIONS EXERCISE

1. G+#(,$#-**(=:#/O#'"<#/0:#*+#(,$#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"
9. S*>E$#:# 0/ + 9 #1#/#4#O3#:
/0#A0/#1#3#4#5#'>=*#='()=+F#(,$#$%&'()*"#7/ 0#A#B/O
4#B7:#(,$"#9,)3,#*+#(,$#+*>>*9)"D#)=#(-&$#? 7O8#B:#O6 708#8:#05

7O8#3#4#AO5 708#/O#4#5:#/0#4#3 738#0:#8 7B8#N*"$#*+#(,$=$

738#/O#4#B65:#/0#4#A#065 7B8#N*"$#*+#(,$=$ 10. S*>E$#:# 0/ + 9 #A# / A B #4#3

2. ?,$# )"($D-'># E'>&$=# *+# k# +*-# 9,)3,# (,$# $%&'()*"
7O8#B:#O6 708#8:#05 738#0:#8 7B8#N*"$
7k#A#08#/0#1#8/#1#k#1#B#4#5#,'=#2*(,#(,$#-**(=#-$'>:
<)=()"3(#'"<#"$D'()E$#)=#: é Où é Où
11. S*>E$#+*-#/#:#0 ê /0 + 0 ú A 9 ê / + ú #1#OB#4#5#:
7O8#5 708#0 738#3 7B8#A#B ë / û ë /û
/ - 2/ . - O
0

3. G+#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"# = # '-$ O O O
'/ - 3 . + O
7O8# :#O:#0 708#0:#B:# 738# :#B:#O 7B8#N*"$
$%&'>#'"<#*+#*II*=)($#=)D":#(,$"#(,$#E'>&$#*+#.#9)>> 0 3 3
2$#:
12. S*>E$#+*-#/#:# /0 + / A 6 A / + 0 #4# /0 A 7/ + O5:
'-2 2-' '+2 2+'
7O8# 708# 738# 7B8# /#Î#;#:
'+2 '+2 'A2 2A'

4. G+#a, b#'-$#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"#/0#1#0/#1#B#4#5: O5
7O8#0:#6: A 708#0:#6
3
O O
(,$"# 3
+ 3 #)=#$%&'>#(*#: 738#A0:#A6 7B8#N*"$#*+#(,$=$
a b
13. ?,$# "&.2$-# *+# -$'># =*>&()*"=# *+
O O
O O O /#A# 0 =0A 0 #)=#:
7O8#A# 708# 738#30 7B8# / -B / -B
0 B 30
7O8#5 708#O 738#0 7B8#G"+)")($
5. G+# a, b# '-$# (,$# -**( =# *+# (, $# $%&'()*"
/0#1#7/#1#O0#4#5:#(,$"#(,$#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(= 14. ?,$#$%&'()*"# / + O A / - O = B/ - O ,'=#:
'-$#7a + b80#'"<#7a A b80#)=#: 7O8#N*#=*>&()*"
7O8#/0#1#55/#1#B9#4#5 708#/0#A#55/#1#B9#4#5 708#O"$#=*>&()*"
738#/0#A#55/#A#B9#4#5 7B8#/0#1#O0/#1#7#4#5 738#?9*#=*>&()*"=
6. ?,$# E'>&$#*+# k# 7k# J# 58# +*-# 9,)3,# (,$# $%&'()*"= 7B8#M*-$#(,'"#(9*#=*>&()*"=
/0#1#k/#1#6B#4#5#'"<#/0#A#8/#1#k#4#5#2*(,#9)>>
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\6. Quadratic Equations (Th + Ex.).p65

15. ?,$# "&.2$-# *+# -$'># -**(=# *+# (,$# $%&'()*"

,'E$#-$'>#-**(=#)=#: 7/#A#O80#1#7/#A#080#1#7/#A#380#4#5#:
7O8#8 708#O6 738#A#6B 7B8#N*"$
7O8#5 708#0 738#3 7B8#6
7. G+# a, b# '-$# -**(=# *+# (,$# %&'<-'()3# $%&'()*"
16. G+#(,$#$%&'()*"#73/80#1#707#×#3O/k#A#O58#/#1#B#4#5#,'=
/0#1#2/#A#3#4#5:#(,$"#(,$#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$ $%&'>#-**(=:#(,$"#k#4
2#'"<#3#)=
7O8#/0#1#a/#A#b#4#5 O O
7O8#A#0 708# A 738# 7B8#5
0 0
708#/0#A#[7a + b8#1#ab]#/#A#ab#7a + b8#4#5
738#/0#1#7ab + a + b8#/#1#ab#7a + b8#4#5 17. C%&'()*"#'/0#1#0/#1#O#,'=#*"$#<*&2>$#-**(#)+#:
7B8#/0#1#7ab + a + b8#/#A#ab#7a + b8#4#5 7O8#'#4#5 708#'#4#A#O 738#'#4#O 7B8#'#4#0
8. S*>E$#+*-#/#:#/6#A#06/3#A#07#4#5 18. S*>E$#+*-#/#:#7/#1#08#7/#A#58#7/#A#68#7/#1#O8#4#OBB
7O8#A#O:#3 708#O:#3 7O8#AO:#A0:#A3 708#7:#A#3:#0
738#O:#A#3 7B8#AO:#A3 738#0:#A#3:#5 7B8#N*"$#*+#(,$=$

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Class X
19. W,'(#<*$=#(,$#+*>>*9)"D#D-'I,#-$I-$=$"(? 26. G+#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#%&'<-'()3#$%&'()*"#'/0#1#2/#1#3
4#5#'-$#).'D)"'-F#(,$"#+*-#'>>#E'>&$=#*+#':#2:#3#'"<
F /#Î#;:#(,$#$/I-$==)*"#'0/0#1#'2/#1#'3#)=
7O8#P*=)()E$
708#N*"N"$D'()E$
/
O 738#N$D'()E$
7B8#M'F#2$#I*=)()E$:#z$-*#*-#"$D'()E$

7O8 Q&'<-'()3#I*>F"*.)'>#,'=#M&=(#*"$#-**(6 27. ?,$#E'>&$#*+#k:#=*#(,'(#(,$#$%&'()*"=#0/0#1#k/#A#5#4#5

'"<#/0#A#3/#A#B#4#5#,'E$#*"$#-**(#)"#3*..*"#)=#:
708 Q&'<-'()3#I*>F"*.)'>#,'=#$%&'>#-**(=6
738 Q&'<-'()3#I*>F"*.)'>#,'=#"*#-**(6 07
7O8#A#0:#A#3 708#A#3:# A
7B8#Q&'<-'()3#I*>F"*.)'>#,'=#$%&'>#-**(=#'"<#3*"N B
=('"(#($-.#)=#"*"Nz$-*6 738#A#5:#A#6 7B8#N*"$#*+#(,$=$
20. C*"=)<$-#'#I*>F"*.)'>#'/0#1#2/#1#3#=&3,#(,'(#z$-* 28. G+#(,$#$/I-$==)*"#/0#A#OO/#1#'#'"<#/0#A#OB/#1#0'
)=#*"$#*+#)('=#-**(=#(,$" .&=(#,'E$#'#3*..*"#+'3(*-#'"<#'#¹#5:#(,$"#(,$
A2 3*..*"#+'3(*-#)=#:
7O8#3#4#5:#/#4# #='()=+)$=#(,$#I*>F"*.)'>#$%&'()*"
' 7O8#7/#A#38 708#7/#A#68 738#7/#A#88 7B8#N*"$
A'
708#3#¹#5:#/#4# #='()=+)$=#(,$#I*>F"*.)'>#$%&'()*" 29. ?,$#E'>&$#*+#.#+*-#9,)3,#*"$#*+#(,$#-**(=#*+
2
/ 0#A#3/#1#0.#4#5#)=#<*&2>$#*+#*"$#*+#(,$#-**(=
A2
738#/#4# #='()=+)$=#(,$#I*>F"*.)'>#$%&'()*"6 *+#/0#A#/#1#.#4#5#)=#:
'
7B8#P*>F"*.)'>#,'=#$%&'>#-**(=6 7O8#5:#0 708#5:#A#0 738#0:#A#0 7B8#N*"$
21. C*"=)<$-#'#%&'<-'()3#I*>F"*.)'>#+7/8#4'# /0#A#/#1#3#=&3, 30. G+#(,$#$%&'()*"=#/0#1#2/#1#3#4#5#'"<#/0#1#3/#1#2#4#5:
(,'(#'3#J#O#'"<#)('=#D-'I,#>)$=#2$>*9#/N'/)=#(,$": 72#¹#38#,'E$#'#3*..*"#-**(#(,$"#:
7O8#'#K#5:#3#J#5 708#'#K#5:#3#K#5 7O8#2#1#3#4#5 708#2#1#3#4#O
738#'#J#5:#3#J#5 7B8#'#J#5:#3#K#5 738#2#1#3#1#O#4#5 7B8#N*"$#*+#(,$=$
22. G+# a,b# '-$# (,$# -**(=# *+# '# %&'<-'()3# $%&'()*" 31. G+#2*(,#(,$#-**(=#*+#(,$#$%&'()*"=
/0#A#3/#1#5#4#5#(,$"#(,$#$%&'()*"#9,*=$#-**(=#'-$ k76/0#1#38#1#-/#1#0/0#A#O#4#5#'"<
7a0#A#3a#1#78#'"<#7b0#A#3b#1#78#)=#: 6k#70/0#1#O8#1#I/#1#B/0#A#0#4#5#'-$#3*..*":
7O8#/0#1#B/#1#O#4#5 708#/0#A#B/#1#B#4#5 (,$"#0-#A#I#)=#$%&'>#(*#:
738#/0#A#B/#A#O#4#5 7B8#/0#1#0/#1#3#4#5 7O8#O 708#A#O Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\6. Quadratic Equations (Th + Ex.).p65

23. ?,$#$/I-$==)*"#'0/0#1#2/#1#O#9)>>#2$#I*=)()E$#+*- 738#0 7B8#5

'>>#/#Î#;#)+#: 32. G+#/0#A#'/#A#0O#4#5#'"<#/0#A#3'/#1#35#4#5#;#'#J#5
7O8#20#J#B'0 708#20#K#B'0 ,'E$#'#3*..*"#-**(:#(,$"#'#)=#$%&'>#(*#:
738#B20#J#'0 7B8#B20#K#'0 7O8#O 708#0
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\6. Quadratic Equations (Th + Ex.).p65

AN!WER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 1 3 O 0 0 0 3 O 0 0 O 0 O O O
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 0 3 0 B O 0 0 0 3 B O 0 3 0 3
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Ans. B 3 3 0 O O 3 B B 3 O B 0 3 3
Que. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
Ans. 0 3 3 0 3 O 3 0 0 2
68

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 Mathematics

7. ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION
n Sequence, series & progression
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 Mathematics
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71

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Class X

ARITHMETIC PROGRESSION EXERCISE

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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\7. Arithmatic progression.p65

8. 67$"' "0$,/"+1" 07$"#$%&$'($"=?"G?" ;;?"=0?">=?

07

5555555555555")#":- ' '

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 Mathematics
* ' + 2' 29. 67$"#&/"+1">,-"*'-";G07"$4$/$'0#"+1"*'"*,)07/$0)(
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Class X
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\7. Arithmatic progression.p65

AN/WER& KEY
Q+". 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A,%. > 4 = 4 = > ; = ;?=?>?4 ;?> = 4 > 4 > = ; = ; 4
Q+". 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
A,%. = > > ; > > ;?=?> > > > = = = ; > > ; > = >
Q+". 41 42 43 44 45
A,%. = > > ; 3
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 Mathematics

8. CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY
n Co-ordinate geometry
!"#$%&'()$*+*,-%./'%0#(*.*#,%#1%2%0#*,.%*,%2%032,'4%./'%+$2,)/%#1%52./'52.*)(%6/*)/%*(%7('&%*(%8,#6,%2(%)#9#$&*,2.'
-'#5'.$:4%*,;',.'&%+:%<','%='()2$.'(!
n Cartesian plane
>/'%/#$*?#,.23%,75+'$%3*,'%*(%)233'&%./'%@92@*(%2,&%./'%;'$.*)23%,75+'$%3*,'%*(%)233'&%:92@*(A%>/'%0#*,.%B4%6/'$'
./'('%3*,'(%*,.'$(').4%*(%)233'&%./'%#$*-*,%C./'%?'$#%0#*,.DA
l !"#$"$#%&'("
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2,&%:%2.%./'%(')#,&%032)'A
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l ./'#"'0ts
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:

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@O @
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:O
l Co-o"#(0't$%of%'%&o(0t%)o"%c'"t$s('0%coo"#(0't$s-
B,%2%-$20/%020'$4%3'.%POBP%2,&%QOBQ%+'%./'%)##$&*,2.'%2@'(A%L'.%P%+'%2%0#*,.%#,%./*(%-$20/%020'$A
:
L'.%P%+'%2.%2%&*(.2,)'%#1%C*D%@%7,*.(%1$#5%./'%:92@*(A%C**D%:%7,*.(%1$#5%./'%@92@*(A% :92@*(
F 2+()*((2 PC24+D
>/',4%6'%(2:%./2.%./'%)##$&*,2.'(%#1%P%2$'%C@4%:DA
+ B$&*,2.'
@%*(%)233'&%./'%@9)##$&*,2.'%#$%2+()*((2%#1%P @92@*(
@O @
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C@4%:D%*(%23(#%)233'&%./'%)2$.'(*2,%)##$&*,2.'(%#1%./'%0#*,.%P
:O
n Distance formula
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\8. Co-ordinate geometry.p65

l >/'% &*(.2,)'% +'.6'',% .6#% 0#*,.(% C@1 4 %:1 D %2,& %C@2 4 %:2D% *,% 2% $').2,-732$% )##$&*,2.'% (:(.'5% *(% 'G723% .#
C@2 M @1 D2 K C:2 M :1 D2 A
Q

C:2D= QC@24:2D

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C:1DC <

PO P
B E B
C@1D C@2D
QO
l D(st'0c$%of%'%&o(0t%f"om%o"(g(0
>/'%&*(.2,)'%#1%2%0#*,.%C@4%:D%1$#5%#$*-*,%*( % @ 2 K : 2 A

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Class X

n Section formula

l C##$&*,2.'(%#1%./'%0#*,.4%&*;*&*,-%./'%3*,'9('-5',.%j#*,*,-%./'%0#*,.(%C@14%:1D%2,&%C@24%:2D%*,.'$,233:%*,%./'%$2.*#
æ 51 @2 K 52 @1 51 :2 K 52 :1 ö
51%:%52%2$'%-*;',%+:% ç 5 K 5 4 ÷
è 1 2 51 K 52 ø

l >/'%)#9#$&*,2.'(%#1%./'%0#*,.%6/*)/%&*;*&'(%./'%3*,'%('-5',.%j#*,*,-%./'%0#*,.(%C@14%:1D%2,&%C@24%:2D%'@.'$,233:%*,

é 5@ 2 M ,@1 5: 2 M ,:1 ù
./'%$2.*#%5%:%,%2$'% ê 4
ë 5M, 5 M , úû

n Mid-point formula

æ @1 + @ 2 :1 + :2 ö
C##$&*,2.'(%#1%./'%5*&90#*,.%#1%./'%3*,'9('-5',.%j#*,*,-%C@14%:1D%2,&%C@24%:2D%2$'% ç 4 ÷A
è 2 2 ø

n Collinearity of three points

>/$''%-*;',%0#*,.(%EC@14%:1D4%BC@24%:2D4%CC@34%:3D%2$'%(2*&%.#%+'%)#33*,'2$%*1%#,'%#1%./'5%57(.%&*;*&'%./'%3*,'
('-5',.%j#*,*,-%./'%#./'$%.6#%0#*,.(%*,%./'%(25'%$2.*#A
BC@24 %:2D
8%:%1
CC@34%: 3D

EC@14%:1D
"*-A8

R$m'"k%:%>/$''%0#*,.(%2$'%)233'&%,#,9)#33*,'2$%*1%#,'%#1%./'5%&*;*&'(%./'%3*,'%('-5',.%j#*,*,-%./'%#./'$%.6#
0#*,.(%*,%&*11'$',.%$2.*#(A
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\8. Co-ordinate geometry.p65

n Centroid of a triangle
>/'%0#*,.%#1%*,.'$(').*#,%#1%./'%5'&*2,(%#1%2%.$*2,-3'%*(%)233'&%*.(%)',.$#*&A

æ @1 + @ 2 + @ 3 : 1 + : 2 + : 3 ö
\ ./'%)##$&*,2.'(%#1%G%2$'%G ç 4 ÷
è 3 3 ø
EC@14:1D

M%G

1
C@24:2DB CC@34:3D
=
@%2 K%@%%%
3 :%2 K%: 3
——— ———
2 2

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 Mathematics

n Area of a triangle
1
E$'2 #1 DEBC = |@1 C: 2 - : 3 D + @2 C: 3 - :1 D + @ 3 C:1 - : 2 D|
2
: EC@14: 1D

B CC@34:3D
C@24: 2D

@
B P Q <

n Condition of collinearity of three points

>/'%-*;',%0#*,.(%EC@14%:1D4%BC@24%:2D%2,&%CC@34%:3D%6*33%+'%)#33*,'2$%*1%./'%2$'2%#1%./'%.$*2,-3'%1#$5'&%+:%./'5%57(.
+'%?'$#%+')27('%.$*2,-3'%)2,%,#.%+'%1#$5'&A
Þ 2$'2%#1%DEBC%=%%J

1
Þ |@ %C: %M%:3D%K%@2%C:3%M%:1D%K%@3%C:1%M%:2D|%=%J
2 1 2

Þ @1 C:2 - :3 D + @2 C:3 - :1 D + @ 3 C:1 - :2 D = J

*(%./'%$'G7*$'&%)#,&*.*#,%1#$%./$''%0#*,.(%.#%+'%)#33*,'2$A
n Point to remember
l H1%C@14 %:1D4% C@24:2D4% C@34 %:2DAAAAC@,4%:,D %2$' %./' %;'$.*)'( %#1 %2 %0#3:-#, %#1 %, %(*&'(4 %*.( %2$'2

1
=% C@1 :2 M @ 2 :1 D K C@ 2 : 3 M @ 3 :2 D KC@3 : 4 M @ 4 : 3 D K AAK C@ , :1AAA@1 : ,
2

l H,%2%$*-/.%2,-3'&%.$*2,-3'4%./'%)*$)75)',.$'%*(%./'%5*&%0#*,.%#1%/:0#.',7('%2,&%./'%#$./#)',.$'%*(%./'%0#*,.%6/'$'
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@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X
CO-ORDINATE GEOMETRY EXERCISE
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@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics
21. EBC=%*(% 2% $/#5+7(A% H.(% &*2-#,23(% EC% 2,&% B= 31. W/*)/% #1% ./'% 1#33#6*,-% *(% ><UE% $'-2$&*,-% ./'
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79

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X
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 Mathematics

9. TRIGONOMETRY AND ITS APPLICATIONS

Some Important Formulae and Results of Trigonometry
n Trigonometric Ratios 4
& '
!"#$q$%$ ()!*($q$%$
' &

+ '
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n Trigonometric Identities

!"#$@q B$()!$@q %$; ;$B$,-#$@q %$!*(@q ;$B$(),$@q %$()!*(@q

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()!$@q %$;$<$!"#$@q ,-#$@q %$!*($@q <$; (),$@q %$()!*($@q <$;

n Sign of Trigonometric Ratios

!"#$-#.$
400$BC* 4$®$ 400
()!*(BC* D 4 D$®$ !"#E()!*(
,-#$-#.$(), ()!$-#.$!*( 8 5 8$®$ ,-#E(),
BC* BC* 5$®$ ()!E!*(

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Class X
n Values of trigonometrical ratios for particular angles

!%&'e q 30° 45° 60° 90° 120° 135° 150° 180° 270° 360°
Ratio 0° =p/6 =p/4 =p/3 =p/2 =2p/3 =3p/4 =5p/6 =p =3p/2 =2p

1 1 Ö3 Ö3 1 1 0
si% q 0 1 0 –1
2 Ö2 2 2 Ö2 2

1
cos q 1
Ö3 1 1
0 –1 – – Ö3 –1 0 1
2 Ö2 2 2 Ö2 2

ta% q 1 1
0 1 Ö3 %.d –Ö 3 –1 – 0 %.d 0
Ö3 Ö3

cot q 1 1 –1 –Ö3 %.d %.d

%.d 3
ÖA 1 0 – 0
Ö3 Ö3

2 2
sec q 1 Ö2 2 %.d –2 – Ö2 – –1 %.d %.d
Ö3 Ö3

%.d 2 2 Ö2 2 %.d –1 %.d

cosec q 2 Ö2 1
Ö3 Ö3

n Range of Trigonometric Ratios

l <$;$£$!"#$q$£$;$Þ$|!"#$q|$£$;
l <$;$£$()!$q$£$;$Þ$|()!$q|$£$;
l ()!*($q$£$<$;$-#.$()!*($q$³$;$Þ$|()!*($q|$³$;
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l <$¥$<$,-#$q$<$¥$">*>:$,-#$q$m-7$-!2m*$-#7$C-02*

n Geometrical ratios of negative and associated angles

4#g0* <q 390 < q6 390B q6 3;80 < q6 3;80B q6 3A60 < q6 3A60B q6

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()! q ()! q !"# q < !"# q < ()! q < ()! q ()! q ()! q
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n Angles of Elevation
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 Mathematics
n Angle of Depression
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Class X
TRIGONOMETRY AND ITS APPLICATIONS EXERCISE
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 Mathematics
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n Triangles

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 Mathematics
n Congruence of triangles

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Class X
n Theorems related to similar triangles
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n Important Definition
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 Mathematics
n Theorems related to triangles
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Class X
n Results on area of similar triangles
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 Mathematics
n Some useful results
S.N'. S),)$m$-) 0+,.*,m

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Class X
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 Mathematics

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 Mathematics

13. MENSURATION OF SOLID FIGURES

n Volume, curved surface area and total surface area of 3-D figure
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 Mathematics
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Class X
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 Mathematics
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\13_Mensuration of Solid Figures.p65

ANSWER KEY
Que. ! 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 !0 !! !2 !3 !4 !5 !6 !7 !8 !9 20
Ans. 3 A = = = 4 3 4 = 3 = 3 A 4 3 A = 4 = A
Que. 2! 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 3! 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
Ans. 4 = = = A = 3 = A A A A 4 3 A 3 = 4 = A
Que. 4! 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 5! 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
Ans. A 3 3 4 3 A = 4 3 4 3 A = 3 3 3 3 3 A 4

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 Mathematics

14. STATISTICS
n Some Basic Terms
l !"#"$%$ !"#$%&'($()*)$+#),-$.,/&'+)*.&,$.,$*"#$/&'+$&/$,0+#'.1)2$/.30'#-$&'$)$-#*$&/$3.4#,$/)1*-5
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12)--$.-$#<120(#($),($2&%#'$2.+.*$.-$.,120(#(>$.-$1)22#($),$#<120-.4#$/&'+5
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l A*3#hm.#37$m."4
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Class X
l M."4$+9$,4:*+,-.($!"#"
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 Mathematics
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 Mathematics
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 Mathematics
STATISTICS EXERCISE
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25 30 51 25 69
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True limits of the classes
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Class X
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\14. Statistics (Th + Ex.).p65

18. F.,($*"#$+#),$(#4.)*.&,$D)=='&<.+)*#29E$/'&+$*"# :>$;>$:>$C>$C>$?>$6>$C>$:>$7>$8>$65

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 Mathematics
31. K/$*"#$)'.*"+#*.1$+#),$&/$*"#$/&22&%.,3$(.-*'.70*.&, 39. K/$*"#$(.//#'#,1#$&/$+&(#$),($+#(.),$&/$)$()*)$.-
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\14. Statistics (Th + Ex.).p65

5$ 1&'(#($#4#'9()9$/&'$:C;$()9-$),($*"#$.,/&'+)*.&,
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Class X
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\14. Statistics (Th + Ex.).p65

ANSWE&$ KEY

Q,.. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
A41. C 3 4 3 C : C 4 C 3 3 4 3 C : 3 3 3 C 3
Q,.. 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
A41. C : 3 C 3 4 : C C C C : 4 C : 3 3 3 : 3
Q,.. 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
A41. C : C C 4 3 C : 3 C : C 4 3 3 C C : 3 C
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 Mathematics

15. PROBABILITY

n Some basic concepts/terms

l !"#$%&'()*(+,&(#-

!"#$%#&'%$&"$(&#%)(#"*++*,$-.#%,*#/*-0$%$*-&#1

} !%#)'&#2*3(#%)'-#*-(#4*&&$5+(#*6%/*2(&7

} !%#$&#-*%#4*&&$5+(#%*#43(0$/%#%)(#*6%/*2(#83(&6+%9#$-#'0:'-/(7

l ./-0%&(1'2#;)(#4*&&$5+(#3(&6+%&#*"#'#3'-0*2#(<4(3$2(-%#'3(#/'++(0#*6%/*2(&7

l 3+,"l'2#=)(-#'-#(<4(3$2(-%#$&#3(4('%(0#6-0(3#&$2$+'3#/*-0$%$*-&#'-0#$%#0*(&#-*%#.$:(#%)(#&'2(#3(&6+%#('/)#%$2(
56%#2'>#3(&6+%#$-#'->#*-(#*"#%)(#&(:(3'+#4*&&$5+(#*6%/*2(&?#%)(#3(&6+%#$&#/'++(0#'#%3$'+7

l Ev(#-'2#;)(#/*++(/%$*-#*"#'++#*3#&*2(#*6%/*2(&#*"#'#3'-0*2#(<4(3$2(-%#$&#/'++(0#'-#(:(-%7

l El(&(#-"+y'%+'S,&*l('Ev(#-'2'@-#*6%/*2(#*"#'#%3$'+#$&#/'++(0#'-#(+(2(-%'3>#(:(-%7

} @-#(+(2(-%'3>#(:(-%#)'&#*-+>#*-(#(+(2(-%7

l C%&*%/#$'(v(#-'%+'0%&*%1,-('(v(#-'%+'&,)($'(v(#-

@#/*24*6-0#(:(-%#$&#'-#'..3(.'%(#*"#&*2(#&$24+(#8(+(2(-%'3>9#(:(-%#'-0#$&#0(/*24*&'5+(#$-%*#&$24+(#(:(-%&7

E).'!"#,(#%)3*,#'#0$(?#%)(-#%)(#(:(-%#A#*"#.(%%$-.#'-#*00#-625(3#$&#'#/*24*6-0#(:(-%#5(/'6&(#%)(#(:(-%#A
/*-%'$-&#%)3((#(+(2(-%&#B?#C#'-0#D?#,)$/)#$&#'#/*24*6-0#*"#%)3((#&$24+(#(:(-%&#AB?#AE#'-0#AC#/*-%'$-$-.#B?#C
'-0#D#3(&4(/%$:(+>7

l Eq/"lly'l,k(ly'(v(#-1'2#;)(#*6%#/*2(&#*"#'-#(<4(3$2(-%#'3(#&'$0#%*#5(#(F6'++>#+$G(+>#(:(-%&#$"#%)(#/)'-/(&#*"
%)($3#)'44(-$-.&#'3(#-($%)(3#+(&&#-*3#.3('%(3#%)'-#*%)(37

!-#*%)(3#,*30&?#'#.$:(-#-625(3#*"#(:(-%&#'3(#&'$0#%*#5(#(F6'++>#+$G(+>#$"#-*-(#*"#%)(2#$&#(<4(/%(0#%*#*//63#$-
43("(3(-/(#%*#%)(#*%)(3&7

A<7 !-#%*&&$-.#'#/*$-?#.(%%$-.#)('0#8H9#'-0#%'$+#8;9#'3(#(F6'++>#+$G(+>#(:(-%&7

n Experimental (or empirical) probability

;)(#(<4(3$2(-%'+#*3#(24$3$/'+#43*5'5$+$%>#I8A9#*"#'-#(:(-%#$&#0("$-(0#'&
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\15 Probability(Th + Ex.).p65

N625(3 *" %3$'+& $- ,)$/) %)( (:(-% )'44(-(0 2

I8A9#=# #$7(7?#I#8A9#=#
;*%'+ -625(3 *" %3$'+& -

} !"#I8A9#0(-*%(&#%)(#(24$3$/'+#43*5'5$+$%>#"*3#)'44(-$-.#'-#(:(-%#'-0#I (E) #0(-*%(&#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#"*3#-*%

)'44(-$-.#%)(#&'2(#(:(-%#%)(-#I8A9#+#I 8A9 #=#B#'-0#0#<#I8A9#<#B

} S62#*"#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*"#'++#%)(#*6%/*2(&#*"#'#3'-0*2#(<4(3$2(-%#$&#B

} =)(-#'++#%)(#*6%/*2(&#*"#'#3'-0*2#(<4(3$2(-%#"':*63#'-#(:(-%?#%)(#(:(-%#$&#/'++(0#'#&63(#(:(-%#'-0#$%&
(24$3$/'+#43*5'5$+$%>#$&#B7

} =)(-#-*#*6%/*2(#*"#'#3'-0*2#(<4(3$2(-%#"':*63&#'-#(:(-%?#%)(#(:(-%#$&#/'++(0#'-#$24*&&$5+(#(:(-%#'-0
$%&#(24$3$/'+#43*5'5$+$%>#$&#07

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Class X
n Odds in Favour and Odds Against an Event
@&#'#3(&6+%#*"#'-#(<4(3$2(-%?#$"#4#*"#%)(#*6%/*2(&#'3(#"':*63'5+(#%*#'-#(:(-%#A#'-0#F#*"#%)(#*6%/*2(&#'3(
'.'$-&%#$%#%)(-#,(#&'>#%)'%#*00&#'3(#4#%*#F#$-#"':*63##*"#A#*3#*00&#'3(#F#%*#4#'.'$-&%#A7
-625(3 *" "':*63'5+( /'&(& 4
\#O00&#$-#"':*63#*"#'-#(:(-%#A# = -625(3 *" 6-"':*63'5+( /'&(& = F

-625(3 *" 6-"':*63'5+( /'&(& F

'-0#*00&#'.'$-&%#'-#(:(-%#A#=# = -625(3 *" "':*63'5+( /'&(& = 4

4
!"#*00&#$-#"':*63#*"#'-#(:(-%#A#'3(#4#1#F#%)(-#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*"#%)(#*//633(-/(#*"#%)'%#(:(-%#$&#
4+F

F
S$2$+'3+>#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*"#%)(#-*--*//633(-/(#*"#%)'%#(:(-%#$&#
4+F

n Definition
B("*3(#0("$-$-.#43*5'5$+$%>?#,(#26&%#5(#'/F6'$-%(0#,$%)#%)(#2*&%#/*22*-#%(32&#6&(0#$-#$%7
8$9 A:(-%1#;)(#4*&&$5+(#*6%/*2(&#*"#'#3'-0*2#(<4(3$2(-%7
8$$9 V'3$*6&#%>4(#*"#(:(-%&1
8'9 M6%6'++>#A</+6&$:(#A:(-%&1#;,*#*3#2*3(#%)'-#%,*#(:(-%&#'3(#&'$0#%*#5(#26%6'++>#(</+6$&:(?#$"#%)(>
/'--*%#*//63#'%#%)(#&'2(#%$2(7
F*3#(<'24+(?#$-#%*&&$-.#'#/*$-?#%)(#(:(-%&#‘H('0’#'-0#‘;'$+’#'3(#26%6'++>#(</+6&$:(7
859 AF6'++>#L$G(+>#A:(-%&#1#;,*#*3#2*3(#%)'-#%,*#(:(-%&#'3(#&'$0#%*#5(#(F6'++>#+$G(+>#$"#-*-(#*"#%)(#(:(-%&
/'-#*//63#$-#43("(3(-/(#%*#%)(#*%)(37
F*3#(<'24+(?#$-#%)3*,$-.#'#0$/(?#'++#%)(#&$<#"'/(&#'3(#(F6'++>#+$G(+>#(:(-%&7
8/9 A<)'6&%$:(#A:(-%&1#A:(-%&#'3(#&'$0#%*#5(#(<)'6&%$:(#$"#'%+('&%#*-(#*"#%)(2#26&%#-(/(&&'3$+>#*//637
F*3#(<'24+(?#$-#%)3*,$-.#'#0$/(?#%)(#(<)'6&%$:(#(:(-%&#'3(#&$<—B?#E?#C?#4?#D?#*3#67
809 !-0(4(-0(-%#A:(-%&1#A:(-%&#'3(#&'$0#%*#5(#$-0(4(-0(-%#$"#%)(#*//633(-/(#*3#-*--*//633(-/(#*"#*-(
(:(-%#0*(&#-*%#$-"+6(-/(#%)(#*//633(-/(#*3#-*--*//633(-/(#*"#%)(#*%)(3#(:(-%7
F*3#(<'24+(?#$"#'#"'$3#/*$-#$&#%*&&(0#%,$/(?#%)(#(:(-%#‘H('0’#$-#%)(#"$3&%#%*&&#'-0#%)(#(:(-%#‘H('0’#$-#%)(
&(/*-0#%*&&#'3(#$-0(4(-0(-%#&$-/(#%)(#*//633(-/(#*"#‘H('0’#$-#'->#%*&&#0*(&#-*%#$-"+6(-/(#%)(#*//633(-/(
*"#H('0#$-#%)(#*%)(3#%*&&7
8(9 D(4(-0(-%#A:(-%&1#!%#$24+$(&#%)'%#*//633(-/(#*"#*-(#(:(-%#'""(/%&#%)(#*//633(-/(#*"#%)(#*%)(3#(:(-%7
F*3#(<'24+(?#$"#E#/'30&#'3(#03',-#,$%)*6%#3(4+'/(2(-%#"3*2#'#,(++-&)6""+(0#4'/G#*"#/'30?#%)(#(:(-%&#‘@’
85+'/G#/'30#$-#%)(#"$3&%#03',9#'-0#‘B’#85+'/G#/'30#$-#%)(#&(/*-0#03',9#'3(#$-0(4(-0(-%7
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\15 Probability(Th + Ex.).p65

n Classical Definition of Probability

!"#‘%’#$&#%)(#%*%'+#-625(3#*"#(F6'++>#+$G(+>#'-0#(<)'6&%$:(#4*&&$5+(#*6%/*2(&#$-#'#3'-0*2#(<4(3$2(-%#'-0#*6%#*"
%)(&(#*6%/*2(&#'#$&#%)(#-625(3#*"#*6%/*2(&#"':*63'5+(#%*#(:(-%#@?#%)(-#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*"#(:(-%

'
@#=#48@9#=#
;

-*7 *" /*25$-'%$*- / '33'-.(2(-% "':*63'5+( %* (:(-%

=#
-*7 *" /*25$-'%$*- / '33'-.(2(-% ':'$+'5+( 84*&&$5+(9

N*7 *" "':*63'5+( *6%/*2( "*3 (:(-%

=#
N*7 *" *6%/*2( 8%*%'+9

;)(3("*3(?

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 Mathematics

43*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#(:(-%#@#,$++#-*%#*//63#=#4 @ = B - '
( ) ;

!-#*%)(3#,*30&?#$"#‘4’#$&#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*"#%)(#)'44(-$-.#*"#'-#(:(-%?#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*"#$%&#-*%#)'44(-$-.#$&#B#–#4

n Notations
S*2(#*"#%)(#-'%'%$*-&#6&(0#$-#&*+:$-.#'#43*5+(2#*-#I3*5'5$+$%>#'3(#'&#"*++*,&1

I#8'->#(:(-%9 Þ#I3*5'5$+$%>#*"#*//633(-/(#*"#'->#(:(-%#'&#0(&$3(0

I#8@9 Þ#I3*5'5$+$%>#*"#*//633(-/(#*"#(:(-%#@

I# 8@9 Þ#I3*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#(:(-%#@#"'$+&#%*#*//63

I8@#+#B9 Þ#I3*5'5$+$%>#*"#*//633(-/(#*"#'%+('&%#*-(#*"#%)(#(:(-%&#@#'-0#B#8$7(7#($%)(3#@#*3#B#*3#5*%)#,$++#*//639

I#8@B9 Þ#I3*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#5*%)#@#'-0#B#*//63#%*.(%)(3

I# 8@B9 Þ#I3*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#(:(-%#@#*//63&#56%#(:(-%#B#0*(&#-*%#*//63

I8@/B9 Þ#I3*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#(:(-%#@#*//63&?#$"#(:(-%#B#)'&#'+3('0>#*//633(07#;)$&#$&#/'++(0'$(*(#$(#-
8*3#/*-0$%$*-'+9#*+%b"b,l,-y.

n Formula on Probability
M/-/"lly'E)0l/1,v('Ev(#-1

!"#%)(3(#'3(#%,*#*3#2*3(#%)'-#%,*#26%6'++>#(</+6&$:(#(:(-%&?#%)(-#*-+>#*-(#(:(-%#,$++#*//63#'%#'#%$2(7

;)(#43*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#*-+>#*-(#(:(-%#*//63&#*6%#*"#%)(#.$:(-#%,*#*3#2*3(#%)'-#%,*#26%6'++>#(</+6&$:(#(:(-%&#$&#%)(
&62#*"#%)(#&(4'3'%(#43*5'5$+$%$(&#*"#('/)#*"#%)(#.$:(-#(:(-%&7

I#8'->#*-(9#= IB#+#IE#+#77777#+#I-

,)(3( IB?#IE#777777#I-#'3(#%)(#&(4'3'%(#43*5'5$+$%$(&#*"#('/)#*"#%)(#.$:(-#‘-’#26%6'++>#(</+6&$:(#(:(-%7

S*#"*3#'->#%,*#(:(-%&#@#'-0#B?

I#8'->#*-(#*6%#*"#@#'-0#B#*//63&9#=#I8@9#+#I8B9
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\15 Probability(Th + Ex.).p65

=#I#8@#+#B9

S$2$+'3+>?#43*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#-*-(#*"#%)(#‘-’#26%6'++>#(</+6&$:(#(:(-%&#*//63#$&#.$:(-#5>

I8-*-(9#=#B#–#I#8'->#*-(9#=#B#–#[IB#+#IE#7777777#+#I-]

F*3#'->#%,*#(:(-%&#@#'-0#B?

I8-($%)(3#@#-*3#B#*//63&9#=#I#8-*-(9

=#B#–#I#8@#+#B9

=#B#–#[I8@9#+#I8B9]

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Class X
n Independent Events
!"#%)(3(#'3(#%,*#*3#2*3(#%)'-#%,*#$-0(4(-0(-%#(:(-%&?#%)(-#'->#*"#%)(#(:(-%&#/'-#*//63#'%#'->#%$2(#$-0(4(-0-
(-%+>7#;)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*"#('/)#*"#%)(#.$:(-#(:(-%&7

I8'++9#=#IB#×#IE#×#IC#7777#×#I-

=)(3(#IB?#IE?#777777#I-#'3(#%)(#&(4'3'%(#43*5'5$+$%$(&#*"#('/)#*"#%)(#.$:(-#‘-’#$-0(4(-0(-%#(:(-%&7

F*3#'->#%,*#(:(-%&#@#'-0#B?

I#85*%)#@#'-0#B#*//63&9#=#I#8@9#7#I#8B9

S$2$+'3+>?#43*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#-*-(#*"#%)(#‘-’#$-0(4(-0(-%#(:(-%&#*//63#$&#.$:(-#5>?

I#8-*-(9#=# IB ´ IE ´ IC ´ 7777 ´ I-

,)(3(?# IB ? IE ?77777I- #'3(#%)(#43*5'5$+$%$(&#%)'%#('/)#*"#%)(#.$:(-#‘-’#$-0(4(-0(-%#(:(-%&#,$++#-*%#*//6377

F*3#'->#%,*#(:(-%&#@#'-0#B?

I#8-($%)(3#@#-*3#B#*//63&9#=#I#8-*-(9#=#I8@9?#I8B9

N*,?#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#'%+('&%#*-(#*6%#*"#%)(#.$:(-#‘-’#$-0(4(-0(-%#(:(-%&#*//63#$&#.$:(-#5>

I8'%+('&%#*-(9#=#B#–#I#8-*-(9

(
=#B#–# IB ´ IE ´ 77777I- )
F*3#'->#%,*#(:(-%&#@#'-0#B?

I#8'+%('&%#*-(#(:(-%#*//63&9#=#B#–## [I 8 @9 ´ I 8B 9]

N*-(1#I# 8 @ 9 #=#B#I#8@9?#"*3#'->#(:(-%#@

n Dependent Event (or Conditional Events)

!"#@#'-0#B#'3(#%,*#0(4(-0(-%#(:(-%&?#%)(-
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\15 Probability(Th + Ex.).p65

B7 I#85*%)#*//639#=#I8@B9#=#I8@97#I8B/@9

=#8I3*57#*"#@97#8D(4(-0(-%#43*57#*"#B?#.$:(-#%)'%#@#)'&#*//633(09

=#I8B9#7#I8@/B9

=#8I3*57#*"#B9#7#8D(4(-0(-%#43*57#*"#@?#.$:(-#%)'%#B#)'&#*//633(09

E7 I#8-*-(9 =# I 8 @7B 9 = I 8 @ 97I 8B / @ 9 = I 8 B 97I 8 @ / B 9

C7 I#8-*-(9 =# I 8 @B 9 #=#B#–#I#8@B9
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 Mathematics
PROBABILITY EXERCISE
1. ;)(#(:(-%&#@#'-0#B#'3(#26%6'++>#(</+6&$:(?#&* 9. ;,*#0$/(#'3(#%)3*,-#&$26+%'-(*6&+>7#=)'%#$&#%)(
8B9#I3*5#8@#*3#B9#=#I3*5#8@9#+#I3*5#8B9 43*5'5$+$%>#*"#.(%%$-.#'#-625(3#*%)(3#%)'-#4#*-#'->
0$/(#?
8E9#I3*5#8@#'-0#B9#=#I3*5#8@9#×#I3*5#8B9
8C9#I3*5#8@9#=#I3*5#8B9 ED B B7 E
8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849#
849#I3*5#8@9#+#I3*5#8B9#=#B C6 C C6 C
2. @#5*<#/*-%'$-&#C#>(++*,?#E#3(0?#4#.3((-#'-0#C#5+'/G 10. !-#'#&$-.+(#%)3*,#,$%)#%,*#0$/(?#"$-0#%)(#43*5'5$+%>
2'35+(&7#;,*#2'35+(&#'3(#%'G(-#*-(#'"%(3#%)(#*%)(3 *"#%)3*,-$-.#'-#(:(-#-625(3#*-#*-(#'-0#'#26+%$-
'%#3'-0*2#"3*2#%)(#5*<7#=)'%#$&#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#%)'% 4+(#*"#C#*-#%)(#*%)(37
5*%)#2'35+(&#'3(#3(0#?
B D BB D
B B B E 8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849#
8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849# 6 C6 C6 6
D0 60 66 D7
11. ;,*#0$/(#'3(#%)3*,-#'%#'#%$2(7#F$-0#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>
3. =)'%#$&#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#'#%,*#0$.$%#-625(3#&(- %)'%#%)(#0$""(3(-/(#*"#-625(3&#&)*,-#*-#%)(#0$/(#$&#E7
+(/%(0#'%#3'-0*2#,$++#5(#'#26+%$4+(#*"#‘C’#'-0#-*%#'
26+%$4+(*"#‘D’#? BC B9 BB 8
8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849#
C6 C6 C6 C6
E 4 B 4
8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849# 12. @-#'-%$#'$3/3'"%#.6-#/'-#"$3(#"*63#&)*%&#'%#'#%$2(7#!"
BD BD BD 90
%)(#43*5'5$+$%$(&#*"#%)(#"$3&%?#&(/*-0?#%)$30#'-0#%)(
4. =)$/)#*"#%)(#"*++*,$-.#/'--*%#5(#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*" +'&%#&)*%#)$%%$-.#%)(#(-(2>#'$3/3'"%#'3(#077?#076?#07D
'-#(:(-%#? '-0#074?#,)'%#$&#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#"*63#&)*%&#'$2(0
B '%#'-#(-(2>#'$3/3'"%#,$++#53$-.#%)(#'$3/3'"%#0*,-#?
8B9# 8E9#E0% 8C9#B7E 849#07C
4 8B9#07084 8E9#079B6 8C9#070C6 849#07964

5. !-#'#&$-.+(#%)3*,#*"#'#0$(?#"$-0#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*" 13. @#-625(3#$&#&(+(/%(0#'%#3'-0*2#"3*2#"$3&%#%)$3%>

.(%%$-.#'#/*24*&$%(#-625(37 -'%63'+#-625(3&7#=)'%#$&#%)(#/)'-/(#%)'%#$%#$&#'
26+%$4+(#*"#($%)(3#C#*3#BC#?
B B B B
8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849# B7 E BB 4
D E C 4 8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849#
C0 D C0 BD
6. !-#'#&$26+%'-(*6&#%)3*,#*"#'#4'$3#*"#0$/(?#"$-0#%)(
43*5'5$+$%>#*"#.(%%$-.#(F6'+#-625(3&7 14. @#2'-#/'-#)$%#'#%'3.(%#*-/(#$-#4#&)*%&7#!"#)(#"$3(&#4
&)*%&#$-#&6//(&&$*-?#,)'%#$&#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#%)'%#)(
C B B D ,$++#)$%#)$&#%'3.(%#?
8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849#
4 4 6 6
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\15 Probability(Th + Ex.).p65

B 8B B7D
7. !-#'#&$26+%'-(*6&#%)3*,#*"#'#4'$3#*"#0$/(?#"$-0#%)( 8B9#B 8E9# 8C9# 849#
ED6 ED6 ED6
43*5'5$+$%># *"# .(%%$-.#'# &62?# ,)$/)# $&#'# 4(3"(/%
&F6'3(#? 15. ;)3((#-625(3&#'3(#/)*&(-#"3*2#B#%*#87#F$-0#%)(
43*5'5$+$%>#"*3#%)(#C#/)*&(-#-625(3&#%*#5(#/*-&(/6-
BC 7 BB D %$:(7
8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849#
C6 C6 C6 C6
BB C D 9
8. !-#'#&$26+%'-(*6&#%)3*,#*"#'#4'$3#*"#0$/(?#"$-0#%)( 8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849#
B8 E8 E8 E8
43*5'5$+$%>#*"#.(%%$-.#43$2(#-625(3&#*-#5*%)#%)(
"'/(&7 16. =)'%#$&#%)(#43*5'5$+$%>#*"#.(%%$-.#'%#+('&%#*-(#&$<#$-
'#&$-.+(#%)3*,#*"#%)3((#6-5$'&(0#0$/(#?
BB BB B BB
8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849# B BED B 9B
C C6 4 BD
8B9# 8E9# 8C9# 849#
6 EB6 C6 EB6

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Class X
17. ;,*#0$/(#'3(#%)3*,-#&$26+%'-(*6&+>7#;)(#43*5'5$+- 26. @-#63-#/*-%'$-&#9#5'++&#%,*#*"#,)$/)#'3(#3(0?#%)3((
$%>#%)'%#'%+('&%#*-(#,$++#&)*,#$%&#0$.$%#.3('%(3#%)'-#C#$& 5+6(#'-0#"*63#5+'/G7#;)3((#5'++&#'3(#03',-#'%#3'--
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\15 Probability(Th + Ex.).p65

ANSWE!' KEY
Q/(. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
A#1. B C E C C C E C B C 4 4 E 4 E
Q/(. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
A#1. 4 E C E E C E B C 4 1 1 4 B C
Q/(. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
A#1. 4 4 E C C E B B E 3 1 4 3 E E
Q/(. 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55
A#1. C B E E B B 4 C 4 C
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 Mathematics

16. LINES AND ANGLES

n Introduction
l !"#$%&'&!"#$%&'"%(")*#)*(*&'*+",-"."+$'/"0'"1.("&$"+%2*&(%$&("3%4*"3*&5'16",)*.+'1"$)"'1%74&*((/"0'"1.("$&3-
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\16 Lines and Angles (Th + Ex.).p65

$<"!96"(A71"'1.'"!L"M"L9/

! L 9
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9 ! :
l /",0-)%)&.$+-) Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-1\16 Lines and Angles (Th + Ex.).p65

!&" .&53*" ?1%71" %(" *=.7'3-" *qA.3" '$" 360°"%(" 7.33*+" ." 7$2#3*'*" .&53*/
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 Mathematics
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Class X
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 Mathematics
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 Mathematics
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C" $%#,)/0-#+%#0+EE+1/8*#1-0)-'&-1#2*#534#'.1#89-.#2*#C34#89-.#%/.1#89-#.-8#09'.<-#/.#,)/0-#=
S)lu.")(
>-)-#?@53:#*@#C3

\ #.-8#4#09'.<-#/&
æ J53?JC3 ö
@ ç J53JC3B ÷ 4 = -KK4
è !33 ø

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Class X

1.2
é >??.5 ù
!"# $%&A/0&"(-)A,&"0&56&A)2,&.7'(&.7'.&)%&B8&B/0&$(-)A,&"0&l,00&.7'(&.7'.&)%&A&*4& ê ú6
ë >?? = 5 û

é >??.5 ù
!""# $%&A/0&"(-)A,&"0&56&l,00&.7'(&.7'.&)%&B8&B/0&"(-)A,&"0&A)2,&.7'(&.7'.&)%&A&*4& ê ú6
ë >?? - 5 û

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.2
!" $%#L9'/(-.1)'M&#L'(')*#/&#534#E+)-#89'.#89'8#+%#L6)-.1)':#89-.#9+;#E609#,-)0-.8#/&#&'(')*#+%#L6)-.1)'#(-&&#89'.
89'8#+%#L9'/(-.1)'"
S)lu.")(
>-)-#?@53

æ ? ö
\ #N-O6/)-1#P.&;-)@# ç ?!33 ÷ 4
è !33B? ø
53
# # @## # ?!334 = !6"664
!53
5" $%#PM&#/.0+E-#/&#C34#(-&&#89'.#89'8#+%#BM&#/.0+E-:#89-.#9+;#E609#,-)0-.8#/&#BM&#/.0+E-#E+)-#89'.#PM&#/.0+E-"
S)lu.")(
>-)-#?#@#C3
æ ? ö
\ #N-O6/)-1#P.&;-)@# ç ×!33 ÷ 4
è !33F? ø
æ C3 ö
# # @## ç# ´!33 ÷ 4 = K5"I4
è 73 ø

1.3
!"# $%&A&"0&56&)%&C&'(3&B&"0&46&)%&C&.7,(

5
A <& ×>?? 6 )%&B&
4

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.3
#$%#P#/&#534#+%#C#'.1#B#/&#554#+%#C#89-.#;9'8#,-)0-.8'<-#/&#P#+%#B
S)lu.")(
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\1.Percentage (Th + Ex.).p65

? 53
P@# ?!33#= ?!33@I34+%#B
* 55

1.4
!"# $%&.7,&12"-,&)%&'&-)AA)3".4&"(-2,'0,&*4&P68&.7,(&.7,&2,3u-.")(&"(&-)(0uA1.")(&0)&'0&().&).

æ 1 ö
"(-2,'0,&.7,&,51,(3".u2,&"0& ç ×>?? ÷ 6
è >?? = 1 ø
!""# $%&.7,&12"-,&)%&'&-)AA)3".4&3,-2,'0,&*4&P68&.7,(&.7,&"(-2,'0,&"(&-)(0uA1.")(&0)&'0&().&.)&3,-2,'0,

æ 1 ö
.7,&,51,(3".u2,&"0& ç ×>?? ÷ 6
è >?? – 1 ø

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.4
!" $%#89-#,)/0-#+%#&6<')#/.0)-'&-#2*#554"#F/.1#9+;#E609#,-)0-.8#/8&#0+.&6E,8/+.#2-#)-160-1#&+#'&#.+8#8+#/.0)-'&-
89-#-?,-.1/86)-"
S)lu.")(
æ , ö
=ç ?!33 ÷ 4
è !33B, ø

55
@# ?!334 = 534
!55
5" $%#,)/0-#+%#0+EE+1/8*#1-0)-'&-#2*#554"#F/.1#9+;#E609#,-)0-.8#/8&#0+.&6E,8/+.#2-#/.0)-'&-#&+#'&#.+8#1-0)-'&-
-?,-.1/86)-"
S)lu.")(

æ , ö
=ç ?!33 ÷ 4
è !33F, ø

55
@# ?!334
!33F55

1.5
!"# $%&.w)&(uA*,20&'2,8&2,01,-.":,l48&56&'(3&46&A)2,&.7'(&'&.7"23&(uA*,28&.7,(&.7,&%"20.&(uA*,2.&"0

æ >?? = 5 ö æ >??= 4 ö
ç ×>?? ÷ 6 &)%&.7,&0,-)(3&'(3&.7,&0,-)(3&"0& ç ×>?? ÷ 6 &)%&.7,&%"20.
è >?? = 4 ø è >??= 5 ø

!""# $%&.w)&(uA*,20&'2,8&2,01,-.":,l48&56&'(3&46&l,00&.7'(&'&.7"23&(uA*,28&.7,(&.7,&%"20.&(uA*,2&"0

æ >?? – 5 ö æ >?? – 4 ö
ç ×>?? ÷ &)%&.7,&0,-)(3&'(3&.7,&0,-)(3&"0& ç ×>?? ÷ &)%&.7,&%"20.
è >?? – 4 ø è >?? – 5 ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.5
!" A;+#.6E2-)&#')-#)-&,-08/7-(*#534#'.1#534#E+)-#89'.#'#89/)1#.6E2-)"#W9'8#,-)0-.8#/&#89-#%/)&8#+%#89-#&-0+.1#=
S)lu.")(
>-)-#?@53#'.1#*@#53

æ !33 + ? ö
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\1.Percentage (Th + Ex.).p65

\ F/)&8#.6E2-)#@# ç ÷ #×#!334#+%#89-#&-0+.1
è !33 + ? ø

æ !33 + 53 ö
@# ç ÷ #×#!334#+%#89-#&-0+.1#/"-":#I34#+%#89-#&-0+.1
è !33 + 53 ø
5" A;+#.6E2-)&#')-:#)-&,-08/7-(*:#C54#'.1#534#(-&&#89'.#'#89/)1#.6E2-)"#W9'8#,-)0-.8#/&#89-#%/)&8#+%#89-#&-0+.1=
S)lu.")(
>-)-#?@#C5#'.1#*#@#53

æ !33 + ? ö
\ F/)&8#.6E2-)#@# ç ÷ #×#!334#+%#89-#&-0+.1
è !33 + ? ø

æ !33 + 53 ö
@# ç ÷ #×#!334#+%#89-#&-0+.1#/"-":#I54#+%#89-#&-0+.1
è !33 + 53 ø

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

1.6 Population formulae

!"# $%&.7,&)2"9"('l&!12,0,(.#&1)1ul'.")(&)%&'&.)w(&"0&P8&.7,(&.7,&1)1ul'.")(&!P?#&'%.,2&(&4,'20&'.&'(&'((u'l
(
æ 2 ö
"(-2,'0,&)%&26&"0&9":,(&*4& P? < P ç >= ÷
è >?? ø

P
!""# $%&.7,&12,0,(.&1)1ul'.")(&"0&P8&.7,(&.7,&1)1ul'.")(&(&4,'20&'9)&"0&9":,(&*4&P?&&<& (
æ 2 ö
ç>= >?? ÷
è ø
!"""# $%&.7,&1)1ul'.")(&"(-2,'0,0&*4&56&3u2"(9&.7,&%"20.&4,'28&*4&46&3u2"(9&.7,&0,-)(3&4,'28&*4&z6&3u2"(9
æ 5 öæ 4 öæ z ö
.7"23&4,'28&.7,&1)1ul'.")(&'%.,2&.72,,&4,'20&w"ll&*,& P ç >= ÷ ç >= ÷ ç >= ÷
è >?? øè >?? øè >?? ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.6
!" A9-#,+,6('8/.#+%#'#8+;.#/.0)-'&-#!34#'..6'((*"#$%#/8&#,)-&-.8#,+,6('8/+.#/&#!53333:#;9'8#;/((#/8#2-#/.#5#*-')&
8/E-"
S)lu.")(
>-)-#D@#!53333:#)@!3:#.@5"

\ D+,6('8/+.#'%8-)#5#*-')&

. 5
æ ) ö é !3 ù
@#D# ç !B
!33 ÷ = !53333 ê! + !33 ú
è ø ë û

!!3 !!3
=!53333? ? = !K5533
!33 !33
5" A9-#,+,6('8/+.#+%#'#8+;.#/.0)-'&-#'8#89-#)'8-#+%#534#'..6'((*#16-#8+#-?0-&&/7-#E/<)'8/+."#$%#,)-&-.8#,+,6('8/+.
/&#!KK333:#%/.1#,+,6('8/+.#8;+#*-')#'<+"
S)lu.")(

D !KK333 !KK333
@ = = = !33333
æ
.
) ö & æ
5
53 ö !53 !53
?
ç !B !33 ÷ ç ! + !33 ÷ !33 !33
è ø è ø

C" A9-#/.0+E-#+%#N'E-&9#/.0)-'&-#2*#!34:#534#'.1#C34#&600-&&/7-(*#/.#89)--#*-')&"#F/.1#09'.<-#/.#9/&#/.0+E-:
/%#,)-&-.8#/.0+E-#/&#!53333#N&"#,-)#'..6E"
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\1.Percentage (Th + Ex.).p65

S)lu.")(
>-)-#?@!3:#*@53:#z@#C3"
P#@#!53333
L+:#,-)0-.8#09'.<-#/.#/.0+E-

æ ? öæ * öæ z ö
P ç! + ÷ ç ! + !33 ÷ ç! + !33 ÷
è !33 øè øè ø

éæ !3 ö æ 53 ö æ C3 ö ù
@#!533333?# êç ! + ÷ ç ! + !33 ÷ ç ! + !33 ÷ ú
ëè !33 øè øè øû

!!3 !53 !C3

@#!533333?# ´ ´ #@#N&"#557K33
!33 !33 !33
4

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics
K" A9-#,+,6('8/+.#+%#'#7/(('<-#/&#5533"#$%#89-#.6E2-)#+%#E'(-&#/.0)-'&-&#2*#!!4#'.1#89-#.6E2-)#+%#%-E'(-&
/.0)-'&-&#2*#534:#89-.#89-#,+,6('8/+.#2-0+E-&#6CC3"#F/.1#89-#,+,6('8/+.#+%#%-E'(-&#/.#89-#8+;."
S)lu.")(
L-8#?#/&#,+,6('8/+.#+%#E'(-
\ G5533#J#?H#/&#%-E'(-#,+,6('8/+.

? ´ !!! G553 - ?H ´ !53

+ #@#6CC3
!33 !33
O.#0'(06('8/.<#;-#<-8#?#@#C333
L+#%-E'(-#,+,6('8/+.#@#5533

1.7 Depreciation formulae

!"# $%&.7,&12,0,(.&12"-,&'(&'2."-l,&"0&P8&.7,(&12"-,&P?&'%.,2&(&4,'20&'.&'(&'(uu'l&3,-2,'0,&)%&26&"0&9":,(
*4

(
æ 2 ö
P? < P ç> –
è >?? ÷ø

!""# $%&.7,&12,0,(.&12"-,&"0&P8&.7,(&.7,&12"-,&(&4,'20&'9)&"0&9":,(&*4

P
P? < (
æ 2 ö
ç > – >?? ÷
è ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.7
!"## A9-#,+,6('8/+.# +%#'#0/8*#/.0)-'&-&#'8#89-#)'8-#+%#!34#'..6'((*"#$8&#,)-&-.8#,+,6('8/+.# /&#93"5!#('0&"###A9-
,+,6('8/+.#C#*-')&#'<+#;'&#.-')(*"
S)lu.")(
W-#9'7-:#D@93"5!:#)@#!3#'.1#.@C
\ A9-#,+,6('8/+.#C#*-')&#'<+

D 93"5!
@# .
= C
æ ) ö æ !3 ö
ç ! + !33 ÷ ç ! + !33 ÷
è ø è ø
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\1.Percentage (Th + Ex.).p65

935! !33 !33 !33

@# ´ ´ ´ #@#6I#('0&
!33 !!3 !!3 !!3
5"### P#26/(1/.<#;+)89#N&"#!CC:#!33#/&#0+.&8)608-1#+.#('.1#;+)89#N&"#75:933"#P%8-)#9+;#E'.*#*-')&#;/((#89-#7'(6-#+%
2+89#2-#89-#&'E-#/%#('.1#',,)-0/'8-&#'8#!34#,"'"#'.1#26/(1/.<#1-,)-0/'8-&#'8#!34#,"'"=
&&&&S)lu.")(
. .
æ !3 ö æ !3 ö
75933 ç ! + ÷ = !CC!33? ç ! - ÷
è !33 ø è !33 ø
. .
æ !! ö æ !3 ö !CC!33 !CC!
\ç ÷ ?ç ÷ = =
è !3 ø è 9 ø 75933 759

. C
æ !! ö æ !! ö
\ç ÷ = ç ÷ Þ.ÞC
è 9 ø è 9 ø
5

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

1.8
$%&'%.,2&01,(3"(9&1>6&%"20.8&.7,(&126&%2)A&.7,&2,A'"("(98&'(3&0)&)(8&B&"0&.7,&*'l'(-,&'A)u(.8
.7,(&.7,&.).'l&!)2"9"('l#&'A)u(.&"0&9":,(&*4

B5>??5>??
T).'l&'A)u(.&< >?? - 1 >?? - 1 ...
( > )( 2)

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.8
!" N'E#L,-.1&#C34#+%#9/&#&'(')*#+.#9+6&-#)-.8:#C34#+%#89-#)-&8#9-#&,-.1&#+.#9/&#09/(1)-.M&#-160'8/+.#'.1#5K4#+%
89-#)-&8#&'(')*#9-#&,-.1&#+.#0(+89&"#P%8-)#9/&#-?,-.1/86)-:#9-#/&#(-%8#;/89#N&"#5533"#W9'8#/&#N'EM&#L'(')*#=
S)lu.")(
L-8#A+8'(#L'(')*#/&#?#N&"
C34#+.#9+6&-#)-.8@#?
C34#+%#)-E'/./.<#+.#09/(1)-.&#-160'8/+.@*
5K4#+%#)-E'/./.<#+.#0(+89-&@#z

é ? ùé * ùé z ù
D ê! + ú ê! + !33 ú ê! + !33 ú #@#5533
ë !33 ûë ûë û

é C3 ù é C3 ù é 5K ù
D ê! + ú ê! + !33 ú ê! + !33 ú #@#5533
ë !33 ûë ûë û

[GJH#7-#&/<.#2-0'6&-#+%#&,-.1/.<]

é 73 ù é 73 ù é 76 ù
D# ê úê úê ú #@#5533
ë !33 û ë !33 û ë !33 û

D#@#N&"#67!C"5!
5" P.#P)E*#(+&8#!34#/8&#E-.#/.#;'):#!34#+%#89-#)-E'/./.<#16-#8+#1/&-'&-&#'.1#!34#+%#89-#)-&8#;-)-#1/&'2(-1"#A96&:
89-#&8)-.<89#;'&#)-160-1#8+#759333#'08/7-#E-."#F/.1#89-#+)/</.'(#&8)-.<89"
S)lu.")(
L-8#P#2-#89-#+)/</.'(#&8)-.<89
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\1.Percentage (Th + Ex.).p65

æ ? öæ * öæ z ö
A9-.:#P# ç ! + ÷ ç ! + !33 ÷ ç ! + !33 ÷
è !33 øè øè ø

@#759333#GG/7-.H
>-)-:#?#@#!3:#*#@#!33#'.1#z#@#J!3

æ !3 ö æ !3 ö æ !3 ö
\ P# ç ! - ÷ ç !- ÷ ç !-
è !33 ø è !33 ø è !33 ÷ø

@#759333

759333 ´ !33 ´ !33 ´ !33

Þ P#@#
93 ´ 93 ´ 93

@#!333333#E-.
6

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

1.9
$%&.7,&:'lu,&)%&'&(uA*,2&"0&%"20.&"(-2,'0,3&*4&56&'(3&l'.,2&3,-2,'0,3&*4&568&.7,&(,.&-7'(9,&"0

52
'lw'40&'&3,-2,'0,&w7"-7&"0&,qu'l&.)& 6
>??

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.9
M/09'-(#&+(1#8;+#A"V"#&-8&#%+)#N&"#C633#-'09#<'/./.<#534#+.#+.-#'.1#(++&/.<#534#+.#89-#+89-)"#F/.1#89-#8+8'(
<'/.#+)#(+&&#,-)0-.8"
S)lu.")(
>-)-#?#@#53

5 5
æ ? ö æ 53 ö
L+:#+7-)'((#(+&&# ç ÷ 4 = ç !3 ÷ 4 = K4
è !3 ø è ø

1.10
A&-'(3"3'.,&0-)2"(9&56&"(&'(&,5'A"('.")(&%'"l0&*4&‘'/&A'2B08&w7"l,&'().7,2&-'(3"3'.,&w7)&0-)2,0
46&A'2B0&9,.0/*/&A'2B0&A)2,&.7'(&.7,&A"("AuA&2,qu"2,3&1'00&A'2B0.&T7,(&.7,&A'5"AuA&A'2B0

>??( '=*)
%)2&.7'.&,5'A"('.")(&'2,&& M<
4– 5

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.10
$.#'.#-?'E/.'8/+.:#C5#4#0'.1/1'8-&#%'/(-1#/.#+.-#&62j-08#'.1#K54#%'/(-1#/.#'.+89-)#&62j-08#;9/(-#!54#%'/(-1#/.
2+89#89-#&62j-08&"#$%#5533#0'.1/1'8-&#',,-')-1#'8#89-#-?'E/.'8/+.:#9+;#E'.*#,'&&-1#/.#-/89-)#&62j-08#268#.+8#/.
2+89#=
S)lu.")(

æ C5 ö
F'/(-1#/.#!&8#&62j-08# = ç ´ 5533 ÷ = I75"
è !33 ø
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\1.Percentage (Th + Ex.).p65

æ K5 ö
F'/(-1#/.#5.1#&62j-08# = ç ´ 5533 ÷ = !353"
è !33 ø

æ !5 ö
F'/(-1#/.#2+89# = ç ´ 5533 ÷ = C75"
è !33 ø

F'/(-1#/.#!&8#&62j-08#+.(*@#GI75#J#C75H@#533"
F'/(-&#/.#5.1#&62j-08#+.(*@#G!353#J#C75H@#675
D'&&-1#/.#5.1#+.(*BD'&&-1#/.#!&8#+.(*

@#G675B533H@#!!75

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

1.11

$%&"(&'(&,5'A"('.")(&56&)%&.7,&0.u3,(.0&%'"l,3&"(&)(,&0u*+,-.8&46&%'"l,3&"(&'().7,2&0u*+,-.&'(3&z6&"(
*).7&.7,&0u*+,-.08&.7,&1,2-,(.'9,&)%&0.u3,(.&w7)&:

!'#&F'"l,3&"(&,".7,2&)%&.7,&0u*+,-.0&<&5=4-z

!*#&P'00,3&"(&*).7&.7,&0u*+,-.0<&>??-!5=4-z#

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 1.11
!" $.#'.#-?'E/.'8/+.:#C34#'.1#C54#&861-.8&#)-&,-08/7-(*#%'/(-1#/.#>/&8+)*#'.1#G-+<)',9*#;9/(-#574#&861.-8&#%'/(-1
/.#2+89#89-#&62j-08&"#$%#89-#.6E2-)#+%#&861-.8&#,'&&/.<#89-#-?'E/.'8/+.#/.#5KI:#%/.1#89-#8+8'(#.6E2-)#+%#&861.-8&
;9+#',,-')-1#/.#89-#-?'E/.'8/+."

S)lu.")(

D-)0-.8'<-#+%#&861-.8&#,'&&/.<#89-#-?'E/.'8/+.

= G!33 - GC3 + C5 - 57HH4

éë9-)-:#?@C3:#*@C5#'.1#z@57ùû
= 65#G!33FCIH4@#654

L-8#89-#8+8'(#.6E2-)#+%#&861-.8&#',,-')/.<#/.#89-#-?'E/.'8/+.#?"

G/7-.:#654#+%#?@#5KI

65 5KI?!33
+):# ´ ? = 5KI +)#?@ = K33
!33 65

A9-)-%+)-:#K33#&861-.8&#',,-')-1#/.#89-#-?'E/.'8/+."

5" $.#'.#-?'E/.'8/+.:#89-)-#;-)-#5333#0'.1/1'8-&:#+68#+%#;9/09#933#0'.1/1'8-&#;-)-#2+*&#'.1#)-&8#;-)-#</)(&"#$%
C54#+%#89-#2+*&#CI4#+%#89-#</)(&#,'&&-1:#89-.#89-#8+8'(#,-)0-.8'<-#+%#%'/(-1#0'.1/1'8-&#/&

S)lu.")(

B+*&@#933:#G/)(&@#!!33
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\1.Percentage (Th + Ex.).p65

D'&&-1#@#GC54#+%#933H#B#GCI4#+%#!!33H#@#5II#B#K!I#@#736

F'/(-1#@#5333#J#736#@#!59K

æ !59K ö
F'/(-1#4#@# ç ´ !33 ÷ #4#@#6K"7#4
è 5333 ø

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics
PERCENTAGE SOLVED EXAMPLES
>. $%#K34#+%#89-#.6E2-)&#-?0--1&#89-#554#+%#/8#2* L'(')*#+%#J6.-#L-&&#89'.#89'8#+%#J6(*#2*#,-)0-.8
5K"#F/.1#89-#.6E2-)" D/%%-)-.0-
= ?!33
'.* 7'(6- L'(')*#+%#J6(*
S)l. #@#.6E2-)#G/"-:#2'&-#.6E2-)H
/8& )'8- 4 +% .6E2-)
æ5 9ö
>-)-:#5K#&8'.1&#%+)#89-#1/%%-)-.0-#+%#GK34#'.1 ç5 - K ÷?
554#+%#.6E2-)H =è ø ?!33 = !34
5
?
5K 5
Þ @#.6E2-)
GK3 - 55H4
4. A9-#&/1-#+%#'#&O6')-#/.0)-'&-&#2*#,4:#89-.#%/.1#2*
5K ;9'84#1+-&#/8&#')-'#/.0)-'&-#=
Þ ´ !33 @#C33
K3 - 55 S)l. L6,,+&-:#&/1-#+%#'#&O6')-@#2
2. D!4#.6E2-)#N!#/&#-O6'(#8+#D54#+%#.6E2-)#N5"#F/.1 O)/</.'(#')-'#+%#89-#&O6')-@#25:#/"-":#)-&6(8#@#P#?#B
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 Mathematics

2.2
!"# 9:%;<=)>%"?<)*)-$)5)9:%;7>
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K=&&>&8=&+&:&L/,D9+&(3&8=

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K=&>&0)"&JF2
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@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X
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1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.3
BM&)%55-36&/&,/4-(&.(,&0)"!7JF?&@9,%)$&5()*&12:"&;$/*&+%,'%3*&)$/55&$%&6/-3&(,&5()%&CM&)%55-36&-*&.(,&0)"1222Q
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20

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 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.4
!" I.&*$%&@"="&(.&!1&/,*-'5%&-)&%q9/5&*(&*$%&'()*&+,-'%&(.&!P&/,*-'5%)&O$/*&-)&+,(.-*:&Q
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2.5
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æ xw ö
"/& ç , 2 ÷ &1))2330
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1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.5
!" I.&!!&(,/36%)&/,%&C(96$*&.(,&0)"!2&/34&)(54&/*&!2&.(,&0)"!!?&O$/*&-)&*$%&6/-3&(,&5()):Q
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Q 9/ 3*-*M =,-'%
!! !2

!2 !!

æ xO ö
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æ !! ´ !! ö
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1!
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21

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Class X
1" B&.,9-*&)%55%,&C9M)&/++5%)&/*&*$%&,/*%&(.&0)"!1&+%,&4(z%3&/34&)%55)&*$%L&/*&*$%&,/*%&(.&!7&.(,&0)"!1"&G-34&$-)
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1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.6
!" K($-*&)%55)&/&C-'M'5%&*(&0($-*&/*&/&6/-3&(.&!2:&/34&0($-*&/6/-3&)%55)&-*&*(&JM(*-&/*&/&+,(.-*&(.&7:"&I.&JM(*-&+/M)
0)"NF1&*(&0($-*?&O$/*&-)&*$%&'()*&+,-'%&(.&*$%&C-'M'5%&.(,&K($-*Q
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+&67("&8
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ë û

NF1 ´ !2222
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22

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics
1" ‘B’&)%55)&/&DVD&*(&‘B’&/*&/&6/-3&(.&!E:&/34&‘B’&/6/-3&)%55)&-*&*(&‘8’&/*&/&5())&(.&17:"&I.&‘8’&+/M&0)"&!27J&*(&‘B’?
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2.7
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1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.7
K/3(j&)%55)&)&)$-,*&*(&Y(6%)$&/*&/&+,(.-*&(.&!7:&/34&Y(6%)$&)%55)&-*&*(&@9,%)$&/*&/&5())&(.&!2:"&G-34&*$%&,%)95*/3*
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æ L3 ö
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\2.Profit, Loss and Discount (Th + Ex.).p65

æ !7x - !2 ö
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2.8
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é 233!x 5 D# 5 2xD ù
ê ú0
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TG<):b&4<)<x>%<//"&8)%<>%</<8()&4<%:66)E:"8)&%)6&//):??&%="8E6D):/)"(/)/"E8)"/)54<)&%),4<I

23

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Class X

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.8
K/$%)$&)(54&*O(&)'((*%,)?&%/'$&.(,&0)"1N222"&I.&$%&L/D%)&12:&+,(.-*&(3&*$%&.-,)*&/34&!7:&5())&(3&*$%&)%'(34?
O$/*&-)&$-)&6/-3&(.&5())&+%,&'%3*&-3&*$%&*,/3)/'*-(3Q
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H%,%&x&>&12&/34&M&>&A!7"
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ë (!22 + x) + (!22 + M) û

é !22(12 - !7) + 1 ´ 12 ´ -!7 ù

>& ê :
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-!22 12
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O$-'$&,%+,%)%3*)&5())?&C%-36&/&A<%&%x+,%))-(3"

2.9
WG<8)(w&)="''<%<8():%("?6</):%<)/&6=):()(G<)/:@<)/<66"8E)>%"?<)E<(("8E):)E:"8)&')x0)&8)(G<)'"%/():8=
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2
æ x ö
ç 23 ÷ 0I
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A&(<)(G:()"8)/7?G)H7</("&8/)(G<%<)"/):6w:D/):)6&//I

1.1
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0/j%)$&)(54&*O(&$(,)%)&.(,&0)"992&%/'$;&6/-3-36&!2:&(3&*$%&/34&5()-36&!2:&(3&*$%&(*$%,"&G-34&$-)&*(*/5&6/-3
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2.10
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6&//!E#)"/)E"4<8)bD

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A&(<B)I')(G<)@<%?G:8()/<66/)G"/)E&&=/):()?&/()>%"?<F)(G<8)x)*)3I

24

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.10
!" B&4-)$(3%)*&)$(+D%%+%,&+,(.%))%)&*(&)%55&'5(*$&/*&*$%&'()*&+,-'%&C9*&$%&9)%)&./95*M&L%*,%&,(4"&H-)&L%*,%&,(4
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!22 + 6 !222
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2.11
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25

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.11
B&)$(+D%%+%,&)%55)&*$%&6((4)&/*&NN:&5())&(3&'()*&C9*&9)%)&J2:&5%))&O%-6$*"&;$/*&-)&$-)&+%,'%3*/6%&+,(.-*&(,
5())Q
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æ M+x ö
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æ J2 - NN ö
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æ -!N ö
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O$-'$&,%+,%)%3*)&5())&C%-36&/&3%6/*-<%&%x+,%))-(3"

2.12
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!b#)TG<)?&/()>%"?<)&')(G<)"(<@)/&6=):()E:"8

A!233 , 0 6&//#
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1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.12
0/L%)$&C9M)&*O(&C((D)&.(,&0)"N!2&/34&)%55)&(3%&/*&/&5())&(.&12:&/34&*$%&(*$%,&/*&/&6/-3&(.&17:"&I.&C(*$&*$% Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\2.Profit, Loss and Discount (Th + Ex.).p65

C((D)&/,%&)(54&*$%&)/L%?&.-34&*$%&'()*&+,-'%&(.&*O(&C((D)"
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>& (!22 - 12) + (!22 + 17) &>&
P2 + !17
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26

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 Mathematics

2.13
I')(w&)/7??<//"4<)="/?&78(/)&8):8):%("?6<):%<)@0):8=)80F)%</><?("4<6DF)(G<8):)/"8E6<)="/?&78(
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æ @8 ö
ç @ 5 8 , 233 ÷ 0I
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1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 2.13
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æ J2 ´ !F ö
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2.14
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G-34&/&)-365%&4-)'(93*&%q9-</5%3*&*(&*$,%%&)9''%))-<%&4-)'(93*)&(.&!2:?&12:&/34&J2:"
+&67("&8B
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æ (!2 ´ 12 + !2 ´ J2 + 12 ´ J2) !2 ´ 12 ´ J2 ö
ç !2 + 12 + J2 - + ÷:
è !22 !221 ø

æ Fö N9F
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è !2 ø !2

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Class X

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1.1
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é !22 z
1 ù
8"="&>& ê ú
êë (!22 - 4) (!22 + +) úû

O%&6%*&*$%&'()*&+,-'%&(.&%/'$&)/,%%

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>& ê (!22 - 7) (!22 + !1) ú
ë û

!22 ´ !22 ´ 1FF

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 Mathematics
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 Mathematics
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Class X

PROFIT, LOSS AND DISCOUNT EXERCISE

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AA+WER) KEY
Q7<I 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 23 22 22 23 24 25
A 8/ I 1 J J N J 1 1 1 N N J N J J J
Q7<I 26 27 28 29 23 22 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 33
A 8/ I N 1 1 J N J J ! N ! 1 ! N N !
Q7<I 32 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 43 42 42 43 44 45
A 8/ I J 1 1 J J J J N N J 1 ! N J J
Q7<I 46 47 48 49 53 52 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 63
A 8/ I J ! 1 J N 1 ! ! 1 ! 1 N N N J
Q7<I 62 62 63 64 65
A 8/ I J ! 1 1 1

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 Mathematics

Partnership, Mixtures
CHAPTER
3
and Alligations
3.1 Mixtures

!"#$%$&$'%

($)&*+",-.+"-/"%"+.001-'#-&2'-&13",4-56"%-&2'-7$##"+"%&-$%/+"7$"%&,-.+"-8$)"7-&'/"&6"+9-$&-$,-:%'2%
.,-,$830"-8$)&*+"9-"4/4-.-8$)&*+"-'#-2.&"+-.%7-8$0:;-2.&"+-.%7-3*+"-,3$+$&4
56"%-&2'-'+-8'+"-,$830"-8$)&*+",-<8.7"-'#-,.8"-$%/+"7$"%&,-'#-,.8"-'+-7$##"+"%&-3+'3'+&$'%,=
.+"-8$)"7-&'/"&6"+-&'-#'+8-.%'&6"+-8$)&*+"9-$&-$,-:%'2%-.,-.->'83'*%7-8$)&*+"4

3.2 Alligation Rule

?00$/.&$'%-0$&"+.001-8".%,-@0$%:$%/A4-B6"-.00$/.&$'%-+*0"-,&.&",-&6.&9

C56.&-7$##"+"%&-D*.%&$&$",-'#-,.8"-'+-7$##"+"%&-$%/+"7$"%&,9-'#-7$##"+"%&->',&-<E.0*"=-.+"-8$)"7-&'/"&6"+
&'-3+'7*>"-.-8$)&*+"-'#-.-8".%->',&-<E.0*"=9-&6"-+.&$'-'#-&6"$+-D*.&$&$",-.+"-$%E"+,"01-3+'3'+&$'%.0
&'-&6"-7$##"+"%>",-$%-&6"$+->',&-#+'8-&6"-8".%->',&-<E.0*"=F

G*.%&$&1 '# ,8.00"+ >',& $%/+"7$"%& H.+/"+ >',& I (".% >',&

!"!
G*.%&$&1 '# 0.+/"+ >',& $%/+"7$"%& (".% >',& I J8.00"+ >',&

H"& KL-M->',&-3+$>"-'#-L,&-$%/+"7$"%&
KN-M->',&-3+$>"-'#-N,&-$%/+"7$"%&
N'29-&6","-&2'-$%/+"7$"%&-.+"-8$)"7-&'-3+'7*>"-.-8$)&*+"-,*>6-&6.&
K8-M->',&-3+$>"-'#-&6"-8$)&*+"-<8".%-3+$>"=
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\3.Partnership, Mixtures and Alligations (Th + Ex.).p65

&6"%9-&6"-+.&$'-'#-&6"-D*.%&$&1-'#-&2'-$%/+"7$"%&,-&'-3+'7*>"-&6$,-8$)&*+"-$,-/$E"%-b1:

D*.%&$&1 '# L,& $%/+"7$"%& KN I K8

%7
!M-
D*.%&$&1 '# N $%/+"7$"%& K 8 I KL

%&'()'*!+,-),.,/0'0&1/
#$ #3

2$ #* 23

#3 4!#!* #* 4!#!$

DL KN I K 8
M
DL K 8 I KL

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Class X

3.3
B'-F$%7-&6"-G*.%&$&1-'#-I%/+"7$"%&,-$%-&6"-($)&*+"-'#-G$E"%-?8'*%&

æ DL ö
F+'8-#'+8*0.9-2"-6.E"-'b&.$%"7-&6"-+.&$'-'#-$%/+"7$"%&,-$4"4- ç D ÷ 4
è Nø
N'29-$#-&6"-.8'*%&-'#-&6"-8$)&*+"-M-G9-&6"%9
DL
D*.%&$&1-'#-L,&-$%/+"7$"%&-$%-&6"-8$)&*+"-M- -´-G
DL + DN

DN
.%7-D*.%&$&1-'#-N,&-$%/+"7$"%&-$%-&6"-8$)&*+"-M- -´-G
DL + DN
B6$,-#'+8*0.-$,-:%'2%-.,-R.&$'IG*.%&$&1-R*0"4

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 3.1
$5 6/!78'0!-)1-10&1/!*9.0!'!()1:,)!*&;!0,'.!.1<=!>!+.!$5?3@A(!'/=!+.!$5BB@A(!.1!'.!01!*'A,!'!*&;09),!71)08!+.
$53C@A(D
J'0*&$'%
E.!-,)!E<<&('0&1/!+9<,F

29'/0&0G 1H :8,'-,) 0,' 2 I$5BB 4 $53CJ $5?3 $5BB

!"! $ !"!
29'/0&0G 1H =,'),) 0,' 23 I$53C 4 $5?3J
2$ $53C 23
5$K
"!
53B
I$5BB!4!$53CJ I$53C!4!$5BBJ
L
"!
B
\!-)1-1)0&1/!1H!071!A&/=.!1H!0,'!01!M,!*&;,=!I01!(,0!'!*&;09),!71)08!+.!$53C@A(J!&.!L!N!B5
35 O17!*9:8!.'<0!I&/!A(J!71)08!B3!P!-,)!A(!*9.0!*&;!7&08!3Q!A(!1H!.'<0!71)08!3B!P!-,)!A(!.1!08'0!8,!*'GF!1/
.,<<&/(!08,!*&;09),!'0!B?!P!-,)!A(F!('&/!3QR!1/!08,!190<'GD
J'0*&$'%

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\3.Partnership, Mixtures and Alligations (Th + Ex.).p65

O,),F!.,<<&/(!-)&:,!1H!08,!*&;09),!8'.!M,,/!(&v,/F!M90!'<<&('0&1/!)9<,!&.!'--<&,=!1/!08,!:1.0!-)&:,!1H!*&;09),!'.
7,<<!'.!1/!:1.0!-)&:,!1H!&/(),=&,/0.5

B?
#1.0!-)&:,!1H!08,!*&;09),!"! ´ $??!"!L3!P!-,)!A(5
$3Q
BG!'--<G&/(!)9<,!1H!E<<&('0&1/!/17F
B3 3B
29'/0&0G 1H =,'),) .'<0 2$
29'/0&0G 1H :8,'-,) .'<0 "! 2 2$
3 L3 23
L3 - 3B
"!
B3 - L3 IL3!4!3BJ IB3!4!L3J
K B
"! !"!
$? Q
T8,!-)1-1)0&1/!1H!BN!Q!&/=&:'0,.!08'0!,v,)G!Q!A(!1H!:8,'-,)!.'<0!I3B!PJ!&.!01!M,!*&;,=!7&08!B!A(!1H!=,'),)!.'<0
IB3!PJ!01!-)1=9:,!08,!*,'/!*&;09),!IL3!PJ5
Þ 3Q!A(!1H!:8,'-,)!.'<0!I(&v,/J!&.!01!M,!*&;,=!7&08!3?!A(!1H!=,'),)!.'<0!IB3!PJ5
O,/:,!08,!),29&),=!'*19/0!1H!=,'),)!.'<0!IB3!PJ!&.!3?!A(5
38

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 Mathematics

3.4
?00$/.&$'%-R*0"-#'+-.-($)&*+"-'#-B6+""-I%/+"7$"%&,
56"%-&6+""-$%/+"7$"%&,-2$&6->',&-3+$>",-KL9KN-.%7-K3-+",3">&$E"01-.+"-8$)"7-&'-#'+8-.-8$)&*+"-'#
8".%-3+$>"-<'+->',&-3+$>"=-K89-&6"%
("8'+1-&$3,
DL-M-3+'3'+&$'%-'#-L,&-$%/+"7$"%&-M-<KN-I-K8=-<K3-I-K8= <6"+"9->',&-'#-DL-.b,"%&=
DN-M-3+'3'+&$'%-'#-N%7-$%/+"7$"%&-M-<K8-I-KL=-<K3-I-K8= <6"+"9->',&-'#-DN-.b,"%&=
D3-M-3+'3'+&$'%-'#-3 -$%/+"7$"%&-M-<KN-I-K8=-<K8-I-KL=
+7
<6"+"9->',&-'#-D3-.b,"%&=
DL-:-DN-:-D3-M-<KN-I-K8=-´ <K3-I-K8=-:-<K8-I-KL=-´ <K3-I-K8=-: -<KN-I-K8=-´ <K8-I-KL=
J$8$0.+019-.#&"+-#$%7$%/-'*&-&6"-3+'3'+&$'%9-#'+-&6"-7$##"+"%&-$%/+"7$"%&,9-&6"-+"D*$+"7-D*.%&$&$",
>.%-b"-#'*%7-'*&-.,-:
DL
DL-M-D*.%&$&1-'#-L,&-$%/+"7$"%&-M- -´-.8'*%&-'#-8$)&*+"
<DL + DN + D 3 =
DN
DN-M-D*.%&$&1-'#-N%7-$%/+"7$"%&-M- ´-.8'*%&-'#-8$)&*+"
<DL + DN + D 3 =

D3
D3-M-D*.%&$&1-'#-3+7-$%/+"7$"%&-M- ´-.8'*%&-'#-8$)&*+"
<DL + DN + D 3 =

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 3.2
6/!78'0!-)1-1)0&1/!*'G!08),,!A&/=.!1H!:'.8,7/90.!71)08!+.!L37F!+.!L39!'/=!+.!LL3!-,)!A(!M,!*&;,=!01
-)1=9:,!'!*&;09),!71)08!+.!LL?@A(D
J'0*&$'%
O,),F #$!"!+.!L37
#3!"!+.!L39
#*!"!+.!LL?
#L!"!+.!LL3
U.&/(!08,!H1)*9<'F!7,!8'v,
2$!N!23!N!2L!"!I#3!4!#*J!I#L!4!#*J!N!I#*!4!#$J!I#L!4!#*J!N!I#3!4!#*J!I#*!4!#$J
"!$!´3!N!L!´3!N!$!´!L
"!!3!N!C!N!L
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\3.Partnership, Mixtures and Alligations (Th + Ex.).p65

T8&.!)'0&1!1H!08),,!A&/=.!1H!:'.8,7/90.!:'/!'<.1!M,!H19/=!190!MG!H1<<17&/(!.81)-:90!*,081=5

3.5 Mean Value (Or Cost Price) of the mixture

K.,"-I
56"%-&2'-$%/+"7$"%&,-?-.%7-B-.+"-8$)"7
DL-.%7-DN-®-G*.%&$&$",-'#-?-.%7-B-+",3">&$E"01
KL-.%7-KN-®-K',&-3+$>"-'#-?-.%7-B-+",3">&$E"01
(".%-E.0*"-<>',&-3+$>"=-$,-/$E"%-b1
KL × DL + KN × D N
K8*-M-
DL + DN
*-I&-$,-,$8$0.+-&'-#$%7$%/-&6"-.E"+./"-'#-&2'-$%/+"7$"%&,-2$&6-7$##"+"%&->',&-3+$>"-.%7-D*.%&$&$",4
N'&"-: <$=-DL-.%7-DN-8.1-.0,'-b"-$%-+.&$'-#'+8-<$%-3+'3'+&$'%=-$%-&6"-.b'E"-#'+8*0.4
<$$=-?b'E"-#'+8*0.->.%-.0,'-b"-7"+$E"7-#+'8-&6"-?00$/.&$'%-R*0"
K.,"-II
56"%-8'+"-&6.%-&2'-$%/+"7$"%&,-.+"-8$)"7
( KL × DL + KN × DN + 444 + K% × D% )
K8-M-
( DL + DN + 4444 + D% )
39

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Class X

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 3.3
E!*'/!*&;,.!C!A(.!1H!0,'!71)08!+.!C!-,)!A(!'/=!B!A(.!1H!0,'!71)08!+.!7!-,)!A(!'/=!08,!*&;09),!&.!.1<=!'0!$?R
-)1H&05!F&/=!08,!.,<<&/(!-)&:,!-,)!A(!1H!08,!*&;09),5
J'0*&$'%
C´ C + B´ 7
M,'/!v'<9,!I:1.0!-)&:,J!1H!08,!*&;09),!"!
C+ B
"!+.!C5B!-,)!A(5
S'<,!-)&:,!-,)!A(!1H!08,!*&;09), "!$5$!´!C5B
"!+.!75?B!-,)!A(5

3.6 Six golden rules to solve problems on mixture

?,,*83&$'%,
<.= I%-R.&$'-#'+8:-B6"+"-$,-'%"-/$E"%-8$)&*+"-'#-P-:/-<,.1=-6.E$%/-&2'-$%/+"7$"%&,-?-.%7-B-$%-&6"
+.&$'-.-:-b4
OR
<b= I%-P"+>"%&./"-#'+8:-B6"+"-$,-'%"-/$E"%-8$)&*+"-'#-P-:/-<,.1=->'%&.$%$%/-&2'-$%/+"7$"%&,-?-.%7-B4
I%/+"7$"%&-?-$,-8%-'#-&6"-8$)&*+"4
R*0"-L
G*.%&$&1-'#-".>6-$%/+"7$"%&-$,-&'-b"-#'*%7-'*&-b1-*,$%/-&6"-R.&$'-G*.%&$&1-R*0"
.
"4/4 G*.%&$&1-'#-?-M- ´-P9-.,-3"+-&6"-.,,*83&$'%-$%-<.=
.+b
b
G*.%&$&1-'#-B-M- ´-P
.+b
R*0"-N
B6$,-+*0"-$,-.330$>.b0"-26"%-&6"-D*.%&$&1-'#-.%1-$%/+"7$"%&-$,-")3+",,"7-.,-3"+>"%&./"-'#-&6"
8$)&*+"
[.,-3"+-&6"-.,,*83&$'%,-<b=]
"4/4 D*.%&$&1-'#-?-M-8%-'#-P9-.,-3"+-.,,*83&$'%-<b=-.%7-D*.%&$&1-'#-B-M-<L00-I-8=%-'#-P4

R*0"-3
I#-)-:/-<,.1=-'#-.%1-$%/+"7$"%&-$,-.77"7-&'-&6"-8$)&*+"9-&6"%-$%-&6"-#$%.09-&6.&-3.+&$>*0.+-$%/+"7$"%&

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\3.Partnership, Mixtures and Alligations (Th + Ex.).p65

$%>+".,",-b1-)-:/-.%7-&6"-.8'*%&-'#-8$)&*+"-.0,'-$%>+".,",-b1-)-:/9-b*&-&6"-D*.%&$&1-'#-'&6"+
$%/+"7$"%&-+"8.$%,-*%>6.%/"74
"4/4-<.= I%-R.&$'-#'+8-:-H"&-)-:/-'#-$%/+"7$"%&-?-b"-.77"7-&'-&6"-8$)&*+"9-&6"%
æ . ö
G*.%&$&1 '# ? çP × . + b ÷ + )
è ø
%"2-+.&$'-'#-?-.%7-B-M- -M- [R"#"+-R*0"-L]
G*.%&$&1 '# B b
P×
.+b
----<.= I%-P"+>"%&./"-#'+8-:-H"&-)-:/-'#-$%/+"7$"%&-?-b"-.77"7-&'-&6"-8$)&*+"9
N"2 D*.%&$&1 '# ?
&6"%-%"2-%-'#-?-$%-&6"-8$)&*+"-M- -´-L00%
?8'*%& '# 8$)&*+"
8% '# P + )
Þ-%-'#-?-$%-&6"-8$)&*+"-M- -´-L00% [J""-?,,*83&$'%-<b=]
P+)
J$8$0.+019
G*.%&$&1 '# B
%"2-%-'#-B-$%-&6"-8$)&*+"-M- -´-L00%
?8'*%& '# 8$)&*+"
(L00 I 8 ) % '# P
%"2-%-'#-B-$%-&6"-8$)&*+"-M- -´-L00%
P+)
40

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 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 3.4
I%-+.&$'-#'+8
$5 T8,!)'0&1!1H!*&<A!'/=!7'0,)!&/!'!*&;09),!1H!LQ!<&0),.!&.!B!N!$5!O17!*9:8!7'0,)!*9.0!M,!'==!01!08,!*&;09),!.1!08'0
08,!)'0&1!1H!*&<A!'/=!7'0,)!M,!L!N!3!D
J'0*&$'%
6/!08&.!-)1M<,*F!7,!'),!:1/:,)/,=!7&08!)'0&1!1H!*&<A!'/=!7'0,)F
Q9'/0&0G 1H *&<A
$4"4!
Q9'/0&0G 1H 7'0,)
Q9'/0&0G 1H *&<A B
60!&.!(&v,/!!08'0!! "
Q9'/0&0G 1H 7'0,) $
N17F!.'GF!;!<&0),.!1H!7'0,)!&.!'==,=!01!LQ!<&0),.!1H!*&;09),!01!1M0'&/!08,!.'G!)'0&1!'.!L!N!3
B
´ LQ
Q9'/0&0G 1H *&<A L
Þ! "! $ + B =
Q9'/0&0G 1H 7'0,) æ $ ö 3
ç $ + B ´ LQ ÷ + ;
è ø
3K L
Þ !"
7+ ; 3
3
Þ ;!"! $$ !<&0),.
L
3
O,/:,F! $$ !<&0),.!1H!7'0,)!*9.0!M,!'==,=!01!08,!*&;09),5
L
35 T8,!)'0&1!1H!*&<A!'/=!7'0,)4*&<A!*&;09),!&.!3!N!L5!O17!*9:8!7'0,)!.819<=!M,!'==,=!01!C?!<&0),.!1H!08,!*&;09),
01!*'A,!08,!)'0&1!1H!*&<A!'/=!*&;09),!'.!$!N!L!D
J'0*&$'%
6/!08&.!-)1M<,*F!7,!'),!:1/:,)/,=!7&08!08,!)'0&1!1H!*&<A!'/=!*&;09),5
Q9'/0&0G 1H *&<A 3
&5,5 Q9'/0&0G 1H *&;09), !"! L I(&v,/J

N17F!.'GF!;!<&0),.!1H!7'0,)!&.!'==,=!01!C?!<&0),.!1H!*&;09),!01!1M0'&/!/,7!)'0&1!'.!$!N!L5!T8,!29'/0&0G!1H!*&;09),
M,:1*,.!IC?!+!;J
3
Q9'/0&0G 1H *&<A ´ C?
Þ !"! L+ 3 $
Q9'/0&0G 1H *&;09), =
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\3.Partnership, Mixtures and Alligations (Th + Ex.).p65

C? + ; L
Þ ;!"!C?!<&0),.
T8,),H1),F!C?!<&0),.!1H!7'0,)!.819<=!M,!'==,=5
I%-3"+>"%&./"-#'+8
L5 6/!7?!<&0),.!1H!'!*&;09),!1H!*&<A!'/=!7'0,)F!08,!29'/0&0G!1H!7'0,)!&.!$?R5!O17!*9:8!7'0,)!.819<=!M,!'==,=!.1
08'0!/,7!*&;09),!*'G!:1/0'&/!3QR5
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L,0!08,!29'/0&0G!1H!01!M,!'==,=!"!;!<&0),.
($?R1H 7?) + ;
\!/,7!-,):,/0'(,!1H!7'0,)!&/!08,!*&;09),!"! !´!$??R!"!3QR
( 7? + ;)
N,7!-,):,/0'(,!1H!7'0,)!"!3QR!I(&v,/J
($?R1H 7?) + ;
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7? + ;
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O,/:,!08,!29'/0&0G!1H!7'0,)!01!M,!'==,=!"!$B!<&0),.5

41

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Class X
B5 +'*!'==.!$!<&0),!1H!7'0,)!01!Q!<&0),.!1H!'!3?R!.1<90&1/F!1H!'<:181<!&/!7'0,)5!W8'0!&.!08,!H&/'<!.0),/(08!1H!'<:181<D
J'0*&$'%
T8,!-)1M<,*!'.A.!01!H&/=!08,!H&/'<!.0),/(08!1H!'<:181<!&5,5!R!'<:181<!&/!.1<90&1/5!O,),!1/,!<&0),!1H!7'0,)!&.!1/<G
'==,=5

'<:181<
O,/:,F!7,!'),!:1/:,)/,=!7&08!08,!
.1<90&1/

29'/0&0G 1H '<:181<
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3?R 1H Q
"! ´!$??R
Q+$

$!<&0),!1H!7'0,)!'==,=!&/:),'.,.!08,!.1<90&1/!MG!$!<&0),

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8$)&*+"-$%-#'*%7-,"3.+.&"01-.%7-&6","-.77"7-&'-#$%7-&6"-D*.%&$&1-$%-&6"-#$%.0-8$)&*+"4
"4/4-O%"-8$)&*+"-'#-P-:/->'%&.$%,-?-.%7-B-$%-&6"-+.&$'-.-:-b
?%'&6"+-8$)&*+"-'#-G-:/->'%&.$%,-?-.%7-B-$%-&6"-+.&$'-)-:-1
N'29-&6","-&2'-8$)&*+",-.+"-8$)"7-&'-#'+8-.-%"2-8$)&*+"4
I%-&6"-%"2-8$)&*+"-<#$%.0-8$)&*+"=9

D*.%&$&1 '# ? D*.%&$&1 '# ? $% #$+,& 8$)&*+" + $% ,">'%7 8$)&*+"

-M-
D*.%&$&1 '# B D*.%&$&1 '# B $% #$+,& 8$)&*+" + $% ,">'%7 8$)&*+"

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\3.Partnership, Mixtures and Alligations (Th + Ex.).p65

æ . ö æ ) ö
ç . + b ÷P +ç ) + 1 ÷G
è ø è ø
M- <U,$%/-R*0"-L=
æ b ö æ 1 ö
ç . + b ÷P +ç ) + 1 ÷G
è ø è ø

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 Mathematics

1.1
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Class X

1.1
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 Mathematics
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Class X

1.1
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 Mathematics

1.1
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Class X
Partnership, Mixtures And Alligation SOLVED EXAMPLES
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 Mathematics

Simple And Compound

CHAPTER
4 Interest, Installments

4.1

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 Mathematics

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N*/*'L!'<'C84F'3!'<'BF'L5''<'D84F'35'<'8"
U+$%g'()*'71/,2.0F
L5 3! - L!35
='<' 3! - 35
D84 ´ B - C84 ´ 8
W*'g*(F ='<' '<'3+"!44
B- 8
L.+1F'2+$%g'()*'71/,2.0F
æ L! - L5 ö
>'<' ç L 3 - L 3 ÷ ´!44
è 5 ! ! 5ø

æ C84 - D84 ö
G*'g*(F >'<' ç ÷ ´!44'<'8'9*0/+"
è D84 ´ B - C84 ´ 8 ø

60

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 Mathematics

4.7
!"#'(#'5*4(&#$>#/3(&#'&#%-5,/3#-(&3+3%&#+'&3#*"#1>%#,3+#'((45#'()#'(*&23+#'5*4(&#$2#'&#%-5,/3
-(&3+3%&#+'&3#*"#12%#,3+#'((450#&23(#&23#+'&3#*"#-(&3+3%&#"*+#&23#w2*/3#%45#-%

æ $>1> + $21 2 ö
1#=# ç $ + $ ÷.
è > 2 ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.7
M1)0%'&*-1+$(+'3+"8444'$%'N:C'0('56'-*/'0%%2,'0%&'3+"'5444'$%',2(20.'72%&+'0('C6'-*/'0%%2,"'#$%&'()*
/0(*'17'$%(*/*+('71/'()*'G)1.*'+2,"
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'=!'<'8444F'3!'<'5F'=5'<'5444F'35'<'C"
U+$%g'()*'71/,2.0

æ =!3! + =5 35 ö
3'<' ç = + = ÷
è ! 5 ø

8444 ´ 5 + 5444 ´ C C
W*'g*( 3'<' '<' 5 6"
8444 + 5444 B

4.8
!"#'#.3+&'-(#%45#*"#5*(38#-%#/3(&#*4&#-(#(#,'+&%#-(#%4.2#'#5'((3+#&2'&#3q4'/#%45#*"#5*(38#-%#*7&'-(3)
'%#%-5,/3#-(&3+3%&#*(#3'.2#,'+&#w23+3#-(&3+3%&#+'&3%#'+3#1>0#120#...#0#1(0#+3%,3.&-A3/8#'()#&-53#,3+-*)%
'+3#6>0#62#0#....#0#6(#0#+3%,3.&-A3/80#&23(#&23#+'&-*#-(#w2-.2#&23#%45#w-//#73#)-A-)3)#-(#(#,'+&%#-%#g-A3(
78

> > >

: : ... .
1>6> 1 2 62 1 ( 6(

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.8
!" ;7'0'+2,'17'3+"'!?44'$+'&$v$&*&'$%(1'(G1'+2M)'-0/(+'()0('()*'+$,-.*'$%(*/*+('1%'()*'7$/+('-0/('71/'(G1'0%&')0.7
9*0/+'0('()*'/0(*'17'C6'-"0"'*q20.+'()*'+$,-.*'$%(*/*+('1%'()*'+*M1%&'-0/('71/'8'9*0/+'0('()*'/0(*'17'D6'-"0"F
()*%'7$%&'(G1'+2M)'&$v$+$1%+'17'()*'+2,"
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\4.Simple and compound interest (Th + Ex.).p65

:*/4&-*(
30($1'17'1%*'-0/('(1'1()*/'-0/('17'3+"'!?44

! !
<' 3 > : 3 >
! ! 5 5

! !
\ !+('-0/(':'5%&'-0/('<' :
C ´ 8/ 5 D ´ 8
[N*/*'3!'<'C6'-"0"F'>!'<'8/5'9*0/+F'35'<'D6'-"0"F'>5'<'8'9*0/+]
! !
1/F !+('-0/(':'5%&'-0/('<' : '<'D':'5
!4 !8
:2,'17'-/1-1/($1%0.+'<'D'@'5'<'8
D
\ !+('-0/('<' ´'!?44'<'3+"'E?
8

5
0%& 5%&'-0/('<' ´'!?44'<'3+"'?C4"
8
61

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X
5" ;7'3+"A8'0,12%(+'(1'3+"'E8'$%'D'9*0/+F'G)0('3+"'!45'G$..'0,12%('(1'$%'8'9*0/+'0('()*'+0,*'/0(*'-*/'M*%(H
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'=!'<'3+"A8F'L!'<'3+"E8F'>!'<'D'9*0/+F'=5'<'3+"'!45F'>5'<'8'9/+F'3!'<'35'<'3'I+09K
>)*%F'2+$%g'()*'71/,2.0

L! - =! =! ´ 3! ´ >!
L5 - =5 '<' =5 ´ 3 5 ´ >5

E8 - A8 A8 ´ 3 ´ D
W*')0v* L5 - !45 '<' !45 ´ 3 ´ 8

Þ L5'J'!45'<'54
Þ L5'<'!55
\ >)*'0,12%('$+'3+"'!55"
D" O2('17'0'M*/(0$%'+2,F'1%*-()$/&'$+'$%v*+(*&'0('D6F'1%*-+$x()'0('?6'0%&'()*'/*+('0('A6"';7'()*'0%%20.'$%M1,*'$+
3+"'D44F'()*%'()*'1/$g$%0.'+2,'$+
:*/4&-*(

! ! ! !
N*/* = F' = F
0 D O ?

! æ ! !ö !
<'!'J' ç + ÷ <' F
M è D ?ø 5

L ´ !44
\ >)*'1/$g$%0.'+2,<' 3! + 35 + 3D
0 O M

D44 ´ !44
D4444
<' D + ? + A '<'
D ? 5 ?

<'3+"'8444"

4.9
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\4.Simple and compound interest (Th + Ex.).p65
;-< 623#'5*4(&#9#)43#'"&3+#&#83'+%0#w23(#'#,+-(.-,'/#$#-%#g-A3(#*(#.*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&#'&#&23#+'&3#1%
,3+#'((45#-%#g-A3(#78

&
9#=# $ æç >+ 1 ö÷ .
è >?? ø

;--< C*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&0#C!#=#9#–#$

é 1 ö
& ù
=# $ êæç >+ ÷ – >ú
>?? ø
ëêè úû

éæ 9 ö>/& ù
;---< 1'&3#*"#-(&3+3%&0#1#=# êç ÷ – >ú %#,.'.
$
ëêè ø úû

N*&3#:#:-5,/3#-(&3+3%&#'()#.*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&#"*+#>#83'+#'&#'#g-A3(#+'&3#*"#-(&3+3%&#,3+#'((45#'+3
'/w'8%#3q4'/.

62

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 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.9
!" M1)0%'$%v*+(*&'0%'0,12%('17'3+"'!8444'0('M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('/0(*'86'-*/'0%%2,'71/'0'-*/$1&'17'5'9*0/+"
W)0('0,12%('G$..')*'/*M*$v*'0('()*'*%&'17'5'9*0/+H
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'='<'!8444F'3'<'8'0%&'('<'5"
(
æ 3 ö
\ L,12%( <'= ç ! + ÷
è !44 ø

5 5
æ 8 ö æ !ö
<'!8444 ç ! + ÷ '<'!8444 ç ! + ÷
è !44 ø è 54 ø

!8444 ´ 5! ´ 5!
<' '<'3+"'!?8DB"84"
54 ´ 54
5" #$%&'M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('1%'3+"'8444'71/'5'9*0/+'0('C6'-*/'0%%2,"
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'='<'8444F'3'<'C'0%&'('<'5"

éæ ( ù
3 ö
\ =
C;'<' çê ! + ÷ - !ú
êëè !44 ø úû

éæ 5 ù
C ö
<' 8444 ê ç ! + ÷ - !ú
êëè !44 ø úû

éæ 5? ö5 ù
<' 8444 êç 58 ÷ - !ú '<'8444II!"4CK5'J!K
ëêè ø úû
<'8444I!"4A!?'J'!K'<'3+"'C4A"
\ >)*'M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('$+'3+"'C4A"
D" 30+)$'$%v*+(*&'3+"'!?444'71/'(G1'9*0/+'0('M12,-12%&'$%(*/*+('0%&'/*M*$v*&'0%'0,12%('17'3+"'!B?C4'1%
,0(2/$(9"'W)0('$+'()*'/0(*'17'$%(*/*+('H
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'='<'!?444F'('<'5'0%&'L'<'!B?C4"
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\4.Simple and compound interest (Th + Ex.).p65

éæ L ö!/ ( ù
\ 3'<' !44 êç = ÷ - !ú 6'-"0"
ëêè ø úû

éæ !B?C4 ö!/ 5 ù
<' !44 êç ÷ - !ú 6'-"0"
ëêè !?444 ø ûú

éæ CC! ö!/ 5 ù
<' !44 êç ÷ - !ú 6'-"0"
êëè C44 ø úû

é ! ù
5´
ê æ 5! ö 5
!44 ç ÷ - !ú
<' êè 54 ø ú 6'-"0"
ëê úû

!
<'!44'´' <86'-"0"
54

63

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

4.10
!"#&23#-(&3+3%&#-%#.*5,*4()3)#2'/"-83'+/80#&23(
2&
æ 1 ö
;-< 95*4(&0#9#=#$ ç >+ .
è >?? @ 2 ÷ø
;--< C*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&0#C!

éæ 1 ö
2& ù
=# $ êç>+ >?? @ 2 ÷ – >ú
êëè ø úû

é >
@2 ù
ê æ 9 ö&
;---< 1'&30#1#=#2#´# >?? ç ÷ – >ú %#,.'.
êè $ ø ú
ëê úû

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.10
#$%&'()*'0,12%('17'3+"'A444'$%'1%*'0%&')0.7'9*0/+'0('86'-*/'0%%2,'M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('-090O.*')0.7-9*0/.9"
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'='<'A444F'3'<'8'0%&'('<'D/5"
5(
æ 3 ö
\ L,12%( <' = ç ! + ÷
è !44 ´ 5 ø
D
5´ D
æ 8 ö 5 æ C! ö
<'A444 ç ! + ÷ '<'A444 ç ÷
è !44 ´ 5 ø è C4 ø

A444 ´ C!´ C! ´ C!
<' '<'3+"'A?!8"!D"
C4 ´ C4 ´ C4

4.11
!"#&23#-(&3+3%&#-%#.*5,*4()3)#q4'+&3+/80#&23(
4&
æ $ ö
;-< 95*4(&0#9#=# $ ç >+
è >?? @ 4 ÷ø
;--< C*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&0#C!

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\4.Simple and compound interest (Th + Ex.).p65

éæ 1 ö
4& ù
=# $ êç >+ ÷ – >ú
êëè >?? @ 4 ø úû

é >
@4 ù
êæ 9 ö & – >ú
;---< 1'&30#1#=#4#´#>?? êç ÷ ú %#,.'.
è$ø
êë úû
!(#g3(3+'/0#-"#&23#-(&3+3%&#-%#.*5,*4()3)#(#&-53%#'#83'+0#&23(
(@&
1
;'<#95*4(&0#9#=# $ æç >+ ö
÷
è >?? @ ( ø

éæ 1 ö
(@&
ù
ê
;7<#C*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&0#C!#=#$# ç >+ ÷ – >ú
ëêè >?? @ ( ø úû

é >
@( ù
êæ 9 ö
&
– >ú
ç ÷
;.<#1'&3#*"#-(&3+3%&0#1#=#(#@##>??# êè $ ø ú #%#,.'.
êë ûú
64

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.11
!" #$%&'()*'M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('1%'3+"'!444'0('C46'-*/'0%%2,'M1,-12%&*&'q20/(*.9'71/'!'9*0/"
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'='<'!444F'3'<'C4'0%&'('<'!"
\ C1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('IC;K
éæ C´( ù
3 ö
<' = êç ! + !44 ´ C ÷ - !ú
ëêè ø ûú
éæ C4 ö
C´! ù éæ !! ö C ù
<' !444 êç ! + - !ú '<' !444 êç ÷ - !ú
êëè !44 ´ C ÷ø úû êëè !4 ø úû

é !C?C! - !4444 ù
<' !444 ê úû '<'3+"'C?C"!4"
ë !4444
5" #$%&'()*'M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('1%'3+"'C444'0('5C6'-*/'0%%2,'71/'D',1%()+F'M1,-12%&*&',1%().9"
:*/4&-*(
D
N*/*'='<'C444F'3'<'5C'0%&'('<' "
!5

éæ 3 ö
!5´ (
ù
\ C;'<'=' ê ç ! + ÷ - !ú
êëè !44 ´ !5 ø úû

é !5´
D
ù
êæ ! + 5C ö !5 ú
<'C444' êçè - !
!44 ´ !5 ÷ø ú
êë úû

éæ 8! öD ù C444 ´ B?8!
<'C444' êç 84 ÷ - !ú = 84 ´ 84 ´ 84
ëêè ø úû
<'3+"'5CC"AD

4.12
W23(#&23#+'&3%#*"#-(&3+3%&#'+3#)-""3+3(&#"*+#)-""3+3(&#83'+%0#%'8#1>#0#120#13#,3+#.3(&#"*+#"-+%&0#%3.*()
'()#&2-+)#83'+0#+3%,3.&-A3/80#&23(
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\4.Simple and compound interest (Th + Ex.).p65

1 1 1
95*4(&#=# $ æç >+ > ö÷ æç >+ 2 ö÷ æç >+ 3 ö÷
è >?? øè >?? øè >?? ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.12
L%2'$%v*+(+'3+"'8444'$%'0'O1%&'G)$M)'g$v*+'$%(*/*+('0('C6'-*/'0%%2,'&2/$%g'()*'7$/+('9*0/F'86'&2/$%g'()*
+*M1%&'9*0/'0%&'!46'&2/$%g'()$/&'9*0/"'N1G',2M)'&1*+'+)*'g*('0('()*'*%&'17'()*'()$/&'9*0/"
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'='<'8444F'3!'<'CF'35'<'8'0%&'3D'<'!4"
\ L,12%('0('()*'*%&'17'()$/&'9*0/

æ 3! öæ 35 öæ 3D ö
<' = ç ! + ÷ç ! + ÷ç ! + ÷
è !44 øè !44 øè !44 ø

æ C öæ 8 öæ !4 ö
<' 8444 ç ! + ÷ç ! + ÷ç ! + ÷
è !44 øè !44 øè !44 ø

5? 5! !!
<'8444'´' ´ ´ '<'3+"'?44?"
58 54 !4

65

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Class X

4.13
D
W23(#&23#&-53#-%#g-A3(#-(#&23#"*+5#*"#"+'.&-*(0#%'8# #83'+%0#&23(
C

æ 3 ö
3
ç 1÷
æ 1 ö
95*4(&#=# $ ç >+ ÷ @ ç >+ 4 ÷ .
è >?? ø çç >?? ÷
÷
è ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.13
W)0('G$..'O*'()*'M1,-12%*&'$%(*/*+('1%'3+"!8?58'71/'(G1'0%&')0.7'9*0/+'0('C6'-*/'0%%2,H

:*/4&-*(

é æ !ö ù
êæ 5 C´ ÷ ú
C ö ç 5 -!
C;'<' !8?58 êç ! + ÷ ç! + ÷ ú
ê è !44 ø ç !44 ÷ ú
ëê è ø úû

é 5? 5? 8! ù
<' !8?58 ê ´ ´ -!
ë 58 58 84 úû

!8?58 ´ D55?
<' '<'3+"'!?!D"
D!584

4.14
;-< 623#)-""3+3(.3#73&w33(#&23#.*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&#'()#&23#%-5,/3#-(&3+3%&#*(#'#.3+&'-(#%45#*"#5*(38
"*+#2#83'+%#'&#1%#,3+#'((45#-%#g-A3(#78

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\4.Simple and compound interest (Th + Ex.).p65

2
æ 1 ö
C!#–#:!#=# $ ç ÷ [-(#&3+5%#*"#$#'()#1]
è >?? ø

1 @ :!
'() C!#–#:!#=# [-(#&3+5%#*"#:!#'()#1]
2@>??

;--< 623#)-""3+3(.3#73&w33(#&23#.*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&#'()#&23#%-5,/3#-(&3+3%&#*(#'#.3+&'-(#%45#*"#5*(38
"*+#2#83'+%#'&#1%#,3+#'((45#-%#g-A3(#78

éæ 1 ö3 æ 1 ö2 ù
C!#–#:!#=# $ êç ÷ + ç >?? ÷ ú [-(#&3+5%#*"#$#'()#1]
êëè >?? ø è ø úû

:! éæ 1 ö æ 1 öù
2
'()0#C!#–#:!#=# êç ÷ + 3ç ÷ú [-(#&3+5%#*"#:!#'()#1]
3 êè >?? ø è >?? ø úû
ë

66

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.14
!" W)0('G$..'O*'()*'&$77*/*%M*'O*(G**%'+$,-.*'0%&'M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('1%'0'+2,'17'3+"C844'-2('71/'5'9*0/+'0('86
-*/'0%%2,H
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'='<'C844'0%&'3'<'8"
5 5
æ 3 ö æ 8 ö C844
\'C;'J':;'<' = ç ÷ '<'C844 ç ÷ '<' '<'3+"'!!'´'58"
è !44 ø è !44 ø 54 ´ 54

5" ;7'()*'&$77*/*%M*'O*(G**%'()*'M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('0%&'+$,-.*'$%(*/*+('1%'0'M*/(0$%'+2,'17',1%*9'71/'D'9*0/+'0(
86'-*/'0%%2,'$+'3+"'?!F'7$%&'()*'+2,"
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'C;'J':;'<'?!'0%&'3'<'8"

éæ 3 öD æ 3 ö5 ù
\ C;'J':;'<' = êç !44 ÷ + ç !44 ÷ ú
ëêè ø è ø ûú

éæ 8 öD æ 8 ö ù
5

Þ ?!'<' = êç !44 ÷ + Dç !44 ÷ ú

ëêè ø è ø ûú

éæ ! öD æ !ö ù
5

<' = ê ç ÷ + D ç ÷ ú
êëè 54 ø è 54 ø úû

é ! + D ´ 54 ù é ?! ù
<' = ê '<' = ê
ë 54 ´ 54 ´ 54 úû ë 54 ´ 54 ´ 54 úû
Þ ='<'3+"'A444"

4.15
!"#'#.3+&'-(#%45#73.*53%#(#&-53%#-(#&#83'+%#'&#.*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&0
&23(#&23#%'53#%45#73.*53%#(5#&-53%#-(#5&#83'+%.

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.15
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\4.Simple and compound interest (Th + Ex.).p65

L'+2,'17',1%*9'-.0M*&'0('M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('&12O.*+'$(+*.7'$%'D'9*0/+"';%')1G',0%9'9*0/+'G$..'$('0,12%('(1'712/
($,*+'$(+*.7'H
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'%'<'5F'('<'D'0%&','<'5
\'>)*'g$v*%'+2,'17',1%*9'G$..'O*M1,*+'712/'($,*+'$(+*.7'$%',(F'$"*"F'5'´'D'<'?'9*0/+"

4.16
!"#'#.3+&'-(#%45#73.*53%#(#&-53%#-(#&#83'+%0#&23(#&23#+'&3#*"#.*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&#-%#g-A3(#78
1#=#>??[;(<>/&#–>].

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.16
L('G)0('/0(*'-*/'M*%('M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('&1*+'0'+2,'17',1%*9'O*M1,*+'712/-71.&'$%'5'9*0/+H
:*/4&-*(
>)*'/*q2$/*&'/0(*'-*/'M*%('$+
3'<'!44[I%K!/('J'!]'<'!44[ICK!/5'J'!]
<'!44I5'J'!K'<'!446" [N*/*'%'<'C'0%&'('<'5]

67

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

4.17
!"#'#.3+&'-(#%45#*"#5*(38#'&#.*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&#'5*4(&%#&*#1%.#x#-(#9#83'+%#'()#&*#1%.#8#-(#B
83'+%#&23(#&23#+'&3#*"#-(&3+3%&#,3+#'((45#-%

éæ 8 ö>/B- 9 ù
1#=# êç x ÷ – >ú #´#>??%.
êëè ø úû

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.17
L'+2,'17',1%*9'0('M1,-12%&'$%(*/*+('0,12%(+'(1'3+"'C484'$%'1%*'9*0/'0%&'(1'3+"CB5D"E5'$%'D'9*0/+"'#$%&
()*'/0(*'17'$%(*/*+('-*/'0%%2,"
:*/4&-*(
N*/*'x'<'C484F'9'<'CB5D"E5F'L'<'!'0%&'B'<'D"
éæ 9 ö!/ B- L ù
\ 3'<' êç x ÷ - !ú '´'!446
êëè ø úû

éæ CB5D"E5 ö!/ 5 ù
<' êç C484 ÷ - !ú '´'!446
êëè ø úû

æ 5B ö
<' ç - !÷ '´'!446'<'A6"
è 58 ø

4.18
!"#'#/*'(#*"#1%.#$#'&#1%#.*5,*4()#-(&3+3%&#,3+#'((45#-%#&*#73#+3,'-)#-(#(#3q4'/#83'+/8#-(%&'/53(&%0
&23(#&23#A'/43#*"#3'.2#-(%&'/53(&#-%#g-A3(#78

$
1%. 2 (
æ >?? ö æ >?? ö æ >?? ö .
ç >?? + 1 ÷ + ç >?? + 1 ÷ + ... ç >?? + 1 ÷
è ø è ø è ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 4.18
D
;7'0'+2,'17'3+"'!D4C4'$+'(1'O*'-0$&'O0Mk'$%'(G1'*q20.'0%%20.'$%+(0.,*%(+'0(' D 6'-*/'0%%2,F'G)0('$+'()*

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\4.Simple and compound interest (Th + Ex.).p65

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 Mathematics

CHAPTER
5 Ratio And Proportion

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2 4
(1)',4;"%9&#4"$,4"-'0#%9"+#'+'#%&',$8(6
H1#1"$;"4"$#1"=,'.,"$("1?%#1*1("$,4"2;")"$#1"=,'.,"$("*1$,(6

5.4
7-"-'0#"/0$,%&%&1("$#1"&,"+#'+'#%&',;"%91,
(&) P#'40)%"'-"*1$,("="P#'40)%"'-"1?%#1*1(
>'#"1?$*+81;"&,"%91"+#'+'#%&',"$":"2"::")":"4;".1"9$51"2)"="$46
!"#$%&'(#)(*+,-.

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65

,((0(((1(((0(((0((&(((0((($

!"#$%&'(#)(+/'"+*+.
>#'*"%9&("#18$%&',;".1"(11"%9$%"&-"$,3"%9#11"'-"%91"-'0#"/0$,%&%&1("$#1":&51,;"%91"-'0#%9")$,"21
41%1#*&,146

5.5
>'0#%9"+#'+'#%&',$8
7-"$":"2"::")":"?;"?"&(")$8814"%91"-'0#%9"+#'+'#%&',$8"'-"$;"2;")6
$ ) 2×)
W1"9$51 = "'#;"?"=" 6
2 ? $

2×)
<90(;"-'0#%9"+#'+'#%&',$8"'-"$;"2;")"&("
$
80

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 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.1
23-$(,()#%"'4(5"#5#"'3#-,6('#('4+(-%*1+".(78(98(:;
S'80%&',
<+'(/(1+('4+()#%"'4(5"#5#"'3#-,68('4+-

7 :
7(0(9(00(:(0(/(#"( = ;
9 /

9´ :
/(=( (=(>?;
7

5.6
<9&#4"+#'+'#%&',$8
7-"$":"2::"2":"?;"?"&(")$8814"%91"%9&#4"+#'+'#%&',$8"'-"$;"26

$ 2 2B
W1"9$51 = "'#"?"=" 6
2 ? $

2
<90(;"%9&#4"+#'+'#%&',$8"'-"$;"2"&(" 6
$

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.2
23-$(,('43"$(5"#5#"'3#-,6('#('4+(-%*1+".(7;98(>;9;
S'80%&',
<+'(/(1+('4+('43"$(5"#5#"'3#-,68('4+-

7;9 >;9
7(´(9(0(>(´(9(00(>(´(9(0(/(#"( (=( ;
>;9 /

>;9 ´ >;9
/(=( (=(?;@
7;9

5.7
M1$,"+#'+'#%&',$8
7-"$":"?"::"?":"2;"?"&(")$8814"%91"*1$,"'#"(1)',4"+#'+'#%&',$8"'-"$;"26
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65

$ ?
W1"9$51 = "'#"?B"="$2"'#"?"=" $2 6
? 2

\"M1$,"+#'+'#%&',$8"'-"$"$,4"2"&(" $2 6
W1"$8('"($3"%9$%"$;"?;"2"$#1"&,")',%&,014"+#'+'#%&',6

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.3
23-$('4+(*+,-(5"#5#"'3#-,6(1+'A++-(:B(,-$(>7;
S'80%&',
<+'(/(1+('4+(*+,-(5"#5#"'3#-,6;(C4+-8

:B /
:B(0(/8(0(0(/(0(>7(#"( =
/ >7
#"8 /7(=(9DE(#"8(/(=(7:;

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Class X

5.8
$ )
7-" = ;"%91,
2 4

$+2 )+4
(&)" =" "(C'*+',1,4')
2 4

$–2 )–4
(&&)" "=" "(D&5&41,4')
2 4

$+2 )+4
(&&&)" "=" "(C'*+',1,4'"$,4"4&5&41,4')
$–2 )–4

$ $+) $–)
(&5)" "=" "=" 6
2 2+4 2–4

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.4
5
C4+(.%*(#)('A#(-%*1+".(3.(&(,-$('4+3"(F%#'3+-'(3.( ;(23-$('4+(-%*1+".;
F
S'80%&',
<+'('4+(-%*1+".(1+(/8(G;
H3I+- /(+(G(=(& ;;;(>)

/ 5
,-$8 = ;;;(7)
G F

/ 5
\ (=(
/+G 5+F

/ 5
Þ =5+F [U.3-g((>)]
&

5&
Þ /(=( ;
5+F
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65

5.9
(&) 7-"%.'",0*21#("$#1"&,"%91"#$%&'"'-"$":"2"$,4"%91"(0*"'-"%91(1",0*21#("&("?;"%91,"%91(1",0*21#(".&88
$? 2?
21" "$,4" ;"#1(+1)%&51836"'#
$+2 $+2

7-"&,"$"*&?%0#1"'-"?"8&%#1(6"%.'"8&/0&4("!"$,4"B"$#1"&,"%91"#$%&'"'-"$":"2;"%91,"%91"/0$,%&%&1("'-"8&/0&4(
$? 2?
!"$,4"B"&,"%91"*&?%0#1".&88"21" "8&%#1("$,4" "8&%#1(;"#1(+1)%&51836
$+2 $+2

(&&) 7-"%9#11",0*21#("$#1"&,"%91"#$%&'"'-"$":"2":")"$,4"%91"(0*"'-"%91(1",0*21#("&("?;"%91,"%91(1",0*21#(
$? 2? )?
.&88"21" ; "$,4" ;"#1(+1)%&51836
$+2+) $+2+) $+2+)

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 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.5
>; CA#(-%*1+".(,"+(3-('4+(",'3#(#)(:(0(9(,-$('4+(.%*(#)('4+.+(-%*1+".(3.(7D;(23-$('4+('A#(-%*1+".;
S'80%&',
H+"+(,(=(:8(1(=(9(,-$(/(=(7D;

,/ : ´ 7D
\(C4+()3.'(-%*1+"(=( = (=(>7
,+ 1 :+ 9

1/ 9 ´ 7D
,-$8('4+(.+&#-$(-%*1+"(=( (=( (=(>9;
,+1 :+ 9
7; C4"++(-%*1+".(,"+(3-('4+(",'3#(#)(3(0(:(0(B(,-$('4+(.%*(#)('4+.+(-%*1+".(3.(@D9;(23-$('4+('4"++(-%*1+".;(H+"+
,(=(38(1(=(:8(&(=(B(,-$(/(=(@D9;
,/ 3 ´ @D9
\(C4+()3".'(-%*1+"(=( (=( =(>@9;
,+1+& 3+ :+ B

1/ : ´ @D9
C4+(.+&#-$(-%*1+"(=( = =(7E?;
,+ 1+ & 3+ :+ B

&/ B ´ @D9
,-$8('4+('43"$(-%*1+"(=( (=( (=(97?;
,+1+& 3+ :+ B

5.10
7-"%.'",0*21#("$#1"&,"%91"#$%&'"'-"$":"2"$,4"4&--1#1,)1"21%.11,"%91(1",0*21#("&("?;"%91,"%91(1
,0*21#(".&88"21

$? 2?
(&)" "$,4" ;"#1(+1)%&5183"(.91#1"$">"2")
$–2 $–2

$? 2?
(&&)" "$,4" ;"#1(+1)%&5183"(.91#1"$"<"2)6
2–$ 2–$

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.6
CA#(-%*1+".(,"+(3-('4+(",'3#(#)(:(0(9;(I)('4+($3))+"+-&+(1+'A++-('4+.+(-%*1+".(3.(7:8('4+-()3-$('4+(-%*1+".;
S'80%&',
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65

H+"+(,(=(:8(1(=(9(,-$(/(=(7:;

,/ : ´ 7:
\(C4+()3".'(-%*1+"(=( (=( (=(@E;
1-, 9-:

1/ 9 ´ 7:
,-$('4+(.+&#-$(-%*1+"(=( (=( (=(>7?;
1-, 9- :

5.11
(&) 7- $":"2"=",1":"41"$,4"2":")"=",B":"4B;"%91,
$":"2":")"="(,1"´",B)":"(41"´",B)":"(41"´"4B)
(&&) 7- $":"2"=",1:41;"2":")"=",B":"4B
$,4 )":"4"=",3":"43;"%91,
$":"2":")":"4"="(,1"´",B"´",3)":"(41"´",B"´",3)":"(41"´"4B"´",3)":"(41"´"4B"´"43)6

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Class X

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.7
>; I)(A(0(B(=(3(0(:(,-$(B(0(C(=(B(0(@8()3-$(A(0(B(0(C;
S'80%&',
H+"+(->(=(38(-7(=(B8($>(=(:(,-$($7(=(@;
,(0(1(0(&(=((->(´(-7)(0(($>(´(-7)(0(($>(´($7)
((=((3(´(B)(0((:(´(B)(0((:(´(@)
((((((((((=(7:(0(37(0(3E(#"8(E(0(B(0(@;
7; I)(A(0(B(=(7(0(38(B(0(C(=(:(0(9(,-$(C(0(D(=(E;D8()3-$(A(0(D;
S'80%&',
H+"+(->(=(78(-7(=(:8(-3(=(E8($>(=(38($7(=(9((,-$($3(=(D;
\ A(0(B(0(C(0(D(=((->(´(-7(´(-3)(0(($>(´(-7(´(-3)(0(($>(´($7(:(-3)(0(($>(´($7(´($3)
=((7(´(:(´(E)(0((3(´(:(´(E)(0((3(´(9(´(E)(0((3(´(9(´(D)
=(:B(0(D7(0(@?(0(>?9(#"(8(>E(0(7:(0(3?(0(39;
C4%.8 A(0(D(=(>E(0(39;

5.12
(&) <91"#$%&'"21%.11,"%.'",0*21#("&("$:2;"7-"?"&("$4414"%'"1$)9"'-"%91(1",0*21#(;"%91"#$%&'"21)'*1(
)":"46"<91"%.'",0*21#("$#1":&51,"$(:
$?() – 4) 2?() – 4)
"$,4"
$4 – 2) $4 – 2)
E?+8$,$%&',":
<+'('A#(-%*1+".(1+(,k(,$(1k;

,k - / &
H3I+-( = Þ(,k$(–($/(=(+(&/
1k + / $
Þ(k(,$(–(1&)(=(/(&(–($)
/(& - $)
Þ(k(=(
,$ - 1&

,/($ - &) 1/($ - &)

C4+"+)#"+8('4+('A#(-%*1+".(,"+( (,-$(
,$ - 1& ,$ - 1&
(&&) <91"#$%&'"21%.11,"%.'",0*21#("&("$":"26"7-"?"&("(02%#$)%14"-#'*"1$)9"'-"%91(1",0*21#(;"%91"#$%&'
21)'*1(")":"46"<91"%.'",0*21#("$#1":&51,"$(":
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65

$?(4 – )) 2?(4 – ))
" "$,4"
$4 – 2) $4 – 2)

E?+8$,$%&',":
<+'('4+('A#(-%*1+".(1+(,k(,-$(1k;

,k - / &
H3I+-( = Þ(,k$(–(/$(=(1&k(–(/&
1k - / $
Þ(k(,$(–(1&)(=(/($(–(&)

/($ - &)
Þ(k(=( ;
,$ - 1&

,/($ - &) 1/($ - &)

C4+"+)#"+8('4+('A#(-%*1+"(,"+( (,-$(
,$ - 1& ,$ - 1&

84

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 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.8
>; H3I+-('A#(-%*1+".(A43&4(,"+(3-('4+(",'3#(#)(3(0(:;(I)(B(3.(,$$+$('#(+,&4(#)('4+*8('4+3"(",'3#(3.(&4,-g+$('#(9(0(E;
23-$('4+('A#(-%*1+".;
S'80%&',
W+(4,I+
,(0(1(=(3(0(:8(&(0($(=(9(0(E(,-$(/(=(B;

,/(& - $)
\(C4+()3".'(-%*1+"(=(
,$ - 1&

3 ´ B ´ (9 - E)
(((((=( (=(>7
(3 ´ E - : ´ 9)

1/(& - $)
,-$8('4+(.+&#-$(-%*1+" =(
,$ - 1&

: ´ B ´ (9 - E)
=( (=(>E(;
(3 ´ E - : ´ 9)

7; C4+(",'3#(#)('A#(-%*1+".(3.(9(0@;(I)(+,&4(-%*1+"(3.($+&"+,.+$(1G(98('4+(",'3#(1+&#*+.(9(0(>>;(23-$('4+(-%*1+".;
S'80%&',
W+(4,I+(,(0(1(=(9(0(@8(&(0($(=(9(0(>>(,-$(/(=(9;

,/($ - &)
\(C4+()3".'(-%*1+"(=(
,$ - 1&

9 ´ 9 ´ (>> - 9)
(((((=( (=(>9
(9 ´ >> - @ ´ 9)

1/($ - &)
,-$('4+(.+&#-$(-%*1+" =(
,$ - 1&

@ ´ 9 ´ (>> - 9)
=( (=(7D;
(9 ´ >> - @ ´ 9)

5.13
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65

(&) 7-"%91"#$%&'"'-"%.'",0*21#("&("$":"2;"%91,"%91",0*21#("%9$%"(9'084"21"$4414"%'"1$)9"'-"%91",0*21#(

$4 – 2)
&,"'#41#"%'"*$=1"%9&("#$%&'")":"4"&(":&51,"23" 6
)–4

E?+8$,$%&',:
<+'('4+("+F%3"+$(-%*1+"(1+(/;

,+ / &
H3I+- = Þ(,$(+(/$(=(1&(+(/&
1+ / $

Þ(/($(–(&)(=(1&(–(,$

,$ - 1&
#" /(=( ;
&-$

85

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Class X
(((&&) 7-"%91"#$%&'"'-"%.'",0*21#"&("$":"2;"%91,"%91",0*21#"%9$%"(9'084"21"(02%#$)%14"-#'*"1$)9"'-"%91
,0*21#("&,""'#41#"%'"*$=1"%9&("#$%&'")":"4"&(":&51,"23
2) – $4
;
)–4
E?+8$,$%&',:
<+'('4+("+F%3"+$(-%*1+"(1+(/;
,-/ &
H3I+- = (Þ(,$(–(/$(=(1&(–(/&
1-/ $
(((Þ(/(&(–($)(=(1&(–(,$
1& - ,$
#" /(=( ;
&-$

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.9
>; 23-$('4+(-%*1+"('4,'(*%.'(1+(.%1'",&'+$()"#*('4+('+"*.(#)('4+(",'3#(9(0(E('#(*,k+(3'(+F%,6('#(7(0(3;
S'80%&',
W+(4,I+(,(0(1(=(9(0(E(,-$(&(0($(=(7(0(3;
\ C4+("+F%3"+$(-%*1+"
1& - ,$ E´ 7 - 9´ 3
=( (=( (=(3;
&-$ 7-3
7; 23-$('4+(-%*1+"('4,'(*%.'(1+(,$$+$('#('4+('+"*.(#)('4+(",'3#(>>(0(7@('#(*,k+(3'(+F%,6('#(>>(0(7?;
S'80%&',
W+(4,I+(,(0(1(=(>>(0(7@(,-$(&(0($(=(>>(0(7?;
\(C4+("+F%3"+$(-%*1+"
,$ - 1& >> ´ 7? - 7@ ´ >>
=( (=( (=(>>;
&-$ >> - 7?

5.14
<91#1"$#1"-'0#",0*21#"$;"2;")"$,4"46
(&) <91",0*21#"%9$%"(9'084"21"(02%#$)%14"-#'*"1$)9"'-"%91(1",0*21#"('"%9$%"%91"#1*$&,&,:",0*21#(
*$3"21"+#'+'#%&',$8"&(":&51,"23
$4 – 2)
($ + 4) – (2 + ))
6
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65
E?+8$,$%&',:
<+'(/(1+('4+(.%1'",&'+$()"#*(+,&4(#)('4+(-%*1+".;
C4+("+*,3-$+".(,"+(,(–(/8(1(–(/8(&(–(/(,-$($(–(/;
,-/ &-/
H3I+- =
1-/ $-/
Þ (,(–(/)(($(–(/)(=((1(–(/)((&(–(/)
Þ ,$(–(/(,(+($)(+(/7(=(1&(–(/(1+&)(+(/7
Þ (1(+(&)/(–((,(+($)/(=(1&(–(,$
1& - ,$ 1& - ,$
\ /(=( (#"(
(1 + &) - (, + $) (1 + &) - (, + $)
(&&) <91",0*21#"%9$%"(9'084"21"$4414"%'"1$)9"'-"%91(1",0*21#("('"%9$%"%91",1.",0*21#("*$3"21
+#'+'#%&',$8"&(":&51,"23
2) – $4
6
($ + 4) – (2 + ))

86

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 Mathematics
E?+8$,$%&',
<+'(/(1+(,$$+$('#(+,&4(#)('4+(-%*1+".;
C4+(-+A(-%*1+".(,"+(,(+(/8(1(+(/8(&(+(/(,-$($(+(/;
,+/ &+/
H3I+- = ;
1+/ $+/
Þ (,(+(/)(($(+(/)(=((1(+(/)((&(+(/)
Þ ,$(+(/((,(+($)(+(/7(1&(+(/((1(+(&)(+(/7
Þ (,(+($)(/(–((1(–(&)(/(=(1&(–(,$;

1& - ,$
/(=(
(, + $) - (1 - &)

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.10
23-$('4+(-%*1+"(.%1.'",&'+$()"#*(+,&4(#)('4+(-%*1+".(9:8(D>8(D9(,-$(@@(6+,I+.('4+("+*,3-$+".(A43&4(,"+
5"#5#"'3#-,6;
S'80%&',
W+(4,I+(,(=(9:8(1(=(D>8(&(=(D9(,-$($(=(@@;
,$ - 1& 9: ´ @@ - D> ´ D9
C4+("+F%3"+$(-%*1+"(=( (=( (=(3;
(, + $) - (1 + &) (9: + @@) - (D> + D9)

5.15
<91"&,)'*1("'-"%.'"+1#(',("$#1"&,"%91"#$%&'"'-"$":"2"$,4"%91&#"1?+1,4&%0#1("$#1"&,"%91"#$%&'"'-")":"46
7-"%91"($5&,:"'-"1$)9"+1#(',"21"R("S;"%91,"%91&#"&,)'*1("$#1":&51,"23
$S(4 – )) 2S(4 – ))
R( "$,4"R( 6
$4 – 2) $4 – 2)
$,4"%91&#"1?+1,4&%0#1("$#1":&51,"23
)S(2 – $) 4S(2 – $)
R( "$,4" 6
$4 – 2) $4 – 2)
E?+8$,$%&',:
<+'('4+3"(3-&#*+.(1+(R.;(,k(,-$(R.;(1k8("+.5+&'3I+6G;(S3-&+(+,&4(5+".#-(.,I+.(R.;(S8
\ +/5+-$3'%"+(#)()3".'(5+".#-(=(R.(,k(–(S)
,-$(+/5+-$3'%"+(#)(.+&#-$(5+".#-(=(R.(1k(–(S);
,k - S &
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65

H3I+- (=(
1k - S $
Þ ,k$(–(S$(=(1k&(–(S&;
($ - &)S
Þ k(,$(–(1&)(=(($(–(&)S(#"8(k(=(
,$ - 1&
C4+"+)#"+8('4+(3-&#*+.(#)('A#(5+".#-.(,"+
,($ - &)S 1($ - &)S
(,-$(
,$ - 1& ,$ - 1&
,-$('4+3"(+/5+-$3'%"+.(,"+
,k(–(S(,-$(1k(–(S
,($ - &)S 1($ - &)S
'4,'(3.8( (–(S(,-$( (–(S
,$ - 1& ,$ - 1&

&S(1 - ,) $S(1 - ,)
#" (,-$( ;
,$ - 1& ,$ - 1&
87

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Class X

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 5.11
>; A--%,6(3-&#*+.(#)(A(,-$(B(3.(3-(",'3#(#)(9(0(:(,-$('4+3"(,--%,6(+/5+-.+.(1+,"(,(",'3#(#)(:(0(3;(I)(+,&4(#)('4+*
.,I+.(R.(9??(,'('4+(+-$(#)('4+(G+,"8('4+-()3-$('4+3"(,--%,6(3-&#*+;
S'80%&',
W+(4,I+(,(0(1(=(9(0(:(8(&(0($(=(:(0(3(,-$(S(=(9??8

,S($ - &)
\(A--%,6(3-&#*+(#)(A(=(
,$ - 1&

9 ´ 9?? ´ (3 - :)
=(
(9 ´ 3 - : ´ :)

=(R.(79??;

1S($ - &)
,-$(,--%,6(3-&#*+(#)(B =(
,$ - 1&

: ´ 9?? ´ (3 - :)
=( (9 ´ 3 - : ´ :)

=(R.(7???;
7; C4+(3-&#*+.(#)(M#4,-(,-$(S#4,-(,"+(3-('4+(",'3#(D(0(7(,-$('4+3"(+/5+-$3'%"+.(,"+(3-('4+(",'3#(:(0(>;(I)(+,&4
.,I+.(R.(>???8()3-$('4+3"(+/5+-$3'%"+.;
S'86 W+(4,I+(,(0(1(=(D(0(78(&(0($(=(:(0(>(,-$(S(=(>???;

&S(1 - ,) : ´ >??? ´ (7 - D)
\ A’.(+/5+-$3'%"+(=( (=( (D ´ > - 7 ´ :)
,$ - 1&

=(R.;(7????

$S(1 - ,) >´ >??? ´ (7 - D)

B’.(+/5,-$3'%"+(=( (=(
,$ - 1& (D ´ > - 7 ´ :)
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65

=(R.(9???;

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 Mathematics
RATIO AND PROPORTION SOLVED EXAMPLES
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Class X
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306 !( I,"3+.( 3-I+".+6G( A3'4( y ; (I) (G (= (78 ('4+-
C4,*,-;( I)( '4+( .%*( #)( '4+( ,g+.( #)( B,"k4,( ,-$
!(=( :?;(I)(!(=(7?('4+-()3-$(G; C4,*,-(3.(:B(G+,".8(A4,'(3.('4+(5"+.+-'(,g+(#)
(>)( 8 (7)(B (3)(: (:)( 2 A*3'?

316 A(.#6%'3#-(#)(3?(63'"+.(#)(*36k(,-$(A,'+"8(4,.(D?% (>)(>B(G+,". (7)(3E(G+,".

*36k;(H#A(*,-G(63'"+.(#)(A,'+"(*%.'(1+(,$$+$(.# (3)(7:(G+,". (:)(7B(G+,".
'4,'('4+(I#6%*+.(#)(*36k(,-$(A,'+"(A366(1+(3-('4+
376 B353-(3.(E('3*+.(#6$(,.(A6#k;(B353-’.(,g+(A366(1+
",'3#(3(0(7?
'A3&+(#)(C4,-$,-’.(,g+(,)'+"(>?(G+,".;(I)(C4,-$,-’.
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(>)(>9(G+,". (7)(>7(G+,".
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>
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3
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(3)( (:)(
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336 N3-+()"3+-$.(4,$(,('+,(5,"'G;(A66(1#G.('##k(#-6G(&#))++ (>)(3(G+,". (7)(:(G+,".
,-$(,66(g3"6.('##k(#-6G('+,;(C4+(&#.'(5+"(&%5(#)(&#))++
(3)(E(G+,". (:)(B(G+,".
3-("%5++.(3.(-%*+"3&,66G(7(6+..('4,-('4+(-%*1+"(#)
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",'3#(#)('4+('#',6(+/5+-.+.(#)('4+(1#G.(,-$('4+(g3"6. '4+3"(5"+.+-'(,g+.?
3.(9(0(E8('4+-(A4,'(3.('4+(&#.'(#)(+,&4(&#))++?((I-(R.)
(>)(79(G+,". (7)(3?(G+,".
(>)(7 (7)(9 (3)(D (:)(3
3@6 I)(/(0(G(=(3(0(98()3-$('4+($%563&,'+(",'3#(#)((3/ (3)(:?(G+,". (:)(39(G+,".
+(G)(0((9/(–(G); @06 C4+(.%*(#)('4+(,g+.(#)(A"G,14,'',(,-$(S4"3$4,"(3.
(>)(:@(0(79 (7)(79(0(@ (3)(3E(0(79 (:)(:@(0(3E :9(G+,".;(23I+(G+,".(,g#('4+(5"#$%&'(#)('4+3"(,g+.
3A6 C4+(",'3#(#)('4+(-%*1+"(#)(.'%$+-'.(3-('A#(&6,.."##*. A,.(:('3*+.('4+(A"G,14,'',’.(,g+(,'('4,'('3*+;(C4+
A(,-$(B(3.(3(0(7;(I)('+-(.'%$+-'.(.43)'.()"#*(A('#(B8 5"+.+-'(,g+.(#)(A"G,14,'',(,-$(S4"3$4,"("+.5+&-
'4+(",'3#(1+&#*+.(D(0(B;(N#A(4#A(*,-G(.'%$+-'. '3I+6G(,"+(0
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\5.Ratio and Proportion (Th + Ex.).p65

*%.'(.43)'()"#*(A('#( B(3-( #"$+"()#"('4+(",'3#('#

1+&#*+(B(0(D? (>)(79(,-$(7? (7)(39(,-$(>?
(>)(9 (7)(>? (3)(>9 (:)(7? (3)(3E(,-$(@ (:)(:?(,-$(9

!DSWER" KEY
Q016 1 B 3 @ A 6 7 8 C 10 11 1B 13 1@ 1A 16 17 18 1C B0
!,(6 7 3 7 7 3 > : 7 > 7 7 : 7 : 7 3 3 : > :
Q016 B1 BB B3 B@ BA B6 B7 B8 BC 30 31 3B 33 3@ 3A 36 37 38 3C @0
!,(6 3 : 7 3 7 : 7 : : 3 3 3 > > > 3 3 7 : 3

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 Mathematics

Time, Speed & Distance

!"#$%#&'($)!*'#+$,-.$)/*(%,-0#$,&#$&#1,%#.$%2$%"#$(3##.$24$,$'25*-6$278#0%9
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(3##.F$'2&#$%"#$.*(%,-0#$%&,5#11#.$*-$%"#$(,'#$%*'#9
D**E ?4$%"#$(3##.$*($02-%,-%@$%"#$.*(%,-0#$%&,5#11#.$*($3&232&%*2-,1$%2$%"#$%*'#$%,A#-F$%",%$*(@$'2&#$%"#
.*(%,-0#$%&,5#11#.F$'2&#$%"#$%*'#$%,A#-$,%$%"#$(,'#$(3##.9
D***E ?4$%"#$.*(%,-0#$%&,5#11#.$*($02-(%,-%@$%"#$(3##.$*($*-5#&(#1=$3&232&%*2-,1$%2$%"#$%*'#$%,A#-@$%",%$*(@
'2&#$%"#$(3##.F$1#(($%"#$%*'#$%,A#-$42&$%"#$(,'#$.*(%,-0#$%&,5#11#.9

!"#$%#"&'(&)'(*+'',(-.("(&/"01(2)0$)($-3'/*("(,0*&"1$'(-.(456(78(01(9()/*:
:21>%*2-

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9

G#-#&,11=@$*4$%"#$.*(%,-0#$*($'#,(>&#.$*-$A*12'#%&#@$H#$'#,(>&#$%*'#$*-$"2>&($,-.$(3##.$*-$A*12'#%&#
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

3#&$"2>&$,-.$*($H&*%%#-$,($A'/"&$,-.$*4$%"#$.*(%,-0#$*($'#,(>&#.$*-$3#&$(#02-.$,-.$*($H&*%%#-$,($'/(9
C2-5#&(*2-$24$U-*%(

1000 ' 5
O-#$A*12'#%&#/"&$B$ $B$ $'/(9
60 × 60 ( 18

18
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5

æ 5 ö
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è 18 ÷ø

æ 18 ö
,-.@ x$'/($B$ ç x × $A'/"&99
è 5 ÷ø

93

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

4: @-2(#-1A(,-'*("(&/"01(466(8(#-1A(/%1101A("&(&)'(/"&'(-.(B6(78?)/(&"7'(&-($/-**("(&'#'A/"+)0$(+-#'C
:21>%*2-
D1($/-**01A(&)'(+-#'E(&)'(&/"01(8%*&(&/"3'#(0&*(-21(#'1A&):
\ =0*&"1$'(&/"3'##',(0*(466(8:

B6 ´ 4666 466
;+'',(<(B6(78?)/(<( (<( (8?*
F6 ´ F6 G

466
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466? G
H: I(&/"01(/%1101A("&("(*+'',(-.(G6(78?)/(+"**'*("(+-#'(-1(&)'(+#"&.-/8(01(H6(*:(J01,(&)'(#'1A&)(-.(&)'(&/"01(01
8'&/'*:
:21>%*2-
;+'',(-.(&)'(&/"01(<(G6(78?)/

5
<(G6(´ (<(H5(8?*:
4K
\(L'1A&)(-.(&)'(&/"01(<(*+'',(-.(&)'(&/"01(´(&08'(&"7'1(01($/-**01A(&)'(+-#'(<(H5(´(H6(<(566(8:

D*E ?4$A$025#&($,$.*(%,-0#$.1$A'$,%$(1$A'/"&$,-.$%"#-$.2$A'$,%$(2$A'/"&@$%"#-$%"#$,5#&,6#$(3##.
.>&*-6$%"#$H"21#$82>&-#=$*($6*5#-$7=

(1(2 D.1 + .2 E
A5#&,6#$(3##.$B$ A'/"&
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D**E ?4$A$62#($4&2'$X$%2$Y$,%$(1$A'/"&$,-.$02'#($7,0A$4&2'$Y$%2$X$,%$(2$A'/"&@$%"#-$%"#$,5#&,6#$(3##.
.>&*-6$%"#$H"21#$82>&-#=$*($6*5#-$7=

2(1(2
A5#&,6#$(3##.$B$
(1 + (2

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.3
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

I(*)0+(*"0#*(&-("($'/&"01($0&M("&(&)'(*+'',(-.(45(71-&*?)/("1,(*"0#*(N"$7(&-(&)'(*"8'(+-01&("&(&)'(/"&'(-.(96
71-&*?)/:(O)"&(0*(&)'("3'/"A'(*+'',(.-/(&)'(2)-#'(P-%/1'MC
:21>%*2-
@'/'(*4(<(45("1,(*H(<(96:

H*4*H H ´ 45 ´ 96
\ I3'/"A'(*+'',(<(( * + * <(
4 H 45 + 96
<(H6(71-&*?)/

A$3#&(2-$62#($0#&%,*-$.*(%,-0#$DA$%2$BE$,%$,$(3##.$24$(1$A'/"&$,-.$&#%>&-($7,0A$DB$%2$AE$,%$,$(3##.
24$(2$A'$"&9$?4$"#$%,A#($!$"&($*-$,11@$%"#$.*(%,-0#$7#%H##-$A$,-.$B$*(9

æ ( ( ö
!ç 1 2 ÷
è (1 + (2 ø

94

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.4
4: I(N-M(A-'*(&-(*$)--#(20&)(&)'(*+'',(-.(9(78("1,()-%/("1,(/'&%/1*(20&)("(*+'',(-.(H(78?)/:(D.()'(&"7'*(5()/*
01("##E(.01,(&)'(,0*&"1$'(01(78(N'&2''1(&)'(30##"A'("1,(&)'(*$)--#:
:21>%*2-
@'/'(*4(<(9E(*H(<(H("1,(>(<(5:
\ >)'(,0*&"1$'(N'&2''1(&)'(30##"A'("1,(&)'(*)$--#
æ ** ö
<( > ç 4 H ÷ (<( 5 æç 9 ´ H ö÷ (<(F(78:
è *4 + *H ø è 9 + Hø

?4$%H2$3#&(2-($A$,-.$B$(%,&%$,%$%"#$(,'#$%*'#$4&2'$%H2$32*-%($P$,-.$Q$%2H,&.($#,0"$2%"#&$,-.
,4%#&$0&2((*-6$%"#=$%,A#$!1$,-.$!2$"&($*-$&#,0"*-6$Q$,-.$P@$&#(3#0%*5#1=@$%"#-

A'( (3##. !2
$B
B'( (3##. !1

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.5
Q070&"(*&"/&*()'/(P-%/1'M(./-8(='#)0(&-(R)-+"#("1,(*08%#&"1'-%*#M(Q0*)0&"(*&"/&*(./-8(R)-+"#(&-(='#)0:(I.&'/
B
$/-**01A('"$)(-&)'/(&)'M(.010*)(&)'0/(/'8"0101A(P-%/1'M(01( 5 ()/*("1,(G()/*E(/'*+'$&03'#M:(O)"&(0*(Q0*)0&"’*
G
*+'',(0.(Q070&"’*(*+'',(0*(9F(78?)/C
:21>%*2-

G G
Q070&"' * *+'', >H =
(<( < B BG
Q0*)0&"' * *+'', >4 5
G G

G
G
<( K4 (<( :
7
BG

7
\(Q0*)0&"’*(*+'',(<( (Q070&"’*(*+'',
G
7
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

<( (´(9F(<(HK(78?)/::
G

?4$,$72.=$%&,5#1($.1@$.2@$.3@$9999@$.-$'#%&#($H*%"$.*44#&#-%$(3##.($(1@$(2@$(3@$9999@$(-$'/($*-$%*'#$!1@$!2@
!3@$999$!-$(@$&#(3#0%*5#1=@$%"#-$%"#$,5#&,6#$(3##.$24$%"#$72.=$%"&2>6"2>%$%"#$82>&-#=$*($6*5#-$7=
!2%,1 .*(%,-0# %&,5#11#.
V,$B$
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.1 + .2 + .3 + 999 + . -
B$
!1 + !2 + !3 + 999 + !-
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(1!1 + (2 !2 + (3 !3 + 999 + ( - !-
,-.$V,$B$ !1 + !2 + !3 + 999 + !-
D?4$.1$.2@$9999@$.-$,-.$(1@$(2@$9999@$(-$,&#$A-2H-E

95

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.6
I($"/(,%/01A(0&*(P-%/1'M(&/"3'#*(B6(801("&("(*+'',(-.(96(78?)/E("1-&)'/(56(801("&("(*+'',(-.(F6(78?)/("1,
4()/("&("(*+'',(-.(96(78?)/:(J01,(&)'("3'/"A'(*+'',(-.(&)'($"/:
:21>%*2-
B6 56
@'/' >4(<( E(> (<( E(> (<(4E(*4(<(96E
F6 H F6 9
*H(<(F6E(*9((<(96:
\ I3'/"A'(*+'',(-.(&)'($"/

B6 56
96 ´ + F6 ´ + 96 ´ 4
* > +* > +* > F6 F6
<( 4 4 H H 9 9 (<( B6 56
>4 + >H + >9 + +4
F6 F6

<(B6(78?)/:

6.7
,
?4$%"#$-#H$(3##.$*($ $24$%"*($2&*6*-,1$(3##.@$%"#-$%"#$0",-6#$*-$%*'#$%,A#-$%2$025#&$%"#$(,'#
7
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7
C",-6#$*-$%"*'#$B$ æç – 1 ö÷ $´$2&*6*-,1$%*'#9
è, ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.7
RM(2"#701A("&(.-%/-.0.&)*(-.()0*(%*%"#(*+'',E(M-)"1(0*(F(801(#"&'(&-()0*(-..0$':(J01,()0*(%*%"#(&08'(&-($-3'/(&)'
,0*&"1$':
:21>%*2-
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N 5
æN ö
O'()"3'($)"1A'(01(&08'(<( ç - 4÷ (´(-/0A01"#(&08'
è" ø

!)"1A' 01 &08' Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

Þ O/0A01"#(&08'(<(
æN ö
ç - 4÷
è" ø
F
<( æç 5 - 4ö÷ (<(HB(801
èB ø

A$72.=$025#&($,$.*(%,-0#$.$*-$%*'#$!1$H*%"$(3##.$(1@$7>%$H"#-$*%$%&,5#1($H*%"$(3##.$(2$025#&($%"#
(,'#$.*(%,-0#$*-$%*'#$!29$!"#$42112H*-6$&#1,%*2-($"21.

P&2.>0% 24 (3##. (1 (2 /*44#&#-0# 24 (3##.

$B$ ! B ! $B$
. 2 1 /*44#&#-0# 24 %*'#

Eq>,%*-6$,-=$%H2$24$%"#$,725#@$H#$0,-$4*-.$%"#$>-A2H-($,($3#&$6*5#-$q>#(%*2-9

96

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.8
>2-(N0$M#0*&*(,-(&)'(*"8'(P-%/1'M(NM(&/"3'##01A(/'*+'$&03'#ME("&(&)'(/"&'*(-.(G("1,(46(78("1()-%/:(J01,(&)'
#'1A&)(-.(&)'(P-%/1'M(2)'1(-1'(&"7'*(9H(801(#-1A'/(&)"1(&)'(-&)'/:
:21>%*2-
9H
@'/'($)"1A'(01(*+'',(<(46(–(G(<(4;(+/-,%$&(-.(*+'',(<(G(´(46(<(G6("1,(,0..'/'1$'(-.(&08'(<( :
F6

P/ -,%$& -. *+'', =0..'/'1$' -. *+'',

O'()"3'( < =0..'/'1$' -. &08'
,

æ =0..'/'1$' -. &08' ö
Þ ,(<(P/-,%$&(-.(*+'',(´( ç =0..'/'1$' -. *+'', ÷
è ø

9H
<(G6(´ (<(BK(78:
F6

6.9
A$%&,*-$%&,5#1($,$0#&%,*-$.*(%,-0#$,%$,$(3##.$24$(1$A'/"&$H*%"2>%$(%233,6#($,-.$H*%"$(%233,6#(9$*%
025#&($%"#$(,'#$.*(%,-0#$,%$$,$(3##.$24$(2$A'/"&9$!"#$(%233,6#$%*'#$3#&$"2>&$*($6*5#-$7=

æ (1 – ( 2 ö æ /*44#&#-0# 24 (3##. ö
ç ÷ $"&$2&@$ ç ÷
è (1 ø è :3##. H*%"2>% (%233,6#( ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.9
O0&)-%&(*&-++"A'*E("(&/"01(&/"3'#*($'/&"01(,0*&"1$'(20&)("1("3'/"A'(*+'',(-.(K6(78?)/("1,(20&)(*&-++"A'*E(0&
$-3'/*(&)'(*"8'(,0*&"1$'(20&)("1("3'/"A'(*+'',(-.(F6(78?)/:(@-2(8"1M(801%&'*(+'/()-%/(&)'(&/"01(*&-+*C
:21>%*2-
@'/'(*4(<(K6("1,(*H(<(F6

*4 - *H K6 - F6 4
\ ;&-++"A'(&08'?)/(<( *4 <( K6 <( B )/

<(45(801*
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

6.10
D*E ?4$,$%&,*-$25#&%,A#($,$321#$2&$,$',-$2&$,$'*1#(%2-#@$%"#$.*(%,-0#$025#&#.$*-$25#&%,A*-6$*($#q>,1$%2
%"#$1#-6%"$24$%"#$%&,*-9
D**E ?4$,$%&,*-$25#&%,A#($,$7&*.6#$2&$,$%>--#1$2&$,$31,%42&'$2&$,-2%"#&$%&,*-@$%"#-$%"#$.*(%,-0#$025#&#.
*($#q>,1$%2$%"#$(>'$24$%"#$%H2$1#-6%"(9

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.10
4: I(F66(8(#-1A(&/"01($/-**'*("(+-#'(01(G(*:(O)"&(0*(&)'(*+'',(-.(&)'(&/"01(01(78?)/C
:21>%*2-
;+'',(-.(&)'(&/"01
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<(
&08' &"7'1 01 $/--*01A &)' +-#'

F66 F66 4K
<( 8?*(<( ´ (<(HB6(78?)/::
G G 5

97

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X
H: I(&/"01(496(8(#-1A(+"**'*("(N/0,A'(01(H4(*(8-301A(20&)("(*+'',(-.(G6(78?)/:(J01,(&)'(#'1A&)(-.(&)'(N/0,A':
:21>%*2-
O'()"3'(*+'',(-.(&)'(&/"01
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<( &08' &"7'1 01 $/-**01A &)' N/0,A'

5 496 + #'1A&) -. &)' N/0,A'

Þ (G6(<(
4K H4
\ L'1A&)(-.(&)'(N/0,A'(<(5H5(–(496(<(9G5(8:

6.11 Relative speed

D,E ?4$%H2$%&,*-($24$1#-6%"($L1$A'$,-.$L2$A'@$&#(3#0%*5#1=@$,&#$%&,5#11*-6$*-$%"#$(,'#$.*&#0%*2-$,%$(1
A'/"&$,-.$(2$A'/"&@$&#(3#0%*5#1=@$(>0"$%",%$(1$>$(2@$%"#-$(1$–$(2$*($0,11#.$%"#*&$&#1,%*5#$(3##.$,-.

æ L1 + L 2 ö
%"#$%*'#$%,A#-$7=$%"#$4,(%#&$%&,*-$%2$0&2(($%"#$(12H#&$%&,*-$*($6*5#-$7=$ ç ( – ( ÷ "&
è 1 2 ø

D7E ?4$%H2$%&,*-($24$1#-6%"$L1$A'$,-.$L2$A'@$&#(3#0%*5#1=@$,&#$%&,5#11*-6$*-$%"#$2332(*%#$.*&#0%*2-($,%$(1
A'/"&$,-.$(2$A'/"&@$&#(3#0%*5#1=@$%"#-$(1$+$(2$*($0,11#.$%"#*&$&#1,%*5#$(3##.$,-.$%"#$%*'#$%,A#-$7=

æ L + L2 ö
%"#$%&,*-($%2$0&2(($#,0"$2%"#&$*($6*5#-$7=$ ç 1 ÷ "&
è (1 + ( 2 ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.11
I(&/"01(495(8(#-1A(0*(/%1101A(20&)("(*+'',(-.(BG(78?)/:(D1(2)"&(&08'(20##(0&(+"**("(8"1(2)-(0*(2"#701A("&
5(78?)/(01(&)'(,0/'$&0-1(-++-*0&'(&-(&)"&(-.(&)'(&/"01C
:21>%*2-
@'/'(L4(<(495E(LH(<(6E(*4(<(BG(78?)/E(*H(<(5(78?)/:
5
\ *4(+(*H(<(BG(+(5(<(5B(78?)/(<(5B(´( (8?*
4K

495
L4 + LH
\ >)'(&08'(&"7'1(<(( * + * (<( 5B ´ 5
4 H 4K

495 ´ 4K Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

<( (<(G(*:
5B ´ 5
H: >2-(&/"01*(-.(#'1A&)(446(8'&/'*("1,(G6(8("/'(/%1101A(-1(+"/"##'#(#01'*(01(&)'(*"8'(,0/'$&0-1(20&)("(*+'',(-.
95(78?)/("1,(B6(78?)/E(/'*+'$&03'#M:(D1(2)"&(&08'(20##(&)'M(+"**('"$)(-&)'/:
:21>%*2-
@'/'(L4(<(446(8E(LH(<(G6(8E(*4(<(95(78?)/("1,(*H(<(B6(78?)/
5
\ *H(–(*4(<(B6(–(95(<(5(78?)/(<(5(´( 8?*
4K

L4 + LH
\ >08'(&"7'1(<(
*H - *4

446 + G6 H66 ´ 4K
<( (<(
5 5´ 5
5´
4K
<(4BB(*:

98

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

6.12
!H2$%&,*-($24$1#-6%"($L1$'$,-.$L2$'$&>-$2-$3,&,11#1$%&,0A(9$<"#-$&>--*-6$*-$%"#$(,'#$.*&#0%*2-@
%"#$4,(%#&$%&,*-$3,((#($%"#$(12H#&$2-$*-$!1$(@$7>%$H"#-$%"#=$,&#$&>--*-6$*-$2332(*%#$.*&#0%*2-($H*%"
%"#$(,'#$(3##.($,($#,&1*#&@$%"#=$3,(($#,0"$2%"#&$*-$!2$(9
!"#-@$%"#$(3##.$24$%"#$4,(%#&$%&,*-

L1 + L 2 æ 1 1 ö
B$ ç + ÷ '/(
2 !
è 1 !2 ø

,-.$%"#$(3##.$24$%"#$(12H#&$%&,*-

L1 + L 2 æ 1 1 ö
B$ ç – ÷ '/(9
2 !
è 1 !2 ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.12
>2-(&/"01*(-.(#'1A&)*(H66(8("1,(475(8(/%1(-1(+"/"##'#(&/"$7*:(O)'1(/%1101A(01(&)'(*"8'(,0/'$&0-1(&)'(."*&'/

4
&/"01($/-**'*(&)'(*#-2'/(-1'(01( 97 *:(O)'1(/%1101A(01(-++-*0&'(,0/'$&0-1*("&(*+'',*(*"8'("*(&)'0/('"/#0'/
H

4
*+'',*E(&)'M(+"**('"$)(-&)'/($-8+#'&'#M(01( 7 *:(J01,(&)'(*+'',(-.('"$)(&/"01:
H

:21>%*2-

75
O'()"3'(L4(<(H66E(LH(<(475E(>4(<( ("1,
H

45
>H(<( :
H

>)'/'.-/'E(*+'',(-.(&)'(."*&'/(&/"01

æ 75 45 ö
+
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

æ L4 + LH ö æ >4 + >H ö æ H66 + 475 ö ç H H ÷

<( ç H ÷ ç > > ÷ (<( ç ÷ ç 75 45 ÷
è øè 4 H ø è H øç ÷
´
è H H ø

975 B5 ´ B
<( ´ <(96(8?*:
H 75 ´ 45

;+'',(-.(*#-2'/(&/"01

æ 75 45 ö
L + L æ > - > ö æ H66 + 475 ö ç H - H ÷
æ 4 Hö 4 H ÷ ç 75 45 ÷ (<( 975 ´ 96 ´ B
<( ç H ÷ ç > > ÷ (<( çè H øç
è øè 4 H ø ´ ÷ H 75 ´ 45
è H H ø

<(H6(8?*:

99

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

6.13
D*E A$%&,*-$(%,&%($4&2'$,$31,0#$,%$(1$A'/"&$,-.$,-2%"#&$4,(%$%&,*-$(%,&%($4&2'$%"#$(,'#$31,0#$,4%#&$!
"&($,%$(2$A'/"&$*-$%"#$(,'#$.*&#0%*2-9$!"#-@$%"#$.*(%,-0#$4&2'$%"#$.*(%,-0#$4&2'$%"#$(%,&%*-6
31,0#$,%$H"*0"$72%"$%"#$%&,*-($H*11$'##%$*($6*5#-$7=

æ (1 ×(2 ×! ö
ç ÷ $A'9
è (2 – (1 ø

A1(2@$%"#$%*'#$,4%#&$H"*0"$%"#$%H2$%&,*-($H*11$'##%$*($6*5#-$7=

æ (1! ö
ç ÷ "&99
è (2 – (1 ø

D**E !"#$.*(%,-0#$7#%H##-$%H2$(%,%*2-($A$,-.$B$*($.$A'9$A$%&,*-$(%,&%($4&2'$A$%2$B$,%$(1$A'/"&9$!$"&(
1,%#&$,-2%"#&$%&,*-$(%,&%($4&2'$B$%2$A$,%$(2$A'/"&9$!"#-@$%"#$.*(%,-0#$4&2'$A@$,%$H"*0"$72%"$%"#
%&,*-($H*11$'##%$*($6*5#-$7=

æ .+ (2! ö
(1 ç ÷ $A'9
è (1 +(2 ø

A1(2@$%"#$%*'#$,4%#&$H"*0"$%"#$%H2$%&,*-($H*11$'##%$*($6*5#-$7=

æ .+ (2! ö
ç ÷ "&99
è (1 + (2 ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.13
4: I(&/"01(*&"/&*(./-8(M%8N"0("&(46(":8:(20&)("(*+'',(-.(H5(78?)/("1,("1-&)'/(&/"01(*&"/&*(./-8(&)'/'(-1(&)'
*"8'(,"M("&(9(+:8:(01(&)'(*"8'(,0/'$&0-1(20&)("(*+'',(-.(95(78?)/:(J01,("&(2)"&(,0*&"1$'(./-8(M%8N"0(N-&)
&)'(&/"01*(20##(8''&("1,(.01,("#*-(&)'(&08'(-.(&)'0/(8''&01A:
:21>%*2-
>08'(./-8(46(":8:(&-(9(+:8:(<(5()/:
=0*&"1$'(-.(8''&01A(+-01&(./-8(M%8N"0
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65
æ *4 ´ *H ´ > ö
<( ç * - * ÷ 78:
è H 4 ø

æ H5 ´ 95 ´ 5 ö 4
<( ç ÷ 78(<(B97 (78:
è 95 - H5 ø H

I#*-E(&08'(-.(&)'0/(8''&01A

æ *4 > ö æ H5 ´ 5 ö
<( ç * - * ÷ )/:(<( ç ÷ ()/::
è H 4ø è 95 - H5 ø

4H5 4
<( (<(4H )/:(".&'/(9(P:M:
46 H
>)"&(0*(E(9:96(":8:(1'x&(,"M

100

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics
H: !)'11"0(0*("&("(,0*&"1$'(-.(5F6(78(./-8(M%8N"0:(I(&/"01(*&"/&*(./-8(M%8N"0(&-(!)'11"0("&(F(":8:(20&)("
*+'',(-.(B6(78?)/:(I1-&)'/(&/"01(*&"/&*(./-8(!)'11"0(&-(M%8N"0("&(7(":8:(20&)("(*+'',(-.(F6(78?)/:(I&(2)"&
,0*&"1$'(./-8(M%8N"0("1,("&(2)"&(&08'(20##(&)'(&2-(&/"01*(N'("&(&)'(+-01&(-.($/-**01AC
:21>%*2-
>08'(./-8(F(":8:(&-(7(":8:(<(4()/:
>)'/'.-/'E(,0*&"1$'(-.(8''&01A(+-01&(./-8(M%8N"0

æ , + *H > ö
<( *4 ç * + * ÷ 78:
è 4 Hø

æ 5F6 + F6 ´ 4 ö
<( B6 ç ÷ (<(HBK(78:
è B6 + F6 ø

I#*-E(&08'(-.(&)'0/(8''&01A

æ , + *H > ö
<( ç * + * ÷ )/
è 4 H ø

æ 5F6 + F6 ´ 4 ö 94
<( ç ÷ (<( ()/
è B6 + F6 ø 5

<(F()/(4H(801:(".&'/(F(":8:
>)"&(0*E("&(4H:4H(1--1:

6.14
!H2$%&,*-($(%,&%$(*'>1%,-#2>(1=$4&2'$%"#$(%,%*2-($A$,-.$B$%2H,&.($#,0"$2%"#&$H*%"$(3##.($(1$A'/
"&$,-.$(2$A'/"&@$&#(3#0%*5#1=9$<"#-$%"#=$'##%$*%$*($42>-.$%",%$%"#$(#02-.$%&,*-$",.$%&,5#11#.$.$A'

æ ( +( ö
'2&#$%",-$%"#$4*&(%9$!"#-$%"#$.*(%,-0#$7#%H##-$%"#$%H2$(%,%*2-($*($6*5#-$7=$ . ç 1 2 ÷ $A'9
è (2 – (1 ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.14
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

>2-(&/"01*(*&"/&("&(&)'(*"8'(&08'(./-8(='#)0("1,(R-)&"7("1,(+/-$'',(&-2"/,*('"$)(-&)'/("&(&)'(/"&'(-.(75(78
"1,(F5(78?)/E(/'*+'$&03'#M:(O)'1(&)'M(8''&E(0&(0*(.-%1,(&)"&(-1'(&/"01()"*(&/"3'##',(46(78(8-/'(&)"1(&)'
-&)'/:(J01,(&)'(,0*&"1$'(N'&2''1(='#)0("1,(R-)&"7:
:21>%*2-
=0*&"1$'(N'&2''1(='#)0("1,(R-)&"7

æ *4 + *H ö
<( , ç * - * ÷ 78:
è H 4ø

æ 75 + F5 ö
<( 46ç ÷ 78:
è 75 - F5 ø

<(4B6(78:

101

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

6.15
D.(&)'(*+'',(-.("(N-"&((-/("(*2088'/)(N'(x(78?)/("1,(&)'(*+'',(-.(&)'(*&/'"8(-/(&)'($%//'1&(N'(M(78?)/E(&)'1
(")(*+'',(-.(&)'(N-"&((-/(*2088'/)(,-21*&/'"8(<((x(+(M)(78?)/:
(N)(*+'',(-.(&)'(N-"&((-/(*2088'/)(%+*&/'"8(<((x(–(M)(78?)/:

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.15
>)'(*+'',(-.("(N-"&(01(*&0##(2"&'/(0*(H6(78?)/:(D.(&)'(*+'',(-.(&)'(*&/'"8(N'(B(78?)/E(.01,(0&*(,-21*&/'"8("1,
%+*&/'"8(*+'',*:
:21>%*2-
;+'',(-.(&)'(N-"&((x)(<(H6(78?)/
;+'',(-.(&)'(*&/'"8((M)(<(B(78?)/
\(=-21*&/'"8(*+'',(<(x(+(M(<((H6(+(B)(<(HB(78?)/("1,(%+*&/'"8(*+'',(<(x(–(M(<((H6(–(B)(<(4F(<(78?)/:

6.16
4
(0) ;+'',(-.(&)'(N-"&((-/(*2088'/)(01(*&0##(2"&'/(<( (=-21*&/'"8(;+'',(+(U+*&/'"8(;+'',)
H
4
(0) ;+'',(-.(&)'(*&/'"8(<( ((=-21*&/'"8(;+'',(–(U+*&/'"8(;+'',)
H

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.16
I(N-"&(0*(/-2',(,-21("(/03'/(B6(78(01(5()/("1,(%+("(/03'/(H4(78(01(7()/:(J01,(&)'(*+'',(-.(&)'(N-"&("1,(&)'
/03'/:
:21>%*2-
B6
;+'',(-.(&)'(N-"&(,-21*&/'"8(<( <(K(78?)/::
5
H4
;+'',(-.(&)'(N-"&(%+*&/'"8(<( <(9(78?)/::
7
\((;+'',(-.(&)'(N-"&
4
< (=-21*&/'"8(;+'',(+(U+*&/'"8(;+'',)
H
4 44
<( (K(+(9)(<( (<(-/(5(´(5(78?)/::
H H Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65
"1,(*+'',(-.(&)'(/03'/
4
< (=-21*&/'"8(;+'',(–(U+*&/'"8(;+'',)
H

4 5
<( (K(–(9)(<( (<(-/(H:5(78?)/::
H H

6.17
D.("(8"1($"+"N#'(-.(/-201A("&(&)'(*+'',(-.(x(78?)/(01(*&0##(2"&'/E(/-2*(&)'(*"8'(,0*&"1$'(%+("1,(,-21("
*&/'"8(2)0$)(.#-2*("&("(/"&'(-.(M(78?)/E(&)'1()0*("3'/"A'(*+'',(&)/-%A)-%&(&)'(P-%/1'M(0*
U+*&/'"8 ´ =-21*&/'"8
<( M"1' * /"&' 01 *&0## 2"&'/

(x - M)(x + M)
(78?)/::
x

102

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.17
I(8"1(/-2*("&("(*+'',(-.(K(78?)/(01(*&0##(2"&'/(&-("($'/&"01(,0*&"1$'(%+*&/'"8("1,(N"$7(&-(&)'(*&"/&01A(+-01&
01("(/03'/(2)0$)(.#-2*("&(B(78?)/:(J01,()0*("3'/"A'(*+'',(.-/(&-&"#(P-%/1'M:
:21>%*2-
I3'/"A'(*+'',

U+*&/'"8 ´ =-21*&/'"8
<( M"1' * /"&' 01 *&0## 2"&'/

(K - B)(K + B)
<( (<(F(78?)/::
K

6.18
I(8"1($"1(/-2("(N-"&(01(*&0##(2"&'/("&(x(78?)/:(D1("(*&/'"8(.#-201A("&(M(78?)/E(0.(0&(&"7'*(&()/*(8-/'(01
%+*&/'"8(&)"1(&-(A-(,-21(&-A'&)'/(*&/'"8(.-/(&)'(*"8'(,0*&"1$'E(&)'1(&)'(,0*&"1$'(0*(A03'1(NM

(xH - MH )&
78
HM

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.18
I(8"1($"1(/-2(7(78?)/(01(*&0##(2"&'/:(D.(&)'(/03'/(0*(/%1101A("&(9(78?)/E(0&(&"7'*(F()/*(8-/'(01(%+*&/'"8(&)"1
&-(A-(,-21*&/'"8(.-/(&)'(*"8'(,0*&"1$':(@-2(."/(0*(&)'(+#"$'C
:21>%*2-
>)'(/'q%0/',(,0*&"1$'

(xH - MH )&
<(
HM

(BG - G)F
<( (<(B6(78:
H´ 9

6.19
I(8"1(/-2*("($'/&"01(,0*&"1$'(,-21*&/'"8(01(&4()/*("1,(/'&%/1*(&)'(*"8'(,0*&"1$'(%+*&/'"8(01(& H()/*:(D.(&)'
*+'',(-.(&)'(*&/'"8(N'(M(78?)/E(&)'1(&)'(*+'',(-.(&)'(8"1(01(*&0##(2"&'/(0*(A03'1(NM
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

æ& +& ö
M ç H 4 ÷ 78?)/::
è &H - &4 ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.19
I(8-&-/N-"&($-3'/*("($'/&"01(,0*&"1$'(,-21*&/'"8(01(F()/*(N%&(&"7'*(K()/*(&-(/'&%/1(%+*&/'"8(-.(&)'(*&"/&01A
+-01&:(D.(&)'(*+'',(-.(&)'(*&/'"8(N'(F(78?)/E(.01,(&)'(*+'',(-.(&)'(8-&-/(N-"&(01(*&0##(2"&'/:
:21>%*2-
;+'',(-.(&)'(8-&-/N-"&(01(*&0##(2"&'/

æ & H + &4 ö
<( M ç & - & ÷ (78?)/
è H 4ø

æ K+ Fö
<( F ç ÷ (<(BH(78?)/::
è K- Fø
103

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

6.20
I(8"1($"1(/-2("(N-"&(01(*&0##(2"&'/("&(x(78?)/:(D1("(*&/'"8(.#-201A("&(M(78?)/(0.(0&(&"7'*()08(&()/*(&-(/-2(&-("
+#"$'("1,($-8'(N"$7E(&)'1(&)'(,0*&"1$'(N'&2''1(&)'(&2-(+#"$'*(0*

&(xH - MH )
78:
Hx

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.20

I(8"1($"1(/-2(F(78?)/(01(&)'(*&0##(2"&'/:(D.(&)'(/03'/(0*(/%1101A("&(H(78?)/E(0&(&"7'*()08(9()/*(&-(/-2(&-("(+#"$'
"1,(N#-$7:(@-2(."/(0*(&)'(+#"$'C
:21>%*2-
>)'(/'q%0/',(,0*&"1$'

&(xH - MH )
<( 78:
Hx

9(9F - B)
<( (<(K(78:
H´ F

6.21
I(N-"&((-/("(*2088'/)(&"7'*(1(&08'*("*(#-1A(&-(/-2(%+*&/'"8("*(&-(/-2(,-21*&/'"8(&)'(/03'/:(D.(&)'(*+'',(-.
N-"&((-/(*2088'/)(N'(x(78?)/("1,(&)'(*+'',(-.(*&/'"8(N'(M(78?)/E(&)'1

æ 1 + 4ö
x(<(M( ç ÷
è 1 - 4ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 6.21

I(8"1($"1(/-2("&(&)'(/"&'(-.(B(78?)/:(01(*&0##(2"&'/:(D.(&)'(&08'(&"7'1(&-(/-2("($'&"01(,0*&"1$'(%+*&/'"8(0*(9
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65
&08'*("*(8%$)("*(&-(/-2(&)'(*"8'(,0*&"1$'(,-21*&/'"8E(.01,(&)'(*+'',(-.(&)'($%//'1&:
:21>%*2-
O'()"3'E

æ 1 + 4ö
;+'',(-.(&)'(8"1(<( ç ÷ (*+'',(-.(&)'($%//'1&
è 1 - 4ø

æ 9 + 4ö
Þ B(<( ç ÷ (*+'',(-.(&)'($%//'1&:
è 9 - 4ø

\ ;+'',(-.(&)'($%//'1&(<(H(78?)/:

104

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics
TIME SPEED & DISTANCE SOLVED EXAMPLES
19 U,"0(&/"3'#*()"#.(-.()0*(P-%/1'M(NM(&/"01("&(&)'(*+'', C2%#;(J-/(&)'($-1*&"1&(,0*&"1$'($-3'/',E(&)'(/"&0-(-.
-.(4H6(78?)("1,(/'*&()"#.(NM($"/("&(K6(78?):(O)"& &08'(&"7'1(NM('"$)(+'/*-1(0*(&)'(/"&0-(-.(&)'(/'$0+/--
0*(&)'("3'/"A'(*+'', $"#(-.(&)'0/(*+'',*("1,(30$'-3'/*":
:219 L'&(&)'(&-&"#(,0*&"1$'(N'(H=(78E(&)'1 D.(&)'(/"&0-(-.(*+'',*(-.(IE(RE(!(E(=(N'("(:(N(:($(:(,E
&)'1(&)'(/"&0-(-.(&08'(&"7'1(NM(IE(RE(!("1,(=(&-
>-&"#(&08'(<(>08'(&"7'1(NM(&/"01(+(>08'(&"7'1(NM($"/
$-3'/(&)'(*"8'(,0*&"1$'
= =
<( + 4 4 4 4
4H6 K6 <( : : :
" N $ ,
H= "1,(0.(&)'(&08'(&"7'1(NM(IE(RE(!("1,(=(N'(+(:(q(:(/(:
\ I3'/"A'(*+'',(<(
= = *E(&)'1(&)'(/"&0-(-.(&)'0/(*+'',*
+
4H6 K6
4 4 4 4
<( : : :
+ q / *
H= H
= (<(GF(78?)
æ 4 4 ö æH+ 9ö 39 >)'(,0*&"1$'(-.(&)'($-##'A'("1,(&)'()-8'(-.(R"P''3
=ç + ÷ ç ÷
è 4H6 K6 ø è HB6 ø 0*(K6(78:(O1'(,"M()'(2"*(#"&'(NM(4()-%/(&)"1(&)'
1-/8"#(&08'(&-(#'"3'(.-/(&)'($-##'A'E(*-()'(01$/'"*',
A1%#&-,%*5#1=;(!-1*0,'/(&)'(,0*&"1$'(01(1%8N'/* )0*(*+'',(NM(B(78?)("1,(&)%*()'(/'"$)',(&-($-#-
(*01$'(0&(,'+'1,'1&(-.(&)'(,0*&"1$')("*(&)'(L!M(-. #'A'("&(&)'(1-/8"#(&08':(O)"&(0*(&)'($)"1A',((-/
&)'(*+'',*:(>)'1E(&)'(&-&"#(,0*&"1$'(<(L!M(-.(4H6 01$/'"*',)(*+'',(-.(R"P''3(C
"1,(K6(<(HB6
:219 L'&(&)'(1-/8"#(*+'',(N'(x(78?)E(&)'1
4H6
>)'/'/.-/'E(&08'(&"7'1(NM(&/"01(<( <(4) K6 K6
4H6 - <4
x (x + B)
4H6 9
"1, &08'(&"7'1(NM($"/(<( - ) Þ ((((((((((xH(+(Bx(–(9H6(<(6
K6 H
Þ x(x(+(H6)(–(4F(x(+(H6)(<(6
>-&"# ,0*&"1$' (((((((((x(+(H6)((x(–(4F)(<(6
\ I3'/"A'(*+'',(<( >-&"# &08' &"7'1 ((((((((((((x(<(4F(78?)
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\6.Time Speed & Distance (Th + Ex.).p65

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 Mathematics
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CHAPTER
7 Work, Pipes & Cisterns

7.1 Unitary method, time & work

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Z&-+456&780,

æ 2XYZ ö
!"#&(6&A&+,-&C&1.23",;&7.;078026&1"<<&%","58&780&j.?&",& ç ÷ &-+45>
è XY + YZ + ZX ø

æ 2XYZ ö
!""#&(&+<.,0&1"<<&%","58&780&j.?&",& ç ÷ -+45>
è XY + YZ – ZX ø

æ 2XYZ ö
!"""#&A&+<.,0&1"<<&%","58&780&j.?&",& ç ÷ -+45>
è YZ + ZX – XY ø

116

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 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.4
!"#$%"&"'#$"%("#")*+'+"(,"-(./"*$"01"%#234"&"#$%"5"*$"06"%#237"5"#$%"!"*$"18"%#234"9(-":($;"-(<:%"+#'=">#/+
3+)#.#>+:2">("%(">=+"3#?+"-(./@
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"A"B"017"C"B"06"#$%"D"B"184

1ACD
\"!"#:($+"'#$"%(">=+"-(./"*$"B"
AC + CD - DA

1 ´ 01 ´ 06 ´ 18
B" "%#23
01 ´ 06 + 06 ´ 18 - 18 ´ 01

E188
(." 7"*4+47"G8"%#234
1F8

&"#:($+"'#$"%(">=+"-(./"*$

1ACD
B" %#23
CD + DA - AC

1 ´ 01 ´ 06 ´ 18
B" %#23
06 ´ 18 + 18 ´ 01 - 01 ´ 06

E188
(." 7"*4+47"18"%#234
GH8

5"#:($+"'#$"%(">=+"-(./"*$

1ACD
B" %#23
DA + AC - CD

1 ´ 01 ´ 06 ´ 18
B" %#23
18 ´ 01 + 01 ´ 06 - 06 ´ 18

E188
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\7.Time, Work, Pipes & Cisterns (Th + Ex.).p65

(." 7"*4+47"H8"%#234
018

7.6
(&) *+,-,./',+&'&01,/,2"34,&',5,6/70,/'6,8,&0,4,%&9:0,:++&.&:'%,%1/',-;,%1:',%1:,%&9:,%/4:',<7,<"%1,-

?
/'6,8,2"34&'=,%"=:%1:3,%",."9>#:%:,%1:,2"34,&0, .
@A 4

(&&) *+,-,/'6,8,2"34&'=,%"=:%1:3,./',+&'&01,/,2"34,&',5,6/70,/'6,8,&0,4,%&9:0,:++&.&:'%,%1/',-;,%1:',%1:
%&9:,%/4:',<7
(/),-;,2"34&'=,/#"':;,%",."9>#:%:,%1:,2"34,&0,(4,A,@),5.

æ 4 A@ ö
(<),8;,2"34&'=,/#"':;,%",."9>#:%:,%1:,2"34,&0, ç ÷ 5.
è 4 ø

117

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.5
04 9#.I#$3"J#:"'#$"%("#")*+'+"(,"-(./"*$"1F"%#234"I,"&#$3*"J#:"-(./3">-*'+"#3",#3>"#3"9#.I#$3"J#:7"=(-":($;"-(<:%
>=+2">#/+">(",*$*3=">=+"-(./"-(./*$;">(;+>=+.@
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"A"B"1F"#$%"/"B"14
\"T*?+">#/+$"I2"=#.I#$3"J#:"#$%"&#$3*"J#:7"-(./*$;">(;+>=+.">("'(?):+>+">=+"-(./

æ A ö
B" ç ÷ "%#234
è 0+ / ø

æ 1F ö
B" ç ÷ "%#237"*4+47"8"%#234
è 0+ 1ø
14 !"#$%"&">(;+>=+."'#$"%("#")*+'+"(,"-(./"*$"G"%#234"I,"!"%(+3">=.*'+"#3"?<'="-(./"#3"&"*$";*v+$">*?+7",*$%"=(-
:($;"!"#:($;"-(<:%">#/+">("%(">=+"-(./@
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"A"B"G"#$%"x"B"G4
\"T*?+">#/+$"I2"!7"-(./*$;"#:($+7">("'(?):+>+">=+"-(./
æ / + 0ö æ G + 0ö
B" ç ÷ A "B" ç ÷ G "B"F"%#234
è / ø è G ø

7.7
*+,-,2"34&'=,/#"':,%/4:0,/,6/70,9"3:,%1/',-,/'6,8,%"=:%1:3.,8,2"34&'=,/#"':,%/4:0,<,6/70,9"3:,%1/',-,/'6
8,%"=:%1:3;,%1:',%1:,'$9<:3,"+,6/70,%/4:',<7,-,/'6,8;,2"34&'=,%"=:%1:3;,%",+&'&01,/,j"<,&0,=&v:',<7, /< .

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.6
!"#:($+"-(<:%">#/+"8"=.3"?(.+">("'(?):+>+">=+"j(I">=#$"*,"I(>="!"#$%"&"-(./+%">(;+>=+.4"I,"&"-(./+%"#:($+7
0
=+">((/" F =.3"?(.+">("'(?):+>+">=+"j(I">=#$"!"#$%"&"-(./+%">(;+>=+.4"W=#>">*?+"-(<:%">=+2">#/+"*,"I(>=
1
!"#$%"&"-(./+%">(;+>=+."@
!"#$%&"'
9

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\7.Time, Work, Pipes & Cisterns (Th + Ex.).p65

9+.+"#"B"8"#$%"I"B" 4
1
\ T*?+">#/+$"I2"!"#$%"&7"-(./*$;">(;+>=+.7">("'(?):+>+">=+"j(I4
B" #I "%#23

9
B" 8 ´ "(."H"%#234
1

7.8
*+,-,&0,4,%&9:0,9"3:,:++&.&:'%,%1/',8,/'6,&0,%1:3:+"3:,/<#:,%",+&'&01,/,2"34,&',l,6/70,%1/',8;,%1:'
4l
(&),-,/'6,8;,2"34&'=,%"=:%1:3;,./',+&'&01,%1:,2"34,&', 2
,6/70.
4 –@
l
(&&),-;,2"34&'=,/#"':;,./',+&'&01,%1:,2"34,&', ,6/70.
4 –@
4l
(&&&),8;,2"34&'=,/#"':;,./',+&'&01,%1:,2"34,&', ,6/70.
4 –@

118

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.7
!"*3">=.*'+"#3";((%"#"-(./?#$"#3"&"#$%">#/+3"08"%#23":+33">("%("#")*+'+"(,"-(./">=#$"&">#/+34"F*$%">=+">*?+
*$"-=*'="&"#:($+"'#$"'(?):+>+">=+"-(./4
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"/"B"G"#$%"l"B"084
\"T*?+">#/+$"I2"&7"-(./*$;"#:($+7">("'(?):+>+">=+"-(./
/l
B" %#23
/ -0

G ´ 08
B" %#23
G -0
*4+47"06"%#234

7.9

/ . <× .× 5
*+,-,./',."9>#:%:, ,>/3%,"+,2"34,&',5,6/70;,%1:', ,>/3%,"+,%1:,2"34,2&##,<:,6"':,&',
< 6 /×6
6/70.

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.8
!"'#$"%(">=.++-,(<.>="(,"#"-(./"*$"01"%#234"I$"=(-"?#$2"%#23"'#$"=+",*$*3="($+-+*;=>="(,">=+"-(./@
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"#"B"G7"I"B"F7"A"B"017"'"B"0"#$%"%"B"84
T=+.+,(.+7"$<?I+."(,"%#23".+q<*.+%">(",*$*3="($+-+*;=>="(,">=+"-(./
I ´ ' ´ A F ´ 0´ 01
B" B "B"1"%#234
#´ % G´ 8

7.10
(&) T1:3:,/3:,%2",=3"$>0,"+,>:">#:,2&%1,0/9:,:++&.&:'.7.,*',"':,M@,>:30"'0,./',6",W@,2"340,&',D@
%&9:,/'6,&',%1:,"%1:3,M2,>:30"'0,./',6",W2,2"340,&',D2,%&9:.,T1:,3:#/%&"'01&>,<:%2::',%1:,%2"
=3"$>0,&0,=&v:',<7
M@D@W2,=,M2D2W@
(&&) T1:3:,/3:,%2",=3"$>0,"+,>:">#:,2&%1,0/9:,:++&.&:'.7.,*',"':,M@,>:30"'0,./',6",W@,2"340,&',D@
%&9:,2"34&'=,%@,130,/,6/7,/'6,M2,>:30"'0,./',6",W2,2"340,D2,%&9:,2"34&'=,%2,130,/,6/7.,T1:
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\7.Time, Work, Pipes & Cisterns (Th + Ex.).p65

3:#/%&"'01&>,<:%2::',%1:,%2",=3"$>0,&0,=&v:',<7
M@D@%@W2,=,M2D2%2W@.

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.9
04 I,"08")+3($3"'#$"'(?):+>+">-(-,*,>=3"(,"-(./"*$"8"%#237">=+$",*$%">=+"$<?I+."(,")+.3($3".+q<*.+%">("'(?):+>+
>=+".+?#*$*$;"-(./"*$"01"%#234
!"#$%&"'
1
W+"=#v+ M0"B"087"W1"B" 7"D0"B"8
6
G
M1"B"@7"W1"B" 7"D1"B"014
6
\ M0D0W1"B"M1D1W0
1G 1
Þ 08"´"8"´" "B"M1"´"01"´
6 6
Þ M1"B"084

119

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X
14 I,"08")+.3($3"'#$"'<>"18">.++3"*$"G"%#23"-(./*$;"01"=.3"#"%#24"T=+$7"*$"=(-"?#$2"%#23"'#$"1F")+.3($3"'<>
G1">.++3"-(./*$;"F"=.3"#"%#2@
!"#$%&"'
W+"=#v+7 M0"B"084"W0"187"D0"B"G7">0"B"01
M1"B"1F7"W1"B"G17"D1"B"@7">1"B"F
\ M0D0>0W1"B"M1D1>1W0
Þ 08"´"G"´"01"´"G1"B"1F"´"D1"´"F"´"18
Þ "D1"B"H"%#234

7.11
*+,/,9:',/'6,<,2"9:',./',6",/,>&:.:,"+,2"34,&',',6/70;,%1:',.,9:',/'6,6,2"9:',./',6",%1:
æ '/< ö
2"34,&', ç ÷ ,6/70.
è <. A /6 ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.10
01"?+$"(."06"-(?+$"'#$"%("#"-(./"*$"0F"%#234"I$"=(-"?#$2"%#237"E"?+$"#$%"6"-(?+$"-(<:%"'(?):+>+
>=+"-(./@
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"#"B"017"I"B"067"$"B"0F7"'"B"E"#$%"%"B"64

$#I æ 0F ´ 01 ´ 06 ö
R+q<*.+%"$<?I+."(,"%#23"B" "B" ç ÷ %#23
I' + #% è 06 ´ E + 01 ´ 6 ø

0H8 G
B" "%#23"(." 06 "%#234
00 00

7.12 Pipes and cisterns

@
@. *+,/',&'#:%,./',."9>#:%:#7,+&##,%1:,:9>%7,%/'4,&',5,130;,%1:,>/3%,"+,%1:,%/'4,+&##:6,&',@,13,=, .
5
@
2. *+,/',"$%#:%,./',:9>%7,%1:,+$##,%/'4,&',Y,130;,%1:,>/3%,"+,%1:,%/'4,:9>%&:6,&',@,13,=, .
Y

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\7.Time, Work, Pipes & Cisterns (Th + Ex.).p65

@ @
3. *+,<"%1,&'#:%,/'6,"$%#:%,/3:,">:';,':%,>/3%,"+,%1:,%/'4,+&##:6,&',@,13,=, – .
5 Y

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.11
04 !")*)+"'#$",*::"#">#$/"*$"6"=.34"F*$%">=+")#.>"(,">#$/",*::+%"*$"($+"=(<.4
!"#$%&"'
0
T=+")#.>"(,">=+">#$/",*::+%"*$"0"=."B" 4
6
0
14 !")*)+"'#$",*::"#">#$/"*$"18"?*$34"F*$%">=+">*?+"*$"-=*'=" ")#.>"(,">=+">#$/"-*::"I+",*::+%4
E
!"#$%&"'
0
W+"=#v+7" ")#.>"(,">=+">#$/"*3",*::+%"*$"0"?*$4
18
0 18
\" ")#.>"(,">=+">#$/"*3",*::+%"*$" "?*$3
E E
B"F"?*$34

120

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

G
G4 !")*)+"'#$"+?)>2"#"'*3>+.$"*$"F8"?*$34"F*$%">=+">*?+"*$"-=*'=" ")#.>"(,">=+"'*3>+.$"-*::"I+"+?)>*+%4
F
!"#$%&"'

0
W+"=#v+7" ")#.>"(,">=+"'*3>+.$"*3"+?)>*+%"*$"B"0"?*$4
F8

G
\" ")#.>"(,">=+"'*3>+.$"*3"+?)>*+%"*$
F

G
B"F8"´ B"G8"?*$34
F
F4 !")*)+"'#$"+?)>2"#"'*3>+.$"*$"01"=.34"F*$%">=+")#.>"(,">=+"'*3>+.$"+?)>*+%"*$"F"=.34
!"#$%&"'

0
W+"=#v+7")#.>"(,">=+"'*3>+.$"+?)>*+%"*$"0"=."B" 7
01

0 0
\")#.>"(,">=+"'*3>+.$"+?)>*+%"*$"F"=.3"B" "´"F"B" 4
01 G
64 !">#)"'#$",*::"#"'*3>+.$"*3"8"=.3"#$%"#$(>=+."'#$"+?)>2"*>"*$"0H"=.34"I,"I(>=">=+">#)3"#.+"()+$+%"3*?<:>#$+(<3:27
,*$%">=+">*?+"(*$"=.3)">(",*::">=+"'*3>+.$4
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"A"B"8"#$%"C"B"0H4
\"P#.>"(,">=+"'*3>+.$",*::+%"*$"0"=.

0 0
B" -
A C

0 0 0
B" - =
8 0H 0H
"T(>#:">*?+">#/+$">(",*::">=+"'*3>+.$"B"0H"=.34

7.13
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\7.Time, Work, Pipes & Cisterns (Th + Ex.).p65

T2",>&>:0,-,/'6,8,./',+&##,("3,:9>%7),/,.&0%:3',&',5,/'6,Y,130;,3:0>:.%&v:#7.,21&#:,2"34&'=,/#"':.
*+,<"%1,%1:,>&>:0,/3:,">:':6,%"=:%1:3;,%1:,%1:,%&9:,%/4:',%",+&##,("3,:9>%7),%1:,.&0%:3',&0,=&v:',<7

æ 5Y ö
ç 5 A Y ÷ ,130.
è ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.12
T-(" )*)+3" !" #$%" &" '#$" ,*::" #" '*3>+.$" *$" 18" #$%" G8" ?*$37" .+3)+'>*v+:24" I," I(>=" >=+" )*)+3" #.+" ()+$+%
3*?<:>#$+(<3:27"=(-":($;"-*::"*>">#/+">(",*::">=+"'*3>+.$@
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"A"B"18"#$%"C"B"G84
\"P#.>"(,">=+"'*3>+.$",*::+%"I2"(!"+"&)"*$"0"?*$
0 0 0 0 6 0
B" + "B" + B B 4
A C 18 G8 H8 01
\"&(>=">=+")*)+3"!"#$%"&">(;+>=+."-*::",*::">=+"'*3>+.$"*$"01"?*$34

121

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

7.14

T13::,>&>:0,-,;,8,/'6,C,./',+&##,/,.&0%:3',&',5;,Y,/'6,Z,130;,3:0>:.%&v:#7;,21&#:,2"34&'=,/#"':.,*+,/##
%1:,%13::,>&>:0,/3:,">:':6,%"=:%1:3;,%1:,%&9:,%/4:',%",+&##,%1:,.&0%:3',&0,=&v:',<7

æ 5YZ ö
ç 5Y A YZ A Z5 ÷ 130.
è ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.13
T-(")*)+3"!"#$%"&"'#$"3+)#.#>+:2",*::"#"'*3>+.$"*3"8"=.3"#$%"01"=.37".+3)+'>*v+:27"-=*:+"#">=*.%")*)+"5"'#$"+?)>2
*>"*$"H"=.37".+3)+'>*v+:27"*$"-=#>">*?+"-*::">=+"'*3>+.$"I+",<::7"*,"#::">=+")*)+3"#.+"()+$+%">(;+>=+.@
!"#$%&"'
T=+.+"A"B"87"C"B"01"#$%"D"B"–"H4
\"T=+"'*3>+.$"-*::"I+",<::"*$

æ 8 ´ 01 ´ -H ö
B" ç ÷ =.3
è 8 ´ 01 - 01 ´ H - H ´ 8 ø

æ 6EH ö
B" ç ÷ =.3"(."1F"=.34
è 1F ø

7.15

T2",>&>:0,-,/'6,8,./',+&##,/,.&0%:3',&',5,130,/'6,Y,130;,3:0>:.%&v:#7.,T1:3:,&0,/#0",/'6,"$%#:%,C.,*+
/##,%1:,%13::,>&>:0,/3:,">:':6,%"=:%1:3;,%1:,%/'4,&0,+$##,&',Z,130.,T1:,%&9:,%/4:',<7,C,%",:9>%7,+$##
%/'4,&0,=&v:',<7

æ 5YZ ö
ç 5Z A YZ – 5Y ÷ ,130.
è ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.14

Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\7.Time, Work, Pipes & Cisterns (Th + Ex.).p65

T-(">#)3"!"#$%"&"'#$",*::"#"'*3>+.$"*$"G8"?*$3"#$%"H8"?*$37".+3)+'>*v+:24"T=+.+"*3">=*.%"+x=#<3>">#)"5"#>">=+
I(>>(?"(,">=+">#$/4"I,"#::">#)3"#.+"()+$+%"#>">=+"3#?+">*?+7">=+"'*3>+.$"-*::"I+",<::"*$"F6"?*$34"I$"-=#>">*?+
'#$"+x=#<3>">#)"5"+?)>2">=+"'*3>+.$"-=+$",<::@
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"A"B"G87"C"B"H8"#$%"D"B"F64
Ex=#<3>">#)"5"'#$"+?)>2">=+"'*3>+.$"*$

æ ACD ö
B" ç ÷ ?*$3
è AD + CD - AC ø

æ G8 ´ H8 ´ F6 ö
B" ç ÷ "?*$3
è G8 ´ F6 ´ H8 ´ F6 - G8 ´ H8 ø

B"GH"?*$34

122

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
 Mathematics

7.16
-,%/'4,%/4:0,5,130,%",<:,+&##:6,<7,/,>&>:.,8$%,6$:,%",/,#:/4;,&%,&0,+&##:6,&',Y,130.,T1:,/9"$'%,"+,%&9:
&',21&.1,%1:,#:/4,./',:9>%7,%1:,+$##,%/'4.

æ 5Y ö
=, ç ÷ 130.
èY–5ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.15
!")*)+"'#$",*::"#">#$/"*$"01"=.34"D<+">(":+#/#;+"*$">=+"I(>>(?7"*>"*3",*::+%"*$"1F"=.34"I,">=+">#$/"*3",<::7"=(-"?<'=
>*?+"-*::">=+":+#/">#/+">("+?)>2"*>@
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"A"B"01"#$%"C"B"1F4
T=+">*?+">#/+$"I2">=+":+#/">("+?)>2">=+",<::">#$/

æ AC ö æ 01 ´ 1F ö
B" ç ÷ =.3"B" ç ÷ =.3"(."1F"=.34
è C- Aø è 1F - 01 ø

7.17
-,.&0%:3',1/0,/,#:/4,21&.1,./',:9>%7,&%,&',5,130.,-,>&>:,21&.1,/69&%0,Y,#&%3:0,"+,2/%:3,>:3,1"$3,&'%"
%1:,.&0%:3',&0,%$3':6,"',/'6,'"2,%1:,.&0%:3',&0,:9>%&:6,&',Z,130.,T1:,./>/.&%7,"+,%1:,.&0%:3',&0

æ 5YZ ö
ç Z – 5 ÷ #&%3:0.
è ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.16
!":+#/"*$">=+"I(>>(?"(,"#">#$/"'#$"+?)>2">=+",<::">#$/"*$"H"=.34"!$"*$:+>")*)+",*::3"-#>+."#>">=+".#>+"(,"F":*>.+3
)+."?*$<>+4"W=+$">=+">#$/"*3",<::7">=+"*$:+>"*3"()+$+%"#$%"%<+">(":+#/7">=+">#$/"*3"+?)>2"*$"8"=.34"F*$%">=+
'#)#'*>2"(,">=+">#$/4
!"#$%&"'
9+.+"A"B"H7"C"B"F"´"H8"B"1F8"#$%"D"B"84
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\7.Time, Work, Pipes & Cisterns (Th + Ex.).p65

\"T=+"'#)#'*>2"(,">=+">#$/"*3

æ ACD ö æ H ´ 1F8 ´ 8 ö
B" ç ÷ ":*>.+3"B" ç ÷ :*>.+3
è D- Aø è 8- H ø
B"6EH8":*>.+34

7.18
O':,>&>:,-,+&##,4,%&9:0,+/0%:3,%1/',"%1:3,>&>:,8.
(&) *+,8,./',+&##,/,.&0%:3',&',?,130;,%1:',%1:,%&9:,&',21&.1,%1:,.&0%:3',2&##,<:,+$##;,&+,<"%1,%1:,+&##,>&>:0,/3:
æ ? ö
">:':6,%"=:%1:3;,&0, ç ÷ ,130.
è 4 A@ ø
(&&), *+,-,./',+&##,/,.&0%:3',&',7,130;,%1:',%1:,%&9:,&',21&.1,%1:,.&0%:3',2&##,<:,+$##;,&+,<"%1,%1:,+&##,>&>:0,/3:

æ 4 ö
">:':6,%"=:%1:3;,&0,ç ÷ 7,130.
è 4 A@ ø

123

@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 7.17
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 Mathematics
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 Mathematics
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Class X

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128

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 Mathematics
@7. !"#$%"&"'#$"%("#"-(./"*$"8"%#237"&"#$%"5"'#$"%( 26. N*><"#:($+"'#$"'(?):+>+"F/6>="(,"#")*+'+"(,"-(./
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+$>*.+"-(./"*,"=+"-(./3"#:($+"@
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\7.Time, Work, Pipes & Cisterns (Th + Ex.).p65

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Class X
33. P"#$%"Q"'#$"*$%*v*%<#::2"'(?):+>+"#")*+'+"(,"-(./ 37. P7"Q"#$%"R"-(./">(;+>=+.">("'(?):+>+"#")*+'+"(,
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\7.Time, Work, Pipes & Cisterns (Th + Ex.).p65

(0)"00 (1)"9
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 Mathematics

CHAPTER
8 Problems on Ages

8.1 Some useful short-cut methods

!" #$%&'(%)*(%+$%,-%&%.()/0%)*+-%1)0%2%&34(0%&'(%)*(%+$%5%)26%)&%p/(0(2&%,’0%)*(
30%22% &34(0% &')&% +$% 5-% &'(2

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,’0%p/(0(2&%)*(%=% ç ÷ %22%&%.()/0
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)26%5’0%p/(0(2&%)*(%=% ç ÷ %&%.()/0
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Exp)2)&3+2
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89:")4$#$1"*'($*+,4
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,'4$0$6$ ç ) - ) ÷ $#2
è ; 7 ø

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è ; 7 ø
Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\8.Problems on Ages (Th + Ex.).p65

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 8.1
3%"$*+"$,-$-*#%"'$9($A$#9B"($#%"$*+"$,-$%9($(,)2$C-$D$1"*'($*+,$-*#%"'?($*+"$E*($F$#9B"($#%"$*+"$,-$%9($(,)$*#$#%*#
#9B"4$E%*#$9($-*#%"'?($&'"(")#$*+"$G
S+lu&3+2
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æ F -; ö 6´A´D
6$ ç ÷ $A$×$D$6$ $6$A0$1"*'(2
è F - A ø 3

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@TabahiTenthiesOP on Telegram
Class X
2" T'(%p/(0(2&%)*(%+$%,%30%2!%&34(0%&'(%p/(0(2&%)*(%+$%5"%#$%&%.()/0%'(2c(-%&'(%)*(%+$
,%1+ul6%b(%22%&34(0%&')&%+$%5-%&'(2

æ 22 – ! ö
,’0%p/(0(2&%)*(%=% ç 2 – 2 ÷ %22%&%.()/0
è ! 2 ø

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)26%5’0%p/(0(2&%)*(%=% ç 2 – 2 ÷ %&%.()/0
è ! 2 ø

Expl)2)&3+2

!"#$#%"$&'"(")#$*+"$,-$ .$/"$0$1"*'(2

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æ )7 - ; ö
*)@$5?($&'"(")#$*+"$6$ ç ) - ) ÷ $);#$1"*'(2
è ; 7 ø

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 8.2
3%"$*+"$,-$M'$8u&#*$9($-,u'$#9B"($#%"$*+"$,-$%9($(,)2$5-#"'$;0$1"*'(4$#%"$*+"$,-$M'$8u&#*$E9ll$/"$,)l1$#E9c"$#%"
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\8.Problems on Ages (Th + Ex.).p65

S+lu&3+2
3%"$&'"(")#$*+"$,-$M'$8u&#*?($(,)

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6$ ç 7 ÷#
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132

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 Mathematics
3" T'(%)*(%+$%,-%&!%.()/0%)*+-%1)0%2!%&34(0%&'(%)*(%+$%5-%#$%&2%.()/0%'(2c(%,’0%)*(
1+ul6%b(%22%&34(0%&')&%+$%5-%&'(2-
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&2 (2 2 – !) + &! (2! – !)

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1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 8.3
;0$1"*'($*+,$5Bu?($B,#%"'$E*($A$#9B"($,l@"'$#%*)$%"'$@*u+%#"'2$5-#"'$;0$1"*'(4$#%"$B,#%"'$E9ll$/"$#E9c"
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6$
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Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Maths-2\8.Problems on Ages (Th + Ex.).p65

<H"'"$);$6$A4$)7$6$74$#;$6$;0$*)@$#7$6$;0>

;0<7 - ;> + ;0<A - ;> ;0 + 30

6$ $6$ $6$70$1"*'(2
A-7 7

4" T'(%0u4%+$%p/(0(2&%)*(0%+$%,%)26%5%30%S%.()/0"%#$-%&%.()/0%)*+-%&'(%)*(%+$%,%1)0%2
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P/(0(2&%)*(%+$%,%=% %.()/0
2 +!

S + &(2 – !)
)26%P/(0(2&%)*(%+$%5%=% %.()/0"
2 +!

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Class X
Expl)2)&3+2
!"#$#%"$&'"(")#$*+"$,-$5$*)@$.$/"$0$*)@$1$1"*'(4$'"(&"c#9:"l12
89:") 0$+$1$6$S 222222$<;>
*)@ 0$=$#$6$)$<1$=$#>
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S) - #<) - ;>
0$6$
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*)@ 1$6$
) +;

1.1
NUMERICAL CHALLENGE 8.4
3%"$(uB$,-$#%"$*+"($,-$5$*)@$.$9($A7$1"*'(2$3$1"*'($/*ck4$#%"$*+"$,-$5$E*($D$#9B"($#%"$*+"$,-$.2$F9)@$#%"
@9--"'")c"$/"#E"")$#%"$&'"(")#$*+"($5$*)@$.2
S+lu&3+2
H"'"$S$6$A74$)$6$D$*)@$#$6$3
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Class X

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 Mathematics

PROBLEMS ON AGES EXERCISE

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