29.

Data sufficiency
In this section a question is given followed by two or more statements. The question can be on any topic like
Blood relation, Direction tests, Seating arrangements, Coding, Reasoning, Arithmetical operation etc. The
statements contain some facts which provide clues to answer the question. Students need not answer the
question. They are required to find which of the given statement/s is/are sufficient to answer the question.
Some times it may not be possible to answer the question with the information given in all the statements
together. In such cases they should conclude that the given statements are not sufficient to answer the
question.

Illustrations

1. What is the code of ‘is’ in the code language?

I In the code language ‘sa ka pa’ means paper is white

II In the same code language ‘nak pa tak’ means he is smart.

Solution

Statement I alone or statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question, as the order of the code,
need not be the same as that of the order of words.

We observe that ‘is’ in the common word in the statements ‘paper is white’ and ‘he is smart’. So, the
common code in their codes (in this case ‘pa’) should be the code of ‘is’.

Answer

Data given in both the statements I and II are necessary to answer the question.

2. Five people A, B, C, D and E are sitting in a row. Who is sitting to the immediate right of A?

I C is third to the left of B and A is second to the right of C

II B is to the immediate left of E who is second to the right of A

Solution

Statement I gives information regarding the position of A, B and C. On plotting this information the
seating diagram appears as under:

C  AB

So, we can answer who is sitting to the immediate right of A.

According to the information given in statement II, the seating diagram takes the following form.

ABE

Now also we can answer who is sitting to the immediate right of A.

327
 Answer

The data either in statement I alone or in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question.

3. Among A, B, C, D and E who is heaviest?

I A and D are heavier than B and E but none of them is the heaviest.

II A is heavier than D but lighter than C.

Solution

From statement I, it is clear that none of A and D are heaviest, though they are heavier than B and E.
This implies that C is heaviest.

Statement II implies that C is heavier than both D and A.

But the position of B and E is not indicated in this statement. Hence we cannot answer the question.

Answer

Data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question, but the data in statement II alone are not
sufficient to answer the question.

4. Raju’s and Kumar’s salaries are in the ratio 5 : 3. What is Raju’s salary?

I Kumar’s salary is 60% of Raju’s salary.

II Kumar’s salary is Rs.18,000/- P.M

Solution

Statement I is the other form of the information given in the question. It does not provide any other data
to find Raju’s salary.

Statement II gives the salary of Kumar (Rs.18,000 P.M). So Raju’s salary will be

Answer

The data given in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question, but the data in statement I
alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

5. How many people visited the exhibition on Sunday?

I Each entry pass holder can take upto three persons with him/her.

II In all 356 passes were sold on Sunday.

Solution

From statement I and statement II, we can find the maximum number of visitors who could visit the
exhibition on Sunday. We cannot find the exact number of visitor, as we do not know how many people
each pass holder took with him.

328
 Answer

The data given in both the statement I and II together are not sufficient o answer the question.

Exercise
Directions

Each of the problems consists of a question and two statements numbered I and II given there below. You
are required to decide whether the data provided in the statements are sufficient to answer the question. Give
the answer as described here below.

(1) If the data in statement I alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement
II alone are not sufficient to answer the question.

(2) If the data in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question, while the data in statement
I alone are not sufficient to answer the question.

(3) If the data either in statement I alone or in statement II alone are sufficient to answer the
question.

(4) If the data in both statements I and II together are not sufficient to answer the question.

(5) If the data in both statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

1. What does ‘nip’ stand for in a code language?

I In the code language, ‘that is very beautiful’ is written as ‘se nip sre num’.

II In the same code language ‘my house is beautiful’ is written as ‘nip sto sre tip’.

2. Which code word stands for good in the coded sentence ‘sin co bye’ which means ‘he is good’?

I In the same code language ‘co mot det’ means ‘they are good’.

II In the same code language, ‘sin mic bye’ means ‘he is honest’.

3. What does $ means in the code language?

I 5 $ # 3 means ‘flowers are really good’.

II 7 # 3 5 means ‘good flowers are available’.

4. B is brother of A. How is A related to B?

I A is the sister of C

II E is husband of A

5. How is M related to N?

I P, who has only two kids, M and N, is the mother-in-law of Q, who is sister-in-law of N.

329
 II R, the sister-in-law of M, is the daughter-in-law of S, who has only two kids, M and N.

6. How is F related to P?

I P has two sisters M and N.

II F’s mother is sister of M’s father

7. How is X related to Y?

I Y and Z are children of D who is wife of X.

II R’s sister X is married to Y’s father.

8. In a row of five children A, B, C, D and E who is standing in the middle?

I D is to the immediate right of E and B is to the immediate left of E.

II B is at the extreme left of the row.

9. Five friends P, Q, R, S and T are standing in a row facing east. Who is to standing at the extreme
right end?

I Only P is between S and T. R is to the immediate right of T.

II R is between T and Q

10. P, Q, R and S are sitting around a circle facing the centre. Who is to the immediate right of Q?

I R is between P and S

II S is to the immediate right of R

11. P, Q, R, S and T are sitting around a circle facing the centre. Who is second to the right of P?

I R is to the immediate left of T and second to the right of S

II Q is to the immediate right of S and third to the left of P

12. Among M, N, D, P and K, who earns more than only the least earner among them?

I N earns more than M and P but less than D

II M earns more than P who earns less than K

13. Who among P, Q, T, V and M is exactly in the middle when they are arranged in ascending order of
their heights?

I V is taller than Q but shorter than M

II T is taller than Q and M but shorter than P

14. Who among A, B, C, D, E and F is the heaviest?

I A and D are heavier than B, E and F but none of them is the heaviest.

II A is heavier than D, but lighter than C.

330
15. What is the shortest distance between Devipur and Durgapur?

I Durgapur is 20 km away from Rampur

II Devipur is 15 km away from Rampur

16. In which direction is Rahul facing?

I In the early morning Rahul was standing in front of a puppet and the shadow of the puppet was
falling to the right of Rahul.

II In the early morning Rahul was standing on the ground. His shadow was falling behind him when he
turned to his left.

17. What is the distance between villages X and Y by the shortest route?

I Village X is to the north of village Z at a distance of 35 km.

II Village Y is to the west of village Z at a distance of 20 km.

18. How many children are there in the row of children facing north?

I Vishaka who is fifth from the left end is eight to the left of Aashish who is twelfth from the right
end.

II Rohit is fifth to the left of Nisha who is seventh from the right and eighteenth from the left end.

19. How many children are there between P and Q in a row of children?

I P is fifteenth from the left end in the row.

II Q is exactly in the middle and there are ten children towards his right.

20. What is Sumit’s position from the right end in a row of children?

I There are 10 children between Sumit and Rajan

II Rajan is twentieth from the left end of the row of children.

21. On which date of the month Anjali born in February 2004?

I Anjali was born on an even date of the month.

II Anjali’s birth date was a prime number.

22. How many girls are taller than Raman in his class?

I When students of Raman’s class are ranked in descending order of their heights, Raman’s rank is
17th from the top among all the students and 12th among boys.

II Raman’s rank from the bottom on the basis of height among boys is 18th and among all students 29th.

23. How much money do Vivek and Suman have together?

I Suman has 20 rupees less than what Tarun has

331
 II Vivek has 30 rupees more than what Tarun has

24. Rajan and Madan start from a common point and walk straight in the opposite direction. What will
be the distance between them, exactly after three hours?

I Rajan and Madan walk at the speed of 4 km/hr and 6 km/hr respectively

II Madan walks one and a half times faster than Rajan.

25. How many students in a class play foot ball?

I Only boys play foot ball

II There are forty boys and thirty girls in the class

Directions (Questions 26 to 30)

In each of the following problems, one question followed by three statements I, II and III are given. You are
required to find which of the statements is/are sufficient to answer the given question. Choose correct
alternative from the five alternatives given there under.

26. What is the code of ‘come’ in the code language?

I ‘pit na tac’ means ‘come and go’ in that code language

II ‘ja ta da’ means ‘you are good’ in that code language

III ‘na da rac’ means ‘you can come’ in that code language

(1) Only I and II (2) Only II and III (3) Only I and III

(4) All I, II, and III (5) none of these

27. How is the girl in the photograph related to Kumar?

I Pointing to the photograph, Kumar said “she is the mother of my father’s only grand daughter”.

II Kumar has no siblings

III Pointing to the photograph, Kumar said “she is the only daughter-in-law of my mother”

(1) Any two of the three (2) Only I and II (3) Only II and III

(4) Either only III or only I and II (5) None of these

28. Who is the tallest among six boys P, T, N, D, Q and R?

I P is taller than D and N but not as tall as T

II R is taller than Q but not as tall as T

III Q is not taller than T and R

(1) Only I and II (2) Only II and III (3) Only I and III

(4) All I, II and III (5) Only I and either II or III

332
29. What is the total monthly salary of Vasu?

I Vasu’s basic salary is Rs.100 more than Rajan’s basic salary.

II Other allowances drawn by Rajan besides his basic salary are Rs.2000/- per month which is Rs.50/-
less than the other allowances of Vasu

III Rajan’s basic salary is Rs.1550/- per month

(1) Only II (2) Only II and III (3) Only I and II

(4) Only I and III (5) All I, II and III

30. What is Suman’s rank from the top in a class of forty students?

I Suman is 3 ranks below Deepak from the top

II Deepak’s rank from the bottom is 23.

III Suman is 3 ranks above Deepak from the bottom.

(1) Any two of the three (2) Only I and II (3) Only II and III

(4) All I, II and III (5) Either I and II or II and III

333