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Electromagnetism (Jay Ar)

Electromagnetism is the science of charge, encompassing electricity and magnetism as interrelated phenomena established in the 19th century and further clarified by Einstein's theory of relativity. Electric forces arise from stationary or moving charges, while magnetic forces are generated solely by moving charges. The interaction of electric and magnetic fields leads to the generation of electromagnetic waves, which include various forms of radiation traveling at the speed of light.

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3 views2 pages

Electromagnetism (Jay Ar)

Electromagnetism is the science of charge, encompassing electricity and magnetism as interrelated phenomena established in the 19th century and further clarified by Einstein's theory of relativity. Electric forces arise from stationary or moving charges, while magnetic forces are generated solely by moving charges. The interaction of electric and magnetic fields leads to the generation of electromagnetic waves, which include various forms of radiation traveling at the speed of light.

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Name: JAY- AR KADUSALE

Grade: 6-

Electromagnetism, science of charge and of the forces and fields associated with
charge. Electricity and magnetism are two aspects of electromagnetism.

Electricity and magnetism were long thought to be separate forces. It was not until the
19th century that they were finally treated as interrelated phenomena. In 1905 Albert
Einstein’s special theory of relativity established beyond a doubt that both are aspects of
one common phenomenon. At a practical level, however, electric and magnetic forces
behave quite differently and are described by different equations. Electric forces are
produced by electric charges either at rest or in motion. Magnetic forces, on the other
hand, are produced only by moving charges and act solely on charges in motion.

Electric phenomena occur even in neutral matter because the forces act on the
individual charged constituents. The electric force in particular is responsible for most
of the physical and chemical properties of atoms and molecules. It is enormously strong
compared with gravity. For example, the absence of only one electron out of every
billion molecules in two 70-kilogram (154-pound) persons standing two meters (two
yards) apart would repel them with a 30,000-ton force. On a more familiar scale,
electric phenomena are responsible for the lightning and thunder accompanying certain
storms.

Electric and magnetic forces can be detected in regions called electric and magnetic
fields. These fields are fundamental in nature and can exist in space far from the charge
or current that generated them. Remarkably, electric fields can produce magnetic fields
and vice versa, independent of any external charge. A changing magnetic field produces
an electric field, as the English physicist Michael Faraday discovered in work that forms
the basis of electric power generation. Conversely, a changing electric field produces a
magnetic field, as the Scottish physicist James Clerk Maxwell deduced. The
mathematical equations formulated by Maxwell
incorporated light and wave phenomena into electromagnetism. He showed that electric
and magnetic fields travel together through space as waves of electromagnetic radiation,
with the changing fields mutually sustaining each other. Examples of electromagnetic
waves traveling through space independent of matter are radio and television
waves, microwaves, infrared rays, visible light, ultraviolet light, X-rays, and gamma rays.
All of these waves travel at the same speed—namely, the velocity of light (roughly
300,000 kilometers, or 186,000 miles, per second). They differ from each other only in
the frequency at which their electric and magnetic fields oscillate.

REFERENCE:
https://www.britannica.com/science/electromagnetism

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