CURRICULUM GRADE 10 -12 DIRECTORATE

NCS (CAPS)

LEARNER SUPPORT DOCUMENT

GRADE 10: Term 1 - 4

ECONOMICS

STEP AHEAD PROGRAMME

2024
Page 1 of 78
PREFACE
This support document serves to assist learners offering Economics on how to revise each topic dealt with in the
classroom from Term 1 to Term 4. It should be used in conjunction with the 2024 Grade 10 Annual Teaching Plan,
2023 Grade 10 Examination Guidelines and 2021-2023 Grade 10 Step Ahead Learner Support Documents. Activities
should serve as a guide on how to prepare for tests and examinations. It covers the following topics:

1. BASIC CONCEPTS AND BASIC ECONOMIC PROBLEMS

2. CIRCULAR FLOW AND QUANTITATIVE ELEMENTS

3. BUSINESS CYCLES

4. DYNAMICS OF THE MARKET

5. PUBLIC SECTOR INTERVENTION

6. PRODUCTION POSSIBILITY CURVE

7. GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND GLOBALISATION

8. POPULATION AND LABOUR FORCE

9. LABOUR RELATIONS

10. UNEMPLOYMENT

11. ECONOMIC REDRESS

Page 2 of 78
TOPIC 1: BASIC CONCEPTS & BASIC ECONOMIC PROBLEM

ACTIVITY 1

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write
only the letter.

1.1.1 A social science that studies how people satisfy their needs and wants using scarce resources is called
___________

A. Mercantile law

B. Economics

C. Maritime economics

D. Business studies

1.1.2 A branch of economics that looks at the behaviour of the economy as a whole is known as ……………….

A. Microeconomics

B. Monetary economics

C. Econometric

D. Macroeconomics

1.1.3 A profession, job and position you hold during your working life is called ………..

A. Career path

B. Career

C. Skill

D. Interest

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1.1.4 The value of the alternative that is not chosen is known as ……………….

A. Product

B. Utility

C. Opportunity

D. Choice

1.1.5 The factor of production that earns interest is known as………………..

A. Land

B. Capital

C. Labour

D. Entrepreneur

2x5 = 10

1.2 Provide the economic term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term/concept next to the
question number. No abbreviations will be accepted.

1.2.1. The factor that combines the other three factors of production

1.2.2. A statement involving a subjective value judgement.

1.2.3. It means all things being equal

1.2.4. The basic economic problem that forces consumers to make a choice.

1.2.5. The industries that extract the basic raw materials from nature.

5x1 = 5

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ACTIVITY 2

2.1. Answer the following questions.

2.1.1 Name any TWO factors of production. (2)

2.1.2 Why is it important to study Economics with Mathematics for career opportunities? (2)

2.2 Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow.

2.2.1 Identify the basic economic problem from the above picture. (1)

2.2.2. Name any ONE basic economic question producers should consider. (1)

2.2.3. Briefly describe the term mass production (2)

2.2.4. Why is Economics regarded as social science? (2)

2.2.5. How can government ensure environment to ensure environmental sustainability? (4)

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ACTIVITY 3

3.1 Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

3.1.1. Identify ONE example of free goods from the extract. (1)

31.2. Mention any type of consumer goods. (1)

3.1.3. Briefly describe the term secondary sector (2)

3.1.4 Explain the importance of capital goods in the economy. (2)

3.1.5 How can the capital-intensive methods negatively affect the economy? (4)

3.4 Differentiate between positive and normative statements. (8)

3.5 Why are the FOUR elements of Economics important in the economy? (8)

Activity 4

4.1.1 Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow:

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4.1.1 Identify the problem in the extract above? (1)

4.1.2 Which institution is responsible for protecting human rights in South Africa? (1)

4.1.3 Briefly describe the term human rights. (2)

4.1.4 Explain one human right in the article that is being violated. (2)

4.1.5 How much would a worker earn per 5-day week if he/she works 10 hours per day?

Show all calculations. (4)

4.2 Discuss the four categories of product on which consumers spend their income (8)

4.3 How can we conserve our environment? (8)

Activity 5

5.1.1 Name TWO elements of Economics. (2 x 1) (2)

5.1.2 Why do economists use economic models? (1 x 2) (2)
5.2 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.

5.2.1 Identify a career related to Economics. (1)

5.2.2 Name ONE factor to consider when choosing a career. (1)
5.2.3 Briefly describe the term microeconomics. (2)
5.2.4 How does Economics relate to Computer Science? (2)
5.2.5 How can an economist use scientific methods to uncover regular economic patterns? (2 x 2) (4)

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Activity 6

6.1 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow

6.1.1 Identify an economic concept from the information above. (1)

6.1.2 Give ONE example of a capital good. (1)

6.1.3 Briefly describe the term opportunity cost. (2)

6.1.4 Why are resources scarce? (2)

6.1.5 How should producers allocate their resources to ensure the maximum amount of consumer

needs and wants are satisfied? (2 x 2) (4)

6.2 Distinguish between absolute scarcity and relative scarcity. (4 x 2) (8)

6.3 How effective are government policies in protecting the environment? (8)

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Activity 7

7.1 Study the diagram below and answer the questions.

7.1.1 Identify the element of economics depicted in the diagram, (1)

7.1.2 Name the economic system where decision-making is centralised. (1)

7.1.3 Briefly describe economic inefficiency. (2)

7.1.4 Why scarcity remains a problem in the economy? (2)

7.1.5 How can economic efficiency be achieved? (4)

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TOPIC 2: CIRCULAR FLOW AND QUANTITATIVE ELEMENTS

Activity 2

2.1. Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow.

2.1.1 Identify any participant in the two-sector model from the above cartoon. (1)

2.1.2 Name the flow that will occur during the payment for resources. (1)

2.1.3 Briefly describe the term circular flow. (2)

2.1.4 Why are households regarded as primary participants in the economy? (2)

2.1.5 How firms contribute to the circular flow (4)

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Activity 3

3.1 Study the diagram and answer the questions that follow.

3.1.1 What is depicted by the above graph? (1)

3.1.2. Name the sector that must be involved in the circular flow to be considered an open

economy? (1)

3.1.3. Briefly describe the term real flow (2).

3.1.4. Briefly explain the significance of government involvement in the circular

flow model. (4)

3.1.5. How does taxation impact the income of the participants in the economy? (4)

3.2 Differentiate between Injections and leakages (8)

3.3 Evaluate the significance of the open economy in the circular flow. (8)

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Activity 4

4.1.1 Name TWO participants in an open economy. (2 x 1) (2)

4.1.2 Why is the population growth rate important for government planning? (1 x 2) (2)

4.2 Study the table below and answer the questions that follow

4.2.1 Identify the sector that is the largest contributor to the GDP. (1)

4.2.2 Name the method that was used to calculate national production above (1)

4.2.3 Briefly describe the term gross national income. (2)

4.2.4 Calculate gross value added (GVA) as represented by A. (2)

4.2.5 What external factors contributed to the decline in gross value added (GVA) during 2020? (2 x 2) (4)

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Activity 5

5.1 Answer the following questions.

5.1.1 Name the TWO broad approaches to Economics. (2 x 1) (2)

5.1.2 Why is Economics an important subject for policymakers to study? (1 x 2) (2)

5.2 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.

5.2.1 Name the branch of Economics that deals with national aggregates. (1)

5.2.2 Which branch of Economics studies how low-income countries can

achieve economic prosperity? (1)

5.2.3 Briefly describe the term environmental economics. (2)

5.2.4 How does Mathematics relate to Economics? (2)

5.2.5 Why should people consider Economics when choosing a career? (2 x 2) (4)

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Activity 6

6.1 Study the illustration below and answer the questions that follow.

6.1.1 Identify ONE durable consumer good in the illustration above. (1)

6.1.2 Name ONE basic need of a household. (1)

6.1.3 Briefly describe the term consumption. (2)

6.1.4 Why consumption spending on health services increased during covid-19? (2)

6.1.5 How does scarcity affect freedom of choice of consumers in the economy? (2 x 2) (4)

6.2 Describe the differences between economic goods and free goods. (2 x 4) (8)

6.3 How does decrease in consumption spending affect economic growth? (4 x 2) (8)

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Activity 7

7.1 Study the table below and answer the questions.

Spending component Rands (billions)

Consumption spending (C) 1473
Government spending (G) 505
Investments (I) 468
Exports (X) 657
Less: Imports (M) (678)
GDP @ market price 2425
Factor income earned abroad by South Africans 34
Factor income earned in South Africa by foreigners 87
Gross National income A

7.1.1 Identify the method used to calculate GDP in the table above. (1)

7.1.2 Name any other method used to calculate GDP. (1)

7.1.3 Briefly describe the term Gross Domestic Product. (2)

7.1.4 Why is it important for consumers to spend on local products? (4)

7.1.5 Calculate the value of A on the table. Show ALL calculations. (4)

7.2 Distinguish between absolute scarcity and relative scarcity. (8)

7.3 How do injections affect economic growth? (8)

Activity 8

8.1 Discuss, in detail, the 4 participants of the circular flow of an open economy and the

interrelationships between them. (26)

8.2 How has BRICS membership helped South Africa with its foreign sector trade relationships? (10)

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TOPIC 3: BUSINESS CYCLES

ACTIVITY 1

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write
only the letter (A–D) next to the question number.

1.1.1 Unemployment rates in the business cycle will increase during a …

A prosperity

B recession.

C recovery.

D trough.

1.1.2 The vertical distance from the trend line to the turning points …

A. Amplitude

B upswing

C extrapolation

D a trend

1.1.3 The distance from peak to peak is measured by …

A Trendline

B lagging

C Length

D amplitude

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1.1.4 The general direction in which the economy is moving.

A trendline

B amplitude

C peak

D lagging indicator

1.1.5 The highest turning point of the business cycle is called ………

A contraction

B trend

C peak

D trough

1.2 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches the item in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A-I) next
to the question number (1.2.1 –1.2.10) in the ANSWER BOOK.

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1 Composite indicator A. Continuous decrease in the production output and
economic activities
1.2.2 Trough B. A period where the economic activities are increasing
and there is a positive investor confidence.
1.2.3 Boom C. The point where the unemployment is at its highest.
1.2.4 Expansion D. Indicators that change before the economy changes
1.2.5 Depression E. The stage immediately before and through the upper
turning point
1.2.6 F. A summary of the value of different indicators into a
single value

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1.3. Provide the economic term/concept for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term/concept next
to the question number. No abbreviations, acronyms or examples will be accepted.

1.3.1. A fluctuation in economic activities over a certain period of time.

1.3.2 A period that consists of both the recession and the depression phases.

1.3.3 Factors originating outside the market system that leads to the occurrence of business cycles.

1.3.4 The indicator that changes after the economy has changed.

ACTIVITY 2

2.1 Answer the following questions in your answer book.

2.1.1 Name the two causes of the business cycles. (2x1) = 2

2.1.2 How can the government to stimulate the economy during recession? (1x2) = 2

2.2 Study the following diagram to answer the questions that follow.

2.2.1 Identify the diagram represented above. (1)

2.2.2 Name the period labelled D-F. (1)

2.2.3 Briefly describe the term recession. (2)

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2.2.4 Briefly explain the effect positively of recovery phase in the economy? (2)

2.2.5 How can natural disasters like floods affect the agricultural production? (2x2) (4)

2.3 Briefly discuss lagging as an indicator in the business cycle. (8)

2.4 Briefly explain the endogenous reasons as a cause of business cycle. (8)

2.5 How can the government stimulate economic activities to smooth out cycles? (8)

ACTIVITY 3

3.1 Answer the following questions

3.1.1 List TWO periods of a business cycle. (2x1) 2

3.1.2 How are leading indicators used in the forecasting of business cycles? (1x2) 2

3.2 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.

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3.2.1 Identify ONE exogenous factor which can cause business cycles in the extract above? (1)

3.2.2 Mention one product that South Africa imports from Russia. (1)

3.2.3 Briefly describe the term endogenous causes. (2)

3.2.4 What economic activities take place during the recession phase? (2)

3.2.5 Why does inflation tend to fall during recessions? (4)

Activity 4

4.1 Answer the following questions.

4.1.1 Name any TWO phases of a business cycle. (2 x 1) (2)

4.1.2 Why do people migrate to urban areas? (1 x 2) (2)

4.2 Study the following table and answer the questions below.

4.2.1 Give an example of a coincident indicator. (1)

4.2.2 Which phase of a business cycle has the highest unemployment rate? (1)

4.2.3 Briefly describe the term business cycle. (2)

4.2.4 Explain the endogenous view of business cycles. (2)

4.2.5 How can the South Africa Reserve Bank (SARB) act proactively to prevent the economy from

falling into a recession? (4)

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ACTIVITY 5

5.1 Distinguish between the Keynesian and the Monetarist explanation of the causes of

business cycles (8)

ACTIVITY 6

6.1 Discuss in detail the effects of the business cycles. (26)

6.2 How can the exogenous factors influence economic fluctuations? (10)

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TOPIC 4: DYNAMICS OF THE MARKET

Activity 1

1.1 Study the article below and answer the questions that follow

1.1.1 Identify the market structure depicted above. (1)

1.1.2 What is the main challenge for Eskom currently? (1)

1.1.3 Briefly describe the term market. (2)

1.1.4 Explain the nature of a product that is being sold by Eskom. (2)

1.1.5 How does load shedding impact the South African economy? (2x2) (4)

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Activity 2

2.1 Answer the following questions.

2.1.1 Name any TWO functions of the markets (2 x 1) (2)

2.1.2 How can the market surplus be corrected in the economy? (1 x 2) (2)

2.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow

2.2.1 Identify the original equilibrium quantity in the graph above. (1)

2.2.2 Name one factor that determines the demand for a product. (1)

2.2.3 Briefly describe the term substitute goods (2)

2.2.4 Explain one factor that may cause the demand curve to shift to the right. (1 x 2) (2)

2.2.5 How can businesses encourage a shift of the supply curve to the right? (2 x 2) (4)

2.3 Briefly discuss the number of suppliers and barriers to entry as characteristics of a perfect market. (2)

2.4 Evaluate the impact of the imperfect market in the economy of a country. (8)

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Activity 3

3.1.1. Name two examples of oligopoly (2)

3.2 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.

3.2.1 Identify the market structure above (1)

3.2.2 Name any other type of an imperfect market (1)

3.2.3 Briefly describe the term inefficiency (2)

3.2.4 Briefly explain the nature of the product as the characteristic of a Monopoly (2)

3.2.5 How can Eskom improve efficiency in the supply of power? (4)

3.2 Distinguish between shift of the demand curve and movement along the demand curve (8)

3.3 How can government resolve the problem of load shedding? (8)

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Activity 4

4.1 Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow.

4.1.1 Identify the imperfect market depicted in the image above. (1)

4.1.2 Name ONE other competitor in the cellular service provider industry that does not appear in the image

above. (1)

4.1.1.3 Briefly describe the term monopoly. (2)

4.1.4 What advantage is there for consumers if more service providers join the South African cellular

market? (2)

4.1.5 What would be required for the market structure to be a perfect market? (4)

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Activity 5

5.1 Answer the following questions.

5.1.1 Name any TWO requirements for the establishment of a market. (2 x 1) (2)

5.1.2 How does a minimum price benefit business? (1 x 2) (2)

5.2 Study the following graph and answer the questions that follow.

5.2.1 Identify the name of the graph above. (1)

5.2.2 Which chocolate bar has a marginal utility of “0”. (1)

5.2.3 Briefly describe the term marginal utility (2)

5.2.4 Explain the relationship between utility and demand of a product. (2)

5.2.5 Distinguish between utility and marginal utility. (4)

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Activity 6

6.1 Study the following cartoon and answer the questions that follow.

6.1.1 What type of market structure is illustrated in the cartoon above? (1)

6.1.2 Give ONE example of such a monopolistic competition. (1)

6.1.3 Briefly describe the term monopoly. (2)

6.1.4 Briefly explain heterogeneous products as a characteristic of a monopoly. (2)

6.1.5 How can having more grocery stores in town benefit consumers? (4)

Activity 7

7.1 Answer the following questions.

7.1.1 Give two factors that determine the existence of a market. (2x1) (2)

7.1.2 What is the effect of scarce resources on producers? (2)

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7.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow:

7.2.1 Identify curve labelled F on the graph. (1)

7.2.2 What is the equilibrium quantity in the diagram? (1)
7.2.3 Briefly describe the concept demand. (2)
7.2.4 How will the introduction of new and better products in the market affect the demand curve? (2)
7.2.5 Calculate the surplus/shortage that will occur when the price is R50. Show all calculations. (4)

Activity 8

8.1 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.

8.1.1 What is the opportunity cost of increasing production of commodity B from 10 -18? (1)
8.1.2 If all the factors of production were used to produce commodity B, how much of it could be
produced? (1)
8.1.3 Briefly describe the concept production possibility curve. (2)
8.1.4 What is the effect of an outward shift of the production possibility curve on the economy? (2)
8.1.5 Use the information from the table above to construct a fully labelled
Production Possibility Curve. (4)

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Activity 9

9.1 Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow:

9.1.1 Define the concept production possibility curve. (2)

9.1.2 Which curve will produce better production combinations? Give a reason for your answer. (2)

9.1.3 Give THREE possible reasons why curve AB shifted to CD. (3x2) (6)

9.2 Discuss FOUR characteristics of perfectly competitive markets. (4x2) (8)

Activity 10

10.1 Answer the questions that follow.

10.1.1 List TWO functions of markets. (2x1) (2)

10.1.2 Explain the law of supply. (2)

10.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow.

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10.2.1 Give the Equilibrium Price and Quantity. (2)

10.2.2 At what price is there an excess demand? Explain your answer. (4)

10.2.3 What are TWO factors that could influence the supply and the quantity supplied? (2x2) (4)

Activity 11

11.1 Discuss, in detail, price formation under the following headings:

• Equilibrium point, price, and quantity

• Change in demand and supply Use fully labelled graphs. (26)

11.2 In your opinion, why are subsidies given by government to the different role-players

in the economy. (10)

[40]

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TOPIC 5: PUBLIC SECTOR INTERVENTION

Activity 1

Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow.

D S

R 27.58
Living wage
R 25.42 rate

S D

0 50 100 150 Quantity of labour

1.1.1 Identify the original wage rate from the graph above. (1)

1.1.2 Name ONE group of employees affected by the scenario represented by the graph. (1)

1.1.3 Briefly describe the term minimum wage. (2)

1.1.4 Briefly explain the purpose of implementing living wage. (2)

1.1.5 How does the implementation of minimum wages negatively affect the producer? (4)

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Activity 2

2.1 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow.

2.1.1 Identify the maximum price in the graph above. (1)

2.1.2 Name any ONE product on which the government can impose a maximum price. (1)

2.1.3 Briefly describe the term minimum price. (2)

2.1.4 Why would government intervene in the market by levying taxes on demerit goods? (2)

2.1.5 How would maximum prices influence market in the economy? (4)

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Activity 3

3.1 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow.

3.1.1 Identify the original market price on the graph above. (1)

3.1.2 Name any ONE product on which the government can offer a subsidy to consumers. (1)

3.1.3 Briefly describe the term employment subsidy. (2)

3.1.4 Explain the effects of subsidies on producers of goods and services. (2)

3.1.5 Why are markets reluctant to produce public goods? (4)

Activity 4

4.1 Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow.

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4.1.1 Identify the other type of indirect tax not mentioned above. (1)

4.1.2 Name the institution that collect taxes on behalf of the government. (1)

4.1.3 Briefly describe the term direct taxes. (2)

4.1.4 Explain the effect of indirect taxes on the consumption of the demerit goods. (2)

4.1.5 How can increase in taxes on the imported goods affect the economy? (4)

Activity 5

5.1. Study the cartoon below and answer the questions that follow.

5.1.1 Identify the type of grant in the cartoon above. (1)

5.1.2 Name the institution that is responsible for social grant payments in South Africa. (1)

5.1.3 Briefly describe the term merit goods. (2)

5.1.4 Explain the effect of social grants on the poor living households. (2)

5.1.5 How can increase in social grants negatively affect the economy? (4)

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Activity 6

6.1 Examine the effects of setting maximum price on petrol in South Africa. (8)

6.2 How will the increase in indirect taxes affect the economy? (2)

6.3 Evaluate the implementation of the minimum wage. (8)

6.4 How would implementation of maximum prices negatively impact the economy? (8)

Activity 7

7.1 Study the data item below and answer the questions that follow.

7.1.1 Identify the tax paid on salaries. (1)

7.1.2 Name any tax collected by SARS. (1)

7.1.3 Briefly describe the term disposable income. (2)

7.1.4 Why does the South African government impose taxes? (2)

7.1.5 Using a graph, illustrate how a raise in income tax will affect the demand for goods. (4)

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Activity 8

8.1 Study the following image and answer the questions that follow.

8.1.1 Identify the tax applicable on the products in the image. (1)
8.1.2 Name any other example of indirect taxation. (1)
8.1.3 What is meant by direct taxation? (2)
8.1.4 Briefly explain why government will impose tax on products like alcohol and cigarettes. (2)
8.1.5 What is an impact of an increase in indirect tax on the price of products. (4)
8.3 How can the government protect consumers against exploitation by imperfect markets? (8)

Activity 9
9.1 With the aid of graphs, discuss in detail the following methods of public sector intervention:
• Maximum prices (13)
• Minimum prices (13)
(26)
9.2 Debate arguments in favour of minimum wages (10)

Activity 10
10.1 Discuss the reasons for, and impact of minimum wages on supply and demand in the labour
market. (26)
10.2 Give recommendations to government on how they can prevent market failure. (10)
[40]

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TOPIC 6: PRODUCTION POSSIBILITY CURVE

ACTIVITY 1

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the correct answer and write only the letter (A-D) next to the question
number (1.1.1-1.1.4) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.1.5. D

1.1.1 Points inside the Production Possibility curve indicate a(an)…..

A Scarcity

B Inefficiency

C Making choice

D Efficiency

1.1.2 A situation in which the current combination of goods and service does not give the
maximum satisfaction is called …….
A utility

B productive efficiency

C budget line

D allocative inefficiency

1.1.3 A situation where it is not possible to make someone better off without making
someone worse off indicates ….
A inefficiency

B market failure

C Pareto efficiency
D scarcity

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1.1.4 The cost expressed in terms of the next best alternative sacrificed is called……

A Fixed cost
B Production cost
C Opportunity cost
D Total costs (2×4)

1.2 Match the concepts in column A to description in column B. Write only the correct letter next to
the question number .e.g (1.2.9 J).
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1 Unattainable point A When producers produce fewer goods than are desired at
a higher price, or more goods at a lower price
1.2.2 Market Failure B the limited supply of resources relative to people’s needs
and wants
1.2.3 Scarcity C Is the point where maximum utilization takes place at a
price that the consumer can afford
1.2.4 Optimum consumption D A point to the right of the production possibility curve that
cannot be reached.
E This is achieved when it is not possible for an economy to
allocate its scarce resources to produce more of one good
without producing less of another good.

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ACTIVITY 2

2.1.1 Identify the curve that shows an outwards movement of the PPC. (1)
2.1.2 Name any one type of inefficiency? (1)
2.1.3 Briefly describe the term production possibility curve. (2)
2.1.4 What does the shift of a curve from X1Y1 to X2Y2 shows? (2)
2.1.5 How can PPC be influenced by technology. (4)

ACTIVITY 3

3.1 Study the illustration bellow and answer the questions that follow

3.1.1 What is depicted in the above graph. (1)

3.1.2 Identify the point that shows efficiency (1)

3.1.3 Briefly describe the term opportunity cost. (2)

3.1.4 What is the purpose of the production possibility curve? (2)

3.1.5 Why the producer cannot to produce above the PPC curve? (4)

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ACTIVITY 4

4.1 Analyse productive inefficiency with the aid of a production possibility curve.

4.2 Discuss the internal factors that affect the position of the production possibility. (8)

ACTIVITY 5
5.1 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow.
PRODUCTION POSSIBILITIES
The production possibilities in the table below indicate the potential production of a hypothetical farmer if all his
resources are used efficiently. The farmer produces apples and pears. When he uses all his resources to produce
apples, he cannot produce pears. When he uses all his resources to produce pears, he cannot produce apples. He
does not have enough resources to produce the maximum number of apples and pears.
POSSIBILITY APPLES PEARS
A 14 0
B 12 10
C 9 18
D 5 25
E 0 30
Source: [BARTLEBY.COM]
5.1.1 Identify the combination where the farmer will produce no pears. (1)
5.1.2 How many apples will be produced at Point B? (1)
5.1.3 Briefly describe the term pareto efficiency. (2)
5.1.4 Why the producer produces zero apples at combination E? (4)
5.1.5 Use the information from the table above to construct a fully labelled Production
Possibility Curve. (4)

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5.1.6 Discuss productive inefficiency and allocative inefficiency as effects of market failure.

ACTIVITY 6
Use the graph below to explain the production possibility curve.

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Activity 7

7.1 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow.

7.1.1 Identify the point where optimal production takes place. (1)
7.1.2 Name the point where we will not be able to produce due to a shortage of resources. (1)
7.1.3 Briefly describe the term production possibility curve. (2)
7.1.4 Describe production at point B. (2)
7.1.5 Calculate the opportunity cost if production moves from point C to point D.
Show ALL calculations. (4)
7.2 Distinguish clearly between price ceilings and price floors. (8)
7.3 Analyse productive inefficiency with reference to a production possibility curve. (8)

Activity 8

• Discuss, in detail, price formation under the following headings:

- Equilibrium point, price, and quantity

- The effects on markets when there is both a decrease in demand and supply (26)

• How does an increase in the price of the petrol affect producers and consumers? (10)

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TOPIC 7: GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND GLOBALISATION

Activity 1

1.1. Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A – D) next to the question numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.8) in the
ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.9 D.

1.1.1. Which ONE of the following is not an example of an important system in the evolution of
economic systems?
A. Feudalism
B. Metallurgy
C. Mercantilism
D. Communism

1.1.2. The field of study that that deals with customs and practices of local and international commerce
is called …
A. mercantile law.
B. political science.
C. common law.
D. social science.

1.1.3 The economic system where factors of production are owned by private individuals is known as …
A. Communism
B. Capitalism
C. Socialism
D. Free market

1.1.4 he process of people moving from rural areas to urban areas is called …Urbanisation
A. Migration
B. Manufacturing
C. Travelling
D.

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1.1.5. The economic system where factors of production are controlled by the state is called…
A. Capitalism
B. Industrialisation
C. communism
D. privatization

1.1.6. The organization of workers who bond together to achieve their common goals is known as…
A. Cooperatives
B. political party
C. workers Institutions
D. Labour unions

1.2 Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches an item in COLUMN A.

Write only the letter (A – I) next to the question numbers (1.2.1 to 1.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.2.9

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1 Barter A. A modern medium of exchange
1.2.2 Self sufficiency B. A system of exchange where goods or services are directly
exchanged for the same goods or services
1.2.3 Imperialism C. An increase in the amount of goods and services produced in a
country.
1.2.4 Money D. The process of transforming the economy from agriculture to
manufacturing.
1.2.5 Trade E. People produce what they need for themselves
1.2.6 Industrialization F. The activity of buying goods and services.
1.2.7 Economic Growth G. The extension of a country’s power and influence the world
through political relations or military force

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 1.3 Give economic term/concepts for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the
question numbers (1.3.1 to 1.3.6) in the ANSWER BOOK. Abbreviations, acronyms and examples will
NOT be accepted.

1.3.1. The world-wide interaction and integration among people, companies and governments worldwide
1.3.2. People move from place to place for food and water.
1.3.3. Firm focus on the production of one item in order to become more efficient.
1.3.4. An improvement in the living conditions and lifestyle of people.
(4x1) (4)

Activity 2

2.1 Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow:

2.1.1 What type of trade is depicted in the picture above? (1)

2.1.2 Mention the means of payment represented barter trade nowadays. (1)

2.1.3 Briefly describe the concept specialization. (2)

2.1.4 What is the benefit of surplus production to the economy? (2)

2.1.5 How specialization lead to an increase in international trade? (4)

2.2 Distinguish between economic growth and economic development. (2 x 4) (8)

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Activity 3

3.1 Read the following extract and answer the questions that following questions.

3.1.1 Identify one characteristic of self-sufficient societies. (1)

3.1.2 Name one feature of subsistence agriculture. (1)

3.1.3 Briefly describe the term Nomadic. (2)

3.1.4 Explain the positive impact of technological progress on economic growth? (2)

3.1.5 How household and business savings contribute to the improvement of the economy. (4)

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Activity 4

4.1 Study the extract below and answer the following questions.

4.1.1 Identify the type of economic system referred in the above extract? (1)

4.1.2 Mention the sector which allocate the resources in the extract above? (1)

4.1.3 Briefly describe the term economic system. (2)

4.1.4 Why South Africa is regarded as a mixed economy. (2)

4.1.5 How can International Trade benefit the South African economy? (4)

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Activity 5

5.1 Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow:

5.1.1 Identify the process depicted in the illustration above. (1)

5.1.2 Mention one reason that makes people prefer to live in cities? (1)

5.1.3 Briefly describe the term urbanization. (2)

5.1.4 What are the socio-economic problems resulting from urbanisation? (2)

5.1.5. What measures may be used to slow down the rate of urbanisation? (4)

5.2 Briefly discuss the evolution of labour unions. (4 x 2) (8)

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Activity 6

6.1.1 Name any TWO of the G7 countries. (2 x 1) (2)

6.1.2 What role did the development of towns and cities play in early economic development? (1 x 2) (2)

6.2 Study the information below and answer the questions.

6.2.1 Identify the current infant mortality rate in South Africa. (1)

6.2.2 Name the measure for infant mortality. (1)

6.2.3 Briefly describe the term mortality rate. (2)

6.2.4 According to the graph, what development has taken place over the last 70 years? (2)

6.2.5 How can infant mortality be lowered in South Africa? (2 x 2) (4)

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Activity 7

7.1 Study the Picture below and answer the questions.

7.1.1 Identify the parastal responsible for power supply in South Africa. (1)

7.1.2 Name One natural resource that is used as source of power in South Africa. (1)

7.1.3 Briefly describe the term Natural resources. (2)

7.1.4 Why is South Africa experiencing loadshedding? (2)

7.1.5 How does loadshedding negatively impact producers? (2 x 2) (4)

7.2 Differentiate between a positive and negative economic growth rate. (2 x 4) (8)

7.3 How did an increase in the demand for goods and services contribute to industrial development?

(4 x 2) (8)

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Activity 8

8.1 Study the picture below and answer the questions that follow.

8.1.1 Identify the process depicted in the illustration above. (1)

8.1.2 Name One reason for people moving to cities? (1)

8.1.3 Briefly describe the term urbanisation. (2)

8.1.4 Why is the growing rate of urbanisation a problem for local government? (2)

8.1.5 What measures may be used to slow down the rate of urbanisation? (2 x 2) (4)

8.2 Distinguish between economic growth and economic development. (2 x 4) (8)

8.3 How do markets contribute to the improved functioning of the economy? (8)

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Activity 9

9.1.1 Name TWO South African labour unions. (2 x 1) (2)

9.1.2 Why is a rapidly growing population a challenge for developing nations? (1 x 2) (2)

9.2 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow.

9.2.1 Identify the quarter with the highest real GDP growth. (1)

9.2.2 Which economic indicator is used to measure economic growth? (1)

9.2.3 Briefly describe the term gross domestic product. (2)

9.2.4 Why do injections lead to an increase in economic activity? (2)

9.2.5 What is the cause of the low economic growth rate in South Africa? (2 x 2) (4)

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Activity 10

10,1 Study the following cartoon and answer the questions below.

10.1.1 What percentage of people in Africa are below the age of 20? (1)

10.1.2 According to the cartoon, what is the biggest driver of population growth in Africa? (1)

10.1.3 Briefly describe the term migration. (2)

10.1.4 Why is it necessary to do a population census? (2)

10.1.5 What is the effect of a high population growth rate on the South African economy? (2 x 2) (4)

10.2 Discuss the age composition and geographic distribution of the South African labour force. (4 x 2) (8)

10.3 What are some solutions that can be used to address environmental problems? (4 x 2) (8)

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Activity 11

11.1 Answer the following questions.

11.1.1 Name any TWO SETAs created by the National Skills Authority. (2 x 1) (2)

11.1.2 How do SMMEs contribute to the creation of jobs? (1 x 2) (2)

11.2 Study the following extract and answer the questions that follow.

11.2.1 Who are most likely to be employed through the Expanded Works Programme? (1)

11.2.2 Name the economic policy implemented in 1994 aimed at addressing the imbalances of

the past. (1)

11.2.3 Briefly describe the term economic growth. (2)

11.2.4 Why should human resources be used as an approach to alleviate poverty? (2)

11.2.5 How can a long-term unemployment rate impact on the standard of living? (4)

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Activity 12

12.1 Study the graph below and answer the questions.

12.1.1 Identify the sector the registered the highest growth rate on the graph. (1)

12.1.2 What contributed to the negative growth rate in construction, (1)

12.1.3 Briefly describe the term Gross National Product. (2)

12.1.4 Briefly explain the impact of leakages on GDP. (4)

12.1.5 How does the foreign sector affect the local economy? (4)

Activity 13

13.1 Discuss, in detail, industrial development with focus on the following aspects:

• Mechanisation of production
• Urbanisation and migration (26)

13.2 How did the influx of immigrants contribute to the industrial development of South Africa? (10)

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TOPIC 8: POPULATION AND LABOUR FORCE

ACTIVITY 1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the answer and write
only letter (A-D) next to the question number (1.1.1-1.1.5)

1.1.1 An increase in the number of people who reside in a country is called …….
A. Migration
B. Population growth
C. Birth rate
D. Death rate

1.1.2 The number of years a new-born infant is expected to live is known as …

A. Natural growth
B. Emigration
C. Life expectancy
D. Unemployment

1.1.3 The average number of children born alive to a woman in her bearing (reproductive) years is called…
A. Population size
B. Economically active population
C. Mortality rate
D. Fertility rate

1.1.4 The movement of people leaving a country to settle permanently in another country is called …
A. Migration
B. Emigration
C. Labour force
D. Unemployment rate.

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1.1.5. People between the ages of 15-65 years who sell their labour for remuneration is called …
A. Economically Active Population (EAP’s)
B. Unemployment rate
C. Demographics
D. Forced migration (2x5) (10)

1.2 Choose a description in column B that matches an item in column A. write only the letter next to the
question number e.g., 1.1.5 F

COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.1.1 Unemployment A. The movement of people from rural to urban area.
1.1.2 Census B. The difference between the birth rate (live births) and the
death rate of a population during a year.
1.1.3 Urban migration C. A situation where members of the labour force are
without work.
D. The process of counting people in a country.
1.1.4 Demographics E. Market where labour is traded.

1.1.5 Natural growth rate F. The evolution over time of the population profile of a
country, region or other defined geographic area

(1X5)=5

ACTIVITY 2

2.1 Study the diagram below and answer the questions that follow:

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2.1.1 Identify the source of the above information. (1)

2.1. 2 By how much did the employment numbers increase by in Q4? (1)

2.1.3 Briefly describe the term employment. (2)

2.1.4 Explain the reason why people move to urban areas. (2)

2.1.5 Why is it important for the government to know the population growth rate in the country? (4)

Activity 3

3.1 Study the graph below and answer the questions that follow:

3.1.1 Identify the percentage of urban population size in 2023. (1)

3.1.2 Name the institution that publishes the above information. (1)

3.1.3 Briefly describe the term forced migration. (2)

3.1.4 How will the net migration influence the South African economy? (2)

3.1.5 What are the effects on wages when population increase due to immigration? (4)

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ACTIVITY 4

4.1 Discuss in detail service delivery in urban areas in the year 1994 compared to 2020. (8)

4.2 Discuss immigration and foreigners in term of SA population size. (2X4) (8)

4.3 Discuss age composition and geographic distribution in terms of SAs labour force. (8)

4.4 Discuss the reasons why unemployment has increased in South African in the last few years. (8)

ACTIVITY 5

5.1 Discuss the population composite of South African labour force under the following headings:

• Age composition (6)

• Employment and unemployment (10)
• Geographical composition (10)
(26)

Additional

5.2 How is immigration and emigration affecting the South African population? (10)

Activity 6

6.1 Discuss, in detail, the South African population size. (26)

6.2 What impact does the spread of COVID-19 have on the labour force of a country? (10)

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TOPIC 9: LABOUR RELATIONS

ACTIVITY 1

1.2 Match column A with column B, write only the write letter next to the question number.

Column A Column B

1.2.1 Bargaining councils A. Worker’s association that protect worker’s rights

1.2.2 Brain drain B. The handling of hearing and passing of judgement on a

dispute by partial referee.

1.2.3 Labour force C. An legislation that outlines rights and responsibilities of

employer and employee

1.2.4 Arbitration D. Group of representatives from labour unions and employers ‘

organization

1.2.5 Trade union E. People between the age of 15-65 who offers their mental
and physical effort in the work place

1.2.6 Labour relations act F. Emigration of skilled workers to other countries

G. People receiving the same fair labour practice

1.3 Give ONE term for EACH of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question numbers
(1.3.1. to 1.3.5.).

1.3.1 The movement of people from other countries to South Africa.

1.3.2 An organization that was established to resolve disputes that cannot be settled within the business.

1.3.3 An institution that grant relief and interdict labour relations.

1.3.4 A process of negotiations between an employer and a representative of employees.

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ACTIVITY 2

2.1.1 Name any Two Acts that protect worker’s rights in the workplace. (2)

2.1.2 How labor forums enforce good labour relations? (2)

2.2 Study the cartoon below and answer the questions that follow:

2.2.1 Identify the industrial action shown on the above cartoon. (1)

2.2.2 Mention one reason for industrial action above. (1)

2.2.3. Briefly describe the term majorification. (2)

2.2.4 Why do worker’s strike result to huge losses ? (2)

2.2.5 How Labour Relations Act (LRA) contributes to the welfare of workers. (2x2) (4)

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ACTIVITY 3

3.1 Study the extract below and answer questions that follow.

WORKERS DAY
According to Statistics SA, 3,728 million South Africans (registered to pay tax) belong to trade unions and 8, 95
million do not. Of the unionized workers about 2 million belong to COSATU - after the defection of NUMSA and its
290 000 members. Unemployment rates also vary significantly between population groups. Among black South
Africans it is 27,1% (38,5% - expanded definition); among Coloureds 23% (26,8%) ; among Indians it is 12,5%
(17,1%) and among whites it is only 7,2% (8,4%).
Source: www.politicsweb.co.za

3.1.1 Identify the institution that is responsible for publishing figures above. (1)

3.1.2 Name the trade union with more membership in the above extract. (1)

3.1.3 Briefly describe the term labour market. (2)

3.1.4 Why is it important for CCMA not to belong to any political party? (2)

3.1.5 How can the trade unions benefit employees? (4)

ACTIVITY 4

4.1.1 Name TWO elements that determine the wage rate. (2)

4.1.2 How can the demand for labour be affected by the demand for the product? (2)

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4.2 Study the graph below and answer questions that follow.

Google images.com

4.2.1 Identify the equilibrium wage on the above graph. (1)

4.1.2 Which product or service is offered for sale in this market? (1)

4.1.3 Describe the term collective bargaining. (2)

4.1.4 Briefly explain what will happen to the wage rate if supply curve shifts to the right in the

above graph. (2)

4.1.5 Calculate the market shortage of labour if wage rated is reduced to R900 in the graph above.

Show all calculations (4)

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ACTIVITY 5

5.1 Discuss the functions of bargaining council (8)

5.3 Discuss the basic condition of employment acts in South Africa. (8)

5.2 How can the rights of labour affect the economy? (8)

Activity 6

6.1 Study the data below and answer the questions that follow.

6.1.1 Give ONE example of people who are economically inactive. (1)

6.1.2 What does the population between the ages of 15 – 64 represent? (1)

6.1.3 Briefly describe the term involuntary migration. (2)

6.1.4 Why is the rapid rate of urban migration a problem for the government? (2)

6.1.5 Calculate the unemployment rate for the 4th quarter of 2022. (2 x 2) (4)

6.2 Differentiate between economic growth and economic development. (2 x 4) (8)

6.3 How do high immigration figures impact local wages? (4 x 2) (8)

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Activity 7

7.1 Answer the questions that follow.

7.1.1 List TWO labor rights that are protected in terms of the Constitution of South Africa. (2x1) (2)
7.1.2 Explain how arbitration works. (1x2) (2)

7.2 Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

30 June 2024
2023

7.2.1 Identify the company involved in the labor dispute in the extract. (1)
7.2.2 Name One institution that must resolve the matter? (1)
7.2.3 Briefly describe the term labor. (2)
7.2.4 What will be an impact of increase in wages in the economy? (4)
7.2.5 How will the strikes affect the economy? (4)

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TOPIC 10: UNEMPLOYMENT

ACTIVITY 1

1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Choose the correct
answer and write down the letter (A – D) next to the question number (1.1.1 to 1.1.4) in the ANSWER
BOOK, e.g. 1.1.5 D.

1.1.1 Unemployment that occurs when people move between jobs is called …

A. seasonal.
B. structural.
C. cyclical.
D. frictional

1.1.2 A condition from the economically active age group who is willing to work and is looking for work, but
cannot find work is referred to as…

A. employed
B. underemployed
C. full employed
D. unemployment

1.1.3 All employed people from 15 to 65 years of age are classified as…

A. economically active population

B. economically marginalized population
C. economically productive population
D. economically non-active population

1.1.3. A government policy implemented in 2010 with the aim of creating five million jobs by 2020 is called…..
A. Accelerated share growth initiative of South Africa
B. New growth path
C. New development plan
D. Expanded public work programme

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1.1.4. The overall inability of an economy to provide employment for its total labour force, leads to …
unemployment.
A. seasonal
B. cyclical
C. frictional
D. structural

1.1.5. A law passed to promote equal opportunity in the workplace is know as…….
A. Labour Relations Act
B. Employment Equity Act
C. RDP
D. GEAR

1.2. Choose a description from COLUMN B that matches the item in COLUMN A. Write only the letter (A
– I) next to the question number (1.2.1 to 1.2.8) in the ANSWER BOOK.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1 SETAs A. A forced lay-off of employees by a firm, usually to cut down its
payroll.
1.2.2 Unemployment B. Refers to when people work fewer hours or days than are willing and
Insurance Fund able to work.
1.2.3 Labour force C. Their main responsibility is to set up training schemes called
learnerships
1.2.4 Underemployment D. The economically active population consisting of people between the
ages of 15 and 65 who are actively seeking jobs
1.2.5 JIPSA E. Provides temporary income for people who have lost their jobs.
1.2.6 Affirmative Action F. Is an initiative that supports and encourages training and skills -
development efforts of the public and private sector that support
economic growth
1.2.7 Retrenchment G. Includes all people who are out of work whether or not they are
willing or able to work.
H. Is a policy that tries to reduce discrimination by ensuring equal
opportunity in employment

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1.3 Give ONE term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to the question
number (1.3.1 to 1.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK. Abbreviations, acronyms and examples will NOT be
accepted.

1.3.1 The proportion of the economical active population that finds employment in the formal sector of the
economy.

1.3.2 People who are willing and able to work but cannot find a job.

1.3.3 The percentage of the working age population who are employed.

1.3.4 The number of unemployed people divided the number of people actively participating in the labour force

1.3.5 The institution that provides unemployment figures according to the narrow and broad definition of
unemployment in South Africa

ACTIVITY 2

2.1 Answer the questions below.

2Name any TWO types of unemployment (2 x 1) (2)

2.1.2 How can the government solve unemployment through fiscal policy? (2)

2.2 Study the extract below and answer the questions that follow.

ADDRESSING THE UNEMPLOYMENT CHALLENGE

Recent data has shown that the country’s joblessness rate has come down slightly. Statistics South Africa’s
Quarterly Labour Force Survey (QLFS) has shown that the unemployment rate decreased from 32.9% in the
first quarter to 32.6% in the second quarter of 2023.

Granted, the figure is marginal - but 154 000 new jobs were created in the second quarter, taking the number
of employed persons to 16.3 million - a flicker of hope for those who may have given up on finding work.

SAnews.gov.za

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2.2.1 Identify the number of jobs created in the second quarter of 2023. (1)
2.2.2 What is the age range of the South African labour force? (1)

2.2.3 Briefly describe the term unemployment. (2)

2.2.4 Explain the importance of unemployment figures in the economy? (2)

2.2.5 How migration affect labour supply in South Africa? (4)

ACTIVITY 3

3.1 Answer the questions below.

3.1.1 List any TWO causes of unemployment. (2 x 1) (2)

3.1.2 What is the relationship between technology and unemployment?

3.2 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.

Youth unemployment ticking time bomb

3.2.1 Identify the institution responsible for calculating the South African unemployment rate. (1)

3.2.2 Name ONE example of marginalised groups. (1)

3.2.3 Briefly describe the term economically marginalised group. (2)

3.2.4 Why is unemployment among the youth higher than in the other age groups? (2)

3.2.5 How can the government help to lower the unemployment rate? (4)

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3.3 Discuss the social costs of unemployment. (8)

3.4 Why unemployment has increased in South African in the last few years. (8)

ACTIVITY 4

4.1 Answer the following questions.

4.1.1 List any TWO causes of unemployment. (2 x 1) (2)

4.1.2 How do informal sector contribute to creation of jobs?

4.2 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.

4.2.1 Identify the underemployment rate in the first quarter of 2023. (1)

4.2.2 What is trend of time related underemployment between 2020 and 2022? (1)

4.2.3 Briefly describe the term labour force. (2)

4.2.4 Explain investment in education as a measure to reduce unemployment? (2)

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4.2.5 How does unemployment affect the economy? (4)

4.3 Discuss government measures to improve employment in South Africa. (8)

4.4 How can the government intervene to ensure participation of the marginalized groups

in the economy? (8)

ACTIVITY 5

5.1 Answer the following questions.

5.1.1 List any TWO objectives of the public works programmes. (2 x 1) (2)

5.1.2 How does education and training contribute in the reduction of unemployment? (2)

5.2 Study the information below and answer the questions that follow.

5.2.1 Identify the quarter that shows high number of population. (1)

5.2.2 Mention one type of labours. (1)

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5.2.3 Briefly describe the term cyclical unemployment. (2)

5.2.4 Explain the benefit of employee training and development. (2)

5.2.5 Calculate the unemployment rate for the Q3 of 2023. Show all calculations. (4)

5.3 Distinguish between seasonal unemployment and structural unemployment. (8)

5.4 Analyse SA’s strategies to redress the issue of unemployment. (8)

Activity 6

6.1 Study the cartoon below and answer the questions that follow

6.1.1 Identify ONE economic problem from the cartoon above. (1)
6.1.2 Name the programme introduced to create jobs in South Africa. (1)
6.1.3 Briefly describe the concept Black Economic Empowerment. (2)
6.1.4 Why was the BEE programme introduced in South Africa? (2)
6.1.5 Describe the effect of the Black Economic Empowerment Act on women in the South African
economy. (4)

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6.2 Discuss public works programmes and unemployment insurance as methods to combat

unemployment. (8)

6.3 How has the government solved the issue of land distribution in South Africa? (8)

Activity 7

7.1 Study the data item below and answer the questions that follow.

7.1.1 Identify ONE requirement from the cartoon for the man to apply for the job advertised. (1)

7.1.2 Which institution provides statistical information for unemployment in South Africa? (1)

7.1.3 Briefly describe the term seasonal unemployment. (2)

7.1.4 Why should the government be concerned with the high unemployment rate in our country? (2)

7.1.5 How can the government intervene to ensure participation of the marginalised groups in

the economy of the country? (4)

7.2 Discuss the causes of poverty in the country. (8)

7.3 Why does the government need to intervene in the economy? (8)

Page 73 of 78
ACTIVITY 8

ESSAY TYPE QUESTIONS

8.1 Discuss unemployment in detail under the following headings:

• Frictional unemployment (8)

• Cyclical unemployment (8)
• The economic costs of unemployment (10)
8.2 How can the supply-side approach stimulate job creation? (10)

[40]

Activity 9

9.1 Discuss unemployment in detail under the following headings:

- Causes of unemployment

- Effects of unemployment (26)

9.2 How can the government solve unemployment through monetary and fiscal policy? (10)

[40]

Page 74 of 78
TOPIC 11: ECONOMIC REDRESS

SECTION A

Activity 1
1.1 Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions. Write down the
question number (1.1.1 - 1.1.5) and write only letter (A - D) next to the question number in the
ANSWER BOOK.

1.1.1 The strategy where the government compensate. marginalized people in South Africa is known as …

A. economic redress
B. economic marginalization
C. economic growth
D. economic equilibrium

1.1.2 The summary of state income and expenditure is called …

A. RDP
B. AsgiSA
C. budget
D. constitution

1.1.3 The money that is available for businesses to run everyday expenses is referred to as … capital
A. fixed
B. property
C. real
D. working

1.1.4 The facility that is used to transmit electric and deliver fossil fuels to household and businesses is
called…infrastructure
A. communication
B. energy
C. transport
D. railway

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1.1.5 The physical and mental effort of people used by businesses in the production of goods and services is
called … resource
A. capital
B. natural resource
C. human resource
D. machines

ACTIVITY 2

2.1 Read the information below and answer the questions that follow:

2.1 Name the Act used by the High Court to redress challenges of the Goringhaicona Khoi. (1)
2.2 Which other natural resource can be used to improve welfare of indigenous people. (1)
2.3 Briefly describe the concept affirmative action. (2)
2.4 Why do indigenous people require skills development? (2)
2.5 Briefly explain the effect of land expropriation without compensation on the economy. (4)

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ACTIVITY 3
3.1 Read the information below and answer the questions that follow

NEDLAC 28 SUMMIT
The summit provided an opportunity for a larger delegation of NEDLAC social partners from organized
business, community, organized labour and other stakeholders to receive reports on activities of the institution.

The summit focused on how NEDLAC and its partners can collaborate in crisis situations that include health
crisis, natural disasters, deteriorating, climate change and others.
Source: www.iol.co. infrastructure za

3.1.1 Identify the words above that relate to trade unions. (1)

3.1.2 Name any one committee which debates economic issues in parliament. (1)

3.1.3 Briefly describe the concept monetary policy. (2)

3..3.4 Briefly explain the role of Advertising Standard Authority as a self-regulatory body. (4)

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ACTIVITY 4
4.1 Study the following information and answer the question.

ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE IN 2023

Macroeconomic indices
Income inequality 0,67
GDP 0,6
Employment rate 40,95
Inflation rate 5,1
Exchange rate (ZAR vs USD) R18,78
Source: www.tradingeconomics.com

4.1 Identify the index that relate to the gap between the rich and poor. (1)
4.2 What is the inflation target in South Africa? (1)
4.3 Briefly describe the concept exchange rate. (2)
4.4 Briefly Explain the impact of education on employment. (2)
4.5 How can the government alleviate poverty in South Africa? (4)

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