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The document is a research project on electromagnetic induction, detailing its principles, theory, applications, and safety precautions. It discusses the process of generating voltage through changing magnetic fields, as first discovered by Michael Faraday. The project also highlights practical applications such as electrical generators and transformers, along with necessary precautions for experiments.

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7 views

Phy Final Removed

The document is a research project on electromagnetic induction, detailing its principles, theory, applications, and safety precautions. It discusses the process of generating voltage through changing magnetic fields, as first discovered by Michael Faraday. The project also highlights practical applications such as electrical generators and transformers, along with necessary precautions for experiments.

Uploaded by

gunrajsinghmalhotra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

MODERN SCHOOL

PHYSICS WORKING MODEL


BASED RESEARCH PROJECT

ELECTROMAGNETIC
INDUCTION

GUNRAJ SINGH MALHOTRA


ROLL NUMBER 14
S7C

1|Page
INDEX

S.no Contents Page


no
1. AIM 3
2. INTRODUCTION 4
3. PRINCIPLE 5
4. THEORY 6
5. WORKING AND 7
CONSTRUCTION
6. OBSERVATION 11
7. CONCLUSION 12
7. APPLICATION OF EMF 13
8. PRECAUTION 14
9. BIBLIOGRAPHY 15

2|Page
AIM
To study the phenomenon of
Electromagnetic Induction Direction of
Move

3|Page
INTRODUCTION

Electro Magnet: An electromagnet is a type of magnet in


which the magnetic field is produced by electric current. The
magnetic field disappears when the current is turned off.
INDUCTION: This process of generating current in a
conductor by placing the conductor in a changing magnetic
field is called induction.
Electromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic induction is the
production of a potential difference (voltage) across a
conductor when it is exposed to a varying magnetic field.
Electromagnetic induction is when an electromagnetic field
causes molecules in another object to flow. Induction can.
produce. electricity (in coils), heat (in ferrous metals), or
waves (in a radio transmitter).
Finally, it is referring to the phenomenon where an emf is
induced when the magnetic flux linking a conductor change.
Magnetic Flux is defined as the product of the magnetic flux
density and the area normal to the field through which the
field is passing. It is a scalar quantity and its S.I. unit is the
weber (Wb).

Magnetic flux(Φ) = BA

4|Page
PRINCIPLE

Electromagnetic induction (or sometimes just


induction) is a process where a conductor
placed in a changing magnetic field (or a
conductor moving through a stationary
magnetic field) causes the production of a
voltage across the conductor. This process of
electromagnetic induction, in turn, causes an
electrical current - it is said to induce the
current

5|Page
THEORY
INVENSION:
Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of
induction in 1831 though it may have been anticipated by the
work of Francesco Zantedeschi in 1829. Around 1830 to 1832,
Joseph Henry made a similar discovery, but did not publish his
findings until later.
Induced e.m.f:
If magnetic flux through a coil is altered then an e.m.f. will be
generated in the coil. This effect was first observed and
explained by Ampere and Faraday between 1825 and 1831.
Faraday discovered that an e.m.f. could be generated either by,
(a) moving the coil or the source of flux relative to each other or
(b) By changing the magnitude of the source of magnetic flux.
Note that the e.m.f. is only produced while the flux is changing.
For example, consider two coils shown below

6|Page
Working and Construction
Current is produced in a conductor when it is moved
through a magnetic field because the magnetic lines of
force are applying a force on the free electrons in the
conductor and causing them to move. This process of
generating current in a conductor by placing the
conductor in a changing magnetic field is called induction.
This is called induction because there is no physical
connection between the conductor and the magnet. The
current.is said to be induced in the conductor by the
magnetic field. One requirement for this electromagnetic
induction to take place is that the conductor, which is
often a piece of wire, must be perpendicular to the
magnetic lines of force in order to produce the maximum
force on the free electrons. The direction that the induced
current flows is determined by the direction of the lines of
force and by the direction the wire is moving in the field.
In the animation above the ammeter (the instrument
used to measure current) indicates when there is current
in the conductor.

7|Page
Lenz's Law:
When an emf is generated by a change in magnetic flux
according to Faraday's Law, the polarity of the induced emf is
such that it produces a current whose magnetic field opposes
the change which produces it. The induced magnetic field
inside any loop of wire always acts to keep the magnetic flux
in the loop constant. In the examples below, if the B field is
increasing, the induced field acts in opposition to it. If it is
decreasing, the induced field acts in the direction of the
applied field to try to keep it constant.

LENZ LAW

8|Page
Applications of
electromagnetic Induction
Electrical Generator:

The EMF generated by Faraday's law of induction due to


relative movement of a circuit and a magnetic field is the
phenomenon underlying electrical generators. When a
permanent magnet is moved relative to a conductor, or vice
versa, an electromotive force is created. If the wire is
connected through an electrical load, current will flow, and
thus electrical. Energy is generated, converting the
mechanical energy of motion to electrical energy

9|Page
Electrical transformer:
The EMF predicted by Faraday's law is also responsible for
electrical transformers. When the electric current in a loop of
wire changes, the changing current creates a changing
magnetic field. A second wire in reach of this magnetic field
will experience this change in magnetic field as a change in its
coupled magnetic flux, d ΦB /dt. Therefore, an electromotive
force is set up in the second loop called the induced EMF or
transformer EMF. If the two ends of this loop are connected
through.an electrical load, current will flow.

10 | P a g e
OBSERVATION
Magnet is moved at certain rate and certain voltage is
produced. = Magnet is moved at faster rate and
creating a greater induced voltage. = Magnet is moved
at same speed through coil that has greater number of
turn and greater voltage is induced.

11 | P a g e
CONCLUSION

Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction, first observed


and published by Michael Faraday in the mid-nineteenth
century, describes a very important electro-magnetic
concept. Although its mathematical representations are
cryptic, the essence of Faraday’s is not hard to grasp: it
relates an induced electric potential or voltage to a dynamic
magnetic field. This concept has many far-reaching
ramifications that touch our lives in many ways: from the
shining of the sun, to the convenience of mobile
communications, to electricity to power our homes. We can
all appreciate the profound impact Faraday’s Law has on us.

12 | P a g e
APPLICATION OF
ELECTROMAGNETIC
INDUCTION IN REAL LIFE

The principles of electromagnetic induction are


applied in many devices and systems, including:
• Electrical generators
• Induction motors
• Induction sealing
• Inductive charging
• Transformers
• Wireless energy transfer
• Wireless charger

13 | P a g e
PRECAUTIONS
• Do all the connection carefully
• Do not scratch insulated copper wire while making
loop
• Do not use digital voltmeter for above
demonstration
• Do not use very thick or thin copper wire
• Use only insulated copper wire
• Keep yourself safe from high voltage
• Before doing any experiment please consult to
your subject teacher or lab assistance

14 | P a g e
BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Wikipedia.com
2. Google search engine
3. Physics NCERT book class 12

15 | P a g e

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