Magnetic Field, Biot-Savart Law--Magnetic Field Due toa

Concept of
Current Carrying
Current Element, Magnetic Field Due to a Straight
Current Loop
Conductor, Magnetic Field Due to Current a Carrying Loop,
Solenoid, Motion of a
as a Magnetic Dipole, Ampere's Circuital Law, The
Charged Particle in a Uniform Magnetic and Electric Fields

(1 Mark)
MCQ Multiple Choice Questions
5. Which one of the following has relative magnetic
1. Aparticle of mass m and charge q moving with a permeability between 0 and 1? [2023]
uniform velocity î = Vi+ Voj enters aregion
(a) Aluminium (b) Alnico
with a magnetic field B = B,j. After some time, (c) Water (d) Sodium
an electric field E = Ej is also switched on in 6. Beams of electrons and protons move
parallel to
the region. The resulting path described by the
each other in the same direction. They: [20231
particle will be: [2023]
(a) attract each other.
(a) a circle in x-z plane
(b) repel each other.
(b) a parabola in xy plane (c) neither attract nor repel.
(c) ahelix with constant pitch
(d) force of attraction or repulsion depends upon
(a) a helix with increasing pitch speed of beams.
2 Which of the following graphs correctly represents 7. A long straight wire of radius a' carries a steady
the variation of the magnitude of the magnetic current I. The current is uniformly distributed
field outside a straight infinite current carrying across its area of croSS-section. The ratio of
wire of radius 'a', as afunction of distance 'r magnitude of magnetic field B, at and B, at
from the centre of the wire? [2023] 2
B
distance 2a is: [2023]
B
1
(a) 2
(b) 1
(a) (b) (c) 2 (d) 4
0 a 8. An electron with velocity v =(v,i +v) moves

B B through a magnetic field B = (B,i B, j). The

force F on the electron is: (e is the magnitude
(c) (d) of its charge) [2023 (C))
a (a) -e(vB, -y,B)k (b) e(r,B, - y,B,)k
3. Anelectron enters a uniform magnetic field with
(c) -e(,B, +yB)k (d) e("B, -y,B,)k
9. A long straight wire in the horizontal plane carries
speed v. It describes a semicircular path and comes a current of 15 A in north to south direction.
out of the field. The final speed of the electron
is: [2023| The magnitude and direction of magnetic field
at a point 2.5 m east of the wire respectively are:
(a) Zero (b) v
(2021]
(c) (d) 2v
2 (a) 1.2 T, vertically upward
4. A particle of mass m and charge -q is moving (b) 1.2 T, vertically downward
with auniform speed v in a circle of radius r, with (c) 0.6 uT, vertically upward
another charge q at the centre of the circle. The (d) 0.6 T, vertically downward
value of r is: [20231 10. An electron is projected with velocity v along the
2
1 1 axis of a current carrying long solenoid. Which
(a)
4TE, m (9) (b)
4TE) M one of the following statements is true? (2021]
(a) The path of the electron will be circular about
()
m
(c) (d) the axis.
 (Physics)-12 magnetic fieldat the centre
70 Chapterwise CBSE PYQS through it. The new
[2021)
will be accelerated along the axis. is: B,
(b) The electron helical. BÍ (d) 9B,
path of the clectron will be the (a) 3B, (b) (c)
(c) The
electron will continue to move with 3
being accelerated through
(d) The solenoid. charged particle after
the axis of the 15. A enters in a uniform
samevelocity v along a potential
difference
charged particle moving in
a a circle of radius r. If
11. If the speed v of a
to B) ishalved, magneticfield and moves in circle will become:
perpendicular Visdoubled, the radius of
the
magneticficld B(v is path will: [2021| [2020]
then the radius of its
(a) not change (b) /2r
times (a) 2r
(b) become two (d) V2
(c) become one-fourth (c) 4r
(d) become haltf each move in the same
Two electrons of charge 'e'
electric field E and magnetic 16.
a constant speed 'v'
12. In acertain region
to each other. An
circulas path of radius r with associated with the
field B are perpendicularperpendicular to the each. The magnetic moment
electron enters the region is:
motion of these electrons evr
[2020(C)]
undeflected.
direction of bothEand B and moves (6)
[2021] (a) evr
The speed of the electron is: 2
(a) EB (b) |XB| 4nre
|B| (c) ev (d)
(d) n, have equal
(c)
B 17. Two particles of mnasses m, and through a
Cis moving with a charges. They are accelerated from rest
14. A test charge of 1.6 x 10 potential difference V and then enter in a region
in a magnetic field
velocity V= (4i+ 3k) m s
B =(3k + 4i) I. The force on this test charge of uniform magnetic field B. If they describe
[2021] circular paths of radii r, and r,, respectively, then
is: [2020(C)]
(a) 24 jN (b) - 24 îN the value of m,/m, is:
(c) 24 k N (d) 0 (b)
(a) nB
14. Acircular current carrying coil produces a magnetic
field Bo at its centre. The coil is rewound so as to
have three turns and the same current is passed (c) (d)
r}B
SA Short Answer Type [l] Questions (2 Marks)

18. An alpha particle is projected with velocity 21. An a-particle and a proton of the same kinetic
V=(3.0>x 10 m/s) iinto a region in which magnetic energy are in turn allowed to pass through a
field B = [(0.4 T)i + (0.3 T)4] exists. Calculate magnetic field B , acting normal to the direction
the acceleration of the particle in the region.
i, jand k are unit vectors along x, y andz axis of motion of the particles. Calculate the ratio
respectively and charge to mass ratio for alpha of radii of the circular paths described by them.
particle is 4.8 x 10' Ckg. [2023] [2019]
19. A wire of length / is in the form of a
circular loop 22. A deuteron and an alpha particle having same
Aof one turn. This loop is momentum are in turn allowed to pass through a
B of three turns. Find the ratio reshaped into loop
of the magnetic field B, acting normal to the direction
fields at the centres of loop A and loop magnetic
B for the of motion of the particles. Calculate the ratio of
same current through them.
20. Write the expression for the
(2023] the radii of the circular paths described by them.
Lorentz force on a (2019]
particle of charge q moving with a velocity ù in a
magnetic field B. When is the 23. A horizontal overheadpower line
carries a
force maximum? Show that nomagnitude of this of 90 A in east to west direction, Whatcurrent
is the
this force on the particle during work is done by
its motion from magnitude and direction of the magnetic field
apoint rË to point . due to the current 1.5 mn below the
(2023| line? [2019]
 Moving Charges and Magnetism 71

24. An iron ring of relative permneability H, has presence of electric andmagnetic field vectors can
windings of insulated copper wire of nturns per be used to select charged particles of a particular
metre. When the current in the windings is I, find speed. [2017]
the expression for the magnetic ficld in the ring. 26. A charge q of mass m is moving with a velocity
|20181
of v, at right angles to a uniform magnetic field
25. Find the condition under which the charged B. Deduce the expression for the radius of the
particles moving with different speeds in the circular path it describes. [2017(C)

SA Short Answer Type [ll] Questions (3 Marks)

27. Two circular loops A and B, each of radius 3 m, are perpendicular to each other lying in the XY and
placed coaxially at a distance of 4 m. They carry YZ planes. Find the magnitude and direction
currents of 3 A and 2 A in opposite directions of the net magneticfield at the centre of the
respectively. Find the net magnetic field at the coils. [2017]
centre of loop A. [2023] 32. (a) State the condition under which a charged
28. Two identical loops P and Q each of radius 5 cm particle moving with velocity v goes
are lying in perpendicular planes such that they undeflected in a magnetic field B.
have a common centre as shown in the figure. Find (b) An electron, after being accelerated througha
the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic potential difference of 10* V, entersa uniform
field at the common centre of the two coils, if they magnetic field 0.04 T, perpendicular to its
carry currents equal to 3 A and 4 A respectively. direction of motion. Calculate the radius of
[2019] curvatureof its trajectory. [2017]
33. A proton and an a-particle move perpendicular
to a magnetic field. Find the ratio of radii of
the circular paths described by them when both
() have equal momenta, and (iü) were accelerated
through the same potential difference. [2017]
34. A proton and an a-particle move perpendicular to
a magnetic field. Find the ratio of radiiof circular
29. (a) A particle of charge 'q' and mass m', moving pathsdescribed by them when both have (i) equal
with velocity ù' is subjected to a uniform velocities, and (iü) equal kinetic energy. [2017]
magnetic field B perpendicular to its velocity. 35. (a) Draw the pattern of magnetic field lines for
Show that the particle describes a circular path. a circular coil carrying current.
Obtain expression for the radius of the circular (b) Two identical circular
path of the particle. loops X and Y of
(b) Explain, how its path will be affected if the radius R and carrying x
velocity ùmakes an angle 0(90°) with the the same current are
direction of the magnetic field. [2019(C)] X

30. (a) Write the expression for the force F acting kept in perpendicular
planes such that
on a particle of mass m and charge q moving they have a common
with velocity vin a magnetic field B. Under centre at P as shown
what conditions will it move in () a circular in the figure. Find the magnitude and direction
path and (ii) a helical path? of the net magnetic field at the point P due
(b) Show that the kinetic energy of the particle to the loops. [2017(C))
moving in magnetic field remains constant. 36. (a) Write the expression for the magnetic force
[2017|
acting on a charged particle moving with
31. (a) State Biot-Savart's law and express this law velocity v in the presence of magnetic field B.
in the vector form. (b) A neutron, an electron and an alpha particle
(6) Two identical circular coils, P and Q each of moving with equal velocities, enter a uniform
radius R, carrying currents 1 A and /3 A magnetic field going into the plane of the paper
respectively, are placed concentrically and
72 Chapterwise CBSE PYQs (Physics)-12
"" flows through the inner solenoid S, to the
as shown. Trace their paths in the field and other end B, which is connected to the oute.
justify your answer. [2016]
solenoid S, through which the same current p
flows in the opposite direction so as to come
out at end A. If n, and n, are the number of
X turns per unit length, find the magnitude and
direction of the net magnetic field at a point (i)
inside on the axis and (ii) outside the combined
37. A uniform magnetic field of 6.5 x 10 T is system. [2014)
maintained in a chamber. An electron enters into
the field with a speed of 4.8 x 10° m/s normal to
the field. Explain why the path of the electron is
a circle. Determine its frequency of revolution in
the circular orbit. Does the frequency depend on
the speedof the electron? Explain. [2015]
38. (a) State Ampere's circuital law, expressing it in
the integral form.
(6) Two long coaxial insulated solenoids, S, and N, turns
S, of equal lengths are wound one over the
other as shown in the figure. Asteady current N, turns

LA Long Answer Type Questions (5 Marks)

39. (i) State Biot-Savart's law for the magnetic field If the radius of the orbit is 10-0 m, find the
due to a current carrying element. Use this law current constituted by the revolving electron
to obtain an expression for the magnetic field in the orbit. [20231
at the centre of a circular loop of radius 'a' 40.
Write any two important points of similarities and
and carrying a current T. Draw the magnetic differences each between Coulomb's law for the
field lines for a current loop indicating the electrostatic field and Biot-Savart's law for the
direction of magnetic field. magnetic field.
(ü) An electron is revolving around the nucleus
in a circular orbit with a speed of 10 ms'.
Use Biot-Savart's law to find the expression for
the magnetic field due to a circular loop of radius
P carrying current I at its centre. [2015]

Force on aCurrent Carrying Conductor in aUniform Magnetic Field,

Force Between TWo Parallel Current Carrying Conductors, Definition of
Ampere, Torque Experienced by a Current Loop in a Uniform Magnetic
Field, Moving CoilGalvanometer

MCQ Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark)

1. In amoving coil galvanometer, the deflecting torque acting on the coil is
through it as: related to the current Iflowing
[2023)
(c) t «I
 Moving Charges and Magnetism 73

2 Two thin long parallel wires A and Bare separated

by adistance r and carry current Ieach in the (b) 21r
vertically downward
same direction. The force per unit length exerted
by A on wire B is: [2023] (c) vertically upward
attractive (b) repulsive
(a)
2, 2rr (d) TU
vertically downward
5. Two moving coil galvanometers G, and G, have
(c)) attractive (d) repulsive the following particulars respectively:
2rr 2Tu
N, =30, A, = 3.6 x 10 m', B, = 0.25 T
3. Two long parallel wires kept 2 m apart carry 3A N, =42, A, = 1.8 x 10 m', B, = 0.50T
current cach, in the same direction. The force per The spring constant is same for both the galvanometers.
unit length on one wire due to the other is: [20231 The ratio of current sensitivities of G, and G, is: [2021]
(a) 4.5 x 10 N/m, attractive (b) 7:5
(a) 5:7
(b) 4.5 x 10 N/m, repulsive (c) 1:4 (d) 1:1
(c) 9 x 10 N/m, repulsive 6. Acurrent carrying square loop is suspended in a
(d) 9 x 10 N/m, attractive uniform magnetic field acting in the plane of the
4. Two horizontal thin long parallel wires, separated loop. If the force on one arm of the loop is F,
by a distance r carry currentIeach in the opposite the net force on the remaining three arms of the
directions. The net magnetic field at a point midway loop will be: [2021]
between them, will be: [2023]
(a) 3F (b) -3F
(a) zero
(c) F (d) -F

Short Answer Type [l] Questions (2Marks)

SA
10. A galvanometer coil has a resistance of 12 S and
7. Two wires of equal lengths are shaped in the form the meter shows full scale deflection fora current
of asquare loop and a circular loop. Both loops of 3 mA. How will you convert the meter into a
are suspended in a uniform magnetic field. Prove voltmeter of range 0 to 18 V? [2019]
that for the same current, the circular loop will 11. How is a moving coil galvanometer converted into a
experience larger torque. [2023]
is voltmeter? Explain, giving the necessary circuit diagram
8. Briefly explain why and how a galvanometer [2023]
and the required mathematical relation used. [20191
converted into an ammeter.
wires A and B 12. Explain, giving reasons, the basic difference in
9. Two long and parallel straight the same
converting a galvanometer into (i) a voltmeter,
carrying currents of 8.0 A and 5.0A in cm. and (ii) an ammeter. [2019]
direction are separated by a distance of 4.0
wire A.
Estimate the force on a 10 cm section of
[2019]

(3 Marks)
SA Short Answer Type [Il] Questions
convert it into avoltmeter of range (0-V) and
13. Two infinitely long parallel conductors A and inB, a resistance R, to convert it into a
voltmeter
Separated by 2 cm, carry6 A and 2 A currents of range (0 - 2V). Find the resistance of the
opposite directions respectively. Find: galvanometer. [2023]
(a) the net magnetic field at a point midway 15. (a) It is not advisable to use a
galvanometer as
between A and B. such to measure current directly. Why?
connected
(b) the force acting per unit length on B. [2023] (b) Whyshould the value of resistance
low?
of in parallel to a galvanometer be
14. (a) Briefly describe how the current sensitivity
increased. (c) Isthe reading shown by an ammeter
in a circuit
amoving coil galvanometer can be deflection less than or more than the actual
value of
(6) Agalvanometer shows full scale to current flowing in the circuit?Why? [2023(C)|
for current ,. A resistance R, is required
 (Physics)-12
Chapterwise CBSE PYQs force and express it.
74 20. State the Lorenz's pair of vectors are
noving vector form. Which
16. (a) State the underlying principle of a
coil galvanometer.
always
perpendiculartoeach other? Derivethe expression
galvanometer
cxplain why a carrying conducte
for the forceacting on acurrentmagnetic
(b) Give two reasonsbetouscd to measure the value of length L in a uniform
field
cannot as such
circuit.
of the current in a given sensitivity and (ii) (2017(C))
carry steady
voltage
(c) Define the terms: () galvanometer. [2019] 21. Two long straight parallel conductors If the
current sensitivity of a current I, and 1, separated by a distance d. sho.
17. Answer the folloving: introduce a currents are flowing in the same direction,
an
() Why is it necessary to coil of how the magnetic field set up in one produces
cvlindrical soft iron core inside the attractive force on the other. Obtain the expression
agalvanometer?
sensitivity of a for this force. Hence define one ampere. [20161
() Increasing the current increase 22. State the working principle of a
galvanometer.
galvanometer may not necessarily Converted
its voitage sensitivity. Explain, giving reason. A galvanometer of resistance G is
volts by
[20191 into a voltmeter to mneasure up to V
the coil
of the connecting a resistance R, in series with
18. (a) Define SI unit of current in terms it.
force between twO parallel current carrying If a resistance R, is connected in series with
Find the
conductors. then it can measure up to V/2 volts.
(b) Two long straight parallel conductors carrying resistance, in terms of R, and R,, required to be
steady currents I, and I, along the same connected to convert it into a voltmeter that can
direction are separated by a distance d. read up to 2V. Also find the resistance G of the
How does one explain the force of attraction galvanometer in terms of R, and Ry. (2015]
between them? If a third conductor carrying 23. (a) Two longstraight parallel conductors 'a' and'b',
a current I, in the opposite direction is placed carrying steady currents I, andI, are separated
just in the middle of these conductors, find the by a distance d. Write the magnitude and
resultant force acting on the third conductor. direction of the magnetic field produced by the
[2018(C)] conductor »a' at the points along the conductor
19. The figure shows three infinitely long straight b'. If the currents are flowing in the same
parallel current carrying conductors. Find the direction, what is the nature and magnitude of
(i) magnitude and direction of the net magnetic the force between the two conductors?
field at point A laying on conductor 1, (b) Show with the help of a diagram how the
(iü) magnetic force on conductor 2. [2017] force between the two conductors would
A
1 change when the currents in them flow in the
opposite directions. [2014)
31 2

2r

41 -3

LA Long Answer Type Question

(5 Marks)
24. (i) Derive an expression for the force acting on
acurrent carrying straight (ü) Two long parallel straight wires A and B are
conductor kept in
a magnetic field. State the rule 2.5 cm apart in air. They carry 5.0 A and
which is used
to find the direction of this
force. Give the 2.5 A currents respectively in opposite
condition under which this force is directions. Calculate the magnitude of tne
(1) maximum, and (2) torce exerted by wire A on a 10 cm lengtn
minimum. of wire B. [2023]
 Moving Charges and Magnetism 75

Assertion and Reason Questions

AR
questions, two statements are given experiences a torque which is greater than the torque
For the following on a circular loop made of the same wire carrying
Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason
onelabelled the samc current in the same magnetic field.
the correct answer to these questions from the
(R). Select Reason (R): A square loop occupies more area than
given bclow.
odes (a), (b), (c)and (d) as
BothAand Rare true and Ris the correct explanation acircular loop, both made of wire of the same length.
(a) [20231
of A.
(6) Both Aand R are true but R is NOT
the correct 3. Assertion (A): The deflecting torque acting on
is
explanation of A. a current carrying loop is zero when its plane
(c) A is true but R is
talse. perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field.
(d) A is false and R is also
false. Reason (R): The deflecting torque acting on a loop
field B is
1. Assertion (A): When radius of a circular loop of magnetic moment m in a magnetic
carrying a steady current is doubled, its magnetic given by the dot product of m and B. [2023]
moment becomes four times. 4. Assertion (A): When a charged particle
moves with
Reason (R): The nagnetic moment of a circular loop velocity in a magnetic field B(v 1 B),
the force
carrying asteady current is proportional tothe area on the particle does no work.
Reason (R): The magnetic force is perpendicular to
of the loop. [2023]
2, Assertion (A): A current carrying square loop made the velocity of the particle. [2021]
of a wire of lengthL is placed in a magnetic field. It

CBO Case-Based Question

with a (üi) What is the potential difference applied?

1. A beam of electrons moving horizontally (b) 286.37 V
velocity of 3 × 10' m/s enters a region between two (a) 268.73 V
(d) 1137.5 V
plates as shown in the figure. A suitable potential
the
(c) 568.75 V
difference is applied across the plates such that
lower (iv) At a point A, there is an electric field of
the
electron beam just strikes the edge of 500 V/m and potential difference of 3000 V.
[2023(Modified)]
plate. The distance between the point charge and
cm A is
(a) 6 m (b) 36 m
3 cm (d) 144 m
the above: (c) 12 m
Answer the following questions based on Or
take to strike
(i) How long does an electron
the edge? (iv) The electric potential at the surface of an
(b) 10-8 s atomic nucleus (Z = 50) of radius 9.0 x
(a) 10-7 s
(d) 10-10 s 10-15 cm is
(c) 10- s (b) 8 x 10 V
followed by (a) 9 x 10 V
(ü) What is the shape of the path (c) 80 V (d) 9 v
the electron?
(a) Straight line (b) Parabola
(c) Hyperbola (d) Ellipse