DETAILED LESSON PLAN

Content Standard The learner demonstrates key concepts of axiomatic structure of

geometry and triangle congruence.
Performance Standard The learner is able to communicate mathematical thinking with
coherence and clarity in formulating, investigating, analyzing, and
solving real-life problems involving congruent triangles using
appropriate and accurate representations.
Learning Competency The learner proves two triangles are congruent.
I. OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
1. Identify AAS Theorem, HyA Theorem, HyL Theorem, LA Theorem, LL Theorem;
2. Participate on finding AAS Theorem, HyA Theorem, HyL Theorem, LA Theorem, LL Theorem;
and
3. Demonstrate understanding of AAS Theorem, HyA Theorem, HyL Theorem, LA Theorem, LL
Theorem.
II. SUBJECT MATTER
Topic: Proving Two Triangles are Congruent
Time Frame: 45 minutes
Materials:
Teaching Strategy:
References: DepEd.
III. PROCEDURE
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preparatory Activities
1. 1. Preliminary/ies Good morning, class!
Good morning, Teacher
Jam.
Before we begin, let’s take a moment to
pray and ask for guidance.

May I ask (Student) to pray? Yes, Teacher.

Let’s all close our eyes and bow our
heads.
Dear God, …Amen.

Amen! Thank you, (Student). You may

now seat.

Now, let me introduce myself to those

who don’t know me. My name is
Jamaica, Jamaica C. Soliano, but you
can call me Teacher Jam. I am your pre-
service Math teacher from Caraga State
University. I am so excited to be here
with you today!

In my class, I want all of you to feel

comfortable, have fun, and do your best.
Math can be challenging, but together,
we will make it easy and enjoyable!

Now, let’s check attendance. Let’s see

 who’s here today. When I call your
name, tell me one fun fact about
yourself. It can be your favorite hobby,
food, or anything interesting about you!
Okay, class? Yes, Ma’am
2. 2. Review Alright, before we dive into today’s
activity, let’s do a quick review. Are you
all ready, class? I hope you still
remember your last topic.

Pick wisely, okay? Because some

envelopes contain special challenges.
3. 3. New Lesson
a. Motivation
b. Presentation By the end of today’s lesson, you
learners are expected to…“

“Everybody, kindly read todays

objectives.”

“Thank you for reading the objectives

class. Are the objectives clear to you?”
c. Setting of “Since it was clear to you, now let me
Standards present to you our class rules for today.
These rules will be the guidelines we will
follow to ensure a respectful, productive,
and enjoyable learning environment.
Let's remember to uphold these rules as
we explore the fascinating world of
 geometry together."

“Kindly read the rules on the screen.”

LEAD
L-isten when the teacher is
talking.
E-ngage by raising your
hand to speak.
A-ct kindly and respectfully.
D-emonstrate good behavior.

Okay, thank you class for reading it out.

I hope that these rules are clear and all
of you will adhere to these rules. Can I
expect that from all of you?”

“Alright.”
B. Developmental Activities
1. Activity
2. Analysis
3. Abstraction AAS (Angle-Angle-Side) Congruence
Theorem
If two angles and the non-included side
of one triangle are congruent
respectively to the two angles and the
non-included side of another triangle,
then the two triangles are congruent.

In Figure 1, given that ∆DOG ≅ ∆CAT,

D ≅ C , G ≅ T as marked, while
DO ≅ CA tells the congruence of the
non-included sides.

HyA (Hypotenuse-Acute angle)

Congruence Theorem
If
the hypotenuse and a leg of one right
triangle are congruent to the
corresponding hypotenuse and a leg of
another triangle, then the triangles are
congruent.
This theorem can be applied to right
triangles only. Figure 2 at the right
shows two right triangles ∆RGA and
∆MSA. The hypotenuses AR and AM
are congruent as marked, RGA and
MSA are congruent because they are
right angles, GAR and SAM are
acute angles and GAR  SAM
because they are vertical angles. Using
these congruent parts, the two triangles
are congruent by HyA Congruence
Theorem.

HyL (Hypotenuse-leg) Congruence

Theorem
If the hypotenuse and a leg of one right
triangle are congruent to the
corresponding hypotenuse and a leg of
another triangle, then the triangles are
congruent.

Again, this theorem can be applied to

right triangles only. As shown in Figure

𝐴𝑅 are legs, and UB and 𝐴𝐶 are the

3 at the right, ∆USB  ∆ARC. US and

hypotenuses of the given

triangles, US  AR and UB  AC as
marked, while S  R ,
because both are right angles. The two
right triangles are congruent by HyL
Congruence Theorem.

LA (leg-acute angle) Congruence

Theorem
If a leg and an acute angle of one right
triangle are congruent to a leg and an
acute angle of another right triangle,
then the triangles are congruent.
In the two right triangles in Figure 4, GU
and RA are the congruent legs as
marked, and M and P are
congruent acute angles as marked, and

angles. Hence, 𝐺𝑈 and ∠𝑀 are

G  R because both are right

respectively to 𝑅𝐴 and ∠𝑃. The two

congruent

right triangles are congruent by LA

Congruence Theorem.

LL (Leg Leg) Congruence Theorem

If the legs of one right triangle are
congruent to the legs of another right
triangle, then the triangles are
congruent.

In the figures, AB and OC are the longer

legs while BG and CP are the shorter
legs of the two triangles. AB  OC and
BG  CP as marked. Hence, we can
conclude that the two legs of ∆𝐵𝐴𝐺 are

∆𝐵𝐴𝐺 ≅ ∆𝐶𝑂𝑃 by LL Congruence

congruent to the two legs of ∆𝐶𝑂𝑃 so,

Theorem.

Steps in Proving Congruence of Two

Triangles
Step 1. Identify what the given are, and
what is to be proved. Mark the given
information on the diagram.
Step 2. Identify the congruence theorem
to be used and the additional
information needed and why.

Example 1. Prove that ∆𝑅𝐴𝑊 ≅

∆𝑅𝑆𝐷.
Step 1. Identify what the given are and

Given: 𝐴𝑅 ≅ 𝑆𝑅, 𝑊𝑅 ≅ 𝐷𝑅
what is to be proved.

Prove: ∆𝑅𝐴𝑊 ≅ ∆𝑅𝑆𝐷.

Step 2. Identify the congruence theorem

to be used and the additional
information needed and why.

∠𝑊𝑅𝐴 and ∠𝐷𝑅𝑆 are vertical

angles so they are congruent by Vertical
Angle
Theorem, hence, SAS congruence

≅ ∆𝑅𝑆𝐷.
postulate can be used to prove ∆𝑅𝐴𝑊

Step 3. Write down the statements and

the reasons in a two-column proof.
Make sure the last statement contains
what should be proved.

Two-column proof:

1. 𝐴𝑅 ≅ 𝑆𝑅,
Statements Reasons

𝑊𝑅≅ 𝐷𝑅
1. Given

2. ∠𝑊𝑅𝐴 and
∠𝐷𝑅𝑆 are
2. Definition of
vertical
vertical angles

3. ∠𝑊𝑅𝐴 ≅
angles

∠𝐷𝑅𝑆
3. Vertical Angle

4. ∆𝑅𝐴𝑊 ≅
Theorem

∆𝑅𝑆𝐷
4. SAS
Congruence
Postulate
Example 2. Prove that ∆𝑅𝐸𝐶 ≅

∆𝐶𝐴𝑅.

Step 1. Identify what the given are and

Given: 𝑅𝐸 ≅ 𝐶𝐴, 𝐸𝐶 ≅ 𝐴𝑅
what is to be proved.

Prove: ∆𝑅𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐴𝑅

Step 2. Identify the congruence theorem

to be used and the additional
information needed and why.

𝐶𝑅 is the common side of ∆𝑅𝐸𝐶 𝑎𝑛𝑑

∆𝐶𝐴𝑅, so by reflexive property. Hence,

∆𝑅𝐸𝐶 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐴𝑅 because each of the

SSS postulate can be used to prove

three sides of ∆REC is congruent

respectively to the three sides of
∆𝐶𝐴𝑅.

Step 3. Write down the statements and

the reasons in a two-column proof.
Make sure the last statement contains
what should be proved.

Two-column proof:
Statements Reasons
 1. 𝑅𝐸 ≅
𝐶𝐴 ,
1. Given

𝐸𝐶≅ 𝐴𝑅
2. 𝐶𝑅̅ ≅ 𝐶𝑅 2. Reflexive

3. ∆𝑅𝐸𝐶 ≅
Property

∆𝐶𝐴𝑅
3. SSS
Congruence
Postulate

Example 3. Prove that ∆𝐷𝑂𝐺 ≅

∆ 𝐶

T
� �

Step 1. Identify what the given are and

Given: 𝐷𝑂 ≅ 𝐶𝐴 , ∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶 , ∠𝐺 ≅
what is to be proved.

∠𝑇
Prove: ∆𝐷𝑂𝐺 ≅ ∆𝐶𝐴T

Step 2. Identify the congruence theorem

to be used and the additional
information needed and why.

Since it is given that ∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶 , ∠𝐺 ≅

∠𝑇, then by Angle Sum Theorem, ∠𝑂
≅ ∠𝐴.
Angle Sum Theorem states that the sum
of the measures of the angles of a
triangle is 180°. Because the two
corresponding pairs of angles are
already congruent, so the third pair of
angles are also congruent.
Thus, the two triangles can be proven
either by ASA congruence postulate
or by AAS congruence theorem.

Step 3. Write down the statements and

the reasons in a two-column proof.
Make sure the last statement contains
what should be proved.

Two-column proof:

1. 𝐷𝑂 ≅ 𝐶𝐴 ,
Statements Reasons

∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶 , ∠𝐺
1. Given
 ≅ ∠𝑇
2. ∆𝐷𝑂𝐺 ≅ 2. AAS
∆𝐶𝐴𝑇 Congruence
Theorem
Or

1. 𝐷𝑂 ≅ 𝐶𝐴 ,
Statements Reasons

∠𝐷 ≅ ∠𝐶 , ∠𝐺
1. Given

≅ ∠𝑇
2. 𝑚∠𝐷 =
𝑚∠𝐶; 𝑚∠𝐺 =
2. Definition of

𝑚∠T
Congruent

3. 𝑚∠𝐷 +
Angles

𝑚∠𝑂 + 𝑚∠𝐺
3. Angle Sum

= 180° 𝑚∠𝐶 +
Theorem In a

𝑚∠𝐴 + 𝑚∠𝑇
triangle

= 180°
4a. 𝑚∠𝑂 =
180° − 𝑚∠𝐷 −
4. Addition

𝑚∠𝐺
Property of

4b. 𝑚∠𝐴 =
Equality

180° − 𝑚∠𝐶 −
𝑚∠𝑇
5. 𝑚∠𝐴 = 180°
− 𝑚∠𝐷 − 𝑚∠𝐺
5. Substitution

6. 𝑚∠𝑂 = 𝑚∠A
Property (2)
6. Transitive
Property of

7. ∠𝑂 ≅ ∠A
Equality (4a & 5)
7. Converse of
the Definition of
Congruent

8. ∆𝐷𝑂𝐺 ≅
Angles
8. ASA
∆𝐶𝐴𝑇 Congruence
Postulate

4. Application
C. Culminating Activities
1. Evaluation
2. Assignment
IV. REMARKS
 V. REFLECTION

Prepared:

JAMAICA C. SOLIANO
BSEd-Mathematics IV

Checked by:

BRENDA CZARIZZA JOY T. TORRES

Cooperating Teacher