Treating Peripheral Neuropathy With Different Electroacupuncture Wave Patterns Based On Symptom Differentiation
Treating Peripheral Neuropathy With Different Electroacupuncture Wave Patterns Based On Symptom Differentiation
❑ Axonal degeneration:
This is the most common pattern seen with peripheral neuropathy. This causes the axon to deteriorate and die off. The
longer a neuron, the worse the effect. That’s why axonal degeneration conditions tend to involve the legs and feet,
which are the farthest from the spinal cord and rely on connections using longer axons.
Causes:
➢ Diabetes:
the most common cause. More than half will develop some type of neuropathy
➢ Medications:
❖ Chemotherapy drugs
Taxol, Docetaxel, Cisplatin, Oxaliplatin, Vincristine, Vinorelbine, Vindesine, Vinblastine, Mitoxantrone, Etoposide, Adriamycin
❖ Certain other medications (antibiotics, and medications that treat arrhythmia and gout)
➢ Infections:
HIV, Lyme disease, shingles, leprosy, diphtheria, etc.
➢ Genetic diseases:
amyloidosis, Fabry diseas, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease
Damaged nerve:
Sensory nerves, motor nerves and autonomic nerves
How quickly does peripheral neuropathy
develop?
❑ It depends on the causes:
➢ Injuries: could develop instantaneously, or within minutes or hours
➢ Toxic and inflammation-based forms: may develop rapidly over days or weeks
➢ Most other conditions: takes months, years or even decades to develop
Clinical manifestations:
❑ The symptoms depend on which type of nerves are affected
The sensory nerves are affected:
1. Tingling and numbness: on both feet and hands, or feet only or hand only, which can spread upward into
the legs and arms, it could be:
➢ Tingling only
➢ Numbness only
➢ Tingling and numbness:
equal
tingling >numbness
numbness>tingling
2. Pain: neuropathic pain. sharp pain, jabbing pain, throbbing pain, burning pain or cold pain
3. Extreme sensitivity to touch or insensitivity
4. Imbalance and clumsiness: poor balance, lack of coordination, falling, clumsiness with the hands
5. Feeling as if wearing gloves or socks on the hands and feet when not:
The motor nerves are affected
1. Muscle weakness or inability to move:
difficulty moving the toes, foot drop, hand weakness, weak muscles in the thighs, arms and elsewhere
2. Muscular atrophy:
in the feet, lower legs and hands
3. Muscle cramp:
The autonomic nerves are affected, there may be:
1. heat intolerance
2. Excessive sweating or not being able to sweat
3. Bowel, bladder or digestive problems: Bowel problems: constipation, diarrhea, incontinence; Bladder problems:
urinary retention, overactive bladder, incontinence; Digestive problems: gastroparesis, difficulty swallowing,
GERD
4. even a drop in blood pressure, causing dizziness, lightheadedness, etc.
5. Sexual dysfunction
❖ Most of the patients I have seen:
❑ Present numbness and tingling sensation in the hands and feet, with the symptoms primarily manifesting in the feet;
numbness in the fingertips is more common in the hands.
❑ The numbness and tingling sensation in the feet often affect the front 1/3 of the feet, toes, or soles, or a combination of
toes and the top of the feet.
❑ Some patients describe a sensation like wearing gloves or socks.
❑ There may be stabbing pain, jabbing pain, or burning pain, or cold pain in some cases.
❑ Poor balance in the lower limbs is observed, and there may be accompanying fatigue, although movement disorders are
rare.
❑ Patients may experience numbness and tingling sensation simultaneously, with the severity of both being comparable.
Symptoms may be dominated by either numbness or a tingling sensation, or there may be only numbness or only a
tingling sensation.
❑ Among the patients I treat, those with peripheral neuropathy induced by chemotherapy are the most numerous.
The preliminary data from my most recent 30 cases of peripheral neuropathy
Age
%
Gender 31-40 41-50 51-60 61-70 71-80 >80 Total
(n=30)
Female 1 5 3 4 7 0 20 66.67
Male 3 6 1 0 10 33.33
Total 1 5 6 10 8 0 30 100
The preliminary data from my most recent 30 cases of peripheral neuropathy
Distribution of Causes
Female 18 2 20
Male 8 2 10
Distribution of Symptoms
Tingling=Numbness Tingling > Numbness Numbness > Tingling Numbness Tingling Other Symptoms
Poor
Hand Feet Hand Feet Hand Feet Hand Feet Hand Feet Burning Pain Others
balance
Male 2 4 1 2 2 1 2 1 6
Headache 1
Female 6 11 3 4 1 2 1 1 2 3 2 14 Cold sensation
1
Total 8 15 4 6 1 4 1 3 1 2 4 2 20
N=45, T=N:51.11%; T>N: 22.22%; N>T: 11.11%; N only: 8.9%; T only: 6.7%; Feet: 66.67%; Hand:33.33%
❑ My understanding of peripheral neuropathy from TCM perspective
▪ TCM Name: Bi syndrome (痹症), Wei syndrome (痿证), Blood Bi (血痹), Bu Ren (insensitivity,不仁), Ma Mu
(numbness, 麻木), etc.
• Peripheral neuropathy (PN) characterized by numbness, tingling, and pain falls within the scope of “Bi syndrome”. When
muscle weakness or atrophy occurs, it falls under the category of “Wei syndrome.”
▪ TCM Causes:
• There are many factors that can cause this condition, such as diabetes, chemotherapy drugs, deficiency of vitamins and
nutrients, and so on.
• From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, the causes of this condition may include external and internal causes
such as qi deficiency, blood deficiency, yin deficiency, phlegm-dampness, blood stagnation, toxins, and so on.
➢ Principles of Treatment:
❑ Regulate qi and blood, dredge meridians, improve tissue metabolism and circulation, and promote the repair of peripheral nerves damage.
❑ Select the calming the mind acupoints as many patients with peripheral neuropathy also experience symptoms such as anxiety, insomnia, or depression
➢ The selection of Acupuncture Points
I primarily choose local acupoints, distal acupoints and calming the mind points appropriately
❑ Lower limbs:
Ba Feng, LR3, GB42, SP3 or SP4, UB64 or UB65, ST41, KI6, UB62
❑ Upper limbs:
❖ Local points
Toes:
Ba Feng, LR3, GB42
Front 1/3 of the foot:
Ba Feng, LR3, GB42, SP3, UB65
Front ½ of the foot:
Ba Feng, LR3, GB42, SP4 and UB64
Whole foot including ankle:
Ba Feng, LR3, GB42, SP4, UB64, ST41, KI6, UB62, KI3
❑ Lower limbs:
❖ Distal points:
SP6, GB34, ST36, SP10
o SP6:
1. Meeting point of the Spleen, Liver and Kidney channels
2. Tonifies the Spleen and Stomach
3. Resolves dampness
4. Harmonizes the Liver and tonifies the Kidneys
5. Calms the spirit
6. Invigorates blood
7. Activates the channels and alleviates pain
o GB34:
1. He-sea and Earth point of the Gallbladder channel
2. Hui-meeting point of Sinews
3. Ma Dan-yang Heavenly Star point
4. Benefit the sinews and joints
5. Activates the channels and alleviates pain
o ST36:
1. He-sea point, Earth point of the Stomach channel
2. Point of the Sea of the Water and Grain
3. Gao Wu Command point
4. Ma dan-yang Heavenly Star point
5. Supports the righteous qi and fosters the original qi
6. Tonifies qi and nourishes blood and yin
7. Activates the channel and alleviates pain
o SP10:
1. Sea of Blood
2. Invigorates the blood and dispels stasis
❑ Upper limbs:
❖ Local points
Fingers including finger tips only:
Ba Xie (Da Du, Shang Du, Zhong Du, Xia Du—from the radial side to the ulnar side)
Whole hand:
❑ Electroacupuncture comes in different wave patterns such as continuous wave pattern, dense-disperse wave pattern, and intermittent wave pattern, as well as
different frequencies including low and high frequencies. Different wave patterns and frequencies have distinct effects.
❑ Depending on the patient's symptoms, whether there is a combination of numbness and tingling, if numbness is predominant, if tingling is predominant, if there
is severe pain, or if there is only numbness or tingling, how to choose the appropriate wave pattern and frequency?
The characteristics and effects of different electroacupuncture wave patterns
Wei
It has a strong dynamic effect, increasing the
excitability of muscle tissue and providing good
syndrome,
stimulation for contraction of skeletal muscles. It is paralysis
commonly used to treat Wei syndrome and
paralysis.
27
The best frequency for pain management
100 Hz:
Acting on the parabrachial Immediate
nucleus of the pons Varolii Parabrachial
can cause the release of a Dynorphin analgesic
large amount of dynorphin nuclei
in the spinal cord, thus
providing an immediate
effect
analgesic effect.
28
The selection of wave patterns for the treatment of peripheral neuropathy
1. When numbness is predominant, or numbness only: use dense-disperse wave pattern
The cause of numbness is related to the interruption or abnormality of nerve signal transmission and adaptive changes in the nervous system, indicating meridian
blockage. Dense-perse wave pattern can increase tissue metabolism, promote blood circulation, improve tissue nutrition, eliminate inflammatory edema, and have
the effect of unblocking the meridians.
2. When a tingling sensation is predominant, or tingling only: use continuous wave pattern
The reasons for a tingling sensation may be associated with abnormal nerve activation, activation of inflammatory mediators, or stimulation of nerve endings,
abnormal nerve conduction, and increased excitability of neurons. In general, it is a state of abnormal neural excitability. Continuous wave pattern has the effect of
inhibiting sensory and motor nerves. Therefore, continuous wave pattern is more suitable for alleviating symptoms of a tingling sensation.
3. When numbness and tingling are equal: use dense-disperse wave pattern, if with pain, continuous wave pattern is also selected at times.
primarily to unblock the meridians, increase tissue metabolism, promote blood circulation, improve tissue nutrition, eliminate inflammatory edema, and facilitate
nerve damage repair.
4. When pain is severe (including hypersensitivity, with burning sensation): use continuous wave pattern
Continuous wave pattern has a better analgesic effect.
5. Muscle weakness is predominant: use intermittent or dense-disperse wave pattern
The selection of frequency
❑ Continuous wave pattern: use 2Hz or 100Hz
2Hz
❑ Stimulation of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus can induce the release of
endorphins, β-endorphins, and enkephalins, resulting in a relatively slow Enkephalin,
and long-lasting analgesic effect. Slow and
Hypothalamic β-endorphin, long lasting
❑ A 2Hz frequency initially excites then inhibits nerves. Therefore, the arcuate
nucleus
Endomorphin analgesic
duration of use should not be too short;
effect
❑ I usually administer electroacupuncture for half an hour. However, the
analgesic effect of this frequency is relatively long compared to 100Hz.
100Hz
❑ Stimulation of the parabrachial nucleus in the brainstem can induce
the release of a large amount of dynorphin in the spinal cord,
Immediate
resulting in an immediate analgesic effect. Parabrachial
❑ The duration of the analgesic effect is relatively short. Dynorphin analgesic
nuclei
❑ The intensity of stimulation at this frequency is stronger compared effect
to low frequency
❑ It's important to control the intensity carefully. High intensity can
make patients feel very uncomfortable.
❑ I generally do not use it for initial electroacupuncture treatment.
❑ Dense-Disperse wave pattern:
❑A wave pattern in which disperse waves and dense waves automatically appear
alternately.
❑The alternating duration of disperse and dense is about 1.5 seconds each
❑ Upper limbs:
Fingers including finger tips only:
Ba Xie (Da Du + Xia Du)
Whole hand:
LI4, SI3
OPERATION OF ELECTROACUPUNCTURE
1. Insertion of needles:
❑ Perform routine acupuncture needling on the selected acupuncture
points
❑ or Inserting 1.5-inch needles into SP3 and UB65, or SP4 and UB64 on the
feet, SI3 and LI4 on the hands respectively, with the needle tips facing
each other
2. Connection of the electroacupuncture:
Most patients have symptoms at the end of the lower extremities, so my electroacupuncture is
mainly connected to foot:
Toes:
❖ GB43 + LR2
Front 1/3 of the foot:
❖ Lateral side: GB43 + UB65
❖ Medial side: LR2 + SP3
Whole hand:
❖ LI4 + SI3 Xia Du
SI3 Da Du
3. Selection of wave patterns and frequency:
Numbness is predominant, or numbness only: dense-disperse wave pattern
Tingling is predominant, or tingling only: continuous wave pattern (2Hz or 100Hz)
Numbness and tingling are equal: dense-disperse wave pattern, or continuous wave pattern if with
pain, alternatively
Severe pain or with burning sensation:continuous wave pattern (2Hz or 100Hz)
Muscle weakness is predominant: intermittent or dense-disperse wave pattern
86.66%
Improved 6 3 2 5 53.33
➢ Chinese herbal medicine can be used for preventing and treating chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy.
In Chinese medicine, this condition is considered as a syndrome of "deficiency of yang and obstruction of collaterals."
Preventive regimen:
❑ Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Tang + Mecobalamin Tablets
➢ Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Tang:
• Astragalus root (黄芪) 30g
• Cinnamon twig (桂枝) 9g
• Peony root (芍药) 9g
• Fresh ginger (生姜) 18g
• Jujube (大枣) 15g
Effects: Tonifying qi, promoting circulation, and relieving numbness and pain
Evidence: A systematic review and meta-analysis including 11 studies with a total of 761 patients compared the Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Tang group with the chemotherapy-only group. The results showed that
RR=0.55, 95% CI: (0.48, 0.62), P<0.00001, indicating that the incidence of peripheral neuropathy in the Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Tang treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group.
Chen, S. S. . Systematic review and meta-analysis of Huangqi Guizhi Wuwu Tang in the prevention and treatment of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy(D). Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 2018.
➢ Mecobalamin Tablets:
▪ Modern pharmacological research: This medication can effectively promote the formation of myelin sheaths and phospholipids in the nervous system, thereby providing strong stimulation for axonal
regeneration and promoting nerve growth.
❑ Indications: Used for patients undergoing high-risk chemotherapy regimens who have already developed mild or moderate chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPNP)
https://treasureoftheeast.com/
Summery:
1. Electroacupuncture treatment of peripheral neuropathy can achieve a certain degree of effect, and some patients even have very good results.
2. Different electroacupuncture wave patterns and frequencies have distinct effects. Choosing the appropriate electroacupuncture wave pattern and frequency is crucial for
enhancing treatment efficacy, depending on the distinct characteristics of peripheral neuropathy symptoms
❖ Numbness is predominant, or numbness only: dense-disperse wave pattern
❖ Tingling is predominant, or tingling only: continuous wave pattern (2Hz or 100Hz)
❖ Numbness and tingling are equal: dense-disperse wave pattern, or continuous wave pattern if with pain, alternatively
❖ Severe pain: continuous wave pattern (2Hz or 100Hz)
4. Slowly start to take effect, the patient gradually becomes sensitive to acupuncture and electroacupuncture. The area of numbness and tingling gradually gets smaller.
From no feeling to the texture of the floor carpet to feel the texture. The patient will tell you a surprise. Walking will gradually become more stable
5. The intensity of the electroacupuncture can be used as a preliminary judgment of the condition: at the first treatment, the intensity of the electroacupuncture is high, but
the patient feels low or even does not feel, indicating that the nerve damage is more serious and may require a longer treatment time. If the patient does not need high-
intensity stimulation during the initial treatment, the patient can feel the electroacupuncture, indicating that the patient's sensory nerve damage is not very serious.
Under normal circumstances, as the treatment continues, the patient's sensitivity to electrical acupuncture stimulation gradually increases, which can reflect the gradual
improvement of the disease.