1. What are the advantages of Bootstrap?

The following are some advantages of Bootstrap:

 Bootstrap is simple to use and anyone with a basic understanding of HTML and CSS can
get started.
 Features that adapt to phones, tablets, and desktops: Bootstrap's responsive CSS adapts to
phones, tablets, and desktops.
 A mobile-first strategy: Mobile-first styles are built into the Bootstrap framework.
 Bootstrap 4 is compatible with all modern browsers, including Chrome, Firefox, Internet
Explorer 10+, Edge, Safari, and Opera.

2. What is a Bootstrap Container, and how does it work?

A bootstrap container is a handy class that generates a central region on the page where we can
put our site content. The bootstrap .container has the advantage of being responsive and
containing all of our other HTML code. Containers are used to pad the content within them, and
there are two types of containers:

 The .container class creates a fixed-width container that is responsive.

 The .container-fluid class creates a full-width container that spans the entire viewport width.
3. What are the default Bootstrap text settings?

The default font size in Bootstrap 4 is 16px, with a line-height of 1.5.

The default font family is "Helvetica Neue," which includes Helvetica, Arial, and other sans-serif
fonts.
Margin-top: 0 and margin-bottom: 1rem are also set on all <p> elements (16px by default).

4. What do you know about the Bootstrap Grid System?

The Bootstrap Grid System is a mobile-first, responsive grid system that scales up to 12 columns
as the device or viewport size grows. Predefined classes for quick layout options and powerful
mix-ins for creating successful semantic layouts are included in the system.

There are five classes in the Bootstrap 4 grid system:

 .col- for extra small devices, whose screen width is less than 576px.
 .col-sm- small devices, whose screen width is equal to or greater than 576px.
 .col-md- medium devices, whose screen width is equal to or greater than 768px.
 .col-lg- large devices, whose screen width is equal to or greater than 992px.
 .col-xl- extra large devices, whose screen width is equal to or greater than 1200px.

The classes listed above can be combined to build layouts that are more dynamic and adaptable.

5. What is the difference between Bootstrap 4 and Bootstrap 5

PARAMETER BOOTSTRAP 4 BOOTSTRAP 5

Grid System 5 tier grid system(xs, sm, md, lg, xl). 6 tier grid system(xs, sm, md, lg, xl, xxl).

Color It has limited colors. Extra colors have been added with the looks.

It has jQuery along with all the related Jquery is removed and it has switched to
Jquery
plugins. vanilla JS with some working plugins.
 PARAMETER BOOTSTRAP 4 BOOTSTRAP 5

Internet
Bootstrap 4 supports both IE 10 and 11. Bootstrap 5 doesn’t support IE 10 and 11.
Explorer

Radio buttons and checkboxes look The look of form elements does not change on
Form elements
different in different OS and browsers. different OS or browsers.

Utilities cannot be modified in Bootstrap Bootstrap 5 allows us to modify and also

Utilities API
4. create our own utility.

Relative positioning of columns is

Vertical Classes Relative positioning of columns is not allowed.
allowed.

Bootstrap Bootstrap 4 doesn’t have its own SVG

Bootstrap 5 has its own SVG icons.
Icons icons.

Jumbotron Bootstrap 4 supports the jumbotron. Bootstrap 5 doesn’t support the jumbotron.

The card deck class, used to create a set

Card deck class has been removed in
Card deck of cards with equal width and height, is
bootstrap 5.
available in bootstrap 4.

We have the inline-block attribute, and The inline-block property has been removed,
Navbar the default for the dropdown-menu-dark and the dropdown-menu-dark class now uses
class is a white dropdown. a black dropdown as the default.

Static Site
Jekyll software is used by Bootstrap 4. Hugo software is used by Bootstrap 5.
Generator

6. What is the difference between Bootstrap 3 and Bootstrap 4

PARAMETER BOOTSTRAP 3 BOOTSTRAP 4

Grid System 4 tier grid system (xs, sm, md, lg). 5 tier grid system (xs, sm, md, lg, xl).

CSS File LESS SASS

Only .btn-sm and .btn-lg are available in

Button Size Bootstrap 3 supports .btn-xs class.
bootstrap 4.

We do not need a .row class using a .row class is needed when using the grid in
Horizontal Form
grid in forms. form.

Inverse/dark Table .table-inverse class is not supported. .table-inverse class is supported.

 PARAMETER BOOTSTRAP 3 BOOTSTRAP 4

Primary Unit Primary unit is px. Primary unit is rem

In bootstrap 4, table head styles with

Table Head Styles Table head styles are not supported.
the .thead-light and .thead-dark classes.

Condensed Tables It supports .table-condensed. It supports .table-sm.

Responsive Image .img-responsive class is to be used. .img-fluid class is to be used.

One can use .pull-right, .pull-left and other

Image Alignment Use the .pull-right and .pull-left class.
such classes like .text-left and .text-center.

In order to apply dropdown list, we use In order to apply .dropdown-item, we use

Structure
<ul>, <li> <a>, <button>.

Limited colors are available; it supports There are many colors; .bg-dass or .navbar-
Color
inverse navbars but not other classes. light, .navbar-dark classes are supported.

.jumbotron-fluid class is not required .jumbotron-fluid class is required for a full-

Jumbotron
for full-width. width jumbotron.

.in is used to expand content when the .show is used to expand content when the
Show content
page loads. page loads.

Glyphicons Supported. Not supported.

.breadcrumb class is used against the .breadcrumb class is used against the <li>
Breadcrumb class
<ul> tag. tag.

Affix Supported. Not supported.

Flexbox Not supported. Supported.

Carousel Item It uses the .item class. It uses the .carousel-item class.

.dropdown-divider class is applied to <div>

Dividers .divider class is applied to <li> element.
element.

Panels, Wells and

Supported. Not supported. Cards are used instead.
Thumbnails
7. What is a Button Group, and what is the class for a basic Button Group?

Multiple buttons can be placed together on a single line using button groups. You can use this to
group objects together, such as alignment buttons.

The .btn-group class is used for basic button groups. You can use the class .btn to wrap a set of
buttons in .btn-group.

8. What is a breadcrumb in Bootstrap?

Breadcrumbs are a wonderful way to display a site's hierarchy-based information. Breadcrumbs

can show the dates of publication, categories, and tags in the case of blogs. They show where the
current page is in the navigational hierarchy.

In Bootstrap, a breadcrumb is essentially an unordered list with the class .breadcrumb. CSS adds
the separator for you automatically.

9. How can you use Bootstrap to make thumbnails?

To make thumbnails with Bootstrap, go through the steps below:

Wrap an image in an <a> tag with the class .thumbnail. It will add a grey border and four pixels
of padding. An animated light will now outline the image when it has hovered over.

10. In Bootstrap, what are the two codes for displaying code?

In Bootstrap, there are two straightforward ways to display code:

 The <code> element is used to showcase a piece of inline code.

 You can use the <pre> tag to display a code that has multiple lines or even a block element.

11. What is a lead?

Lead adds some emphasis to a paragraph. The .lead class is used to achieve this and it makes the
font larger, taller, and lighter in weight.

<p class= "lead" > Paragraph </p>

12. In Bootstrap 4, what is flexbox?

Flexbox is a layout module for flexible boxes. Without using float or positioning, you can
quickly create a flexible layout design with flexbox.

13. In Bootstrap, how do you make navigation elements?

The navigation elements in Bootstrap can be styled in a variety of ways. The markup and base
class are the same in all of these .nav. To build tabular navigation or tabs, execute the following
steps:

Begin by creating an unordered list using the base class of .nav. The .nav-tabs class should be
added.

14. What contextual classes can be used to style the panels?

To make a panel more meaningful to a specific context, use contextual state classes like panel-
primary, panel-success, panel-info, panel-warning, and panel-danger.

15. How can one create an alert in Bootstrap?

Create a wrapper <div> and add a class of .alert and one of the contextual classes to create a
basic alert (e.g., .alert-success, .alert-info, .alert-warning, .alert-danger, .alert-primary, .alert-
secondary, .alert-light or .alert-dark).
16. What is a bootstrap card and how would you create one?

In Bootstrap 4, a card is a bordered box with padding surrounding its content. It has options for
headers, footers, content, and colors, among other things.

<div class="card">
<div class="card-header">Header</div>
<div class="card-body">Body</div>
<div class="card-footer">Footer</div>
</div>
Another example:

<div class="card" style="width:400px">

<img class="card-img-top" src="img_avatar.png" alt="Card image">
<div class="card-body">
<h4 class="card-title">Richard Taylor</h4>
<p class="card-text">Some example text.</p>
<a href="#" class="btn btn-primary">See Profile</a>
</div>
</div>
17. What are the two types of spinners that you can create using Bootstrap?

Use the .spinner-border class to make a spinner/loader.

<div class= "spinner-border" ></div>

If you want the spinner/loader to grow instead of "spin", use the .spinner-grow class.

<div class= "spinner-grow" ></div>

18. Explain input groups in Bootstrap.

The .input-group class is a container for enhancing an input by adding a "help text" icon, text, or
button in front or behind the input field.

To add the help text in front of the input, use .input-group-prepend, and to add it behind the
input, use .input-group-append.

Finally, style the provided help text with the .input-group-text class.

19. Discuss Bootstrap table and various classes that can change the appearance
of the table.

 A basic Bootstrap 4 table features horizontal divisions and light padding.

 The .table class gives a table some basic styling.
 The .table-striped class gives zebra stripes to the table.
 The .table-bordered class adds borders to the table and cells on all sides.
 On table rows, the .table-hover class adds a hover effect (grey background color).

Here is how the zebra-striped table looks like:

20. Write the HTML code to create a basic toast.

When something happens, the toast component acts as an alert box that only appears for a few
seconds (i.e. when the user clicks on a button, submits a form, etc.).

<div class= "toast" >

<div class= "toast-header" >
 Toast Header
</div>
<div class="toast-body">
Toast Body Text
</div>
</div>

21. What is the media object in Bootstrap and what are their types?

Bootstrap's media objects allow you to position media objects such as images, videos, and audio
to the left or right of content blocks. Media elements can be constructed using the class .media
and the source is specified by using the class .media-object. There are two types of media
objects:

 .media
 .media-list

22. How would you implement a carousel in bootstrap?

Here is an example with a detailed explanation:

<div id="myCarousel" class="carousel slide" data-ride="carousel">

<!-- Indicators -->
<ul class="carousel-indicators">
<li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="0" class="active"></li>
<li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="1"></li>
<li data-target="#myCarousel" data-slide-to="2"></li>
</ul>
<!-- Wrapper -->
<div class="carousel-inner">
<div class="carousel-item active">
<img src="ap.jpg" alt="Apple">
<div class="carousel-caption">
<h3>APPLE</h3>
</div>
</div>

<div class="carousel-item">
<img src="or.jpg" alt="Orange">
<div class="carousel-caption">
<h3>ORANGE</h3>
</div>
</div>

<div class="carousel-item">
<img src="kw.jpg" alt="Kiwi">
<div class="carousel-caption">
<h3>KIWI</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<!-- Left and Right Controls -->

 <a class="carousel-control-prev" href="#myCarousel" data-slide="prev">
<span class="carousel-control-prev-icon"></span>
</a>
<a class="carousel-control-next" href="#myCarousel" data-slide="next">
<span class="carousel-control-next-icon"></span>
</a>
</div>

The outermost <div> is as follows:

 For carousel controls to work properly, they must have an id (in this case, id="myCarousel").
 This <div> has the class="carousel" to indicate that it contains a carousel.
 When a new item is displayed, the .slide class adds a CSS transition and animation effect that
causes the objects to slide. If you don't want this effect, leave this class out.
 When the page loads, the data-ride= "carousel" attribute tells Bootstrap to start animating the
carousel right away.

The section on "Indicators" is as follows:

 Each slide's indicators are the small dots at the bottom (which indicates how many slides there
are in the carousel, and which slide the user is currently viewing).
 With the class .carousel-indications, the indicators are supplied in an ordered list.
 The data-target attribute refers to the carousel's id.
 When a user clicks on a given dot, the data-slide-to attribute defines the slide they should go to.

The "Wrapper" section is as follows:

 A div with the class .carousel-inner specifies the slides.

 Each slide's content is defined by a div with the class .item. This can be in the form of text or
visuals.
 One of the slides must have the .active class applied to it. The carousel will not be viewable
otherwise.
 To generate a caption for each slide, a <div class="carousel-caption"> is added within each <div
class="item">.

The section on "Left and Right Controls" is as follows:

 This code adds "left" and "right" buttons, allowing the user to manually navigate between slides.
 The data-slide attribute takes the keywords "prev" or "next," which change the position of the
slide in relation to its current location.
Bootstrap Interview Questions for Experienced

1. What do you mean by the Bootstrap well?

The Bootstrap well is simply a container that makes the content appear sunken. It can also
produce an inset effect on the webpage. With the aid of <div> and class, a developer may create
a well and also wrap the content in the well. The content will be displayed according to your
preferences.

2. What are glyphicons?

Glyphicons are icon fonts that you can use on your website. Their developer has made them
freely available for Bootstrap projects.

To utilize the icons, simply copy and paste the following code anywhere in your code. To ensure
adequate padding, leave a space between the icon and the text.

<span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-search" ></span>

Note: Bootstrap 4 lacks an icon library of its own (Glyphicons from Bootstrap 3 are not
supported in BS4).

3. What is bootstrap pagination and how are they classified?

If your website has lots of pages, you might require adding some sort of pagination to each page.
<ul class="pagination">
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">Previous</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">1</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">2</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">3</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">4</a></li>
<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="#">Next</a></li>
</ul>

Pagination is how Bootstrap handles an unordered list. The following classes are provided by
bootstrap to manage pagination:

.pagination: This class is required to enable pagination on your page.

.disabled, .active: Use .disabled for unclickable links and .active to indicate the current page
when customising links.

.pagination-Ig and .pagination-sm: use these to get different size items.

4. What are badges? Which class will you use to make your badge look more
rounded?

Badges are used to supplement any content with additional information. To make rectangular
badges, use the .badge class with a contextual class (like .badge-secondary) within <span>
elements. It's worth noting that badges scale to fit the parent element's size (if any).

To make the badges more rounded, we use the .badge-pill class.

5. What do you understand by column ordering in Bootstrap?

One of the most intriguing properties of bootstrap is column ordering. The columns can be
readily written in a specific order by utilizing relevant functions. You might alternatively put
them in a different column. Use the push and pull column classes to easily rearrange or rearrange
the order of the columns. These classes are used in conjunction with the .col-xs-#, .col-sm-
#, .col-md-#, and .col-lg-# Bootstrap grid classes.

.col-xs-push-# and .col-xs-pull-# are the push and pull classes for the Bootstrap grid. This also
works well for sm, md, and lg. The pull class moves columns to the left, whereas the push class
moves them to the right.

6. Explain the affix plugin.

The affix plugin allows you to affix a <div> to a particular location on the page. You may also
use this plugin to turn on and off the pinning. Social icons are a good example of this. They'll
start in one position, but when the page reaches a certain point, the <div> will be frozen in place
and will no longer scroll with the rest of the page.

7. What are Bootstrap collapsing elements?

You may collapse any element with Bootstrap collapsing elements without creating any
JavaScript code or accordion markup. To automatically delegate control of a collapsible element
in bootstrap, add data-toggle= "collapse" to the controller element along with a data-target or
href. You may also do the same thing with .collapse (options), .collapse (‘show'), or .collapse
(‘hide').

8. In Bootstrap, what is a scrollspy?

It's an auto-updating nav component that allows you to grab sections of the page based on where
you're scrolling. Based on the scroll position, the .active class will update from one nav item to
the next.

9. Why is Jumbotron used in Bootstrap?

In Bootstrap, Jumbotron is used to highlight contents. It enlarges the headline and provides a
margin for the landing page's content. In order to implement Jumbotron in Bootstrap, create a
container div with the .jumbotron class.

10. How is tooltip different from popover?

When the user moves the mouse pointer over an element, the Tooltip component appears as a
little pop-up box. The Popover component is a pop-up box that emerges when the user clicks on
an element. The popover may hold a lot more information.

The popover will show on the right side of the element by default whereas the tooltip will show
on the top of the element by default.
11. What classes can help you change the default settings of positioning a
popover and closing a popover?

The popover will show on the right side of the element by default. To position the popover on
the top, bottom, left, or right side of the element, use the data-placement attribute.

When you click on the element again, the popover closes by default. However, the data-
trigger="focus" attribute can be used to close the popover when the user clicks outside the
element.

Use the data-trigger attribute with the value "hover" if you want the popover to appear when you
move the mouse cursor over the element.
12. Discuss the properties of flexbox

The properties of flexbox are:

 Enable flex behaviors:

To make a flexible container and convert direct children elements into flex items, use the
"display" utility.

Additional flex characteristics can be used to further customize flex containers and items.

Default flexbox container:

<div class="d-flex p-2">flexbox container</div>

You can also create an inline flexbox container. Responsive variations also exist.

 Direction:

You can use direction utilities to change the direction of a flex item in a flex container. It is not
essential to create a horizontal class because it is set to row by default.

To show the flex items horizontally, use .flex-row (side by side). To right-align the horizontal
direction, use .flex-row-reverse.

Use .flex-column to display flex items vertically (on top of each other), or .flex-column-reverse
to display them in the other direction.

 Justify content:

To adjust the alignment of flex elements, use the.justify-content-* classes. Start (default), end,
center, between, and around are all valid classes.
  Align items:

You can change the vertical alignment of single rows of flex items with the .align-items-*
classes. .align-items-start, .align-items-end, .align-items-center, .align-items-baseline, and .align-
items-stretch (default) are valid classes.

 Align self:

You can change the vertical alignment of a specific flex item with the .align-self-*
classes. .align-self-start, .align-self-end, .align-self-center, .align-self-baseline, and .align-self-
stretch (default) are valid classes.

 Auto margins:

You can easily add auto margins to flex items with .mr-auto which pushes items to the right, or
by using .ml-auto which pushes items to the left.

 Grow:

You can use .flex-grow-1 on a flex item to take up the unused space. In the example below, the
second flex item uses all the available space since we have used the .flex-grow-1 class with the
second flex item.

You can use .flex-shrink-1 on a flex item to make it shrink if required.

  Fill:

You can use .flex-fill on flex items to make them into equal widths.

 Wrap:

With .flex-nowrap (default), .flex-wrap, or .flex-wrap-reverse, you can control how flex items
wrap in a flex container.

 Order:

With the .order classes, you can change the visual order of a given flex item(s). The number of
valid classes ranges from 0 to 12, with the lowest number having the highest importance (order-1
is shown before order-2, etc..).

 Align content:

You can change the vertical alignment of gathered flex items with the .align-content-*
classes. .align-content-start (default), .align-content-end, .align-content-center, .align-content-
baseline, and .align-content-stretch are valid classes.
13. What are the important rules that you should follow while using Grids in
Bootstrap?

The following three rules should be strictly kept in mind while using Grids in Bootstrap:-

 A row's immediate child must be a Column.

 Rows are just used to contain Columns and are not utilized for anything else.
 Rows should be put within a container.