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BwMC1992

The document presents a series of mathematical problems and proofs, covering topics such as prime numbers, divisor functions, polynomial equations, and geometric properties. Each problem requires a unique approach to demonstrate mathematical principles and relationships. The content is aimed at advanced mathematics, likely for a competition or academic setting.

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Ronald Martins
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14 views

BwMC1992

The document presents a series of mathematical problems and proofs, covering topics such as prime numbers, divisor functions, polynomial equations, and geometric properties. Each problem requires a unique approach to demonstrate mathematical principles and relationships. The content is aimed at advanced mathematics, likely for a competition or academic setting.

Uploaded by

Ronald Martins
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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3-rd Baltic Way

Vilnius, Lithuania – November 7, 1992

1. Let p and q be two consecutive odd prime numbers. Prove that p + q is a product
of at least three positive integers greater than 1 (not necessarily different).

2. Denote by d(n) the number of all positive divisors of a positive integer n. Prove
that there are infinitely many n for which d(n) divides n.
3. Find an infinite non-constant arithmetic progression of positive integers such that
each term is neither a sum of two squares, nor a sum of two cubes.
4. Is it possible to draw a hexagon with vertices in integer lattice points so that the
squares of the lengths of its sides are six consecutive positive integers?

5. Given that a2 + b2 + (a + b)2 = c2 + d 2 + (c+ d)2 , prove that a4 + b4 + (a + b)4 =


c4 + d 4 + (c + d)4.
−1 3
6. Prove that the product of the 99 numbers kk3 +1 for k = 2, 3, . . . , 100 is greater than
2
3.
√
7. Let a = 1992 1992. Which number is greater:
·a
o
·
a· 1992
aa or 1992?

8. Find all integer solutions of the equation 2x (4 − x) = 2x + 4.


9. Prove that every polynomial f (x) = x3 + ax2 + bx + c with b < 0 and ab = 9c has
three different real roots.
10. Find all fourth degree polynomials p(x) satisfying the following conditions:
(i) p(x) = p(−x) for all x;
(ii) p(x) ≥ 0 for all x;
(iii) p(0) = 1,
(iv) p(x) has exactly two local minimum points x1 , x2 and |x1 − x2 | = 2.
11. Show that there is a unique function f : Q+ → Q+ such that
 
q
(i) If 0 < q < 12 then f (q) = 1 + f 1−2q ;
(ii) If 1 < q ≤ 2 then f (q) = 1 + f (q − 1);
 
(iii) f (q) f q1 = 1 for all q ∈ Q+ .

The IMO Compendium Group,


D. Djukić, V. Janković, I. Matić, N. Petrović
www.imomath.com
12. Assume that ϕ : N → N is a bijective function such that there exists a finite limit

ϕ (n)
lim = L.
n→∞ n

What are the possible values of L?


13. Prove that for any positive numbers x1 , x2 , . . . , xn and y1 , y2 , . . . , yn
n
1 4n2
∑ xi yi ≥ ∑ n 2
.
i=1 i=1 (xi + yi )

14. The (finitely many) towns in a country are connected by one direction roads. It
is known that, for any two towns, one of them can be reached from the other one.
Prove that there is a town from which all the remaining towns can be reached.
15. Noah has to fit eight species of animals into four cages of the ark. He plans to put
species in each cage. For each of the species there are at most three other species
with which it cannot safely share a cage. Prove that he can safely accomodate all
the animals.
16. All faces of a convex polyhedron are parallelograms. Can the polyhedron have
exactly 1992 faces?
17. A quadrilateral ABCD is inscribed in a circle with radius 1 and AC as a diameter,
and BD = AB. The diagonals AC and BD intersect at P. Given that PC = 52 , how
long is the side CD?
18. Show that in a non-obtuse triangle the perimeter is always greater than two times
the diameter of the circumcircle.
19. Two non-intersecting circles C1 and C2 in the plane touch a circle C internally at
points A and B respectively. A common tangent t of C1 and C2 touches them at
D and E respectively so that both C1 and C2 are on the same side of t. Let F be
the intersection point of AD and BE. Show that F lies on C.
20. Let a ≤ b ≤ c be the sides of a right triangle of perimeter 2p. Show that the area
of the triangle equals S = p(p − c) = (p − a)(p − b).

The IMO Compendium Group,


D. Djukić, V. Janković, I. Matić, N. Petrović
www.imomath.com

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