CLAID PROJECT (Contextualized and Localized Activities Intended for Distance Learning)

Name: ___________________ Date: ____________ Score: __________

MATHEMATICS 10
Quarter 3 – Week 5
Competency: Solve problems involving Permutation and Combination.

Objective: Solve problems involving Permutation and Combination.

Review:
DIRECTION: Match column A with column B.
The Column A shows formulas used in solving combinatorics problems while in Column B shows
its description or usage. The first one is done for you.

A B
1. 𝑛𝑃𝑟 = 𝑛! A. The permutations without repetition. It is a case
(𝑛−𝑟)!
where in, we must reduce the number of available
choices each time.
2. 𝑛! B. Use to determine the number of possible
𝑃=𝑟
1 !𝑟2 !𝑟3 !… arrangements of things to choose from, and we
choose r of them regardless the order.
3. (𝑛−1)! C. Use to determine the number of distinguishable
𝑃= 2 permutations of n objects, r of which are alike.
4. 𝑃(𝑛, 𝑛) = 𝑛! D. The permutations with repetition. It happens when a
thing has n different types, we have n choices each
time.
5. 𝑛! E. Use to determine the number of circular permutations
𝑃= 2
of n things in which anti-clockwise and clockwise
order of arrangements are indistinguishable.
6. 𝑃 = (𝑛 − 1)! F. Use to determine the number of ways to arrange r
objects chosen from n distinct objects in which order
matters.
7. 𝑛 𝑛! G. If the circular permutation looks the same when it is
𝐶( ) =
𝑟 (𝑛−𝑟)!𝑟!
turned over, such as necklaces that have clasps, the
second arrangement appears.
8. 𝑃 = 𝑛𝑟 H. Use to determine the number of circular permutations
of n things in which clockwise and anti-clockwise
arrangements can be distinguished.

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Q3 Week No. 5 Competency Code: M10SP-IIId-e-1
Introduction:

In the previous self-learning modules, we have learned about the definition of permutation
and combination and when to use it. In this lesson, your understanding of the topic will
be deepened. You will apply your prior knowledge in solving problems involving
permutations and combinations.
However, for you to be able to successfully answer combinatorics problem, first, identify
whether the problem involves permutation or combination. Remember that the difference
between combinations and permutations is ordering. In permutations, we care about the
order of the elements, it will often contain words like “arranged,” “in a row,” or “in order”
whereas with combinations we don't. Instead, these problems have to do with groups of
things in ways that the order doesn’t matter.
The following examples and exercises are presented to facilitate learning.

Example 1
In a meeting, it is required to seat 4 women and 5 men in a row so that the
women will occupy the even places. How many arrangements are possible?

Solution:
The keyword “in a row” pertains to the arrangement of the elements that requires order
and so the problem involves permutation.
The total number of places is 9 thus the
arrangement in a row can be illustrated
using blank spaces.

Since its stated in the problem that women

occupied the even places, the arrangement
in a row of 4 women and 5 men is in
alternating form.

The 4 women can be arranged occupying even places in P (n, n) = P (4, 4) = 4! = 24 ways.
Five men can be arranged on the remaining 5 places in P (n, n) = P (5, 5) = 5! = 120 ways.

Therefore, the number of arrangements

by FCP are,
(24 • 120) = 2,880 ways

Example 2
How many different possible permutations can be made from the word ‘CIRCLE’
such that the vowels will NEVER be together?

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Q3 Week No. 5 Competency Code: M10SP-IIId-e-1
Solution:
The problem already stated that it is a permutation, however, the arrangement of the
elements in the word ‘CIRCLE’, the vowels will NEVER be together. This type of
arrangement is a distinguishable permutation with some conditions or restrictions.
The equation will be

The different possible The number of The number of possible

permutations can be made from possible permutations permutations with
the word ‘CIRCLE’ such that the can be made from the vowels I and E always
vowels will NEVER be together. = word ‘CIRCLE’. − together,

The word “C I R C L E” has 6 letters in which 1 letter occurs twice and the rests are all
different. The number of possible permutations that can be made from the word ‘CIRCLE’ is

𝒏! 𝟔!
P = = = 360 ways
𝒄!𝒊!𝒓!𝒍!𝒆! 𝟐!𝟏!𝟏!𝟏!𝟏!

The vowels that should come together will consider as a

single letter and need to permute again since it contains
another arrangement.

C R C L IE
5! • 2!
P= = 120 ways.
5 4 3 2 1 = 5! 2!
Hence, the number of possible permutations with vowels I and E always together is 120 ways.
Using the equation, the different possible permutations can be made from the word “CIRCLE”
such that the vowels will NEVER be together is,
P = 360 - 120 = 240 ways

Example 3:
How many straight lines can be formed by 8 points of which 3 are collinear?

Solution:
Supposed, there are 𝒏 points in a plane and out of which n points , 𝒎 points are collinear. In
short, each of this selection can generate a straight line but the 𝒎 points are in the same straight
line. Hence, we can make only one straight line using these points. Therefore, we must subtract
(𝒎𝑪𝟐 − 𝟏) from 𝒏𝑪𝟐.

So, the number of straight lines that can be formed by joining these 𝒏 points is
𝒏𝑪𝟐 − 𝒎𝑪𝟐 + 𝟏. Here 𝒏 = 8, 𝒎 = 3

From 8 points, the number of ways to choose 2 to form a line is 𝟖𝑪𝟐 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠 = 28 lines.

Supposed, the 3 collinear points are A, B, and C.

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Q3 Week No. 5 Competency Code: M10SP-IIId-e-1
 ✓ The following are the combinations: AB and BA, AC and CA, BC and CB.
✓ And these 3 pairs of line constitute 1 STRAIGHT LINE.
✓ The number of ways to choose 2 to form a line in these points is 𝟑𝑪𝟐 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔 = 𝟑 lines.
✓ Hence, the number of straight lines can be formed by 8 points of which 3 are collinear
is , 𝟖𝑪𝟐 − 𝟑𝑪𝟐 + 𝟏 = 𝟐𝟔 𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒔.

Example 4:
A committee of 5 persons is to be formed from 6 men and 4 women. In how
many ways can this be done when at least 2 women were included?

Solution:
This type of problem involves combination.
At least 2 women included means the committee can be formed either with 2 or 3 or 4 women.
The following are the possible selections of committee of 5 that includes at least 2 women:

2 women, 3 men It can be done in 4𝐶2 𝑥 6𝐶3 ways

3 woman, 2 men It can be done in 4𝐶3 𝑥 6𝐶2 ways
4 women ,1 man It can be done in 4𝐶4 𝑥 6𝐶1 ways

The total number of ways of forming the committee is

(𝟒𝑪𝟐 𝒙 𝟔𝑪𝟑 ) + (𝟒𝑪𝟑 𝒙 𝟔𝑪𝟐) + (𝟒𝑪𝟒 𝒙 𝟔𝑪𝟏 ) = 𝟏𝟖𝟔 𝒘𝒂𝒚𝒔

Example 5:
If 3 Mathematics books have been selected from 5 different Mathematics books
and 4 English books have been chosen from 6 different English books, in how
many ways can seven books be arranged on a shelf, if 3 Mathematics books
remained together?

Solution:
This type of problem involves permutation and combination.
Number of ways of selecting 3 Mathematics books from 5 different Mathematics books is
𝟓𝑪𝟑 ways.
Similarly, the number of ways of selecting 4 English books from 6 different English books is 𝟔𝑪𝟒
ways.

Number of ways of arranging 3 Mathematics books remain together and 4 English books is
𝟓𝑷𝟓 = 𝟓! ways.
Number of ways of arranging 3 Mathematics books among themselves is
𝟑𝑷𝟑 = 𝟑! ways.

To illustrate, let M as the Math book and E as the English book

(MMM) E E E E Hence, the required number of ways is

(𝟓𝑪𝟑 𝒙 𝟔𝑪𝟒) ( 𝟓! 𝒙 𝟑!) = 108 000 ways.
5 4 3 2 1 = 5! x 3!
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Q3 Week No. 5 Competency Code: M10SP-IIId-e-1
Activity 1
Direction: Write only the expressions or factorial notations in the 2nd column that will
correspond to the solution of the following problems. The first one is done for you.
Problems Expressions / factorial
notations
1. How many quadrilaterals can be formed from 10 points such that
10C4
no three points are collinear?
2. How many 4-digit numbers that are divisible by 10 can be formed
from the numbers 1, 3, 7, 8, 9, 0 such that repetitions of the
number are not allowed?
3. In how many ways can 5 applicants for human resource officers,
4 jobseekers for I.T. programmers and 3 aspirants for graphic
artists be seated in a row so that they are positioned
alternatively? alternately?
4. In how many ways can 3 Bicolano books, 4 Cebuano books, and
2 Ilocano books be arranged on a shelf so that all books of the
same dialects will be together?
5. In a department store, 10 jackets of different styles need to be
displayed. In how many ways can the 10 jackets be hung on a
circular rack?

Activity 2 Modified True or False

Direction: Write True if the mathematical solution in each problem is correct, otherwise
write False if it is not. Put the correct solution in the given workspace and calculate the
number of ways. The first one is done for you.
Problems True/ Workspace
False
1. How many polygons can be possibly formed
from 5 distinct points on a plane, such that no 16 polygons
5C3 + 5C4 + 5C5 = _______
three points are collinear? True
2. In how many ways can 8 graduating high
school seniors’ applicants for college
admission and 3 panelists be seated at a 9! −(8! × 3!) = ______ ways
round table if all the 3 panelists sit together?
3. How many different arrangements can be
formed from the letters of the word, 10! / 2! = ______
ways
PERMUTATION if each arrangement can be
formed ends with letter “a” ?
4. A committee of 5 persons is to be formed from
6 men and 4 women. In how many ways can (4C2 x 6C3 ) + (4C1 x 6C4)
this be done when at most 2 women are
included? =_______ ways
5. In how many ways can 3 house keys, 2 car
𝟏𝟎!
keys and 5 cabinet keys are to be arranged on = ______ ways
𝟑!𝟐!𝟓!
a key ring that has a clasp? Note: Clasp is a
fitting device.
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Q3 Week No. 5 Competency Code: M10SP-IIId-e-1
Activity 3
Direction: Write your solution in the given workspace. The first one is done for you.
Problems Workspace
1. Out of 6 senior high school students and 8 junior
high school students, a committee consisting 6SHS 8 JHS
of 2 seniors and 4 juniors is to be formed. In how 2 Seniors 4 juniors
many ways can this be done,
a) if one student from junior high school must be A committee must consist of 6
in the committee? members.
b) if two students from senior high school must
not be in the committee. a) 6C2 X 7C3 X 1 = 525 ways
b) 4C2 X 8C4 = 420 ways
2. There are 12 coplanar points, five of which are
collinear. Find the number
a) of straight lines that can be formed by joining
them.
b) of triangles that can be formed by joining
them.
3. If 4 Math books have been selected from 6
different Math books , 3 English books have been
chosen from 5 different English books, and 2
Chemistry books from 4 different Chemistry books.
In how many ways can nine books be arranged on
a shelf,
a) if there are NO restrictions?
b) If books of the same subjects remained
together?
4. An anagram of a word is a rearrangement of its
letters. From the word “ALGORITHM”,
a) how many anagrams can be made if each
arrangement begins and ends with a vowel.
b) if four letters are to be selected, how many
these selections contained at least one vowel?
5. How many different five-digit numbers can be
formed from the digits 1,2,3, 4 and 5
(a) if the number is greater than 50, 000 and NO
repetitions are allowed ;
(b) the number is even, and repetitions are allowed
.

How were the activities done so far? Were you able to answer it all? I hope you
just did successfully!

GREAT JOB!!

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Q3 Week No. 5 Competency Code: M10SP-IIId-e-1
REFERENCES:
Callanta, Melvin, Canonigo, Allan, Chua, Arnaldo, Cruz, Jerry, Esparrago, Mirla,
Garcia, Elino, Magnaye, Aries, Orines, Fernando, Perez, Rowena, and
Concepcion Ternida. Mathematics Grade 10 Learner’s. Pasig: Department of
Education, 2015.

Tayao, Antonio, Oronce, Orlando, Plazon, Leonora, and Magdalena Jauco. Secondary
Mathematics Book IV Manila: Rex Book Store, 1992.

https://www.sanfoundry.com/discrete-mathematics-questions-answers-circular-
permutations/ (accessed July 23, 2020).

https://www.mbacrystalball.com/blog/2015/09/25/permutations-and-combinations/
(accessed July 24, 2020).

https://socratic.org/answers/626654 (accessed December 20, 2020)

Prepared by:

AILEEN S. ANASTACIO LPT

________________________________
CITY OF MANDALUYONG SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL
SDO Mandaluyong

VALIDATORS:

MS. JEARVELY H. NALUAL

MS. JOSEPHINE JENNETTE R. JIMENEZ
Content

MS. BABY XYZA F. DELA CRUZ MR. JAY-R B. DONES

Language Layout and Design

Approved:

RESTITUTO I. RODELAS
Education Program Supervisor, Mathematics
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Q3 Week No. 5 Competency Code: M10SP-IIId-e-1