11

WORLD GEOGRAPHY
1. Total area of the earth is
(a) 510,072,000 sq.km (b) 492,102,000 sq.km
(c) 392,023,000 sq.km (d) 692,192,000 sq.km
2. Earth has an equatorial circumference of
(a) 24,901.461 miles (b) 34,902 miles (c) 44,902 miles (d) None of these
3. The total area of oceans contains .
(a) 259,132 million sq.km (b) 391,321 million sq.km
(c) 349,511 million sq.km (d) 361,132 million sq.km
4. The ratio between land and oceans by area is:(a) 70.8% and 29.2%(b) 61.9% and 29.1% (c) 59% and
41% (d) 80.2% and 19.8%
5. The total area of the earthis greater than the area of US.
(a) 10 times (b) 52 times (c) 20 times (d) 29 times
6. The highest part of the earth is:
(a) Mt. Everest (b)K2 (c) Mt.Kilimanjaro (d) None of these
7. The lowest part'of the earth is:
(a) Mariana Trench (b) Dead Sea (c) Death Valley (d) Lake Eyre
8. The deepest part of the earth is:(a) Caspian Sea (b) Peninsula Valdes (c) Mariana Trench (d)
Lake Assal
9. Earth surface is divided into continents.(a)6 (b) 7 (c)2
(d)9
10. Asia is the largest continent with the area of (a) 44,579,000 sq.km (b) 44,391,162 sq.km (c)
44,111,000 sq.km(d) 39,121,000 sq.km
11.Asia comprises of the earth land area.(a) 26.2% (b) 35.2% (c) 29.5%
(d) 20.9%
12.The highest point of Asia is .(a) Mt. Everest (b) Mt. Kilimanjaro (c) Mt.McKinley (d)
Mt. Elbrus
13. The second-largest continent by area is (a) Asia (b) Africa (c) Australia (d)
North America
14.The total area of Africa is:(a) 25,061,002 sq.km (b) 31,921,119 sq. km (c) 30,370,000 sq.km(d)
40,100,091 sq.km
15.Africa has of the total area of the earth.(a) 19.2% (b) 21.9% (c) 18.7%
(d)20.4%
16. The highest point of Africa is: (c) Mt.McKinley (d) Mt. Ellsworth (a) Mt. Everest (b)
Mt. Kilimanjaro
17. The lowest point of Africa is: (c) Lake Eyre (d) Lake Assal (a) Death Valley (b)
Caspian Sea
18. The third-largest continent on earth is (d) South America (a) Europe (b)
Australia (c) North America
19.Total area of North America is:(a) 24,709,000 sq.km (b) 26,606,001 sq. km (c) 27,701,201 sq.km(d)
19,909,289 sq.km
 .12
20.North America contains of the total area of the earth.
(a)20.9% (b)16.5% (c)17.9% (d)15.8%
21. The highest point of North America is:
(a) Mt. Aconcagua (b) Mt.Ellsworth (c) Denali (d) Mt. Kosciuszko
22. The lowest point of North America is:
(a) Peninsula Valdes (b) Lake Eyre (c) Mt.Ellsworth (d) Death Valley
23. What is the total area of South America?

24. South America contains of the total area of the earth.

(a) 9.2% (b)12% (c) 8.6% (d)7.9%
25. The highest point of South America is:
(a) Mt Elbrus (b) Mt. McKinley (c) Mt. Aconcagua (d) Mt. Kosciusko
26. The lowest point of South America is:
(a) Dead Sea (b) Assal Lake (c) Valdes Peninsula (d) Lake Eyre
27. Total area of Antarctica is
(a) 13,141,901 sq.km (b) 13,401,211 sq.km (c) 13,911,910 sq.km(d) 14,000,000 sq.km
28.Antarctica contains of the total area of the earth.
(a)9.2% (b) 7.9% (c) 6.7% (d)8.9%
29.What is the total area of Europe?
(a) 9,992,807 sq.km (b) 10,180,000 sq. km (c) 8,990,293 sq. km (d) 7,871,612 sq.km
30. Europe comprises of the earth land area.
(a) 9.2% (b) 6.4% (c) 6.8% (d)7.2%
31.The highest point of Europe is:
(a) Mt.Elbrus (b) Mt. Kosciusko (c) Mt.McKinley (d)Mt.Aconcagua 32. The lowest point of
Europe is:
(a) Death Valley (b) Valdes Peninsula (c) Lake Eyre (d) Caspian Sea 33.What is the total area
of Australia?
(a) 8.787 million k㎡ (b)8.6 million k㎡ (c) 7.692 million k㎡(d) 8.192 million k㎡34.Australia contains of
the total area of the earth.
(a) 6.1% (b)5.9% (c)5%☑ (d)4.9%35. The highest point of Australia is:
(a) Mt. Everest (b) MAt. Kilimanjaro (c) Mt.McKinley (d) Mt.Kosciuszko 36. The lowest point of
Australia is:
(a) Caspian Sea (b) Lake Eyre (c) Valdes Peninsula (d) Death Valley 37.About of the earth's crust is
composed of aluminum.(a) 26.4% (b) 23.2% (c)8.1% (d)13.2%38. The deepest point of the
oceans lies in Pacific Ocean, it is:(a) Mariana Trench (b) Java Trench (c) Sunda Strait (d) Puerto Rico
Trench 39. The greatest depth in the Indian Ocean is:
(a) Vostok (b) Sunda Strait (c) Mariana Trench (d) Java Trench 40. The highest waterfall of
the world is:
(a) Angel Falls (b) Kaieteur Falls (c) Victoria Falls (d) Nigara Falls
 13

41.The area around the North and South poles within the polar circle is called:(a) Moderate Zone (b)
Hottest Zone (c) Frigid Zone (d) Temperate Zone
42.Death Valley in California (US) is famous for:
(a) Polluted area (b) Hottest area (c) Frigid area (d) Volcanic area
43.The largest occan of the world is:
(a) Atlantic Ocean (b) Pacific Ocean (c) Indian Ocean (d) North Sea
44.The smallest sea of the world is:
(a) Red Sea (b) Baltic Sea (c) North Sea (d) Bering Sea
45.Strait of Gibraltar connects:
(a) Mediterrancan Sea with Atlantic Ocean (b) Atlantic Ocean with Pacific Ocean
(c) Red Sea with Mediterranean Sea (d) Red Sea with Pacific Ocean
46.Panama Canal connects:
(a) Pacific Ocean with Caribbean Sea (b) Atlantic Ocean with Pacific Ocean
(c) Red Sea with Caribbean Sea (d) Mediterranean Sea with Red Sea
47. Sea of Japan is famous for:
(a) Fishing (b) Boating (c) Salt (d) Mineral Water
48. Which of the following is a Baltic state?
(a) Estonia (b) Serbia (c) Romania (d) Bulgaria
49.Identify the biggest island.
(a) Borneo (b) Greenland (c) Madagascar (d) Sumatra
50.Which natural region is characterized by the rainfall mainly in winter?
(a) Mediterranean region(b) Natural region (c)/Southern region (d) None of these
51. Which one is the largest salt water lake in the world?
fa) Caspian Sea (b) Dead Sea (c) Aral Sea. (d) Qinghai Lake
52.Identify the world largest city (by area).
(a) New York (b) Tokyo (c) Beijing (d) Toronto
53.Identify the longest strait of the world.
(a) Strait of Gibraltar (b) Palk Strait (c) Strait of Malacca (d) Strait of Dover
54. Takla Makan Desert is located in:
(a) Iran (b) China (c) Magnolia (d) Chile
55. Identify the world smallest state by population.
(a) Vatican City (b) Singapore (c) San Marino (d) Maldives
56. Kuril Islands is situated between:
(a) China and India (b) Russia and Japan (c) India and Pakistan(d) USA and Canada
57.What is Green Peace?
(a) An organization that stresses the need to maintain a balance between human progress and
environmental conservation.
(b) A term used in geography.
(c) Geological Society of New York.
(d) An organization that maintains peace in the world.
58.Yellow Sea lies between:
(a) China and Korea (b) Egypt and Saudi Arabia
(c) Singapore and Sri Lanka (d) Australia and New Zealand
 14

59. World's largest volcano Mauna Loa is located in:

(a) Alaska (USA) (b) Mayn (Philippines)
(c) Hawaii (USA) (d) Mt. Merapi (Indonesia)
60. The eastern Mediterranean island Cyprus is divided between:
(a) US and Canada (b) South Korea and North Korea
(c) Turkey and Japan (d) Greece and Turkey
61. World's smallest Islamic state (area-wise) is:
(a) Maldives (b) Brunei (c) Morocco (d) Syria
62. World's famous Golden Gate Bridge is situated in:
(a) London (b) Paris (c) Sydney (d) San Francisco 63.Sakhalin Islands are claimed by:
(a) USA and Cuba (b) USA and Russia (c) Russia and Japan (d) Japan and China 64. is world's largest
producer of uranium:
(a) Azerbaijan (b) Kazakhstan (c) Ethiopia (d) Canada
65. Dead Sea is situated between:
(a) Israel and Jordan (b) Iraq and Iran (c) Iran and Russia (d) Russia and Turkey 66. Identify the largest
sea.
(a) East China Sea (b) Mediterranean Sea (c) South China Sea (d) Bering Sea
67. .Which country has greatest number of volcanoes in the world?
(a) Philippines (b) Israel (c) Sudan (d) Indonesia
68. Which of the following country has large number of islands?
(a) Philippines (b) Indonesia (c) Cameron (d) West Indies
69. What is subway?
(a) Path above the ground level (b) Path below the sea level (c) Underground
passage (d) Path ends at closed street
70. The main cause of earthquakes is:
(a) Sudden cooling and contraction of the earth surface.
(b) Coming into activity of some dormant volcanoes.
(c) Due to internal heat, sometimes water changes into steam and expands.
(d) All of these
71.Which sea is located in Central Asia?
(a) Red Sea (b) North Sea (c) Aral Sea (d) Japan Sea
72. Which country is below the sea level?
(a) Netherlands (b)Iceland (c) Belgium (d) Germany
73. is ranked sixth in the world in terms of its amounts of mineral resources (a) Tajikistan (b)
Kyrgyzstan (c) Kazakhstan (d) Azerbaijan 74. The strength of wave action depends on all these
except:
(a) Intensity of wind (b) Depth of sea water(c) Strength of wind (d) Currents in the sea 75. Which of
these is not a metamorphic rock?
(a) Slate (b) Quartzite (c) Schist (d)Shale
76. Bore is caused by:
(a) Rising tidewith meeting river currents (b) Unequal heating of oceans (c) Spring tide and
strong winds (d) Friction from prevailing winds
 15

77.Which of these is a process of transportation in a river?

(a) Solution (b) Corrosion (c) Attrition (d) Deposition
78.A canyon is a large form of:(a) Badland (b) Pediment (c) Gorge (d) Plucking
79.What kind of weathering takes place in the valley side above the surface of the glacier?
(a) Frost-shattering (b)Hailing (c) Drizzling (d) Chemical weathering
80.Which rains in the equatorial region are the result of influences?
(a) Sea breeze (b) Land breeze (c) Monsoon (d) Convectional
81.Mediterranean regions are useful for:
(a) Fruit growing (b) Wine production (c) Tourism (d) All of these
82.Any wind that changes direction with the seasons,is known as
(a) Cyclone (b) Hurricane (c) Monsoon (d) Earthquake
83. The largest latitude cirele on the earth is:
(a) Arctic Circle (b) Tropic of Cancer (c) The Equator (d) Tropic of Capricorn
84. World's largest delta is
(a) India (b) Sri Lanka (c)Japan (d) Bangladesh
85. What is meant by equinox?
(a) Day and night are equal (b) The longest night
(c) The longest day (d) None of these
86.What is meant by solstice?
(a) The longest night
(b) When sun reaches its maximum distance from earth's equator
(c) When sun goes through equator (d) None of these
87. The seasons change because the:
(a) Mercury is attracting the sun (b) Earth is revolving round the sun
(c) Earth is spinning its axis (d) Moon is revolving round the sun
88.What is the age of earth is about?
(a) 4600 million years (b) 6200 million years (c) 5500 million years(d) 4500 million years
89. Antarctica is situated in the:
(a) North Pole (b) South Pole
(c) Eastern Hemisphere (d) Western Hemisphere
90. Which continent is called the Dark continent?(a) Europe (b) North America (c) Africa
(d) Antarctica
91. In which continent the Alps mountain is situated in?(a) Europe (b) North
America (c) South America (d)Asia
92. Suez canal connects (a) Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean (b) Indian Ocean and
North Sea (c) Red Sea and Mediterranean Sea (d) North Sea and Japan Sea
93. Which is the shortest day in the Northern Hemisphere?(a) January 15 (b) December 21or
22 (c) December 29 (d) January 30
94. The earth rotation on its axis is from:(a) South to North (b) North to South (c) East to West
(d) West to East
95.Rainfall related to mountains is called:(a) Cyclonic rainfall (b)
Monsoon rainfall (c) Orographic rainfall (d) Normal rainfall
 16

96. Which waterway gives the source of terrestrial positions of the basin?
(a) Canals (b) Lakes (c) Rivers (d) Oceans
97. Friendship Bridge on Oxus river connects:
(a) Uzbekistan and Afghanistan (b) Tajikistan and Kazakhstan
(c) Russia and Afghanistan (d) China and Russia
98. Johor strait separates:
(a) Italy and Japan (b) France and Germany
(c) Singapore and Malaysia (d) Florida and Sicily
99. Strait of Dover separates:
(a) Cuba and Florida (b) Spain and South Africa
(c) Germany and France (d) England and France
100. Bay of Biscay is situated between:
(a) Germany and France (b) Finland and Scotland
(c) France and Spain (d) Estonia and Sweden
101. The longest underwater tunnel “Seikan Tunnel" is located in:
(a) England (b) Germany (c) Brazil (d) Japan
102. The most populous metropolitan area is:
(a) New York (b) Sydney (c) Mexico City (d) Tokyo
103. The coldest region of the world is:
(a) Siberia (b) Mason Ram (c) Haiti (d) Siachen
104. The diameter of the earth at the equator is:
(a) 12,742km (b)14,852km (c) 13,655km (d) None of these
105. The earth orbits the sun at:
(a) 105,120 km/hour (b) 106,220 km/hour (c) 107,320 km/hour (d) None of these
106. The sun shines vertically on the equator:
(a) Once a year (b) Twice a year (c) Four times a year (d) Thrice a year
107. Which of the following countries has the longest summer day?
(a) USA (b) Pakistan (c) France (d) Greenland
108. The standard time of Pakistanis:
(a) 3.5 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (b) 5 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time
(c) 4 hour behind Greenwich Mean Time (d) 4 hours ahead Greenwich Mean Time
109. On which date sunrays are vertical over the Tropic of Cancer?
(a) March 21 (b) June 21 (c) September 23 (d) December 22
110. The minimum distance between the sun and the earth occurs on:
(a) December 22 (b) June 21 (c) September 22 (d)January 3
111.What is the period of the lunar month?
(a) 27.32 days (b) 27.50 days (c) 30 days (d) 29.53 days
112. Greenwich is situated near:
(a) New York (b) Tokyo L(c) London (d) Paris
113. Epeirogeny is the result of:
(a) Vertical earth movements (b) Mass movements
(c) Horizontal earth movements (d) All of these
114.What is meant by orogeny?
(a) Uplifiment at continental scale due to vertical earth movements.
(b) Upliftment at continental scale due to horizontal earth movements.
 17

(s) Upliftment at sub-continental scale due to vertical carth movements.

(d) Upliftment at sub-continental scale due to horizontal earth movement.
115. Red Sea is an example of a:
(a) Fold Valley (b) Rift Valley
(c) Eroded Valley (d) Volcanic structure
116. The Elastic-rebound Theory deauls with:
(a) Distribution of oceans and continents (b) Active and dormant volcanic activity
(c) Folding and faulting (d)Earthquakes
117. What is graben?
(a) Down folded area (b) An unfolded area (c)An upforwarded1 (d) A downfaulted area
118. Where is the focus of the plutonic earthquakes?
(a) On the surface of the earth (b) Just below the crust of the earth
(c) At great depth in the interior of the earth (d) It can be anywhere in basaltic rocks
119. The cradles of civilisation have been:
(a) Valleys (b) Plains (c) Plateau (d)Hills
120. Which layer of atmosphere is vital for telecommunications?
(a) Troposphere (b) Thermosphere (c) Stratosphere (d) Ionosphere
121. Which clouds likely to cause heavy rainfall?
(a) Nimbostratus (b) Cirrocumulus (c) Stratocumulus (d) Stratuscumulus
122. What is a cyclone?
(a) A low pressure system with clockwise winds in the Northern Hemisphere.
(b) A high pressure system with anti-clockwise winds in Northern Hemisphere.
(c) A low pressure system with anti-clockwise winds in Northern Hemisphere
(d) A high pressure system with clockwise winds in the Northern Hemisphere.
123. Warm air tends to rise up through cold air because:
(a), The warm air is heavier (b) The warm air is denser
(c) The warm air is less denser (d) Of convection
124. The highest salinity is found in
(a) Dead Sea (b) Red Sea (c) Assal lake (d) None of these
125. What is an iceberg?
(a) A sea mammal (b) A floating mass of ice
(c) A frozen sea (d) A large coral formation
126. Which is the most abundant component of salts in sea?
(a) Calcium (b) Sodium (c) Chlorine (d) Potassium
127. Which ooze is found in great abundance in the Aflantic Ocean?
(a) Radiolarian (b) Pteropod (c) Globigerina (d) Diatom
128. Which of the folowing regions have the lowest salinity?
(a) Atlantic Ocean (b) Dead Sea (C) Mediterranean Sea(d) Great Lake
129. Organisms that live on the ocean bottoms are:(a) Plankton (b) Benthos (c) Neckton
(d) All of these
130. The grassland of Asia is called:(a) Downs (b) Velds (c) Pampes (d) Steppe
131. Rice needs:(a) Low temperature and heavy rainfall (b) High temperature and low rainfall
(c) Heavy rainfall and high temperature (d) Low temperature and low rainfall
 18

132. What is viticulture?

(a) Cultivation of grapes (b) Growving small plants
(c) Growing tobacco (d) Cultivation of spices
133. What is horticulture?
(a) Growing of flowers and fruits (b) Rearing animals for meat and skins
(c) Farming without crop rotation (d) Cultivation of crops without any machine
134. What is meant by humid farming?
(a) Farming without irrigation (b) Farming in rainy seasons
(c) Farming in semi-arid regions (d) Contour farming
135. World's largest coffee producer is:
(a) Columbia (b) Venezeula (c) USA (d)Brazil
136. In Pakistan iron ore is found in:
(a) Muslimbagh (b) Kalabagh (c) Chaman (d)Chagai
137. Which is an example of a foot-loose industry?
(a) Hydro Power Generation (b) Chemical Industry
L(c) Electronics Industry (d) Fertilizers Industry
138. The aborigines of North America are called:
(a) Hamites (b) Semites (c) Red Indians (d) Mestizoes
139. A hinterland is:
(a) An area that lies behind a seaport and supplies the bulk of its exports
(b) The interior of a valley
(c) An elevated area (d) An area occupied by backward communit
140. A local wind that blows from sea towards land is:
(a) Land breeze (b) Sea breeze (c) Norwester (d) Sirocco
141. The river Irrawardy is the life-blood of:
V(a) Myanmar (b) Bangladesh (c) Thailand (d) Laos
142. Gilbert Islands is known as:
(a) Kiribati (b) Batikar (c) Vientiane (d) Atikirib
143. Sheffield has been famous for:
(a) Textile Industry (b) Cutlery Industry
(c) Tin-plate Industry (d) Wax and candle Industry
144. Which of the following lies on the Nile River?
(a) Nairobi (b) Addis Ababa (c) Khartoum (d) Kinhasa
145. Diego Garcia is an Island in:
(a) Pacific Ocean (b) Arctic Ocean (c) Indian Ocean (d) Atlantic Ocean
146. Which of the following is the busiest ocean trade routes?
(a) Suez Canal (b) Cape of Good Hope(c) North Atlantic (d) Panama Canal
147. What is the Gulf stream?
(a) A cold current in the Atlantic Ocean. (b) A cold current in the Pacific Ocean.
(c) A warm current in the Atlantic Ocean. (d) A warm current in the Pacific Ocean.
148. What is the most common salt in seawater?
(a) Calcium carbonate (b) Potassium chloride
(c) Sodium chloride (d) Magnesium sulphate
 19

149. Sericulture refers to:

(a) Cultivation of vegetables L(b) Rearing of silkworms
(c) Cultivation of fruit plants (d) Cultivation of ornamental plants
150. Which are the Benelux countries?
(a) Norway, Sweden,Belgium (b) Belgium,Holland,Norway
(c) Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg (d) Belgium, Netherlands,Denmark
151. Which of following is hardwood tree?
(a) Sheesham (b)Pine (c) Spruce (d) Deodar
152. Speleology is the scientific study of:
(a) Soil (b) Caves (c) Sky (d) Clouds
153. Horse latitudes refer to the:
(a) Polar region (b) Equatorial low pressure
c) Sub-tropical high pressure belt (d) Sub-polar low pressure belt
154. Dead Sea is:
(a) A freshwater lake used for irrigation
(b) Salt lake and lowest point of earth below sea level
(c) Used for fishing (d) Useful for navigation
155. In which country one would find the yak?
(a) Tibet (b) England (c) Vietnam (d) Australia
156.Afacama desert lies in:
(a) Chile (b) Japan (c) Austria (d) Korea
157. Suez canal was constructed in
(a) 1845 (b)1869 (c) 1898 (d)1904
158. Which of the following is a rift valley?
(a) Amazon Valley (b) Thames Valley (c) Rhine Valley (d) Mississippi Valley
159. Aswan Dam is in:
(a) Libya (b) Egypt (c) Sudan (d) Tunisia
160. Forest soil is:
(a) Rich in potash (b) Deficient in potash (c) Rich in salt (d) High organic matt
161. River Po flows in:
(a) Malaysia (b) Thailand (c) Indonesia (d) Italy
162. The biggest exporter of food is:
(a) EU (b) Japan (c) USA (d) Italy
163. The largest producer of pig-iron is:
(a) USA (b)France (c)China (d) Indonesia
164. The largest copper producing country is:
(a) USA (b) Russia (c) Chile (d) Pakistan
165. What is bedrock?
(a) The upper layer of the earth (b) The middle layer of the earth
(c) The solid rock of the earth (d) A deep point in the mountain
166. What is a basin?
(a) High area of land (b) Deep area of river (c) Low area of land (d) Deep area of oc
167. What is a cataract?
(a) Large waterfall (b) Large rush of water (c) Both of these (d) None of these
 20

168. The term 'Bore' signifies:

(a) To drill a well (b) A wave caused by tides
(c) A wave caused by air (d) To extract water from the earth
169. The theory continental drift is:
(a) The earth land masses are squeezing (b) The earth land masses are going big
L(C) The earth land masses are moved throughout the time
(d) The earth land masses are coming closer
170. Name the process by which the surface of the earth is worn away.
(a) Hurricane (b) Windstorm (c) Cyclone (d) Erosion
171. The term 'humidity' indicates:
(a) Degree of coldness in the air (b) Amount of water vapours in the air
(c) The amount of fog in the air (d) Amount of pollutants in the air
172. What does mean by Meander?
(a) A grassy area (b) A barren area (c) A bend of a river (d) A bend of a canal
173. Name the wetland in which trees or shrubs are the dominant form of vegetation.
(a) Pampas (b) Swamp (c) Marshland (d) None of these
174. What is tropical climate?
(a) Considerable rain (b) Three distinct seasons
(c) Both of these (d) None of these
175. Area dominated by trees and shrubs is commonly known as .
(a) Woodland (b) Forest (c) Greenland (d) Shurubland
176. What is cyclone?
(a) Air whirl (b) A large system of winds
(c) Heavy air (d) A giant circular storm system
177. A period of dry weather, caused by lack of rain is termed as (a) Desertification
(b)Famine (c) Dryness (d) Draught
178. The Gulf of Mannar is located in:
(a) Pacific Ocean (b) Atlantic Ocean (c) Caribbean Sea (d) Indian Ocean 179. Straits of Florida
connects:
(a) Atlantic Ocean with Caribbean Sea (b) Gulf of Mexico with Caribbean Sea (C) Gulf of Mexico
with Atlantic Ocean (d) Caribbean Sea with Pacific Ocean
180. Straits of Florida is located between:
(a) Japan and Korea (b) Cuba and Bahamas (c) Italy and Sicily
(d) Canada and Greenland

ANSWERS

1. a 2. a 3. d 4. a 5. b 6. a 7. b
8. C 9. b 10. b 11. C 12. a 13. b 14. C
15. d 16. b 17. d 18. C 19. a 20. b 21. C
22. d 23. a 24. b 25. C 26. C 27. d 28. 2

29. b 30. C 31. a 32. d 33. C 34. C 35.