COMPUTER PRACTICAL FILE
1. Write a program that generates a series using a function which takes first and last
values of the series and then generates four terms that are equidistant e.g., if two
numbers passed are 1and 7 then function returns 1 3 5 7.
PROGRAM
def s(x,y):
d=round((y-x)/3,2)
return [x,x+d,x+2*d,y]
x=int(input('enter num1:'))
y=int(input("enter num2:"))
print(s(x,y))
OUTPUT
Enter num1:1
Enter num2:7
[1, 3, 5, 7]
2. Write a function that takes two numbers and returns the number that has minimum
one's digit. Eg. If 491 and 278 are the two numbers then the function returns 491 as
1<8. (1 is the unit digit in 491 and 8 is the unit digit in 278)
PROGRAM
def num(x,y):
if x%10>y%10:
return y
elif x%10<y%10:
return x
else:
return "one's place digit is equal"
x=int(input('enter num1:'))
y=int(input('enter num2:'))
print(num(x,y))
OUTPUT
enter the first number 491
enter the second number 278
491
3. Write a function that takes a sentence as an input parameter where each word in
the sentence is separated by a space. The function should replace each blank with a
hyphen and then return the modified sentence.
PROGRAM
def rep(s):
s=s.replace('','-')
return s
s=input("Enter a sentence:")
print('The modified string is:',rep(s))
OUTPUT
Enter a sentence: Hello how are you
The modified string is: Hello-how-are-you
4. Write a function called remove_duplicates that takes a list and returns a new list
with only the unique elements from the original. They don’t have to be in the same
order.
PROGRAM
def remove_duplicates(l):
l1=list(set((l)))
return l1
l=eval(input('Enter a list:'))
print("The new list is:",remove_duplicates(l))
OUTPUT
Enter a list: [1,2,2,2,3,4,5,4,3,4,5]
The new list is: [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
5. Write a program to read a list of elements. Input an element, from the user, that has
to be inserted into the list. Also input the position at which it is to be inserted. Write a
user defined function to insert the element at the desired position in the list.
PROGRAM
def linsert(l,e,p):
l.insert(p-1,e)
l=eval(input("enter a list:"))
e=eval(input("enter element to be inserted:"))
p=int(input("postion for insertion:"))
linsert(l,e,p)
print(l)
OUTPUT
enter a list of elements [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,4,2,1]
enter the element to be inserted 10
enter the position of insertion 5
[1, 2, 3, 4, 10,5, 6, 7, 4, 2, 1]
6. Write a function that receives two string arguments and checks whether they are
same length strings (returns True in this case otherwise false).
PROGRAM
def length(a,b):
if (len(a)==len(b)):
return True
else:
return False
a=input("Enter a string: ")
b=input("Enter another string: ")
if(length(a,b)):
print("Same String")
else:
print("Not same")
OUTPUT
Enter a string: Python
Enter another string: Program
Not same
Enter a string: Python
Enter another string: Python
Same String
7. Input a string having some digits. Write a function to return the sum of digits
present in this string.
PROGRAM
def add_int():
s=0
s1=input('Enter the string ')
for i in s1:
if i.isdigit():
s+=int(i)
return s
print("Sum of digits: ",add_int())
OUTPUT
Enter the string KA04JE3261
Sum of digits: 16
8. Write a program that checks for presence of a value inside a dictionary and prints
its key.
PROGRAM
d=eval(input("Enter dict"))
val=eval(input("Enter val"))
for k,v in d.items():
if v==val:
break;
if v==val:
print("Key=",k)
else:
print("not found")
OUTPUT
enter a dictionary {1:'a',2:'b',3:'c'}
enter the value 'a'
the value is present in the dictionary.
the key is 1
9. Consider two dictionaries Emp1 and Emp2 each of which contains the items
Employee code and Employee name. Write function to merge these two dictionaries.
INPUT
def merge():
Emp1=eval(input("enter the first dictionary "))
Emp2=eval(input("enter the second dictionary "))
d3={}
d3.update(Emp1)
d3.update(Emp2)
return d3
print('The merged dictionary is', merge())
OUTPUT
enter the first dictionary {101:'Kevin',102:'Oscar',103:'Angela'}
enter the second dictionary {104:'Jim',105:'Dwight',106:'Stanley',107:'Pam'}
the merged dictionary is {101: 'Kevin', 102: 'Oscar', 103: 'Angela', 104: 'Jim', 105:
'Dwight',
106: 'Stanley', 107: 'Pam'}
10. Write a function to find the highest 2 values in a dictionary.
PROGRAM
def m():
d1=eval(input("enter a dictionary "))
l=list(d1.values())
l.sort()
print(l[-1],l[-2])
print("The highest two values are ",m())
OUTPUT
enter a dictionary {111:'a',222:'b',333:'c',444:'x',555:'d'}
The highest two values are x d
11. Write a program that counts the number of characters up to the first $ in a text
file.
PROGRAM
f=open('readme.txt','w')
f.write('Hari om! we have accounted for 700$ in the carnival stalls, we are in short of
100$.thank you. ')
f.close()
f=open('readme.txt','r')
d=f.read()
cnt=0
for char in d:
if char=='$':
break
else:
cnt=cnt+1
print("The number of characters in the file up to first $ :",cnt)
OUTPUT
The number of characters in the file up to first $ : 34
12. Write a function to search and display the details of all trains, whose destination
is "Delhi", from a binary file "TRAIN.DATA". Assuming the binary file is containing the
objects of the following dictionary type. train={'Tno':_____, 'From':___________, 'To':
___________}.
PROGRAM
import pickle
def add():
f=open("TRAIN.DATA","ab")
train={}
train['Tno']=int(input("Enter train code "))
train['From']=input("Enter starting location ")
train['To']=input("Enter destination ")
pickle.dump(train,f)
f.close()
def search():
f=open("TRAIN.DATA","rb")
try:
while True:
train=pickle.load(f)
if train['To']=='Delhi':
print(train)
except EOFError:
pass
f.close()
def main():
while True:
add()
choice=input("Add more records(y/n)?")
if choice=='n':
break
print('Trains having destination as Delhi are:')
search()
main()
OUTPUT
Enter train code 111
Enter starting location Bangalore
Enter destination Delhi
Add more records(y/n)?y
Enter train code 222
Enter starting location Mumbai
Enter destination Bangalore
Add more records(y/n)?y
Enter train code 333
Enter starting location Mumbai
Enter destination Delhi
Add more records(y/n)?y
Enter train code 444
Enter starting location Bangalore
Enter destination Mumbai
Add more records(y/n)?n
Trains having destination as Delhi are:
{'Tno': 111, 'From': 'Bangalore', 'To': 'Delhi'}
{'Tno': 333, 'From': 'Mumbai', 'To': 'Delhi'}
13. Write a function that reads a csv file and creates another csv file with the same
content, but with a different delimiter.
PROGRAM
import csv
f=open('employee.csv','w',newline='')
emp=csv.writer(f)
emp.writerow(['ID','Name','Salary'])
n=int(input('enter the number of records '))
for i in range(n):
ID=int(input('enter ID of employee '))
name=input('enter the name ' )
salary=float(input("enter the salary "))
emp_rec=[ID,name,salary]
emp.writerow(emp_rec)
f.close()
def copycsv():
fh1=open('employee.csv','r')
d=csv.reader(fh1)
fh=open('copyemp.csv','w',newline='')
l=csv.writer(fh,delimiter='|')
for j in d:
l.writerow(j)
fh.close()
copycsv()
OUTPUT
enter the number of records 3
enter ID of employee 101
enter the name Michael Scott
enter the salary 80000
enter ID of employee 102
enter the name Jim Halpert
enter the salary 70000
enter ID of employee 103
enter the name Kevin Malone
enter the salary 65000
ORIGINAL CSV FILE – employee.csv
ID,Name,Salary
101,Michael Scott,80000.0
102,Jim Halpert,70000.0
103,Kevin Malone,65000.0
NEW CSV FILE WITH SAME CONTENT BUT DIFFERENT DELIMITER -
copyemp.csv
ID|Name|Salary
101|Michael Scott|80000.0
102|Jim Halpert|70000.0
103|Kevin Malone|65000.0
14. Read a text file line by line and display each word separated by a #.
PROGRAM
f=open('test.txt','r')
while (True):
line=f.readline()
if not line:
break
else:
print(line.replace(' ','#'))
f.close()
OUTPUT
Python#is#a#programming#language
Python#is#a#high#level#language
Python#is#an#interpreted#language
15. Read a text file and display the number of vowels/ consonants/ uppercase/
lowercase characters in the file.
PROGRAM
f=open("test.txt","r")
vcount=ccount=ucount=lcount=0
vowels="aeiouAEIOU"
name=f.read()
print(name)
for char in name :
if char in vowels:
vcount=vcount+1
elif 65<=ord(char.upper())<=90:
ccount=ccount+1
if char.isupper():
ucount=ucount+1
elif char.islower():
lcount=lcount+1
print("Number of vowels:",vcount)
print("Number of consonants:",ccount)
print("Number of uppercase characters:",ucount)
print("Number of lowercase characters in:",lcount)
OUTPUT
Number of vowels: 31
Number of consonants: 52
Number of uppercase characters: 3
Number of lowercase characters in: 80
16. Remove all the lines that contain the character 'a' in a file and write it to another
file.
PROGRAM
f=open("test.txt","r")
f1=open("test1.txt","w")
l1=[]
l=f.readlines()
for line in l:
if line.count('a')>0:
f1.write(line)
else:
l1.append(line)
f1.close()
f.close()
f=open("test.txt","w")
f.writelines(l1)
f.close()
OUTPUT
Original File – test.txt
Welcome to New Horizon.
I study in class 12.
New File – test1.txt
I study in class 12.
Modified File - test.txt
Welcome to New Horizon.
17. Create a binary file with name and roll number. Search for a given roll number
and display the name, if not found display appropriate message.
PROGRAM
import pickle
f=open('stu.binary','wb')
data={}
n=int(input('enter the number of records '))
for i in range(n):
data['rollno']=int(input('enter roll number '))
data['name']=input('enter the name ')
pickle.dump(data,f)
f.close()
s=int(input('enter the roll number to search for:'))
fh=open('stu.binary','rb')
d=pickle.load(fh)
if d['rollno']==s:
print(data['name'])
else:
print('roll number not found.')
fh.close()
OUTPUT
enter roll number:101
enter the name:angela
enter roll number:102
enter the name:dwight
enter roll number:103
enter the name:jim
enter roll number:104
enter the name:pam
enter roll number:105
enter the name:ryan
enter the roll number to search for:104
pam
18. Create a binary file with roll number, name and marks. Input a roll number and
update the marks.
PROGRAM
import pickle
f=open("binfile","wb")
l=[]
found=0
for i in range(5):
r=int(input("Enter roll"))
n=input("Enter name")
m=int(input("Enter marks"))
l=[r,n,m]
pickle.dump(l,f)
f.close()
f=open("binfile","rb+")
rd=int(input("Enter roll to update"))
try:
while True:
pos=f.tell()
l=pickle.load(f)
if l[0]==rd:
l[2]=int(input("Enter marks"))
f.seek(pos)
pickle.dump(l,f)
found=1
break
except EOFError:
if found==0:
print("No match found")
else:
print("Successfully updated")
print("Student File")
print("============")
f.seek(0)
try:
while True:
r=pickle.load(f)
print(r)
except EOFError:
f.close()
OUTPUT
Enter roll: 1
Enter name: Ram
Enter marks: 70
Enter roll: 2
Enter name: Shyam
Enter marks: 72
Enter roll: 3
Enter name: Hari
Enter marks: 65
Enter roll: 4
Enter name: Kavitha
Enter marks: 80
Enter roll: 5
Enter name: Krishna
Enter marks: 75
Enter roll to update: 4
Enter marks: 95
Student File
============
[1, 'Ram', 70]
[2, 'Shyam', 72]
[3, 'Hari', 65]
[4, 'Kavitha', 95]
[5, 'Krishna', 75]
19. Write a random number generator that generates random numbers between 1
and 6(simulates a dice).
PROGRAM
def roll_dice():
import random
return random.randint(1,6)
print('number generated is',roll_dice())
OUTPUT
number generated is 4
20. Create a CSV file by entering user-id and password, read and search the
password for given user-id.
PROGRAM
import csv
f=open('adm','w')
r=csv.writer(f)
r.writerow(['user ID','password'])
n=int(input('enter the number of records '))
for i in range(n):
username=input('enter user ID ')
password=input('enter password ')
rec=[username,password]
r.writerow(rec)
f.close()
def search():
fh=open('adm','r')
l=csv.reader(fh)
user=input('enter your user ID to get password ')
if user==rec[0]:
print(password)
else:
print('user not found.')
fh.close()
search()
OUTPUT
enter the number of records 3
enter user ID michael123
enter password hollyfax
enter user ID jim_halpert
enter password pamela67
enter user ID pam_2
enter password jimcecephilip
enter your user ID to get password pam_2
jimcecephilip
21.Write a program that depending upon user's choice, either pushes or pops an
element in a stack.
def push(item):
stack.append(item)
def pop():
if stack==[]:
print("There are no elements in the stack.")
return
return stack.pop()
stack=[]
ans='Y'
while ans=='Y'or ans=='y' :
print("\nYou have following options :")
print("\n1. Push an element in the stack. \n2. Pop an element from the stack. ")
choice=int(input("Enter your choice : "))
if choice==1 :
item=int(input("Enter the element to be pushed in the stack : "))
push(item)
print("Stack : ",stack)
elif choice==2 :
item=pop()
if item!=None :
print(item, " is removed from the stack.")
if stack!=[]:
print("Stack : ",stack)
else :
print("Invalid choice.")
ans=input("Do you want to continue(Y/N) : ")
Output:
You have following options :
1. Push an element in the stack.
2. Pop an element from the stack.
Enter your choice : 1
Enter the element to be pushed in the stack : 1
Stack : [1]
Do you want to continue(Y/N) : y
You have following options :
1. Push an element in the stack.
2. Pop an element from the stack.
Enter your choice : 1
Enter the element to be pushed in the stack : 2
Stack : [1, 2]
Do you want to continue(Y/N) : y
You have following options :
1. Push an element in the stack.
2. Pop an element from the stack.
Enter your choice : 1
Enter the element to be pushed in the stack : 3
Stack : [1, 2, 3]
Do you want to continue(Y/N) : y
You have following options :
1. Push an element in the stack.
2. Pop an element from the stack.
Enter your choice : 2
3 is removed from the stack.
Stack : [1, 2
22. A line of text is read from the input terminal into a stack. Write a program to output
the string in the reverse order, each character appearing twice.
def push(line):
for item in line :
stack.append(item)
def pop():
return stack.pop()
line=input("Enter a line of text : ")
stack=[]
push(line)
if stack==[] :
print("Empty string.")
else :
print("\nReversed string : ")
for item in range(len(stack)):
print(pop()*2, end="")
Output:
Enter a line of text : Hello World
Reversed string :
ddllrrooWW oolllleeHH
23. Write PUSH (Books) and POP (Books) methods, in python to add Books and
remove Books considering them to act as Push and Pop operations of stack.
def push(book):
stack.append(book)
def pop():
if stack==[]:
print("There are no books.")
return
return stack.pop()
stack=[]
ans='Y'
while ans=='Y'or ans=='y' :
print("\nYou have following options :")
print("\n1. Add a book. \n2. Remove a book. ")
choice=int(input("Enter your choice : "))
if choice==1 :
book=input("Enter the book to be added : ")
push(book)
print("Books : ",stack)
elif choice==2 :
book=pop()
if book!=None :
print(book, " is removed .")
if stack!=[]:
print("Books : ",stack)
else :
print("Invalid choice.")
ans=input("Do you want to continue(Y/N) : ")
Output:
You have following options :
1. Add a book.
2. Remove a book.
Enter your choice : 1
Enter the book to be added : aaa
Books : ['aaa']
Do you want to continue(Y/N) : y
You have following options :
1. Add a book.
2. Remove a book.
Enter your choice : 2
aaa is removed.
Do you want to continue(Y/N) : y
You have following options :
1. Add a book.
2. Remove a book.
Enter your choice : 2
There are no books.
Do you want to continue(Y/N) : n
Database
24. To create a database class.
CREATE DATABASE class;
25. To create student table with the student id, class, section, gender, name, dob,
and marks as attributes where the student id is the primary key.
CREATE TABLE student (studentid INT PRIMARY KEY,class DECIMAL(2),section
VARCHAR(1),gender VARCHAR(6),studentname VARCHAR(30),dob DATE,marks
DECIMAL(4));
Output:
studentid class section gender studentname dob marks
26. To insert the details of at least 5 students in the above table.
INSERT INTO student VALUES(1,12,”A”,”M”,”Anand”,”2006-06-06",56).
(2,12,”B”,”M”,”Anand”,”2005-04-04",59),
(3,12,”C”,”M”,”Ansuh”,”2005-05-04",49),
(4,12,”A”,”F”,”Anuj”,”2005-04-06",43),
(5,12,”A”,”F”,”Anoop”,”2005-06-06",75);
27. To display the entire content of table.
SELECT * FROM student;
Output:
studentid class section gender studentname dob marks
1 12 A M Anand 2006-06-06 56
2 12 B M Anish 2005-04-04 59
3 12 C M Anush 2005-05-04 49
4 12 A F Anuj 2005-04-06 43
5 12 B F Anoop 2005-06-06 75
28. To display Rno, Name and Marks of those students who scored more than 50.
SELECT studentid,studentname,marks FROM student WHERE marks>50;
Output:
studentid studentname marks
1 Anand 56
2 Anish 59
5 Anoop 75
29. To find the average of marks from the student table.
SELECT AVG(marks) as avgmarks FROM student;
Output:
avgmarks
56.4000
30.To find the number of students, who are from section ‘A’.
SELECT count(*) FROM student WHERE section = 'A';
Output:
count(*)
31.To display the information all the students, whose name starts with ‘AN’
(Examples: ANAND, ANISH,,..)
SELECT * FROM student WHERE studentname LIKE 'An%';
Output:
studentid class section gender studentname dob marks
1 12 A M Anand 2006-06-06 56
2 12 B M Anish 2005-04-04 59
3 12 C M Anush 2005-05-04 49
4 12 A F Anuj 2005-04-06 43
5 12 B F Anoop 2005-06-06 75
32. To display Rno, Name, DOB of those students who are born between ‘2005- 01-
01’ and ‘2005-12-31’.
SELECT studentid,studentname,dob FROM student3 WHERE dob BETWEEN
'2005-01-01' and '2005-12-31';
Output:
studentid studentname dob
2 Anish 2005-04-04
3 Anush 2005-05-04
4 Anuj 2005-04-06
5 Anoop 2005-06-06
33.To display Rno, Name, DOB, Marks, Email of male students in ascending order
of their names.
SELECT studentid,studentname,dob,marks FROM student WHERE gender = 'M'
ORDER BY studentname;
Output:
studentid studentname dob marks
1 Anand 2006-06-06 56
2 Anish 2005-04-04 59
3 Anush 2005-05-04 49
34.To display Rno, Gender, Name, DOB, Marks, Email in descending order of their
marks.
SELECT studentid,gender,studentname,dob,marks FROM student ORDER BY
marks DESC;
Output:
studentid gender studentname dob marks
5 F Anoop 2005-06-06 75
2 M Anish 2005-04-04 59
1 M Anand 2006-06-06 56
3 M Anush 2005-05-04 49
4 F Anuj 2005-04-06 43
35.To display the unique section available in the table.
SELECT DISTINCT(section) FROM student;
Output:
section
A
B
C
36.To display the sum and average marks of boys and girls separately.
SELECT SUM(marks) as summarks,AVG(marks) as avgmarks FROM student
GROUP BY gender;
Output:
gender summarks avgmarks
male 164 54.6667
female 118 59.0000
37.To find the minimum and maximum marks scored by boys and girls.
SELECT MIN(marks) as minmarks,MAX(marks) as maxmarks FROM student group
by gender;
Output:
gender minmarks maxmarks
male 49 59
female 43 75
38.Create a relation 'Competition' to store the details of the students who are
participating in school competitions. The attributes are Stud_id, Comp.
CREATE TABLE Competition (stud_id INT ,Comp VARCHAR(20), FOREIGN KEY
(stud_id) REFERENCES student (studentid));
39.Display the name and class of the students participating in Dance.
SELECT studentname,class from student,competition where comp=’dance’ and
stud_id=studentid
Output:
studentname class
Anand 12
Anuj 12
Anoop 12
40.Write a python program to accept the details of students as input and store it in
student table.
import mysql.connector
db = mysql.connector.connect(
host="localhost",
user="root",
passwd="root",
database="class")
mycursor=db.cursor()
n=int(input("number of students"))
for i in range(n):
sid=int(input("enter student id"))
cl=int(input("enter class"))
sn=input("enter name")
val=(Stud_ID,Class,studentname)
sql="INSERT INTO student (studentid,Class,studentname) VALUES({},{},’{}’)" .
format(sid,cl,sn)
mycursor.execute(sql)
db.commit()
print("inserted")
Input:
number of students3
enter student id1
enter class12
enter nameabc
enter student id2
enter class12
enter namedef
enter student id3
enter class12
enter nameghi
Output:
inserted
41.Write a python program to display the details of the students from student table
based on the user input.
import mysql.connector
db = mysql.connector.connect(
host="localhost",
user="root",
passwd="root",
database="class")
mycursor=db.cursor()
n=int(input("enter student id to find"))
mycursor.execute("SELECT * FROM class.student4 WHERE
studentid={})".format(n))
data=mycursor.fetchone()
print(data)
Input:
enter student id to find2
Output:
(2, Decimal('12'), 'def')
42. Write a python program to delete the record of a student by giving roll no as
input.
import mysql.connector
db = mysql.connector.connect(
host="localhost",
user="root",
passwd="root",
database="class")
mycursor=db.cursor()
n=int(input("enter student id to delete"))
sql="Delete from student where studentid={}".format(n)
mycursor.execute(sql)
db.commit()
print(“Record has been deleted”)
Input:
enter student id to find2
Output:
Record has been deleted
43. Write a python program to update the dob of a student.
import mysql.connector
db = mysql.connector.connect(
host="localhost",
user="root",
passwd="root",
database="class")
mycursor=db.cursor()
n=int(input("enter student id to update"))
db=input(“Enter the correct date of birth”)
sql="update student set dob=’{}’ where studentid={}".format(db,n)
mycursor.execute(sql)
db.commit()
print(“Record has been updated”)
Input:
enter student id to update 1
Enter the correct date of birth 2005-04-01
Output:
Record has been updated
