SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS (041) MAX.

MARKS : 80
CLASS : XII DURATION: 3 HRS
General Instructions:
1. This Question paper contains - five sections A, B, C, D and E. Each section is compulsory.
However, there are internal choices in some questions.
2. Section A has 18 MCQ’s and 02 Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.
3. Section B has 5 Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions of 2 marks each.
4. Section C has 6 Short Answer (SA)-type questions of 3 marks each.
5. Section D has 4 Long Answer (LA)-type questions of 5 marks each.
6. Section E has 3 source based/case based/passage based/integrated units of assessment (4
marks each) with sub parts.

SECTION – A
Questions 1 to 20 carry 1 mark each.

0 1 
1. If A =   , then A2023 is equal to:
0 0
0 1   0 2023 0 0  2023 0 
(a)   (b)  (c)  (d) 
0 0 0 0  
0 0  0 2023
0 0
Ans: (c)  
0 0

2. For any square matrix A, AAT is a

(a) unit matrix (b) symmetric matrix (c) skew-symmetric matrix (d) diagonal matrix
Ans: (b) symmetric matrix

d
3. If [f (x)] =ax +b and f(0) = 0, then f(x) is equal to:
dx
ax 2 ax 2
(a) a + b (b)  bx (c)  bx  c (d) b
2 2
ax 2
Ans: (b)  bx
2

 dy 
4. Degree of the differential equation sin x  cos    y 2 is:
 dx 
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) not defined (d) 0
Ans: (c) not defined

5. P is a point on the line joining the points (0,5, -2) and (3, -1,2) . If the x-coordinate of P is 6,
then its z-coordinate is
(a) 10 (b) 6 (c) -6 (d) -10
Ans: (b) 6

6. If the sum of numbers obtained on throwing a pair of dice is 9, then the probability that number
obtained on one of the dice is 4, is:

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 (a) 1/9 (b) 4/9 (c) 1/18 (d) 1/2
Ans: (d) 1/2

7. The value of
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Ans: (d)

8. If (a, b), (c, d) and (e, f) are the vertices of ∆ABC and ∆ denotes the area of ∆ABC, then
2
a c e
b d f is equal to:
1 1 1
(a) 2∆² (b) 4∆² (c) 2∆ (d) 4∆
Ans: (b) 4∆²
 x2  9
 ,x 3
9. If the function f(x) defined by f ( x)   x  3 is continuous at x = 3, then the value of k is
 k. x  3

(a) 6 (b) (c) -6 (d) 3
Ans: (a) 6

 x y  dy
10. If tan    k , then dx is equal to:
 x y 
y y  y  y
(a) (b) (c) sec2   (d)  sec 2  
x x x x
y
Ans: (b)
x
11. The corner points of the feasible region of a linear programming problem are (0, 4), (8, 0) and
 20 4 
 ,  . If Z = 30x + 24y is the objective function, then (maximum value of Z – minimum
 3 3
value of Z) is equal to:
(a) 144 (b) 96 (c) 120 (d) 136
Ans: (a) 144
dy
12. The integrating factor of the differential equation (1 – y²) + yx = ay, (– 1 <y < 1) is:
dx
1 1 1 1
(a) 2 (b) (c) 2
(d)
y 1 2
y 1 1 y 1  y2
1
Ans: (d)
1  y2
13. Projection of vector 2i  3 j on the vector 3i  2 j is:
12 12
(a) 0 (b) 12 (c) (d)
13 13
Ans: (a) 0

14. If = 60, = 40 and = 22 then =

(a) 36 (b) 22/60 (c) 46 (d) None of these
Ans: (c) 46

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15. The objective function Z = ax + by of an LPP has maximum value 42 at (4, 6) and minimum
value 19 at (3, 2). Which of the following is true ?
(a) a = 9,b = 1 (b) a = 5,b = 2 (c) a = 3,b = 5 (d) a = 5,b = 3
Ans: (c) a = 3,b = 5

16. The value of such that the vectors and = are orthogonal is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) (d) -
Ans: (d) -

17. If A is square matrix such that A2 = I , then (A - I)3 + (A + I)2 – 7A is equal to

(a) -A (b) I – A (c) I + A (d) 3A
Ans: (a) -A

 1 2 1
18. If  2 3 1 is non-singular matrix and a ∈ A, then the set A is:
 3 a 1
(a) IR (b) {0} (c) {4} (d) IR – {4}
Ans: (d) IR – {4}

ASSERTION-REASON BASED QUESTIONS

In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of Reason (R).
Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

x  2 y 1 z  2 x  3 y z 1
19. Assertion(A):   and   are coplanar.
2 3 1 3 2 2
Reason (R) : Let line passes through the point ( ) and parallel to the vector whose
direction ratios are Let line passes through the point ( ) and parallel to
the vector whose direction ratios are . Then both lines are coplanar if and
x2  x1 y2  y1 z2  z1
only if a1 b1 c1  0
a2 b2 c2
Ans: (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

20. Assertion (A): Maximum value of (cos–1 x)2 is π2.

   
Reason (R): Range of the principal value branch of cos–1 x is  , 
 2 2
Ans: (c) A is true but R is false.

SECTION – B
Questions 21 to 25 carry 2 marks each.

 3 
21. Evaluate: sin 1  sin 1 1
  cos (cos  )  tan (1)
 4 

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         
Ans:  sin 1  sin      sin 1  sin         tan 1  tan 
 4 4   4   4
 3    3
sin 1  sin 1 1
  cos (cos  )  tan (1)     
 4  4 4 2
OR
Let A = R- and B = R- . Consider the function f : A B defined by f(x) = . Is f is
one-one and onto? Justify your Answer.
Ans: A = R- and B = R-
function f : A B defined by f(x) =
x1  2 x2  2
Now, f ( x1 )  f ( x2 )  
x1  3 x2  3
 ( x2  3)( x1  2)  ( x2  2)( x1  3)
 x1 x2  3 x1  2 x2  6  x1 x2  3x2  2 x1  6
 3 x1  2 x2  3 x2  2 x1
  x1   x2  x1  x2
Hence, f(x) is one-one function.
x 2 x2
Let f ( x)  y  y ( x  3)  x  2  yx  3 y  x  2
x 3 x 3
3y  2
 x ( y  1)  3 y  2  x 
( y  1)
3y  2 3 y  2  2( y  1)
2
x2 y 1 y 1
 f ( x)   
x3 3y  2 3 y  2  3( y  1)
3
y 1 y 1
3y  2  2 y  2 3y  2 y
  y
3 y  2  3 y  3 2  3
f(x) is onto.
So f(x) is bijective and invertible

x y 1 z 1
22. Find the coordinates of points on line   which are at a distance of √11 units from
1 2 2
origin.
Ans: General point on the curve is P(k, 2k + 1, 2k − 1) , k ∈ R
OP = √11 ⇒ OP² = 11
∴ k² + (2k + 1)² + (2k + 1)² = 11 ⇒ k = ±1
∴ Coordinates of points are (1, 3, 1) & (-1, -1, -3)

23. If show that .

Ans: Let x  sin A; y  sin B  (1)
f ( x)  1  sin 2 A  1  sin 2 B  a(sin A  sin B)  cos A  cos B  a (sin A  sin B)
We know that [1  sin 2 A  cos2 A]
 AB
cos  
AB AB  2  a
 2 cos    a  2sin   
 2   2  AB
sin  
 2 

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 AB  cos  
 cot    a   cot  
 2   sin  
AB
  cot 1 a  sin 1 x  sin 1 y  2 cot 1 a
2
1 1 dy
  0
1  x2 1  y 2 dx
dy 1  y2
 
dx 1  x2
OR
The volume of a cube is increasing at the rate of 9 cubic cm per sec . How fast is the surface area
increasing when the length of an edge is 10 cm.
Ans: Let V and S be the volume and surface area of a cube of side x cm respectively.
dV
Given,  9 cm 3 / sec
dt
 ds 
We require  
 dt  x 10 cm
dv dx dx
Now, V  x 3   3x 2   9  3x 2 
dt dt dt
dx 9 3
  
dt 3x 2 x 2
Again, S  6 x 2  By formula for surface area of a cube
ds dx 3 36  ds  36
  12 x   12 x  2      3.6 cm 2 / sec
dt dt x x dt
  x 10 cm 10
24. A particle moves along the curve 3y = ax3 + 1 such that at a point with x-coordinate 1, y-
coordinate is changing twice as fast at x-coordinate. Find the value of a.
dy
Ans: Differentiating equation 3y = ax3 + 1 with respect to ‘x’, we get 3  3ax 2
dx
dy
Taking x = 1,  2,3(2)  3a (1)2  a  2
dx
    
25. If a, b and c are three non-zero unequal vectors such that a.b  a.c , then find the angle between
 
a and b .
      
Ans: a.b  a.c  a.b  a.c  0  a.(b  c)  0
      
 a  0; b  c or a  (b  c )
   
As, a  0; b  c
   
∴ the angle between a and b  c is
2

SECTION – C
Questions 26 to 31 carry 3 marks each.
 /4
26. (a) Evaluate  log(1  tan x)dx
0

Ans:

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 OR
3
x  x 1
Evaluate:  x2  1
dx
Ans:

log 3
1
27. Evaluate  dx
log 2
(e  e )(e x  e  x )
x x

Ans:

28. Find the general solution of the differential equation: (xy –x2)dy =y2 dx.
Ans:

It is a homogenous equation
∴ y = vx

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 OR
dy
Find the general solution of the differential equation: ( x 2  1)  2 xy  x 2  4
dx
Ans:

Equation is the linear form

∴ Integrating factor

∴ Solution of differential equation

29. Two balls are drawn at random one by one with replacement from an urn containing equal
number of red balls and green balls. Find the probability distribution of number of red balls.
Also, find the mean of the random variable.
Ans: X: Number of red balls out of the two balls drawn
X 0 1 2
1 1 1
P(X)
4 2 4
1 1 1 1 1
∴ Mean = 0.  1.  2.  0    1
4 2 4 2 2
OR
A and B throw a die alternately till one of them gets a '6' and wins the game. Find their
respective probabilities of wining, if A starts the game first.
1 5
Ans: P(getting a six) = ; P(not getting a six) =
6 6
1 1 1
2 4
1 5 1 5 1 6
P(A wins) =    .    .  .....  6  6  6 
6 6 6 6 6 25 36  25 11 11
1
36 36 36
6 5
P(B wins) = 1 – P(A wins)  1  
11 11

30. Solve the following Linear Programming Problem graphically:

Maximize: Z =
Subject to : 5
Ans: Plotting the constraints in graph

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 Corner points(0,0),(24,0),(8,20),and (0,25)
At(0,0) Z=0
At(0,25) Z=3000
At(24,0) Z=2400
At(8,20) Z=3200 (Maximum)
Maximum value of Z is Rs.3200 at point (8,20)

1  1  x  x2 
31. Find  e cot x
 2  dx
 1 x 
Ans:

SECTION – D
Questions 32 to 35 carry 5 marks each.

 1 1 0   2 2 4
32. Given A =  2 3 4 and B =  4 2 4 , verify that BA = 6I, how can we use the result
   
 0 1 2  2 1 5 
to find the values of x, y, z from given equations x – y = 3, 2x + 3y + 4z = 17, y + 2z = 7
 1 1 0   2 2 4
Ans: We have A = 2 3 4 and B =  4 2 4
 
   
 0 1 2  2 1 5 

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  1 1 0   2 2 4   2  4  0 220 4  4  0 
Now, AB   2 3 4  4 2 4    4  12  8 4  6  4 8  12  20 
    
 0 1 2  2 1 5   0  4  4 0  2  2 0  4  10 
6 0 0   1 0 0  2 2 4 
1 1
 0 6 0  6  0 1 0  AB  61  A 1  B
   A  4 2 4  1
    6 6 
0 0 6   0 0 1   2 1 5 
The given system of linear equations can be written in matrix form as AX = B, where
 1 1 0  x  3
A  2 3 4 , X  y , B  17   X  A 1 B
   
     
 0 1 2   z   7 
 2 2 4   3   2  3  2  17  4  7 
1 1
 X  4 2 4 17  X  4  3  2  17  4  7 
  
6   6 
 2 1 5   7   2  3  1 17  5  7 
x   2 
  y    1  x  2, y  1, z  4
   
 z   4 
OR
 cos   sin  0
If f ( )   sin  cos  0 , prove that f(α) .f(–β) = f(α – β)

 0 0 1 
 cos   sin  0  cos  sin  0
Ans: Given that f ( )   sin  cos  0  f (  )    sin 
 cos  0
  
 0 0 1   0 0 1 
 cos   sin  0  cos  sin  0
 f ( ). f (  )   sin  cos  0   sin  cos  0
  
 0 0 1   0 0 1 
 cos  cos   sin  sin  cos  sin   sin  cos  0
  sin  cos   cos  sin  sin  sin   cos  cos  0
 
 0 0 1 
 cos(   )  sin(   ) 0 
  sin(   ) cos(   ) 0   f (   )
 
 0 0 1 

33. Find the equation of the diagonals of the parallelogram PQRS whose vertices are P(4, 2, –6),
Q(5, –3, 1), R(12, 4, 5) and S(11, 9, –2) Use these equation to find the point of intersection of
diagonals.
x4 y2 z6
Ans: Equation of diagonal PR:  
8 2 11
x  5 y  3 z 1
Equation of diagonal QS:  
6 12 3

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 General points on PR & QS are (8k + 4,2k + 2,11k − 6) and (6t + 5,12t − 3,−3t + 1)
for real numbers ‘k’ and ‘t’ respectively.
For point of intersection of PR and QS: 8k + 4 = 6t + 5, 2k + 2 = 12t − 3
1 1
Solving, we get, k  , t 
2 2
 1
The point of intersection is  8, 3,  
 2
OR
x y z
A line l passes through point (–1, 3, –2) and is perpendicular to both the lines   and
1 2 3
x  2 y 1 z 1
  . Find the vector equation of the line l. Hence, obtain its distance from
3 2 5
origin.
Ans: Let direction ratios of the required line be a, b, c
Since it is perpendicular to the two given lines, a+ 2b + 3c = 0 ; −3a + 2b + 5c = 0
Solving together, a = 4k, b = −14k, c = 8k
x 1 y  3 z  2 x 1 y  3 z  2
Equation of line is:     
4k 14k 8k 2 7 4

    
Vector equation: r  i  3 j  2k   (2i  7 j  4k ) 
(i  3 j  2k )  (2i  7 j  4k ) | 2i  k ) 5 5
Distance from origin =    
| 2i  7 j  4k | | 2i  7 j  4k | 69 69
34. Using integration, find the area of region bounded by line y = 3x , the curve y = 4  x 2 and y-
axis in first quadrant.
Ans: Given equations are y = 3x and y = 4  x2

Squaring both side, we get x² + y² = 4

Intersection point of x² + y² = 4 and y = 3x
x² + 3x² = 4 ⇒ x = ± 1
Intersection point in I Quadrant is (1, √3)

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 x
35. Show that the function f : R→ {x  R : −1 < x <1} defined by f( x) = , x  R is one-one
1 | x |
and onto function.
x
Ans: It is given that f : R→ {x  R : −1 < x <1} defined by f( x) = ,xR
1 | x |
x y
Suppose, f(x) = f(y), where x, y  R  
1 | x | 1 | y |
It can be observed that if x is positive and y is negative, then we have
x y
  2 xy  x  y
1  x 1 y
Since, x is positive and y is negative, then x > y  x − y > 0

But, 2xy is negative. Then, 2xy ≠ x − y.

Thus, the case of x being positive and y being negative can be ruled out.
Under a similar argument, x being negative and y being positive can also be ruled out. Therefore,
x and y have to be either positive or negative.
x y
When x and y are both positive, we have f ( x)  f ( y)    x  xy  y  xy  x  y
1 x 1  y
x y
When x and y are both negative, we have f ( x)  f ( y)    x  xy  y  xy  x  y
1 x 1 y
Therefore, f is one-one. Now, let y  R such that −1 < y < 1.
y
If y is negative, then there exists x   R such that
1 y
 y  y
 
 y   1 y  1 y y
f ( x)  f     y
 1 y  1  y   y  1 y  y
1  
1 y  1 y 
y
If y is positive, then there exists x   R such that
1 y
 y  y
 
 y   1 y  1 y y
f ( x)  f     y
 1 y  1 y  y  1 y  y
1  
1 y 1 y 
Therefore, f is onto. Hence, f is one-one and onto.

SECTION – E(Case Study Based Questions)

Questions 36 to 38 carry 4 marks each.

36. Case-Study 1:
Engine displacement is the measure of the cylinder volume swept by all the pistons of a piston
engine. The piston moves inside the cylinder bore

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The cylinder bore in the form of circular cylinder open at the top is be made from a metal sheet
of area 75π cm2.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) If the radius of cylinder is r cm and height is h cm, then write the volume V of cylinder in
terms of radius r.
dV
(ii) Find
dr
(iii) (a) Find the radius of cylinder when its volume is maximum.
OR
(b) For maximum volume, h > r. State true or false and justify.
Ans: Area of bore = 75π cm²
75  r 2
⇒ 2πrh + πr² = 75π ⇒ 2rh + r² = 75 ⇒ h 
2r
2
 75  r  
(i) Vol. of cylinder = πr²h   r 2  3
  (75r  r )cm
3

 2r  2
dV 
(ii)  (75  3r 2 )
dr 2
dV 
(iii)  0  (75  3r 2 )  0  r  5
dr 2
2
d V 
 2   (6r )  0
dr  r 5 2
Hence, volume is maximum when r = 5
OR
(iii) False
dV 
 0  (75  3r 2 )  0  r  5
dr 2
2
d V 
 2   (6r )  0
dr  r 5 2
Hence, volume is maximum when r = 5

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 75  52 75  25
As volume is maximum at r = 5  h   5 h  r
2(5) 10

37. Case-Study 2:
The reliability of a COVID 19 test is specified as follows:
Of people having COVID 19, 90% of the test detect the disease but 10% go undetected.
Of people free of COVID 19, 99% of the test are judged COVID 19 negative but 1% are
diagnosed as showing COVID 19 positive.
From a large population of which only 0.1% have COVID 19, one person is selected at random,
given the COVID19 test, and the pathologist reports him/her as COVID 19 positive.

(i) What is the probability of the ‘person to be tested as COVID 19 positive’ given that ‘he is
actually having COVID 19’ and What is the probability of the ‘person to be tested as COVID 19
positive’ given that ‘he is actually not having COVID 19’?
(ii) What is the probability that the ‘person is actually not having COVID 19’?
(iii) What is the probability that the ‘person is actually having COVID 19’ given that ‘he is tested
as COVID 19 positive’?
OR
(iii) What is the probability that the ‘person selected will be diagnosed as COVID 19 positive’?
Ans: (i) Let E: the person selected is actually having COVID 19,
E : the person selected is not having COVID 19,
A: person’s COVID19 test is diagnosed as positive.
Clearly, probability of the ‘person to be tested as COVID 19 positive’ given that ‘he is actually
having COVID 19’,
P (A | E) =90% =0.9.
And probability of the ‘person to be tested as COVID 19 positive’ given that ‘he is not actually
having COVID 19’,
P(A | E )= 1% = 0.01
(ii) P(E) = 0.1% = 0.001
So, P( E ) = 1 – P(E) = 1 – 0.001 = 0.999
(iii) We have P(E) = 0.1% = 0.001, P( E ) = 1 – P(E) = 1 – 0.001 = 0.999
P(A|E) = 90% = 0.9 , P(A| E ) = 1% = 0.01
P ( A | E ) P( E )
By Bayes’ Theorem, P( E | A) 
P( A | E ) P( E )  P( A | E ) P( E )

OR
(iii) We have P(E) = 0.1% = 0.001, P( E )=1 – P(E) = 1 – 0.001 = 0.999

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 P(A|E) = 90% = 0.9 , P(A| E ) = 1% = 0.01
We have P ( A)  P ( A | E ) P ( E )  P ( A | E ) P ( E )
 P( A)  (0.9  0.001)  (0.01 0.999)  0.01089

38. Case-Study 3:
In a street two lamp posts are 600 feet apart. The light intensity at a distance d from the first
1000
(stronger) lamp post is , the light intensity at distance d from the second (weaker) lamp
d2
125
post is (in both cases the light intensity is inversely proportional to the square of the
d2
distance to the light source). The combined light intensity is the sum of the two light intensities
coming from both lamp posts.

Based on the above information, answer the following questions.

(i) If you are in between the lamp posts, at distance x feet from the stronger light, then find the
formula for the combined light intensity coming from both lamp posts as function of x
(ii) If I(x) denote the combined light intensity, then find the value of x for which I(x) is
minimum.
OR
(ii) Find the darkest spot between the two lights
Ans: (i) Since, the distance is x feet from the stronger light, therefore the distance from the
weaker light will be 600 – x.
1000 125
So, the combined light intensity from both lamp posts is given by 2

x (600  x)2
1000 125
(ii) We have, I ( x)  2 
x (600  x) 2
2000 250 6000 750
 I '( x)  3
 3
 I ''( x)  4 
x (600  x) x (600  x) 4
2000 250
For maxima/minima, I′(x) = 0 ⇒  3  3
 8(600  x)3  x3
x (600  x)
Taking cube root on both sides, we get, 2(600 – x) = x ⇒ 1200 = 3x ⇒ x = 400
Thus, I(x) is minimum when you are at 400 feet from the strong intensity lamp post.
OR
(ii) Since, I(x) is minimum when x = 400 feet, therefore the darkest spot between the two light is
at a distance of 400 feet from stronger lamp post, i.e., at a distance of 600 – 400 = 200 feet from
the weaker lamp post.

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