TERM 2 – JOURNAL WORK

IDENTIFICATION OF GASES:
(A) HYDROGEN:

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Take small pieces of

Bubbles of a colourless,
(i) zinc in a test tube. Add May be hydrogen.
odourless gas are evolved.
2-3 ml of dilute HCl.

Collect the gas in a test

tube with the help of a
delivery tube.
(ii) The gas burns with a pop
Introduce a burning The gas is hydrogen.
sound.
splinter into the test
tube.

Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2

(B) OXYGEN:

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

 Take potassium
nitrate in a hard glass  The salt melts and a
test tube and heat colourless gas is
strongly for some evolved.
(i) time.
 Introduce a glowing  The gas evolved
splinter into the test rekindles the glowing
tube. splinter. May be Oxygen.

1
 Pass the evolved gas
through alkaline
(ii) pyragallol solution. It turns brown. The gas is Oxygen.

2KNO3 2 KNO2 + O2

C) WATER VAPOUR:

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

 Blue crystals crumble to

white powder.
Heat the given salt and  Steamy vapour is The vapour evolved
(i) identify the vapour or evolved which may be water vapour.
gas evolved. condenses on the
cooler part of the test
tube.
Drop the colourless
The white residue turns
(ii) liquid on the white The liquid is water.
blue.
residue.

CuSO4 [White] + 5 H2O CuSO4 .5H2O

Turns blue cobalt chloride paper pink
CoCl2 [blue] + 2 H2O-CoCl2 .2H2O

D) AMMONIA:

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Take about 2 grams of
ammonium chloride and Clourless gas with a May be ammonia.
(i)
about 3 grams of calcium pungent odour is
hydroxide in a hard glass evolved.
test tube and heat gently.

Test the gas with moist The gas is ammonia.

Red litmus turns blue.
(ii) litmus paper.

2
 Pass the evolved gas
The pale blue ppt. is of
through copper sulphate Pale blue ppt. is formed.
(iii) copper hydroxide.
solution.
Bring a glass rod dipped The fumes are of
Dense white fumes are
in HCl on the way of the ammonium chloride and
(iv) formed.
gas. the gas is ammonia.

Ca(OH)2 + 2NH4Cl CaCl2 + 2NH3 + 2H2O

NH3 + HCl NH4Cl

CuSO4 + 2NH3 + 2H2O Cu(OH)2 + (NH4 )2 SO4

(E) CARBON DIOXIDE:

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Take calcium carbonate

in a dry test tube. Heat
A colourless gas is evolved May be carbon dioxide
(i) it strongly. Test the
which turns blue litmus red. gas.
evolved gas with litmus
paper.
Pass the evolved gas
through:  Lime water turns milky The gas evolved is
(ii)
 Lime water  No effect Carbon dioxide.
 KMnO4 solution

CaCO3 CaO + CO2

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 CaCO3 + H2O

F) Sulphur dioxide
Take zinc sulphite in a Colourless gas with a May be SO2
clean test tube and add pungent odour is
3
about
2-3 ml of dilute sulphuric evolved.
acid and heat.

Test the gas with moist

Blue litmus turns red. May be SO2
litmus paper.

Pass the evolved gas

through :  Lime water turns milky
 Lime water  Solution turns clear
 The gas is SO2
 Acidified K2Cr2O7 green
 The gas is Sulphur
solution  Solution turns clear
dioxide.
 Acidified KMnO4 colourless
solution

ZnSO3 + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2O + SO2

Ca(OH)2 + SO2 CaSO3 + H2O

2KMnO4 + 2H2O + 5SO2 K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4

K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 + 3SO2 K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + H2O

(G) HYDROGEN CHLORIDE:

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Take about one gram of Pungent smelling gas is

sodium chloride in a evolved.
(i)
hard glass test tube.
Add about
2-3 milliliters of
4
 conc.H2SO4 Warm
gently.

Test the evolved gas May be hydrogen

(ii) Blue litmus turns red.
with moist litmus paper. chloride.

Dip a glass rod in

ammonium hydroxide
Dense white fumes are Fumes are of
solution and bring it on
(iii) seen. ammonium chloride.
the way of the evolved
gas.
Pass the evolved gas
The evolved gas is
through silver nitrate Curdy white ppt. is formed.
(iv) hydrogen chloride.
solution.

NaCl + H2SO4 NaHSO4 + HCl

NH4OH + HCl NH4Cl + H2O

AgNO3 + HCl AgCl + HNO3

(H) CHLORINE:

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Take about one gram of Greenish yellow gas with

MnO2 in a hard glass pungent odour is evolved.
(i) May be chlorine gas
test tube.Heat with
Conc HCl
Test the evolved gas Blue litmus turns red and May be chlorine gas
5
(ii) with moist blue litmus
then bleached
paper.
Bring moist starch
The paper turns blue It is chlorine gas. The
iodide paper on the way
(iii) black.. evolved gas is chlorine.
of the evolved gas.

Cl2 + H2O  HCl + HOCl

HOCl-- HCl + [O](nascent)
Litmus +[O] Bleached product

Cl2 +2KI 2KCl +I2

AgNO3 + HCl AgCl + HNO3

I) HYDROGEN SULPHIDE:

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Add 5ml of dil. H2SO4

Gas with a smell of rotten Gas may be hydrogen
(i) to a pinch of the given
eggs is evolved. Sulphide.
salt.

Test the gas evolved The lead acetate paper The evolved gas is
with a lead acetate turns black. hydrogen Sulphide.
(ii)
6
 paper.

Na2 S+ H2SO4 Na2 SO4+H2S

(CH3COO)2 Pb + H2S 2CH3COO +PbS

J) NITROGEN DI OXIDE

EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

The salt’s colour changes

from white to yellow and
Heat the salt in a clean decrepitates and melts May be salt of
(i) and dried test tube. There is the evolution of lead.The evolved gas
reddish brown coloured is nitrogen dioxide.
gas on strong heating..

Bring moist litmus

paper near the mouth Moist blue litmus paper
of the test tube. The gas is acidic.
(ii) turns red.

iii) Bring potassium iodide The paper turns brown Gas is nitrogen dioxide.
paper near the mouth of
the test tube.

2Pb(NO3)2 2 PbO +O2 + 4NO2

2KI +2NO2-----------------2KNO2 +I2