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Integration Formulas

The document provides a comprehensive overview of various integration formulas, including the Power Rule, integration of rational, exponential, and trigonometric functions, as well as techniques like integration by parts and trigonometric substitution. It also covers reduction formulas, integration of logarithmic functions, and inverse trigonometric functions. Additionally, the document includes specific integral forms and their solutions, making it a valuable resource for understanding integration in calculus.

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akshita.dong
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
10 views

Integration Formulas

The document provides a comprehensive overview of various integration formulas, including the Power Rule, integration of rational, exponential, and trigonometric functions, as well as techniques like integration by parts and trigonometric substitution. It also covers reduction formulas, integration of logarithmic functions, and inverse trigonometric functions. Additionally, the document includes specific integral forms and their solutions, making it a valuable resource for understanding integration in calculus.

Uploaded by

akshita.dong
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Integration Formulas:

The Power Rule:


n+ 1
x
∫ a dx=ax +c ∫ x n dx= n+1 +C

1 n+1
∗( ax+ b)
a
∫ (ax +b)n dx= n+1
Rational Functions:
1 1 1
∫ x dx=ln x +C ∫ ax +b dx= a ln ¿ ax +b∨¿+C ¿
Exponential
Functions: 1
∫ e x dx=e x + C∫ e ax+b dx= a eax +b +C
bx+d
∫ abx +d dx= ba ln a +C
Trig Functions:
−cos ( ax+ b )
∫ sin x dx=−cos x+C ∫ sin ( ax +b ) dx= a
+C

sin (ax +b)


∫ cos x dx=sin x +C ∫ cos( ax+ b)dx = a
+C

∫ csc x cot x dx =−csc x+C ∫ sec x tan x dx =sec x+ C


∫ tan x dx =ln ¿ sec x|+ C=−ln ¿ cos x|+C
∫ cot x dx=ln ¿ sin x |+C=−ln ¿ csc x|+C
∫ sec x dx=ln|sec x +tan x|+C
∫ csc x dx=ln|csc x −cot x|+C
Integration By Parts:
∫ u dv =uv−∫ v du
∫ uv dw=uvw−∫ vw du−∫ uw dv
Integration By Parts:
“Related Formulas” e
ax
∫ e sin(bx )dx =
ax
2
a +b
2
[a sin bx−b cos bx ]+C

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ax
∫ e cos(bx )dx= a2e+b 2 [ a cos bx +b sin bx ] +C
ax

n +1 n+ 1
x x
∫ x n ln x dx= n+ 1
ln x−
( n+1 )2
+C n ≠1

1 n
∫ x n e ax dx= a x n e ax − a ∫ x n−1 eax dx
Trig Substitution:
∫ √a 2−u2 du= u2 √a 2−u2 + a2 sin−1 ( ua )+C
2

Trig: u=a sin θ du=a cos θ dθ

2
∫ √a +u du= u2 √ u2 +a2 + a2 ln|u+√ u2+ a2|+C
2 2

2
Trig: u=a tanθ du=a sec ( θ ) dθ

2
∫ √u2−a2 du= u2 √u2 −a2− a2 ln|u+√ u2−a2|+C
Trig: u=a secθ du=a sec θ tan θ dθ
Reduction Formulas:
1 1 1
∫ sin 2 ( x ) dx= 2 x− 4 sin ( 2 x ) +C= 2 ( x−sin x cos x ) +C
1 1 1
∫ cos 2 ( x ) dx= 2 x + 4 sin(2 x)+C= 2 ( x +sin x cos x )+C

∫ tan2 ( x ) dx=tan x−x +C ∫ cot2 ( x ) dx =−cot x−x +C


−1 n−1 n−1
∫ sin n ( x ) dx= n
sin ( x ) cos ( x )+
n
∫ sinn−2 ( x ) dx
1 n−1
∫ cos n ( x ) dx = n cos n−1 ( x ) sin (x)+ n
∫ n −2
cos ( x ) dx

1
∫ tann ( x ) dx = n−1 tann−1 ( x )−∫ tann−2 ( x ) dx n ≠1

Reduction Formulas:
−1
∫ cot n ( x ) dx= n−1 cotn−1 ( x )−∫ cotn−2 ( x ) dx n ≠1

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1 n−2
∫ secn ( x ) dx= n−1 secn−2 ( x ) tan(x )+ n−1 ∫ secn−2 ( x ) dx n ≠1

−1 n−2
∫ cscn ( x ) dx= n−1 cscn−2 ( x ) cot ( x ) + n−1 ∫ cscn−2 ( x ) dx n ≠ 1

Integration of Logs:
∫ logd (ax+ b)dx = ax+
a
b
log d |ax+e b|+C
Inverse Trig:
“Related Formulas”
∫ 2
1
a +u
2
1
du= tan−1
a
u
a
+C= ()
−1 −1 u
a
cot
a
+C ()

∫ 1
√ a −u
2 2
du=sin−1 ( ua )+ C=−cos ( ua )+C
−1

∫ 1
u √ u −a
2 2
1
du= sec −1
a
u
a
+C=()
−1 −1 u
a
csc
a
+C ()
Inverse Trig
Formulas: ∫ sin−1 ( u ) du=u sin−1 ( u ) +√ 1−u 2+C
∫ cos −1 ( u ) du=u cos−1 ( u )− √1−u 2+C
∫ tan−1 ( u ) du=u tan−1 ( u )−ln √1+u2 +C
∫ cot−1 (u ) du=u cot−1 ( u )+ ln √1+u2 +C
∫ sec−1 ( u ) du=u sec−1 ( u )−ln|u +√u 2−1|+C
∫ csc−1 ( u ) du=u csc−1 ( u ) + ln|u +√u 2−1|+C

Table of Integrals:
2 2
Form: u ± a
∫ 2
1
u −a2
1
du= ln
2a
u−a
u+a | |
+ C Note :|u−a|=¿ a−u∨¿

∫ 2
1
a −u
2
1
du= ln
2a
u+a
u−a | |
1
+ C= ln
a+u
2 a a−u
+C | |
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1
∫ du=ln |u+ √ u ±a |+C
2 2

√u ± a2 2

∫ √ u2 ± a 2
du=
− √ u2 ± a2
+ ln|u+ √ u2 ± a 2|+C
u2 u

2
u 1
∫ du= [ u √ u ± a ∓ a ln |u+ √ u ± a |] +C
2 2 2 2 2

√u ± a
2 2
2

∫ 1
du=∓ √ u2 ± a2 +C
u2 √ u 2 ± a2 a2 u

1 ±u
∫ du= +C
(u ± a )
2 2 3 /2
a2
√u 2 ± a2

()
2 2
∫ u2 2 du=−u √ 2 2 a
a −u + sin
−1 u
+C
√ a −u 2 2 a

1 −√ a2−u 2
∫ 2 2 2 du= +C
u √ a −u a2u

√ −√ a 2−u2
∫ a2−u 2
u
du=2
−sin−1
u ( ua )+C
Form: √ a+bu
u 2 bu−4 a
∫ √ a+bu du= 3b
2
√ a+ bu+C

1
∫ u √ a+bu du=
1
ln √
a+bu−√ a
√ a √ a+bu+ √a
+C a> 0
| |
∫ √ a+bu
u
du=2 √ a+ bu+a ∫
1
u √ a+bu
du

Form: 1/( a+bu)


u u a
∫ a+ bu du= b − b2 ln|a+bu|+ C

1
∫ u(a+bu) 1
du= ln
u
a a +bu
+C | |
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∫ 2
1
u (a+ bu)
b
du= 2 ln
a | |
a+ bu
u

1
au

2 2
∫ a+u bu du= 2b
1 2 a a
u − 2 u + 3 ln |a+bu|+C
b b

[ ]
2 2
u 1 a
∫ ( a+bu)2
du= 3
b
bu−
a+bu
−2 a ln |a+ bu| +C

Form: 1/( a+bu+ c u2 )


1
∫ a+ bu+c u 2 du=
2
√ 4 ac−b 2
tan
−1
(√ 2cu +b
4 ac−b 2 ) 2
+C if b < 4 ac

1
∫ a+ bu+c u 2 du=
1
ln
|
2 cu+b−√ b2−4 ac
√ b −4 ac 2 cu+b+ √b −4 ac
2 2
2
+C if b > 4 ac
|

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