ACADEMIC YEAR – 2024-2025

PROJECT REPORT ON :
SCHOOL
MANAGEMENT

ROLL NO. : 42

NAME : KRISHNANG PANDEY

CLASS : X1S1

SUBJECT : COMPUTER SCIENCE

SUBJECT CODE : 083

PROJECT GUIDE :
Ms. Pooja Bajaj

Sr. Computer Instructor

GMSSS-16, CHD
 CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that Krishnang Pandey , student of class
X2S1 (non-medical) , has successfully completed his
computer science project on “school management
system” under the guidance of Ms. Pooja Bajaj
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Ser Description of project in brief pg
1 Acknowledgement
2 Introduction
3 Objectives of project
4 Proposed System
5 System Development Life Cycle
6 Flow Chart
7 Source Code
8 Output
9 Testing
10 Hardware and Software Requirements
11 Bibliography
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I take this opportunity to express my sincere gratitude to everyone who has contributed to the
successful completion of my project on “School Management System” in the subject of
Computer Science.

First and foremost, I would like to extend my heartfelt thanks to Ms. Pooja Bajaj, my esteemed
guide and mentor, for her invaluable guidance, encouragement, and constructive feedback
throughout the course of this project. Her expertise and constant support were instrumental in
shaping this work.

I am also thankful to my school and the Computer Science department for providing me with the
resources and environment necessary to carry out this project effectively.

Finally, I express my gratitude to my family and friends, whose support and motivation have
been a source of strength throughout this journey.

Thank you all for your unwavering encouragement and assistance.

PROJECT ON SCHOOL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Introduction

The School Management System is a comprehensive software solution designed to streamline

and enhance the various administrative and academic functions of a school. In today’s fast-paced
world, managing the extensive operations of an educational institution manually can be
cumbersome and error-prone. This project aims to provide an efficient, user-friendly, and
systematic way to handle tasks such as student records management, attendance tracking,
timetable scheduling, fee collection, and teacher management.

This system leverages the power of computer science to reduce the workload of administrative
staff, ensure data accuracy, and improve overall efficiency. By integrating different
functionalities into a unified platform, the School Management System simplifies processes,
making them more transparent and accessible to users.

The project is developed using programming principles and database management concepts,
ensuring data integrity and ease of access. Through this system, administrators, teachers,
students, and parents can collaborate more effectively, fostering a more organized and productive
educational environment.

This project was undertaken under the esteemed guidance of Ms. Pooja Bajaj, whose insights
and expertise have been pivotal in its successful execution. The system demonstrates the
practical application of computer science concepts in addressing real-world problems,
showcasing how technology can revolutionize traditional practices.
OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

1. Efficient Student Data Management

To create a centralized system for storing and managing student information, including
personal details, academic records, attendance, and disciplinary data, ensuring easy
access and retrieval.
2. Streamlined Administrative Processes
To automate routine administrative tasks such as fee collection, timetable scheduling, and
report generation, reducing manual effort and minimizing errors.
3. Enhanced Communication and Collaboration
To facilitate seamless communication between teachers, students, parents, and
administrators by providing a platform for sharing updates, notices, and academic
progress reports.
4. Improved Attendance Monitoring
To implement an efficient attendance tracking system that allows for accurate record-
keeping and generates detailed attendance reports.
5. Data Security and Privacy
To ensure that all sensitive information is stored securely and is accessible only to
authorized users, protecting the privacy of students and staff.
6. User-Friendly Interface
To design an intuitive and interactive interface that makes it easy for all stakeholders to
navigate and utilize the system effectively, regardless of their technical expertise.
Proposed System
The proposed School Management System is a comprehensive and integrated software
application designed to streamline the administrative and academic operations of a school. It will
serve as a centralized platform for managing various tasks efficiently, replacing traditional
manual methods with automated processes.

Key Features of the Proposed System:

1. Student Information Management

The system will maintain detailed records of students, including personal information,
academic performance, attendance, and disciplinary actions.
2. Attendance Tracking
Teachers can easily mark attendance, and the system will generate real-time attendance
reports, reducing manual errors.
3. Fee Management
The system will manage fee records, generate invoices, send reminders for pending
payments, and track payment history.
4. Timetable and Scheduling
A dynamic timetable module will allow administrators to create, modify, and allocate
schedules for classes, exams, and extracurricular activities.
5. Teacher and Staff Management
Information about teachers and other staff, such as their roles, schedules, and salaries,
will be systematically managed.
6. Parent-Teacher Communication
The system will include a communication module to keep parents informed about their
child’s progress, attendance, and other school-related updates.
7. Reports Generation
Automated generation of various reports, such as academic performance, attendance, fee
collection, and more, will facilitate informed decision-making.
8. Secure Access
The system will implement role-based access controls to ensure that data is accessible
only to authorized users, maintaining privacy and security.

Benefits of the Proposed System:

 Reduces administrative workload and human errors.

 Enhances communication and transparency among stakeholders.
 Saves time and resources by automating repetitive tasks.
 Improves data accuracy and ensures secure storage of information.

By integrating these features into a single platform, the proposed system will improve the overall
efficiency and effectiveness of school management, creating a more organized and productive
educational environment.
System Development Life Cycle
(SDLC)
The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a structured process used to develop,
implement, and maintain information systems. It consists of a series of well-defined stages that
guide the development process from the initial concept to deployment and maintenance. The
SDLC ensures that the system meets user requirements and operates efficiently.

Stages of the SDLC

1. Planning
o In this phase, the project objectives, scope, feasibility, and requirements are identified.
o Stakeholders are involved in discussing the goals and constraints of the system.
o A project plan and timeline are developed.

2. System Analysis
o Detailed analysis of the current system (if applicable) is conducted to identify problems
or inefficiencies.
o User requirements are gathered, documented, and analyzed.
o The outcome is a clear specification of what the new system should achieve.

3. System Design
o Based on the requirements, a blueprint of the system is created.
o The design includes architecture, database structures, user interfaces, and system
workflows.
o Tools like flowcharts and ER diagrams are often used.

4. Implementation (or Development)

o Developers write the code to create the system based on the design specifications.
o Modules or components of the system are built, integrated, and tested at a basic level.
o Programming languages and tools suitable for the project are utilized.

5. Testing
o The system is rigorously tested to identify and fix bugs or defects.
o Functional, performance, security, and user acceptance testing are performed.
o The goal is to ensure the system meets the specified requirements and works efficiently.

6. Deployment
o The system is installed in the live environment and made operational.
o Training sessions may be provided to users, and data from the old system (if any) is
migrated to the new system.
o A deployment strategy (e.g., phased or full-scale) is chosen based on the project needs.

7. Maintenance
 o After deployment, the system is monitored for performance and reliability.
o Periodic updates, bug fixes, and enhancements are made to adapt to changing needs or
technologies.
o Feedback from users is considered to improve the system further

Analysis of the Project

The School Management System project aims to address the inefficiencies of traditional manual
methods in managing school operations. A detailed analysis of the existing system highlights
challenges such as time-consuming administrative tasks, errors in data handling, and limited
communication among stakeholders.

Through this project, we propose a centralized platform to streamline activities like student
record management, attendance tracking, fee processing, and report generation. The system will
automate repetitive tasks, improve data accuracy, and enhance communication between teachers,
students, and parents.

This analysis ensures that the system is user-friendly, secure, and scalable, meeting the dynamic
needs of schools while reducing administrative overhead. The solution aligns with modern
technological practices, making it a practical and effective approach to school management.

NEED FOR NEW SYSTEM

The implementation of a School Management System is essential due to the limitations and
inefficiencies of traditional manual methods in handling school operations. The following points
highlight the need for the new system:

1. Time Efficiency
Manual processes like maintaining student records, tracking attendance, and fee
management are time-consuming. The new system will automate these tasks, saving
valuable time for administrative staff and teachers.
2. Error Reduction
Manual data handling is prone to human errors, leading to inaccuracies in records and
reports. The automated system ensures data accuracy and reduces discrepancies.
3. Centralized Data Management
In traditional methods, information is often scattered across various registers and files.
The new system will centralize all data, making it easily accessible and manageable.
4. Enhanced Communication
Communication between teachers, parents, and students is often limited and inefficient.
 The system will provide a platform for seamless interaction, improving engagement and
collaboration.
5. Scalability and Flexibility
As schools grow, managing increasing amounts of data becomes challenging. The new
system will be scalable and flexible, accommodating the evolving needs of the institution.
6. Transparency and Accountability
The new system will offer transparent processes, such as fee payment tracking and
attendance monitoring, ensuring accountability for all stakeholders.
7. Better Decision-Making
With automated report generation and real-time data analysis, the system will provide
insights to help administrators and teachers make informed decisions.
8. Security and Privacy
The new system will ensure secure data storage and restricted access, protecting sensitive
information from unauthorized use.

The need for a School Management System arises from the growing demand for efficiency,
accuracy, and technological integration in educational institutions. This system will modernize
school operations, creating a more organized and productive learning environment.

IMPORTANCE OF NEW SYSTEM

SAVE TIME

HELP REDUCE DATA REDUNDANCY

EASY AND EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT

BETTER SEARCHING FEATURES

SAFE AND SECURE

IMPLEMENTATION

Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its simplicity and readability. It is
widely used for web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, scientific computing, automation,
and scripting. Python emphasizes code readability, which makes it easy to learn and understand. Python
supports object-oriented programming and has strong support for multiple programming paradigms,
such as procedural, functional, and object-oriented programming. It is also known for its powerful
ecosystem of libraries and frameworks, such as NumPy, Pandas, Matplotlib, TensorFlow, and Scikit-
learn, which facilitate data analysis, machine learning, and scientific research.

SQL (Structured Query Language) is a standard programming language used for managing
and manipulating relational databases. It allows users to interact with databases by performing
operations such as retrieving, inserting, updating, and deleting data. SQL is widely used for
querying databases and is essential for tasks in data management, application development, and
data analysis. SQL is fundamental to working with databases in web development, business analytics,
data science, and various other fields. Its declarative nature makes it efficient for managing and querying
large datasets.

MySQL-Python-Connector (often referred to as mysql-connector-python) is a Python library that

enables Python programs to connect to and interact with MySQL databases. It provides an interface for
executing SQL queries, retrieving data, and managing database operations directly from Python code.
Design of the Code for the School
Management System Project
The design of the School Management System code involves defining the structure, organizing
the logic, and choosing the appropriate components for handling different functionalities. Below
is an overview of how the code is structured and organized to meet the requirements of the
project, ensuring modularity, scalability, and ease of maintenance.

1. Code Structure and Organization

The project is divided into several modules or components, each handling a specific
functionality. The key modules can be:

1. Database Connection Module (db_connection.py)

2. Student Management Module (student_management.py)
3. Teacher Management Module (teacher_management.py)
4. Attendance Management Module (attendance_management.py)
5. Fee Management Module (fee_management.py)
6. Main Application Interface (main.py)

2. Database Connection Module

The database connection module is responsible for establishing a connection between the Python
application and the MySQL database. It handles the connection, cursor creation, and query
execution.
3. Student Management Module

This module is responsible for managing student data such as adding new students, updating
student records, and displaying student details. It interacts with the students table in the
database.
4. Teacher Management Module

Similar to the student module, this module handles operations for managing teacher data like
adding new teachers, viewing teacher details, and updating records. It communicates with the
teachers table.
5. Attendance Management Module

This module manages the attendance records of students, including marking attendance and
viewing attendance history. It works with the attendance table.
6. Fee Management Module

This module handles fee payment records. It includes functions to mark fee payments, view fee
statuses, and generate fee-related reports. It operates on the fees table.
7. Main Application Interface

The main.py file serves as the interface where users interact with the system. It presents a menu
and allows users to choose operations like adding students, viewing attendance, and generating
reports. Each option corresponds to a function from the above modules.
Design Principles Followed

 Modularity: Each module is designed to perform specific tasks related to a particular part of the
system, making the code reusable and easy to maintain.
 Separation of Concerns: Database operations are abstracted into a separate module, making it
easier to modify or upgrade the database connection logic without affecting other parts of the
system.
 User Interaction: The main.py file acts as the user interface where all the operations can be
accessed via a simple menu, ensuring a smooth interaction with the system.
 Error Handling: Basic error handling is implemented in each module to catch database
connection issues or query execution errors.
Maintenance
Subsystem integration, system, security, and user acceptance testing is conducted during the integration
and test phase. The user, with those responsible for quality assurance, validates that the functional
requirements, as defined in the functional requirements document, are satisfied by the developed or
modified system. OIT Security staff assess the system security and issue a security certification and
accreditation prior to installation/implementation.

Multiple levels of testing are pertableed, including:

> Testing at the development facility by the contractor and possibly supported by end users

> Testing as a deployed system with end users working together with contract personnel

Operational testing by the end user alone pertableing all functions. Requirements are traced throughout
testing a final Independent Verification & Validation evaluation is pertableed and all documentation is
reviewed and accepted prior to acceptance of the

system.
OPERATIONS AND MAINTENANCE
PHASE
The system operation is ongoing. The system is monitored for continued pertableance in accordance
with user requirements and needed system modifications are incorporated. Operations continue as long
as the system can be effectively adapted to respond to the organization's needs. When modifications or
changes are identified, the system may re enter the planning phase.

The purpose of this phase is to:

Operate, maintain, and enhance the system.

Certify that the system can process sensitive intableation.

Conduct periodic assessments of the system to ensure the functional requirements continue to be
satisfied.

Determine when the system needs to be modernized, replaced, or retired

TESTING
Software Testing is an empirical investigation conducted to provide stakeholders with intableation about
the quality of the product or service under test[1], with respect to the context in which it is intended to
operate. Software Testing also provides an objective, independent view of the software to allow the
business to appreciate and understand the risks at implementation of the software. Test techniques
include, but are not limited to, the process of executing a program or application with the intent of
finding software bugs.

It can also be stated as the process of validating and verifying that a software
program/application/product meets the business and technical requirements that guided its design and
development, so that it works as expected and can be implemented with the same characteristics.
Software Testing, depending on the testing method employed, can be implemented at any time in the
development process, however the most test effort is employed after the requirements have been
defined and coding process has been completed.

TESTING METHODS

Software testing methods are traditionally divided into black box testing and white box testing. These
two approaches are used to describe the point of view that a test engineer takes when designing test
cases.

BLACK BOX TESTING

Black box testing treats the software as a "black box," without any knowledge of internal
implementation. Black box testing methods include: equivalence partitioning, boundary value analysis,
all-pairs testing, fuzz testing, model-based testing, traceability matrix, exploratory testing and

specification-based testing.

SPECIFICATION-BASED TESTING

Specification-based testing aims to test the functionality of software according to the applicable
requirements.[16] Thus, the tester inputs data into, and only sees the output from, the test object. This
level of testing usually requires thorough test cases to be provided to the tester, who then can simply
verify that for a given input, the output value (or behaviour), either "is" or "is not" the same as the
expected value specified in the test case. Specification-based testing is necessary, but it is insufficient to
guard against certain risks

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

The black box tester has no "bonds" with the code, and a tester's perception is very simple: a code must
have bugs. Using the principle, "Ask and you shall receive," black box testers find bugs where
programmers don't. But, on the other hand, black box testing has been said to be "like a walk in a dark
labyrinth without a flashlight," because the tester doesn't know how the software being tested was
actually constructed.
That's why there are situations when (1) a black box tester writes many test cases to check something
that can be tested by only one test case, and/or (2) some parts of the back end are not tested at all.
Therefore, black box testing has the advantage of "an unaffiliated opinion," on the one hand, and the
disadvantage of "blind exploring," on the other.

WHITE BOX TESTING

White box testing, by contrast to black box testing, is when the tester has access to the internal data
structures and algorithms (and the code that implement these)

Types of white box testing:-

The following types of white box testing exist:

⚫ api testing - Testing of the application using Public and Private APIs.

⚫ Code coverage - creating tests to satisfy some criteria of code coverage.

For example, the test designer can create tests to cause all statements

in the program to be executed at least once.

⚫ fault injection methods.

⚫ mutation testing methods.

⚫ static testing - White box testing includes all static testing.

CODE COMPLETENESS EVALUATION

White box testing methods can also be used to evaluate the completeness of a test suite that was
created with black box testing methods. This allows the software team to examine parts of a system that
are rarely tested and ensures that the most important function points have been tested.

Two common tables of code coverage are:

Function Coverage: Which reports on functions executed

Statement Coverage: Which reports on the number of lines

executed to complete the test.

They both return coverage metric, measured as a percentage

FLOW CHART :

PYTHON-MY SQL CONNECTING

SOFTWARE LOGIN WITH USERNAME AND PASSWORD

ASK USER TO ENTER HIS CHOICE

YOUR NEED WILL BE FULFILLED IN PYTHON BY INTERACTING WITH MYSQL

AGAIN FIRST PAGE WILL BE OPENED TO FULFILL NEED OF THE USER

CODE
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS :

OPERATING SYSTEM : WINDOWS 10 OR ABOVE

PROCESSOR : PENTIUM OR AMD

ATHALON (3800+-4200+DUAL CORE)

RAM : 1024 MB +

HARD DISK : SATA 40 GB OR MORE

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

WINDOWS OS

PYTHON
BIBILOGRAPHY

Bibliography for the School Management System Project

1. MySQL Documentation
o MySQL Official Documentation, MySQL AB. Available at: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/
o Accessed on: December 2024.

2. Python Documentation
o Python Software Foundation. Python 3 Documentation. Available at:
https://docs.python.org/3/
o Accessed on: December 2024.

3. "Python for Data Analysis" by Wes McKinney

o McKinney, W. (2018). Python for Data Analysis: Data Wrangling with Pandas, NumPy,
and IPython. O'Reilly Media.

4. "Learning SQL" by Alan Beaulieu

o Beaulieu, A. (2009). Learning SQL: Master SQL Fundamentals. O'Reilly Media.

5. MySQL-Python-Connector
o MySQL Connector/Python Documentation. Available at:
https://dev.mysql.com/doc/connector-python/en/
o Accessed on: December 2024.

6. "Database System Concepts" by Abraham Silberschatz, Henry F. Korth, and S.

Sudarshan
o Silberschatz, A., Korth, H. F., & Sudarshan, S. (2011). Database System Concepts (6th
ed.). McGraw-Hill.

7. W3Schools – Python Tutorial

o W3Schools. Python Tutorial. Available at: https://www.w3schools.com/python/
o Accessed on: December 2024.

8. GeeksforGeeks – Python Programming

o GeeksforGeeks. Python Programming. Available at:
https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/python-programming-language/
o Accessed on: December 2024.

9. TutorialsPoint – SQL Tutorial

o TutorialsPoint. SQL Tutorial. Available at: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sql/
o Accessed on: December 2024.

10. Official Python Website

o Python Software Foundation. Available at: https://www.python.org/
o Accessed on: December 2024.
 PYTHON-MY SQL CONNECTING

SOFTWARE LOGIN WITH USERNAME AND PASSWORD

ASK USER TO ENTER HIS CHOICE

YOUR NEED WILL BE FULFILLED IN PYTHON BY INTERACTING WITH MYSQL