GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Program Name: Diploma in Engineering

Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics

w. e. f. Academic Year: 2024

Semester: 1or 2
Category of the Course: BSC

Prerequisite: 10+
Rationale: Physics is branch of science mainly deals with interaction of energy and matter
and considered as the mother of all engineering disciplines. Diploma engineers
(technologists) have to deal with various materials while using/ maintaining
machines. More over the basic knowledge of principles of physics helps diploma
students to lay foundations of core engineering courses. The laws and principles of
physics, formulae and knowledge of physical phenomena and physical properties
provides a means of estimating the behavior of things before we design and observe
them. This course of modern physics has been designed as per program
requirements to help students to study the relevant core engineering courses. The
complicated derivations have been avoided. This course will help the diploma
engineers to use/apply the basic concepts and principles of physics solve well
designed engineering problems and comprehend different technology based
applications.

Course Outcome:
After Completion of the Course, Student will able to:
No Course Outcomes RBT Level
Use relevant instruments with precision to measure the dimension of given R/U/A
01
physical quantities in various engineering situations.
Apply the concepts of electrostatics and capacitance for engineering R/U/A
02
applications.
R/U/A
03 Use the concept of waves and ultrasonic for various engineering applications.
Use the concepts of LASER and Fiber optics for various engineering R/U/A
04
applications.
R/U/A
05 Use the concepts of semiconductor devices for engineering applications.
*Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy (RBT)

Teaching and Examination Scheme:

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Diploma in Engineering
Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics
Total
Teaching Scheme Credits
Assessment Pattern and Marks
(in Hours) L+T+
(PR/2) Total
Marks
Theory Tutorial / Practical
L T PR C ESE PA / CA
PA/CA (I) ESE (V)
(E) (M)
3 0 2 4 70 30 20 30 150

Course Content:
Unit No. of % of
Content
No. Hours Weightage
Units and Measurements: 3.1 Measurement and units in
engineering and science
1.a Explain physical quantities 3.2 Physical quantities:
and their units. fundamental and derived
1.b Convert unit of a given quantities,
physical quantity in one 3.3 Systems of units: CGS,
system of units into another MKS and SI, Interco version
systems of units. of units MKS to CGS and
1.c Explain methods to measure vice versa, requirements of
the dimensions of given standard units and unit
1. object by using relevant systems, 7 19
instruments. 3.4 Principle, construction,
working, applications of
1.d Estimate errors in the
Vernier calipers and
measurement.
Micrometer screw gauge
1.e Apply the concept of least with their errors.
count, errors and significant 3.5 Accuracy, precision , error,
figures to solve the given estimation of errors:
problems. absolute error, relative error
,percentage error, rounding
off, significant digits
Electrostatics: 2.1 Charge & its unit,
quantization of electric
2.a Explain Coulomb’s inverse charge, conservation of
square law and apply it on
2. electric charge, charging by 8 19
system of charges. friction and induction,
2.b Explain an electric field, Coulomb’s law*
electric flux, and electric 2.2 Electric field, Electric field

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Diploma in Engineering
Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics
potential and potential Intensity (E=F/q), Electric
difference. field lines and its properties*
2.c Explain the concepts of a 2.3 Electric flux, Electric
capacitor, capacitance and potential V=W/q and
working of parallel plate potential difference* (No
capacitor. mathematical derivation),
Electric potential from
2.d Apply the concept of series electric field (V = End)
and parallel combination of 2.4 Capacitor and its
capacitors to solve problems capacitance (C=Q/V),
in electrical circuits. Working of parallel plate
𝐴∗
capacitor, formula 𝐶 = 𝜀0 𝑑
2.5 Equivalent capacitance of
capacitors in series and in
parallel combinations.
2.6 Effect of dielectric material
on the capacitance of
parallel plate
Waves and Ultrasonic: 3.1 Waves, wave motion and
types of waves: longitudinal
3.a Explain wave and wave and transverse waves
motion with example. 3.2 Frequency, periodic time,
3.b Explain frequency, periodic amplitude, wave length and
time, amplitude, wave length wave velocity and their
and wave velocity. relationship
3.c Distinguish between 3.3 Ultrasonic : Definitions of
longitudinal and transverse Audible sound, Infrasonic
waves. sound, Ultrasonic Sound,
3.d Explain ultrasonic waves, 3.4 Production of ultrasonic
3. production and their 9 14
Methods: Piezo electric &
properties Magnetostriction (Principle,
3.e List engineering and medical Diagram, Construction,
applications of ultrasonic Working, Advantages and
waves. Disadvantages),properties
of ultrasonic,
3.5 SONAR and NDT (flaw
detection) as an applications
of ultrasonic.
3.6 List applications of
ultrasonic waves in the field

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Diploma in Engineering
Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics
of engineering and medical
LASER and Fiber optics: 4.1 Refraction, Refractive index
4.a Apply Snell’s law to , Absolute Refractive index,
calculate refractive index of Relative Refractive index
given medium and Snell’s law
4.b Explain the phenomenon of 4.2 Total internal reflection,
total internal reflection critical angle and
4.c Explain LASER and it’s in necessary conditions for
engineering and medical total internal reflection
applications. 4.3 Application of total
4.d Explain construction and internal reflection in
working principle of step optical fiber
index and graded index 4.4 LASER*: characteristics of
optical fibers. LASER, differences between
4.e Comprehend engineering LASER and ordinary light
4. and medical applications of 4.5 List applications of LASER 9 22
optical fiber. in engineering and medical
field
4.6 Structure of Optical fiber,
light propagation through
optical fiber, acceptance
angle and numerical
aperture*(only formula)
4.7 Step index* and graded
index*
4.8 List applications of optical
fiber in engineering and
medical field
4.9 Advantages of optical fiber
over coaxial cable
Semiconductor devices: 5.1 Conductor, Semiconductor
5.a Apply the concept of energy and insulator in reference
band gap to classify to Energy band gap*
Conductor, Semiconductor 5.2 Intrinsic Semiconductors
5. and insulator 5.3 Extrinsic Semiconductors: 12 26
5.b Apply the concept impurity P & N type, electric
doping to the conduction in N-type and
semiconductors P-type semiconductor,
5.c Explain the P-N junction temperature dependence of

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Diploma in Engineering
Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics
diode and its characteristics conductivity of
5.d Apply the concept of PN semiconductor.
junction diode to the 5.4 P -N Junction formation,
rectifiers. Depletion Region
5.e Apply the concept of 5.5 P-N Junction diode,
reverse bias of Zener diode forward and reverse bias
to the voltage regulator. characteristics
5.f Explain LED, Photo Diode 5.6 Application of Junction
and Solar cell diode as rectifier: half
5.g Explain the logic Gates and wave, Full wave and
Boolean algebra. Bridge rectifier
5.7 Zener diode as a voltage
regulator
5.8 Principle, Construction,
working and applications
of LED, Photo diode, Solar
cell* (FF)
5.9 Logic gates and its types:
AND, OR, NOT, NAND,
NOR, XOR and XNOR,
De Morgan’s first and
second law, Boolean
Algebra and Truth table
Total 45 100

Suggested Specification Table with Marks (Theory):

Distribution of Theory Marks (in %)
R Level U Level A Level N Level E Level C Level
26 37 37 - - -
Where R: Remember; U: Understanding; A: Application, N: Analyze and E: Evaluate C: Create (as per
Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy)

References/Suggested Learning Resources:

(a) Books:
1. Physics by NCERT, ISBN 81-7450-631-4
2. SEARS and ZEMANSKY’S University Physics with modern Physics by Hugh D. Young & Roger
A. Freedman, Person Publication 14th Edition, USA, ISBN 10: 0-321-97361-5; ISBN 13: 978-0-
321-97361-0, (Student edition)

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Diploma in Engineering
Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics
3. Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics by John W. Jewett & Raymond A.
Serway, CENGAGE Learning, 2010, Boston, 10th edition, ISBN-10: 1337553298
4. University Physics (Volume I, II & III) (Open- source Material) by William Moebs, Samuel J.
Ling & Jeff Sanny, OPENSTAX, 2016, Houston, Texas ISBN-13: 1-947172-20-4
5. PHYSICS for SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS with Modern Physics by Douglas C. Giancoli,
Pearson, 2015, 7th edition, Delhi, ISBN-13: 978-1292057125
6. Fundamentals of Physics by David Halliday, Robert Greensick, Jearl Walker, 12th Edition, Willey
Publication, ISBN – 1119801141
7. The Physics in our Daily Lives by Umme Ammara, 1st edition, ISBN-10: 9388435214, ISBN-13:
978-9388435215
8. Physics in Daily Life With illustrations by JO HERMANS With illustrations by Wiebke
Drenckhan, EDP Science Publication, 2012, ISBN: 978-2-7598-0705-5
9. Introductory Physics: Building Models to Describe Our World (Open-Source Material) by Ryan
Martin, Emma Neary, Joshua Rinaldo & Olivia Woodman, Creative Commons license, 2019,
GitHub
10. Concept of Physics (volume I & II) by H.C. Verma, Bharati Bhavan Publishers, 2017, 1st edition,
New Delhi, ISSBN-13: 978- 8177091878
11. Introduction to Fiber optics by Ajoy Ghatak & K. Thyagarajan, Cambridge University Press India
Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, ISBN: 9780521577854
12. Semiconductor Physics and devices – Basic Principles by Donald A. Neamen, 4th edition,
McGraw Hill, SBN 978-0-07-352958-5
13. The Feynman Lectures on Physics - Vol. I, II & III, by Feynman Richard P., Pearson Education,
2012, ISBN-10 : 9332580952, ISBN-13 : 978-9332580954
14. Conceptual Physics by Paul G. Hewitt, Pearson Education, 12 edition, ISBN-10: 9352861779
ISBN-13: 978-9352861774.
(b) Open source software and website:
1. https://phet.colorado.edu/
2. https://www.iitm.ac.in/academics/learning-for-all/national-programme
3. https://www.khanacademy.org/
4. https://vlab.amrita.edu/
5. https://www.amrita.edu/project/online-labs/
6. https://www.vlab.co.in/
7. https://iitb.vlabs.co.in/
8. https://vlab.amrita.edu/
9. https://praxilabs.com/
10. https://www.compadre.org/osp/
11. https://www.instructables.com/
12. https://www.labster.com/simulation-courses
13. https://lab4u.co/en/home/
14. https://www.labxchange.org/

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Diploma in Engineering
Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics
15. https://virtuallabs.merlot.org/vl_physics.html
16. https://www.ncbionetwork.org/iet/labsafety/
17. https://www.thephysicsaviary.com/Physics/Programs/Labs/find.php
18. https://sites.google.com/view/thephysicsaviary/all-labs?authuser=0
19. https://sciencelessonsthatrock.com/secondary-science-virtual-labs-html/
20. https://www.mheducation.com/highered/virtual-labs.html#virtuallabs
21. https://roqed.com/product-physics/

Android/iOS Applications:
1. Physics Lab: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.civitas.quantumphysics&pli=1
2. Lab4u: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.lab4u.lab4physics
3. Phet: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=edu.colorado.phet.androidApp
4. Every Circuit: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.everycircuit.free
5. Logic Circuit Simulator Pro:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.duracodefactory.logiccircuitsimulatorpro
6. Micrometer screw:
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.priantos.micrometersimulator
7. Vernier Callipers: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.vernier.tavifom

Suggested Course Practical List: If any

Sr. Unit Approx.

Practical Outcomes (PrOs)
No. No. Hrs.
1 Use Vernier calipers to measure the dimensions of a given object. I 02
Use micrometer screw gauge to measure diameter of a given wire and
2 I 02
determine volume of a given metallic piece.
3 Study the series-parallel connections of resistors. II 02
4 Study parallel plate capacitor and its series-parallel combinations. II 02
Use ultrasonic interferometer to determine the velocity of ultrasonic waves in
5 III 02
different liquids.
6 Use electrical vibrator to find the frequency of AC mains. III 02
7 Determine the refractive index of given semi-circular glass block using TIR. IV 02
8 Determine the value of the numerical aperture (NA) of given optical fiber. IV 02
9 Study the I – V characteristics of PN junction diode. V 02
10 Use PN junction diode to determine the energy band gap of a semiconductor. V 02

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Diploma in Engineering
Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics

11 Determine the breakdown voltage of Zener diode in reverse bias. V 02

12 Use PN junction diode as a half wave, full wave and Bridge rectifier. V 02
13 Determine the Fill factor (FF) of given solar cell. V 02
Verify the truth table of logic gates OR, AND, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and
14 V 02
XNOR gates.

List of Laboratory/Learning Resources Required:

Sr. Equipment Name with Broad Specifications PrO.
No. No.
1 Vernier caliper analog - least count- 0.02 mm 1
2 Micrometer screw gauge analog (0-25 mm) – least count 0.01mm 2
3 Resistors, Digital Multimeter, DC Ameter, Power supply (0-5 V DC) 3
4 Parallel plate capacitor (variable plate distance and area), Digital capacitance meter, 4
capacitors of various capacities
5 Ultrasonic interferometer - gold plated quartz crystal, operating voltage
5
- 220 Volt, display - analog, frequency - 2MHz with position control
6 Electrical Vibrator, uniform cord, weight pan, weight box, pulley, meter scale,
6
sensitive balance
7 Semi-circular glass block, Laser light pen 7
8 Numerical aperture apparatus with optical fiber & LASER source. 8
9 PN Junction Diode Characteristics Apparatus 9
10 Energy band gap apparatus 10
11 Zener Diode Characteristics Apparatus 11
12 Diode Rectifier kit 12
13 Solar Cell kit 13
14 Logic Gate Trainer kit 14

Suggested Project List:

a) Measurement: Measure physical quantities using smart phone applications.
b) Arduino: Physical quantities such as Voltage, Magnetic field, Temperature, Light, Sound and
distance can be measured with the help of low-cost sensors and Arduino.

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Diploma in Engineering
Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics
c) Prepare proto type Vernier calipers of given least count.
d) Unit Systems: Charts/Models of conversion from MKS to CGS and vice versa.
e) Electroscope: To detect presence of static charges, to determine the nature of electric charges,
to compare the magnitudes of two different charges.
f) Coulomb's Torsion Balance: Conceptualize the relation of electrostatic force with distance and
charge.
g) Electrostatic pom-pom set: A cheap demonstrator for electrostatic force made up of a metal
rod mounted on an insulated plastic stand carries a round metal plate at its top and a fringe of
colored nylon cords. These can even be used as a make shift charge sensor as long as you
know the charge on one of your objects.
h) Paper Capacitor: Aluminum foil and tissue paper can be used to make cylindrical capacitor.
i) Variable capacitor: Two copper cylinders and plastic pipe can be used to make variable
capacitor.
j) Dry Field Mapping Kit: Easily visualize electric fields generated by electrodes of your own
design. Simply draw your electrodes, hook up a battery to generate the electric fields, and use
a Multimeter or voltmeter to map out the equipotential surfaces.
k) Domino model: A model showing fundamental idea about wave and how it travels.
l) Shive Wave Machine: For demonstration of Frequency, Wavelength, wave velocity.
m) Wave Generator: model for generating transverse wave.
n) Powell's Wave machine: For demonstration of Frequency, Wavelength, wave velocity
o) Chladni's Plates: A model which provides a nice way to visualize the effects of vibrations on
mechanical surfaces like flat sheet of metal mounted on a central stalk to a sturdy base. When
the plate is made to vibrate, set up form complex but symmetrical patterns over its surface.
p) Slinky: A nice way to demonstrate transverse and longitudinal waves.
q) Mirascope: to demonstrate the Holographic effect using simple concept of reflection.
r) Paraxial Ray Optics Cloaking: A combination of four converging lenses creates an illusional
3D cloaking effect.
s) Hartle's Optical Disk: To demonstrate refraction and total internal reflection using LASER
and 360° protractor.
t) Sugar and bending of light: prepare a solution of sugar and water to demonstrate bending of
light (using semiconductor LASER).
u) Fiber optics: prepare an optical fiber cable using transparent flexible plastic tube, laser and
water to demonstrate the property of optical fiber cable.
v) Semiconductor: Prepare the logic gate circuits.

*APPENDIX*
a. Application level based numerical should be given at the time of instruction and assessment in
each unit.
b. ‘Definition’ of units of fundamental physical quantities are only for information and not to be

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 GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Program Name: Diploma in Engineering
Level: Diploma
Course / Subject Code : DI01000061
Course / Subject Name : Modern Physics
asked in examination in any form.
c. Students can be introduced to system of units other than SI, MKS, CGS unit systems but not
to be asked in examinations.
d. Only scalar treatment is to be given to Coulomb’s law. (No Vector Treatment)
e. Properties of electric field lines are constrained to only dipole (two charge) system of charges
and must not be asked in exam.
f. Concept of Electric potential and potential difference requires no mathematical derivation. It
can be explained with formula, units and applications.
g. For LASER, Principle, Construction and working must not be asked in exam..
h. For optical fiber, mathematical derivation of Numerical aperture and acceptance angle must
not be asked in exam.
i. Types of Optical Fiber: Step index and Graded index (Only Single mode transmission)
j. Energy band Gap theory can be introduced only as tool to classify the conductors,
semiconductors and insulators with the help of conduction and valance band. Energy band
theory must not be asked in exams. Hybridization of orbitals must not be introduced.
k. For solar cell, the derivation of Fill factor is not required.
l. For logic gates, Karnaugh maps must not be asked in exam.

*******

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