JLPT SENSEI - N5 Grammar List

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# ぶんぽう Grammar Meaning

1 ちゃいけない cha ikenai / ja ikenai must not do (spoken Japanese)

2 だ・です da / desu to be (am, is, are, were, used to)

3 だけ dake only; just; as much as

4 だろう darou I think; it seems; probably; right?

5 で de in; at; on; by; with; via

6 でも demo but; however

7 でしょう deshou I think; it seems; probably; right?

8 どんな donna what kind of; what sort of

9 どうして doushite why; for what reason; how

10 どうやって douyatte how; in what way; by what means​

11 が ga subject marker; however; but

12 があります ga arimasu there is; is (non-living things)

13 がほしい ga hoshii to want something

14 がいます ga imasu there is; to be; is (living things)

15 ほうがいい hou ga ii had better; it'd be better to; should~

16 い-adjectives i-adjectives i-adjectives

17 一番 ichiban the most; the best

18 一緒に issho ni together

19 いつも itsumo always; usually; habitually

20 じゃない janai / dewa nai to not be (am not; is not; are not)

21 か ka question particle

22 か～か ka~ka or

23 から kara because; since; from

24 方 kata way of doing something; how to do

25 けど kedo but; however; although

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26 けれども keredo mo but; however; although

27 まだ mada still; not yet

28 まだ～ていません mada ~te imasen have not yet

29 まで made until ~; as far as ~; to (an extent)

30 前に mae ni before ~; in front of ~

31 ませんか masen ka would you; do you want to; shall we~

32 ましょう mashou let's ~; shall we ~

33 ましょうか mashouka shall I ~; used to offer help

34 も mo too; also; as well

35 もう mou already; anymore; again; other

36 な-adjectives na-adjectives na-adjectives

37 なあ naa confirmation; admiration, etc

38 ないで naide without doing~

39 ないでください naide kudasai please don't do

40 なくてもいい naku temo ii don't have to

41 なくちゃ nakucha must do; need to; gotta do

42 なくてはいけない nakute wa ikenai must do; need to do

43 なくてはならない nakute wa naranai must do; need to do

44 なる naru to become

45 んです ndesu to explain something; emphasis

46 ね ne isn't it? right? eh?

47 に ni destination particle; in; at; on; to

48 にいく ni iku go to do

49 にする ni suru to decide on

50 に/へ ni/e to (indicates direction / destination)

51 の no possessive particle

52 のです no desu to explain something; emphasis

53 のが下手 no ga heta to be bad at doing something

54 のが上手 no ga jouzu to be good at

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55 のが好き no ga suki to like doing something

no naka de [A] ga
56 の中で[A]が一番 out of this group, [A] is best
ichiban

57 ので node because of; given that; since

58 を o / wo object marker particle

59 をください o kudasai please give me~

60 しかし shikashi but; however

61 すぎる sugiru too much

62 たことがある ta koto ga aru to have done something before

63 たい tai want to do something

64 たり～たり tari~tari do such things as A and B

65 てある te aru is/has been done (resulting state)

66 ている te iru ongoing action or current state

67 てから te kara after doing~

68 てください te kudasai please do

69 てはいけない te wa ikenai must not; may not; cannot

70 てもいいです temo ii desu is OK to..; is alright to..; may I..?

71 と to and; with; as; connecting particle

72 とき toki when; at this time

73 とても totemo very; awfully; exceedingly​

74 つもり tsumori plan to ~; intend to ~

75 は wa - topic marker topic marker

76 は〜より・・・です wa ~yori... desu [A] is more ~ than [B]

77 はどうですか wa dou desu ka how about; how is

78 や ya and; or; connecting particle

79 よ yo you know; emphasis (ending particle)

80 より～ほうが yori ~hou ga [A] is more than [B]

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