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1. What's an API?

An interviewer may ask this question to see if you have the basic knowledge to
succeed in the field. Define what the acronym means and offer a brief description
of what it is.Example: “API stands for Application Programming Interface. It's a
type of software that allows two applications to communicate with each other and
share data or functionality. It consists of multiple elements, including subroutines,
that allow it to perform its expected tasks.”

2. What's a REST API?

An interviewer may want to see if you understand the different types of API. In
your response, you can state a few of its features and how RESTful services relate
to REST API.Example: “REST stands for Representational State Transfer. A REST
API is an API that adheres to the REST's design principles. All the data within a
REST API is a distinctive resource, and a unique uniform resource identifier (URI)
identifies each data point. RESTful web services are part of REST APIs, as they
abide by the REST architecture."

3. What are the benefits of RESTful web services?

A hiring manager may ask this question during an interview to determine if you
know the reasons for implementing RESTful web services. In your response, list a
few benefits.Example: "RESTful web services are easy to maintain, so they're
common among software engineers who build APIs for web-based applications.
They're lightweight, flexible and easy to scale in case a software engineer notices
developments that they want to make."

4. What HTTP request methods does REST support?

A hiring manager may ask this question to determine how well you understand
how to command actions within an API. In your response, you can list a couple that
REST supports and describe one that you use frequently.Example: "A few HTTP
request methods that REST supports include OPTIONS, HEAD, DELETE,
PUT, PATCH, POST and GET. One of the request methods I use most often is GET,
which lets me request data from a specific resource."
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5. What are the differences between the POST and PUT methods?
Your response to this question helps a hiring manager determine if you can
compare different types of HTTP request methods. In your response, define both
and explain their differences.Example: "The POST method lets you create a new
resource on a server and it's cacheable. Alternatively, the PUT method replaces
one resource with another at a specific URI."

6. What is CRUD as it relates to an API?

A hiring manager can use this question to determine if you understand the four
elements of functionality within an API. In your response, state what the acronym
means and its importance for developers.Example: "CRUD stands for create, read,
update and delete. It serves as a memorable acronym so developers can consider
and implement the four elements of a usable, functional application."

7. What's the difference between API and web services?

API and web services serve different functions. Your answer can convey that you
recognize when it's appropriate to use each. Consider listing the basic definition of
both as well as their key differences.Example: “A software engineer delivers web
services via the internet, and they have three styles of communication, which are
SOAP, REST and XML-RPC. They always require a network to operate.
Alternatively, APIs have multiple methods of communication. A network is
unnecessary for their operation.”

8, What's a potential challenge of API usage?

An interviewer may ask this question to determine if you're aware of the limits
that APIs can present. In your response, state a potential challenge concisely and
show your problem-solving skills by explaining how you'd overcome
it.Example: “One potential challenge of implementing APIs is that the provider can
establish usage limits. If a user reaches an established limit for an API, its system
and any other supporting processes can become useless. You can prevent this
potential issue by estimating your usage and budgeting for it appropriately."
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9. What are some styles for creating a web API?

This question can show your familiarity with working with API. In your answer,
include your preference or a story about a time when you used a specific
architectural style.Example: “Common Web API architectural styles are XML/JSON
as a formatting language, stateless communication, basic URI as the address for
the services and HTTP for communication between the client and server.
Personally, I prefer stateless communication over the other styles because it
allows the greatest degree of freedom when it comes to scalability."

10. What's API testing?

If an interviewer asks you this question, they may be looking to determine if you
can apply fundamental concepts into practice. Provide a clear definition as well as
some examples.Example: "API testing is a type of software testing that determines
if the developed APIs are functional, reliable, secure and perform as intended.
Some of the common API testing types are validation, security, UI, functional, load,
penetration and fuzz."

11. What are the advantages of API testing?

Describing the advantages of API testing can show that you've thought critically
about the role of a software engineer. Show the interviewer that you know how
and when to use it in your work.Example: “API testing gives access to the
application without needing a user interface. This allows you to detect minor
issues before they become big problems during graphical user interface (GUI)
testing. Also, API testing is typically less time-consuming than GUI testing because
it uses less code. As a result, it offers a more effective and efficient test coverage
with lower costs.Another benefit of API testing is that the data transfers using XML
or JSON. These modes of exchange are language-independent, allowing users to
select any coding language when choosing automation testing services.”

12. What's the procedure for performing API testing?

Show the interviewer the steps you would take when performing API testing. This
can highlight your ability to complete the entire process and help the hiring
manager know how much or how little training you may require.Example: “When
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performing API testing, you can first choose the suite where you'd like to add the
API case that you wish to test, then you choose the test development mode. After
that, you create test cases for the desired API methods, configure the control
parameters and test conditions of the application as well as the method of
validation. Then, you can perform the API test. Once the test is complete, you check
the test reports, filter and sequence all of the API test cases.”

13. What are some tools that software engineers use for API testing?
A hiring manager may want to assess your familiarity with specific tools. Review
the job description before the interview to see if you can mention having
experience with tools that the hiring organization uses.Example: “A few popular
tools are Katalon Studio, Postman, SoapUI Pro, Tricentis Tosca and Apigee.
Personally, I prefer SoapUI's interface because of its efficiency and user-friendly
setup. From my research, I noticed that this company primarily uses Katalon
Studio. I had some experience with it in my last role, but I'm eager to learn more
about it."

14. What kinds of bugs does API testing find most commonly?
Use this answer to show that you have more than just a theoretical knowledge of
API. Your experience working with this software can be just as valuable as the
technical training to a potential employer.Example: “I've often used API testing to
find several different issues, such as missing or duplicate functionality and
performance, stress, multi-threading, reliability and security issues. Unused flags
and inconsistent error handling are some of the other errors that API testing can
detect."

15. What's SOAP?

This is another question that an interviewer may ask to see if you have adequate
industry understanding. In your answer, state the definition of SOAP and explain
why you'd want to use it.Example: "SOAP, or Simple Object Access Protocol, is an
XML-based messaging protocol. It aids in the exchange of information between
computers. You can use a SOAP API to make, find, delete or update records. In
instances where there are more than 20 different calls, SOAP API can help conduct
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searches and manage passwords by adapting the protocol to whatever language

supports the relevant web services.”

16. What's the difference between SOAP and REST?

Comparing two similar concepts is an important critical thinking skill. Successfully
answering this question can show your interviewer that you can weigh several
options simultaneously. This is especially useful when
troubleshooting. Example: “SOAP and REST have several differences. SOAP is a
protocol through which two computers can communicate by sharing XML, while
REST is a service present in network-based software architecture. Additionally,
SOAP supports only XML format, while REST provides flexible implementation
and supports a lot of different data formats. SOAP is unable to support caching and
REST can.”

17. What's the difference between UI and API testing?

This question checks that you're familiar with the different types of software
testing. It also shows that you know when to use each.Example: “UI, or user
interface, testing focuses on examining the graphical interface of an application,
such as how the user can interact with its elements. API testing sets up a mode of
communication between two software systems, allowing them to share
subroutines and functions.”

18. What's input injection?

This is a rather fundamental aspect of API, so keep your answer concise. To remain
precise, try to plan your answer beforehand.Example: “Input injection refers to the
simulation of user input.”
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19. What are some ways that you can simulate user input?
You can choose from several ways to employ input injection, but just share a
couple of examples with your interviewer.Example: “You can accomplish input
injection by utilizing a robot, a device driver or low-level input, just to name a
couple.”

20. Explain API documentation

Documentation is key when performing API testing. Make sure that you
communicate the necessity of the process while describing it. This shows that you
understand all the required steps.Example: “Good API documentation is vital to
the process. It supplies a quick reference while working within a program. It
provides the plan and delivery layout. It also sources the content and details every
function within the system.”

The training content and delivery of this document is confidential, and cannot
be recorded, or copied and distributed to any third party, without the written
consent of TrainSmart Academy. We take legal action if this is circulated.