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FEB. 10 DISCUSSION

The document explains random variables and their probability distributions, distinguishing between discrete and continuous types. It describes the normal probability distribution, characterized by a bell-shaped curve where the mean, median, and mode coincide, and outlines the empirical rule regarding data distribution within standard deviations. Additionally, it introduces Z-scores as a measure of relative standing in relation to the mean and standard deviation.

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Ara Mae
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8 views3 pages

FEB. 10 DISCUSSION

The document explains random variables and their probability distributions, distinguishing between discrete and continuous types. It describes the normal probability distribution, characterized by a bell-shaped curve where the mean, median, and mode coincide, and outlines the empirical rule regarding data distribution within standard deviations. Additionally, it introduces Z-scores as a measure of relative standing in relation to the mean and standard deviation.

Uploaded by

Ara Mae
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

In our recent discussion you have learned about random variables and its
probability distributions; in determining the probability distribution we use
samples of discrete data to find their probability distribution.

2. Random variables have 2 types:

2.1 Discrete
- represents exact figures you can count, such as the numbers of students in a
class.
2.2 Continuous
- continuous data often includes measurable values representing a range of
information, such as the extent of the difference between the shortest and tallest
student in a class.
- Ex. mass, temperature, energy, speed, length

3. The process of determining the probability distribution of discrete random


variable is different from the process of continuous random variables.
4. So now, we are going to deal with the concept of normal probability distribution or
commonly known as normal curve.
5. In your JHS days you have learned about frequency distribution and how to
graph this kind of distribution, right? So, you also have learned that data can be
spread out.

Normal Probability Distribution


- A probability distribution of a random variables. It shows graphical
representations of random variables obtained through measurement such as the
height and weight of a students. It is sometimes called the “bell curve”. It is
used to describe the characteristics of population and help us visualize the
inferences we make about the population.

Characteristics of a Normal Curve

o The distribution curve is “bell-shaped”.


o The curve is symmetrical about its center. This means that, if we draw a
segment from the peak of the curve down to the horizontal axis, the segment
divides the normal curve into two equal parts or areas.
o The mean, median, and mode coincide at the center. This also means that in
a normal distribution, or a distribution described by a normal curve, the mean,
median and mode are equal.
o The width of the curve is determined by the standard deviation of the
distribution.
- If the curve of a distribution is too narrow it means the value of standard deviation
is small.
- But if the curve of a distribution is too wide it means the value of standard
deviation is large.
o The tails of the curve are plotted in both directions and flattened out indefinitely
along the horizontal axis. Always approaching the axis but never touching it. That
is, the curve is asymptotic (approaches to infinity) to the base line.
o The area under the curve is 1. Thus, it represents the probability or proportion
or the percentage associated with specific sets of measurement values.
ACTIVITY: FORM MY CURVE!
. Prepare a handy cardboard model of a normal curve.
. Use the cardboard model to sketch a normal curve. Leave marginal space at the tails.
. Check your sketch if it conforms to the properties of a normal probability distribution.

EMPIRICAL RULE

It tells you what percentage of your data falls within a certain number of standard
deviations from the mean.

1. 68% of the data falls within one standard deviation of the mean.
2. 95% of the data falls within two standard deviations of the mean.
3. 99.7% of the data falls within three standard deviations of the mean.

EXAMPLE 1: SKETCH ME! (Draw a Normal Distribution)


The height of SHS students is normally distributed with a mean of μ= 150 cm and a
standard deviation of σ= 10 cm. Sketch a normal curve that describes this distribution.

6. We already discussed how to get the probability of a discrete random variables


and we also learned the normal distribution and its characteristic. Let us also
learn how to relate the concept for this lesson which we will understand the Z-
SCORES.

Z-SCORE
- Is a measure of relative standing. It is calculated by subtracting X̄ (sample mean)
or μ (population mean) from the measurement X and then dividing the result by s
(sample standard deviation) or σ (standard deviation).
- Represents the distance between a given measurement X and the mean,
expressed in standard deviations.
- Its either locates X within a sample or within population.
- It was founD in a Z-TABLE.

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