BOX CULVERT DESIGN

Calculation for 3.35m x 3.35m RCC box culvert :

Inner Dimensions of Culvert = 3 m x 3 m
Span of culvert 3 m
Height of culvert 3 m 0.1 0.066667
Thickness of the Components 0.3 0.1 1/10 1/15
C/C distance of all components by
central line method = 3.3 m x 3.3 m
Effective dimensions of Culvert = 3.3 m x 3.3 m
Span of culvert 3.3 m
Dimensions of Haunch 0.3 0.1 1/10 1/15
Effective Length of Dispersion (L d)
Contact Length of Wheel along the
length of the road = 3.6 m
Thickness of wearing coat = 0.08 m
Thickness of slab = 0.3 m
Thickness of side walls = 0.3 m
Effective Length of Dispersion (Ld) = 4.36 m
Effective Width of Dispersion (B d)
Effective Span (l0) = 3.3 m
Effective Height (H0) = 3.3 m
a or x = 1.65 m
Contact Length of Wheel along the width
of the road = 0.85 m
b1 or bw = 1.01 m
Length of the carriageway(Including
Kerb) = 7.5 m
Width of the Footpath = 1 m
Width of the Slab (B or b) = 9.5 m
b/l0 = 2.878788
α = 2.6
Effective Width of Dispersion for a single
wheel (beff.) = 3.155 m beff. = αx{(1-(x/lo)}+bw
Inner space between wheels = 1.2 m
C/C distance between the wheels along
the width of the road = 2.05 m
Effective Width of Dispersion (B d) = 5.205 m
Culvert is designed for Class “AA” loading as per IRC standards for road with 10 m width and above.
For the Span of 4.36m Load from Vehicle
is = 700 kN 4.36
As the Span is 3.3m Load from Vehicle
should be = 529.8165 kN 3.3
Super imposed load(assuming 2 tyres) = 350 kN
Soil above the culvert (SDL) = 14 kN/m2
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
SBC at 1.5m depth = 150 kN/m2
Density of Soil = 18 kN/m3
Angle of Repose (Ø) = 28 deg
Unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3
Impact Factor = 25%
Intensity of live load on the span = 38.55679 kN/m2
Assumed thickness of slab as = 300 mm

Weight of top slab (W1) = 7.5 kN/m2

Additional Soil Load on the Culvert (W 2) = 14 kN/m2

Page 1
Live load
Intensity of live load on the span due to
the vehicle movement (W 3) = 38.55679 kN/m2

Total weight on top slab (W) = 60.05679 kN/m2

Weight of one vertical wall (W 4) = 7.5 kN/m2

Weight of Bottom slab (W 5) = 7.5 kN/m2
Surcharge = 0 kN/m2
Considering one metre run of culvert, Pressure intensity on the base slab

= 82.55679 kN/m2

Loading diagram

Weight of bottom slab will be directly counteracted by the corresponding ground reaction.
At any depth (h) from top slab, lateral pressure intensity (p)

p = {W1 x [1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)] + 18000 h{1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)]}

At level at top slab (h) = 0m

p = 24.38676 kN/m2

At level at bottom (h) = 3.3 m

p = 45.82907 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

24.387 60.057 24.387
A E B

3.3

F 3.3 G

D E C
45.8291 82.557 45.829
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Page 2
Since the loading is symmetrical WRT the Vertical axis as shown above, it s enough to consider half frame (AEFD) for
analysis.
As all the members are with uniform thickness and have the same dimensions their moment of inertias are equal.
In the above considered section, E & I are same for all members because material and cross sectional dimensions are
Considering one metre run of the culvert and each member as a separate fixed member, Fixed end moments are:
Distribution Factors
For the members where full length is considered for analysis take K = 1/L (i.e, AD or BC)
For the members where full length is considered for analysis take K = 1/2L (i.e, AE or DF)
K = 1
K = 0.5
Effective Span (L0) = 3.3 m

Relative stiffness Distribution Factor

S.No Joint Member ΣK
values (K) (D.F) = K/ΣK
AE 0.16 0.34
1 A 0.47
AD 0.31 0.66
DA 0.31 0.66
2 D 0.47
DF 0.16 0.34

Fixed End Moments (At Ends)

M F AB = -54.50 kN-m
M F DC = 74.92 kN-m
M F AD = 29.91 kN-m
M F DA = -33.81 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-I

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.34 0.66 0.66 0.34
FEM -54.50 29.91 -33.81 74.92
BALANCE 8.360 16.227 -27.135 -13.979
Carry Over -13.568 8.114
BALANCE 4.613 8.955 -5.355 -2.759
Carry Over -2.678 4.477
BALANCE 0.910 1.767 -2.955 -1.522
Carry Over -1.478 0.884
BALANCE 0.502 0.975 -0.583 -0.300
Carry Over -0.292 0.488
BALANCE 0.099 0.192 -0.322 -0.166
Carry Over -0.161 0.096
BALANCE 0.055 0.106 -0.064 -0.033
Carry Over -0.032 0.053
BALANCE 0.011 0.021 -0.035 -0.018
Carry Over -0.018 0.010
BALANCE 0.006 0.012 -0.007 -0.004
Carry Over -0.003 0.006
BALANCE 0.001 0.002 -0.004 -0.002
Carry Over -0.002 0.001
BALANCE 0.001 0.001 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -39.944 39.944 -56.137 56.137
0.0 0.0

Page 3
Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)
39.944 39.944
A E B

G H

D F C
56.137 56.137

B.M @ E = 41.81 kN-m

B.M @ F = 56.24 kN-m
B.M @ G = 0.25 kN-m

Shear Forces (At Supports)

RA & R B = 99.0937 KN
RC & RD = 136.2187 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -47.1242 KN
HD = -68.7319 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-I Top Slab 41.81 39.94 -47.12 (C) -ve represents Compression
Case-I Bottom Slab 56.24 56.14 -68.73 (C)
Case-I Side Walls 0.25 56.14 136.22

Case:2
Density of Water = 10 kN/m3
level at top of wall (h) = 0 m
level at Bottom of wall (h) = 3.3 m
Intensity of water pressure at A = 0 kN/m2
Intensity of water pressure at D = 33 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

24.387 60.057 24.387
A E B

3.3

F 3.3 G

D E C
45.8291 33 82.557 33 45.829
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Page 4
Fixed End Moments (At Ends)
M F AB = -54.50 kN-m
M F DC = 74.92 kN-m
M F AD = 17.94 kN-m
M F DA = -15.84 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-II

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.34 0.66 0.66 0.34
FEM -54.50 17.94 -15.84 74.92
BALANCE 12.432 24.134 -38.994 -20.088
Carry Over -19.497 12.067
BALANCE 6.629 12.868 -7.964 -4.103
Carry Over -3.982 6.434
BALANCE 1.354 2.628 -4.246 -2.188
Carry Over -2.123 1.314
BALANCE 0.722 1.401 -0.867 -0.447
Carry Over -0.434 0.701
BALANCE 0.147 0.286 -0.462 -0.238
Carry Over -0.231 0.143
BALANCE 0.079 0.153 -0.094 -0.049
Carry Over -0.047 0.076
BALANCE 0.016 0.031 -0.050 -0.026
Carry Over -0.025 0.016
BALANCE 0.009 0.017 -0.010 -0.005
Carry Over -0.005 0.008
BALANCE 0.002 0.003 -0.005 -0.003
Carry Over -0.003 0.002
BALANCE 0.001 0.002 -0.001 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -33.111 33.111 -47.773 47.773
0.0 0.0

Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)

33.111 33.111
A E B

G H

D F C
47.773 47.773

B.M @ E = 48.64 kN-m

B.M @ F = 64.61 kN-m
B.M @ G = 15.11 kN-m

Page 5
Shear Forces (At Supports)
RA & R B = 99.0937 KN
RC & RD = 136.2187 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -29.4382 KN
HD = -31.9679 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-II Top Slab 48.64 33.11 -29.44 (C)
Case-II Bottom Slab 64.61 47.77 -31.97 (C)
Case-II Side Walls 15.11 47.77 136.22

Case:3
Lateral Pressure owing to Dead Load (D.L
+ S.D.L) = 29 kN/m3
At level at top slab (h) = 0m
Lateral Pressure at Top (p) = 10.46847 kN/m2
At level at bottom (h) = 3.3 m
p = 31.91078 kN/m2
Density of Water = 10 kN/m3
level at top of wall (h) = 0 m
level at Bottom of wall (h) = 3.3 m
Intensity of water pressure at A = 0 kN/m2
Intensity of water pressure at D = 33 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

10.468 60.057 10.468

A E B

3.3

F 3.3 G

D E C
31.9108 33 82.557 33 31.911
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Fixed End Moments (At Ends)

M F AB = -54.50 kN-m
M F DC = 74.92 kN-m
M F AD = 5.30 kN-m
M F DA = -3.21 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-III

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33
FEM -54.50 5.30 -3.21 74.92
BALANCE 16.235 32.962 -48.048 -23.665
Carry Over -24.024 16.481
BALANCE 8.168 15.856 -10.877 -5.604
Carry Over -5.439 7.928
BALANCE 1.849 3.590 -5.232 -2.695
Carry Over -2.616 1.795
BALANCE 0.890 1.727 -1.185 -0.610
Carry Over -0.592 0.863

Page 6
BALANCE 0.201 0.391 -0.570 -0.294
Carry Over -0.285 0.195
BALANCE 0.097 0.188 -0.129 -0.066
Carry Over -0.064 0.094
BALANCE 0.022 0.043 -0.062 -0.032
Carry Over -0.031 0.021
BALANCE 0.011 0.020 -0.014 -0.007
Carry Over -0.007 0.010
BALANCE 0.002 0.005 -0.007 -0.003
Carry Over -0.003 0.002
BALANCE 0.001 0.002 -0.002 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.001 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -27.025 27.025 -41.942 41.942
0.0 0.0

Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)

27.025 27.025
A E B

G H

D F C
41.942 41.942

B.M @ E = 54.73 kN-m

B.M @ F = 70.44 kN-m
B.M @ G = 28.10 kN-m

Shear Forces (At Supports)

RA & R B = 99.0937 KN
RC & RD = 136.2187 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -6.39607 KN
HD = -9.0797 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-III Top Slab 54.73 27.03 -6.40 (C)
Case-III Bottom Slab 70.44 41.94 -9.08 (C)
Case-III Side Walls 28.10 41.94 136.22

Max. Max.
B.M at B. M at Direct
Component B.M at B.M at
Load Case centre ends Force
Name centre ends (kN-
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
(kN-m) m)
Case-I Top Slab 41.8087 39.9436 -47.124 (C) 70.44 56.14
Case-II Top Slab 48.64176 33.1105 -29.438 (C)
Case-III Top Slab 54.72727 27.025 -6.3961 (C)
Case-I Bottom Slab 56.24297 56.1375 -68.732 (C)

Page 7
Case-II Bottom Slab 64.60715 47.7733 -31.968 (C)
Case-III Bottom Slab 70.4387 41.9417 -9.0797 (C)
Case-I Side Walls 0.249874 56.1375 136.219
Case-II Side Walls 15.11188 47.7733 136.219
Case-III Side Walls 28.09963 41.9417 136.219

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN METHODOLOGY:

The RCC box culvert will be designed as per the guidance provided in the civil technical specification. Earth pressure for
all under ground water storage structure shall be taken as at rest. In addition to earth pressure the vehicular traffic load
as per the IRC specification of Class "AA" is taken into account. Manual load calculations are made and analysed using
the software STAAD pro for the loadings, bending moments and shear forces and design/detail shall be made as per the
manual calculation
Design of Components
Top Slab
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 54.73 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.3 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.016 m 16 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.048 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 252 mm
Design Constants:
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 227.5053 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 998.0317 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 16 mm
Spacing = 201.4846 mm 201.5
No. of bars (per meter length) = 5 nos
Provide 16 mm Ø bars @ 201.5 mm C/C
Provide 16mm Ø bars @201.5mm C/C
Provide these bars as bent alternatively near supports.
Distance for the crank from support = 830 mm
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 600 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 300 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 167.5733 mm 167
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 167 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @167mm C/C
Additional Reinforcement at supports:
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 39.94 kN-m
Ast, Reqd. = 728.4299 mm2
Actual main steel provided upto the
middle of the section = 502.72 mm2
Provide the balance steel wrt ends and
middle steel already provided = 225.7099 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 222.7284 mm 223 300
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 300 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @300mm C/C

Page 8
Provide the additional reinforcement in the form of U-shape upto a distance of L/4 or L/5 from the either ends,along
with the main bar provision.

Bottom Slab
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 70.44 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.3 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.02 m 20 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.05 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 250 mm
Design Constants:
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 258.1043 mm Increase the Depth of Section
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 1294.829 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 20 mm
Spacing = 242.6575 mm 242.7
No. of bars (per meter length) = 5 nos
Provide 20 mm Ø bars @ 242.7 mm C/C
Provide 20mm Ø bars @242.7mm C/C
Provide these bars as bent alternatively near supports.
Distance for the crank from support = 800 mm
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 600 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 300 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 167.5733 mm 167
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 167 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @167mm C/C
Additional Reinforcement at supports:
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 56.14 kN-m
Ast, Reqd. = 1031.939 mm2
Actual main steel provided upto the
middle of the section = 785.5 mm2
Provide the balance steel wrt ends and
middle steel already provided = 246.4385 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 203.9941 mm 204 300
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 300 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @300mm C/C
Provide the additional reinforcement in the form of U-shape upto a distance of L/4 or L/5 from the either ends,along
with the main bar provision.

Side wall Slab

Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 56.14 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.3 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.02 m 20 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.05 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 250 mm
Design Constants:

Page 9
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 230.4178 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 1031.939 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 20 mm
Spacing = 304.4755 mm 304.5
No. of bars (per meter length) = 4 nos
Provide 20 mm Ø bars @ 304.5 mm C/C
Provide 20mm Ø bars @304.5mm C/C
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 600 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 300 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 167.5733 mm 167
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 167 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @167mm C/C

Page 10
 BOX CULVERT DESIGN

Calculation for 3.35m x 3.35m RCC box culvert :

Inner Dimensions of Culvert = 3 m x 3 m
Span of culvert 3 m
Height of culvert 3 m 0.1 0.066667
Thickness of the Components 0.35 0.1 1/10 1/15
C/C distance of all components by
central line method = 3.35 m x 3.35 m
Effective dimensions of Culvert = 3.35 m x 3.35 m
Span of culvert 3.35 m
Dimensions of Haunch 0.35 0.1 1/10 1/15
Effective Length of Dispersion (L d)
Contact Length of Wheel along the
length of the road = 3.6 m
Thickness of wearing coat = 0.08 m
Thickness of slab = 0.35 m
Thickness of side walls = 0.35 m
Effective Length of Dispersion (Ld) = 4.46 m
Effective Width of Dispersion (B d)
Effective Span (l0) = 3.35 m
Effective Height (H0) = 3.35 m
a or x = 1.675 m
Contact Length of Wheel along the width
of the road = 0.85 m
b1 or bw = 1.01 m
Length of the carriageway(Including
Kerb) = 7.5 m
Width of the Footpath = 1 m
Width of the Slab (B or b) = 9.5 m
b/l0 = 2.835821
α = 2.6
Effective Width of Dispersion for a single
wheel (beff.) = 3.1875 m beff. = αx{(1-(x/lo)}+bw
Inner space between wheels = 1.2 m
C/C distance between the wheels along
the width of the road = 2.05 m
Effective Width of Dispersion (B d) = 5.2375 m
Culvert is designed for Class “AA” loading as per IRC standards for road with 10 m width and above.
For the Span of 4.36m Load from Vehicle
is = 700 kN 4.46
As the Span is 3.3m Load from Vehicle
should be = 525.7848 kN 3.35
Super imposed load(assuming 2 tyres) = 350 kN
Soil above the culvert (SDL) = 14 kN/m2
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
SBC at 1.5m depth = 150 kN/m2
Density of Soil = 18 kN/m3
Angle of Repose (Ø) = 28 deg
Unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3
Impact Factor = 25%
Intensity of live load on the span = 37.45839 kN/m2
Assumed thickness of slab as = 350 mm

Weight of top slab (W1) = 8.75 kN/m2

Additional Soil Load on the Culvert (W 2) = 14 kN/m2

Page 11
Live load
Intensity of live load on the span due to
the vehicle movement (W 3) = 37.45839 kN/m2

Total weight on top slab (W) = 60.20839 kN/m2

Weight of one vertical wall (W 4) = 8.75 kN/m2

Weight of Bottom slab (W 5) = 8.75 kN/m2
Surcharge = 0 kN/m2
Considering one metre run of culvert, Pressure intensity on the base slab

= 86.45839 kN/m2

Loading diagram

Weight of bottom slab will be directly counteracted by the corresponding ground reaction.
At any depth (h) from top slab, lateral pressure intensity (p)

p = {W1 x [1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)] + 18000 h{1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)]}

At level at top slab (h) = 0m

p = 21.73413 kN/m2

At level at bottom (h) = 3.35 m

p = 43.50132 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

21.734 60.208 21.734
A E B

3.35

F 3.35 G

D E C
43.5013 86.458 43.501
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Page 12
Since the loading is symmetrical WRT the Vertical axis as shown above, it s enough to consider half frame (AEFD) for
analysis.
As all the members are with uniform thickness and have the same dimensions their moment of inertias are equal.
In the above considered section, E & I are same for all members because material and cross sectional dimensions are
Considering one metre run of the culvert and each member as a separate fixed member, Fixed end moments are:
Distribution Factors
For the members where full length is considered for analysis take K = 1/L (i.e, AD or BC)
For the members where full length is considered for analysis take K = 1/2L (i.e, AE or DF)
K = 1
K = 0.5
Effective Span (L0) = 3.35 m

Relative stiffness Distribution Factor

S.No Joint Member ΣK
values (K) (D.F) = K/ΣK
AE 0.15 0.33
1 A 0.45
AD 0.3 0.67
DA 0.3 0.67
2 D 0.45
DF 0.15 0.33

Fixed End Moments (At Ends)

M F AB = -56.31 kN-m
M F DC = 80.86 kN-m
M F AD = 28.47 kN-m
M F DA = -32.54 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-I

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33
FEM -56.31 28.47 -32.54 80.86
BALANCE 9.187 18.652 -32.372 -15.944
Carry Over -16.186 9.326
BALANCE 5.341 10.845 -6.248 -3.078
Carry Over -3.124 5.422
BALANCE 1.031 2.093 -3.633 -1.789
Carry Over -1.816 1.047
BALANCE 0.599 1.217 -0.701 -0.345
Carry Over -0.351 0.609
BALANCE 0.116 0.235 -0.408 -0.201
Carry Over -0.204 0.117
BALANCE 0.067 0.137 -0.079 -0.039
Carry Over -0.039 0.068
BALANCE 0.013 0.026 -0.046 -0.023
Carry Over -0.023 0.013
BALANCE 0.008 0.015 -0.009 -0.004
Carry Over -0.004 0.008
BALANCE 0.001 0.003 -0.005 -0.003
Carry Over -0.003 0.001
BALANCE 0.001 0.002 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -39.943 39.943 -59.430 59.430
0.0 0.0

Page 13
Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)
39.943 39.943
A E B

G H

D F C
59.430 59.430

B.M @ E = 44.52 kN-m

B.M @ F = 61.85 kN-m
B.M @ G = 3.93 kN-m

Shear Forces (At Supports)

RA & R B = 100.8491 KN
RC & RD = 144.8178 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -42.7409 KN
HD = -66.5285 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-I Top Slab 44.52 39.94 -42.74 (C) -ve represents Compression
Case-I Bottom Slab 61.85 59.43 -66.53 (C)
Case-I Side Walls 3.93 59.43 144.82

Case:2
Density of Water = 10 kN/m3
level at top of wall (h) = 0 m
level at Bottom of wall (h) = 3.35 m
Intensity of water pressure at A = 0 kN/m2
Intensity of water pressure at D = 33.5 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

21.734 60.208 21.734
A E B

3.35

F 3.35 G

D E C
43.5013 33.5 86.458 34 43.501
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Page 14
Fixed End Moments (At Ends)
M F AB = -56.31 kN-m
M F DC = 80.86 kN-m
M F AD = 15.94 kN-m
M F DA = -13.74 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-II

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33
FEM -56.31 15.94 -13.74 80.86
BALANCE 13.322 27.048 -44.967 -22.148
Carry Over -22.483 13.524
BALANCE 7.419 15.064 -9.061 -4.463
Carry Over -4.531 7.532
BALANCE 1.495 3.035 -5.046 -2.486
Carry Over -2.523 1.518
BALANCE 0.833 1.691 -1.017 -0.501
Carry Over -0.508 0.845
BALANCE 0.168 0.341 -0.566 -0.279
Carry Over -0.283 0.170
BALANCE 0.093 0.190 -0.114 -0.056
Carry Over -0.057 0.095
BALANCE 0.019 0.038 -0.064 -0.031
Carry Over -0.032 0.019
BALANCE 0.010 0.021 -0.013 -0.006
Carry Over -0.006 0.011
BALANCE 0.002 0.004 -0.007 -0.004
Carry Over -0.004 0.002
BALANCE 0.001 0.002 -0.001 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -32.944 32.944 -50.882 50.882
0.0 0.0

Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)

32.944 32.944
A E B

G H

D F C
50.882 50.882

B.M @ E = 51.52 kN-m

B.M @ F = 70.40 kN-m
B.M @ G = 19.65 kN-m

Page 15
Shear Forces (At Supports)
RA & R B = 100.8491 KN
RC & RD = 144.8178 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -24.4991 KN
HD = -28.6578 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-II Top Slab 51.52 32.94 -24.50 (C)
Case-II Bottom Slab 70.40 50.88 -28.66 (C)
Case-II Side Walls 19.65 50.88 144.82

Case:3
Lateral Pressure owing to Dead Load (D.L
+ S.D.L) = 22.75 kN/m3
At level at top slab (h) = 0m
Lateral Pressure at Top (p) = 8.212333 kN/m2
At level at bottom (h) = 3.35 m
p = 29.97953 kN/m2
Density of Water = 10 kN/m3
level at top of wall (h) = 0 m
level at Bottom of wall (h) = 3.35 m
Intensity of water pressure at A = 0 kN/m2
Intensity of water pressure at D = 33.5 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

8.212 60.208 8.212

A E B

3.35

F 3.35 G

D E C
29.9795 33.5 86.458 34 29.980
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Fixed End Moments (At Ends)

M F AB = -56.31 kN-m
M F DC = 80.86 kN-m
M F AD = 3.29 kN-m
M F DA = -1.10 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-III

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33
FEM -56.31 3.29 -1.10 80.86
BALANCE 17.495 35.521 -53.439 -26.321
Carry Over -26.720 17.760
BALANCE 8.817 17.902 -11.899 -5.861
Carry Over -5.950 8.951
BALANCE 1.963 3.986 -5.997 -2.954
Carry Over -2.999 1.993
BALANCE 0.990 2.009 -1.335 -0.658
Carry Over -0.668 1.005

Page 16
BALANCE 0.220 0.447 -0.673 -0.331
Carry Over -0.337 0.224
BALANCE 0.111 0.225 -0.150 -0.074
Carry Over -0.075 0.113
BALANCE 0.025 0.050 -0.076 -0.037
Carry Over -0.038 0.025
BALANCE 0.012 0.025 -0.017 -0.008
Carry Over -0.008 0.013
BALANCE 0.003 0.006 -0.008 -0.004
Carry Over -0.004 0.003
BALANCE 0.001 0.003 -0.002 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.001 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -26.668 26.668 -44.607 44.607
0.0 0.0

Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)

26.668 26.668
A E B

G H

D F C
44.607 44.607

B.M @ E = 57.79 kN-m

B.M @ F = 76.68 kN-m
B.M @ G = 32.35 kN-m

Shear Forces (At Supports)

RA & R B = 100.8491 KN
RC & RD = 144.8178 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -1.85011 KN
HD = -6.00878 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-III Top Slab 57.79 26.67 -1.85 (C)
Case-III Bottom Slab 76.68 44.61 -6.01 (C)
Case-III Side Walls 32.35 44.61 144.82

Max. Max.
B.M at B. M at Direct
Component B.M at B.M at
Load Case centre ends Force
Name centre ends (kN-
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
(kN-m) m)
Case-I Top Slab 44.51842 39.9427 -42.741 (C) 76.68 59.43
Case-II Top Slab 51.51747 32.9436 -24.499 (C)
Case-III Top Slab 57.79279 26.6683 -1.8501 (C)
Case-I Bottom Slab 61.8549 59.43 -66.528 (C)

Page 17
Case-II Bottom Slab 70.4028 50.8821 -28.658 (C)
Case-III Bottom Slab 76.67809 44.6068 -6.0088 (C)
Case-I Side Walls 3.929793 59.43 144.818
Case-II Side Walls 19.65343 50.8821 144.818
Case-III Side Walls 32.34666 44.6068 144.818

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN METHODOLOGY:

The RCC box culvert will be designed as per the guidance provided in the civil technical specification. Earth pressure for
all under ground water storage structure shall be taken as at rest. In addition to earth pressure the vehicular traffic load
as per the IRC specification of Class "AA" is taken into account. Manual load calculations are made and analysed using
the software STAAD pro for the loadings, bending moments and shear forces and design/detail shall be made as per the
manual calculation
Design of Components
Top Slab
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 57.79 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.35 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.016 m 16 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.048 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 302 mm
Design Constants:
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 233.7903 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 879.4433 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 16 mm
Spacing = 228.6537 mm 228.7
No. of bars (per meter length) = 5 nos
Provide 16 mm Ø bars @ 228.7 mm C/C
Provide 16mm Ø bars @228.7mm C/C
Provide these bars as bent alternatively near supports.
Distance for the crank from support = 840 mm
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 700 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 350 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 143.6343 mm 143
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 143 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @143mm C/C
Additional Reinforcement at supports:
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 39.94 kN-m
Ast, Reqd. = 607.8148 mm2
Actual main steel provided upto the
middle of the section = 502.72 mm2
Provide the balance steel wrt ends and
middle steel already provided = 105.0948 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 478.3491 mm 478 250
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 250 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @250mm C/C

Page 18
Provide the additional reinforcement in the form of U-shape upto a distance of L/4 or L/5 from the either ends,along
with the main bar provision.

Bottom Slab
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 76.68 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.35 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.02 m 20 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.05 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 300 mm
Design Constants:
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 269.2932 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 1174.603 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 20 mm
Spacing = 267.4946 mm 267.5
No. of bars (per meter length) = 4 nos
Provide 20 mm Ø bars @ 267.5 mm C/C
Provide 20mm Ø bars @267.5mm C/C
Provide these bars as bent alternatively near supports.
Distance for the crank from support = 800 mm
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 700 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 350 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 143.6343 mm 143
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 143 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @143mm C/C
Additional Reinforcement at supports:
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 59.43 kN-m
Ast, Reqd. = 910.3863 mm2
Actual main steel provided upto the
middle of the section = 628.4 mm2
Provide the balance steel wrt ends and
middle steel already provided = 281.9863 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 178.2782 mm 178 300
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 300 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @300mm C/C
Provide the additional reinforcement in the form of U-shape upto a distance of L/4 or L/5 from the either ends,along
with the main bar provision.

Side wall Slab

Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 59.43 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.35 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.02 m 20 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.05 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 300 mm
Design Constants:

Page 19
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 237.0787 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 910.3863 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 20 mm
Spacing = 345.1282 mm 345.1
No. of bars (per meter length) = 3 nos
Provide 20 mm Ø bars @ 345.1 mm C/C
Provide 20mm Ø bars @345.1mm C/C
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 700 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 350 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 143.6343 mm 143
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 143 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @143mm C/C

Page 20
Ast, Reqd. 885.09
ast 201.088 16
No of bars / m length 5
Ast, Provd. 1005.44 502.72

611.64
108.92
ast 50.272 8
Spacing 461.5498
 CASE-I CASE-II
JOINT A D JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF MEMBER AE AD DA
D.F 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33 D.F 0.33 0.67 0.67
FEM -54.48 27.45 -31.34 74.9 FEM -54.48 15.47 -13.3727
BALANCE 8.9199 18.1101 -29.1852 -14.3748 BALANCE 12.8733 26.1367 -41.22329
Carry Over -14.5926 9.05505 Carry Over -20.61165 13.06835
BALANCE 4.815558 9.777042 -6.066884 -2.988167 BALANCE 6.801843 13.8098 -8.755795
Carry Over -3.033442 4.888521 Carry Over -4.377897 6.904901
BALANCE 1.001036 2.032406 -3.275309 -1.613212 BALANCE 1.444706 2.933191 -4.626284
Carry Over -1.637655 1.016203 Carry Over -2.313142 1.466596
BALANCE 0.540426 1.097229 -0.680856 -0.335347 BALANCE 0.763337 1.549805 -0.982619
Carry Over -0.340428 0.548614 Carry Over -0.49131 0.774903
BALANCE 0.112341 0.228087 -0.367572 -0.181043 BALANCE 0.162132 0.329177 -0.519185
Carry Over -0.183786 0.114043 Carry Over -0.259592 0.164589
BALANCE 0.060649 0.123136 -0.076409 -0.037634 BALANCE 0.085665 0.173927 -0.110274
Carry Over -0.038205 0.061568 Carry Over -0.055137 0.086963
BALANCE 0.012607 0.025597 -0.041251 -0.020318 BALANCE 0.018195 0.036942 -0.058266
Carry Over -0.020625 0.012799 Carry Over -0.029133 0.018471
BALANCE 0.006806 0.013819 -0.008575 -0.004224 BALANCE 0.009614 0.019519 -0.012376
Carry Over -0.004288 0.006909 Carry Over -0.006188 0.009759
BALANCE 0.001415 0.002873 -0.004629 -0.00228 BALANCE 0.002042 0.004146 -0.006539
Carry Over -0.002315 0.001436 Carry Over -0.003269 0.002073
BALANCE 0.000764 0.001551 -0.000962 -0.000474 BALANCE 0.001079 0.002191 -0.001389
Carry Over -0.000481 0.000775 Carry Over -0.000694 0.001095
BALANCE 0.000159 0.000322 -0.00052 -0.000256 BALANCE 0.000229 0.000465 -0.000734
Carry Over -0.00026 0.000161 Carry Over -0.000367 0.000233
BALANCE 8.572E-05 0.000174 -0.000108 -5.32E-05 BALANCE 0.000121 0.000246 -0.000156
Carry Over -5.4E-05 8.702E-05 Carry Over -7.79E-05 0.000123
Total -39.00825 39.0082 -55.34211 55.34219 Total -32.31774 32.31766 -47.17155
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
 CASE-III
D JOINT A D
DF MEMBER AE AD DA DF
0.33 D.F 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33
74.9 FEM -54.48 2.85 -0.75 74.90
-20.30401 BALANCE 17.04 34.59 -49.68 -24.47
Carry Over -24.84 17.30
-4.312556 BALANCE 8.20 16.64 -11.59 -5.71
Carry Over -5.79 8.32
-2.278617 BALANCE 1.91 3.88 -5.58 -2.75
Carry Over -2.79 1.94
-0.483977 BALANCE 0.92 1.87 -1.30 -0.64
Carry Over -0.65 0.93
-0.255718 BALANCE 0.21 0.44 -0.63 -0.31
Carry Over -0.31 0.22
-0.054314 BALANCE 0.10 0.21 -0.15 -0.07
Carry Over -0.07 0.10
-0.028698 BALANCE 0.02 0.05 -0.07 -0.03
Carry Over -0.04 0.02
-0.006095 BALANCE 0.01 0.02 -0.02 -0.01
Carry Over -0.01 0.01
-0.003221 BALANCE 0.00 0.01 -0.01 0.00
Carry Over 0.00 0.00
-0.000684 BALANCE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Carry Over 0.00 0.00
-0.000361 BALANCE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Carry Over 0.00 0.00
-7.68E-05 BALANCE 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Carry Over 0.00 0.00
47.17167 Total -26.054 26.054 -40.908 40.908
0.0 0.0 0.0
 Bending Bending
S.No Load Case Component Name Moment at Moment at Direct Force (kN)
centre (kN-m) ends (kN-m)
2 Case-I Bottom Slab 57.01 55.34 -64.29
5 Case-II Bottom Slab 65.17 47.18 -27.54
8 Case-III Bottom Slab 71.44 40.91 -4.60
71.44 55.34 136.18
 BOX CULVERT DESIGN

Calculation for 3.35m x 3.35m RCC box culvert :

Inner Dimensions of Culvert = 3 m x 3 m
Span of culvert 3 m
Height of culvert 3 m 0.1 0.066667
Thickness of the Components 0.3 0.1 1/10 1/15
C/C distance of all components by
central line method = 3.3 m x 3.3 m
Effective dimensions of Culvert = 3.3 m x 3.3 m
Span of culvert 3.3 m
Dimensions of Haunch 0.3 0.1 1/10 1/15
Effective Length of Dispersion (L d)
Contact Length of Wheel along the
length of the road = 3.6 m
Thickness of wearing coat = 0.08 m
Thickness of slab = 0.3 m
Thickness of side walls = 0.3 m
Effective Length of Dispersion (Ld) = 4.36 m
Effective Width of Dispersion (B d)
Effective Span (l0) = 3.3 m
Effective Height (H0) = 3.3 m
a or x = 1.65 m
Contact Length of Wheel along the width
of the road = 0.85 m
b1 or bw = 1.01 m
Length of the carriageway(Including
Kerb) = 7.5 m
Width of the Footpath = 1 m
Width of the Slab (B or b) = 9.5 m
b/l0 = 2.878788
α = 2.6
Effective Width of Dispersion for a single
wheel (beff.) = 3.155 m beff. = αx{(1-(x/lo)}+bw
Inner space between wheels = 1.2 m
C/C distance between the wheels along
the width of the road = 2.05 m
Effective Width of Dispersion (B d) = 5.205 m
Culvert is designed for Class “AA” loading as per IRC standards for road with 10 m width and above.
For the Span of 4.36m Load from Vehicle
is = 700 kN 4.36
As the Span is 3.3m Load from Vehicle
should be = 529.8165 kN 3.3
Super imposed load(assuming 2 tyres) = 350 kN
Height of Soil above the road = 0.78 m
Soil above the culvert (SDL) = 14.04 kN/m2
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
SBC at 1.5m depth = 150 kN/m2
Density of Soil = 18 kN/m3
Density of Wearing Coat (Asphalt Concret = 22 kN/m3
Angle of Repose (Ø) = 28 deg
Unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3
Impact Factor = 25%
Intensity of live load on the span = 38.55679 kN/m2
Assumed thickness of slab as = 300 mm

Weight of top slab including Wearing

Coat (W1) = 9.26 kN/m2
Additional Soil Load on the Culvert (W 2) = 14.04 kN/m2

Page 26
Live load
Intensity of live load on the span due to
the vehicle movement (W 3) = 38.55679 kN/m2

Total weight on top slab (W) = 61.85679 kN/m2

Weight of one vertical wall (W 4) = 7.5 kN/m2

Weight of Bottom slab (W 5) = 7.5 kN/m2
Surcharge = 0 kN/m2
Considering one metre run of culvert, Pressure intensity on the base slab

= 84.35679 kN/m2

Loading diagram

Weight of bottom slab will be directly counteracted by the corresponding ground reaction.
At any depth (h) from top slab, lateral pressure intensity (p)

p = {W1 x [1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)] + 18000 h{1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)]}

At level at top slab (h) = 0m

p = 25.03653 kN/m2

At level at bottom (h) = 3.3 m

p = 46.47884 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

25.037 61.857 25.037
A E B

3.3

F 3.3 G

D E C
46.4788 84.357 46.479
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Page 27
Since the loading is symmetrical WRT the Vertical axis as shown above, it s enough to consider half frame (AEFD) for
analysis.
As all the members are with uniform thickness and have the same dimensions their moment of inertias are equal.
In the above considered section, E & I are same for all members because material and cross sectional dimensions are
Considering one metre run of the culvert and each member as a separate fixed member, Fixed end moments are:
Distribution Factors
For the members where full length is considered for analysis take K = 1/L (i.e, AD or BC)
For the members where full length is considered for analysis take K = 1/2L (i.e, AE or DF)
K = 1
K = 0.5
Effective Span (L0) = 3.3 m

Relative stiffness Distribution Factor

S.No Joint Member ΣK
values (K) (D.F) = K/ΣK
AE 0.16 0.34
1 A 0.47
AD 0.31 0.66
DA 0.31 0.66
2 D 0.47
DF 0.16 0.34

Fixed End Moments (At Ends)

M F AB = -56.14 kN-m
M F DC = 76.55 kN-m
M F AD = 30.50 kN-m
M F DA = -34.40 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-I

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.34 0.66 0.66 0.34
FEM -56.14 30.50 -34.40 76.55
BALANCE 8.714 16.916 -27.824 -14.334
Carry Over -13.912 8.458
BALANCE 4.730 9.182 -5.582 -2.876
Carry Over -2.791 4.591
BALANCE 0.949 1.842 -3.030 -1.561
Carry Over -1.515 0.921
BALANCE 0.515 1.000 -0.608 -0.313
Carry Over -0.304 0.500
BALANCE 0.103 0.201 -0.330 -0.170
Carry Over -0.165 0.100
BALANCE 0.056 0.109 -0.066 -0.034
Carry Over -0.033 0.054
BALANCE 0.011 0.022 -0.036 -0.019
Carry Over -0.018 0.011
BALANCE 0.006 0.012 -0.007 -0.004
Carry Over -0.004 0.006
BALANCE 0.001 0.002 -0.004 -0.002
Carry Over -0.002 0.001
BALANCE 0.001 0.001 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -41.047 41.047 -57.241 57.241
0.0 0.0

Page 28
Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)
41.047 41.047
A E B

G H

D F C
57.241 57.241

B.M @ E = 43.16 kN-m

B.M @ F = 57.59 kN-m
B.M @ G = 0.47 kN-m

Shear Forces (At Supports)

RA & R B = 102.0637 KN
RC & RD = 139.1887 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -48.1963 KN
HD = -69.804 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-I Top Slab 43.16 41.05 -48.20 (C) -ve represents Compression
Case-I Bottom Slab 57.59 57.24 -69.80 (C)
Case-I Side Walls 0.47 57.24 139.19

Case:2
Density of Water = 10 kN/m3
level at top of wall (h) = 0 m
level at Bottom of wall (h) = 3.3 m
Intensity of water pressure at A = 0 kN/m2
Intensity of water pressure at D = 33 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

25.037 61.857 25.037
A E B

3.3

F 3.3 G

D E C
46.4788 33 84.357 33 46.479
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Page 29
Fixed End Moments (At Ends)
M F AB = -56.14 kN-m
M F DC = 76.55 kN-m
M F AD = 18.53 kN-m
M F DA = -16.43 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-II

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.34 0.66 0.66 0.34
FEM -56.14 18.53 -16.43 76.55
BALANCE 12.787 24.822 -39.683 -20.443
Carry Over -19.842 12.411
BALANCE 6.746 13.096 -8.191 -4.220
Carry Over -4.096 6.548
BALANCE 1.393 2.703 -4.322 -2.226
Carry Over -2.161 1.352
BALANCE 0.735 1.426 -0.892 -0.460
Carry Over -0.446 0.713
BALANCE 0.152 0.294 -0.471 -0.242
Carry Over -0.235 0.147
BALANCE 0.080 0.155 -0.097 -0.050
Carry Over -0.049 0.078
BALANCE 0.017 0.032 -0.051 -0.026
Carry Over -0.026 0.016
BALANCE 0.009 0.017 -0.011 -0.005
Carry Over -0.005 0.008
BALANCE 0.002 0.003 -0.006 -0.003
Carry Over -0.003 0.002
BALANCE 0.001 0.002 -0.001 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -34.214 34.214 -48.877 48.877
0.0 0.0

Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)

34.214 34.214
A E B

G H

D F C
48.877 48.877

B.M @ E = 49.99 kN-m

B.M @ F = 65.95 kN-m
B.M @ G = 15.33 kN-m

Page 30
Shear Forces (At Supports)
RA & R B = 102.0637 KN
RC & RD = 139.1887 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -30.5103 KN
HD = -33.04 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-II Top Slab 49.99 34.21 -30.51 (C)
Case-II Bottom Slab 65.95 48.88 -33.04 (C)
Case-II Side Walls 15.33 48.88 139.19

Case:3
Lateral Pressure owing to Dead Load (D.L
+ S.D.L) = 30.8 kN/m3
At level at top slab (h) = 0m
Lateral Pressure at Top (p) = 11.11824 kN/m2
At level at bottom (h) = 3.3 m
p = 32.56055 kN/m2
Density of Water = 10 kN/m3
level at top of wall (h) = 0 m
level at Bottom of wall (h) = 3.3 m
Intensity of water pressure at A = 0 kN/m2
Intensity of water pressure at D = 33 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

11.118 61.857 11.118

A E B

3.3

F 3.3 G

D E C
32.5605 33 84.357 33 32.561
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Fixed End Moments (At Ends)

M F AB = -56.14 kN-m
M F DC = 76.55 kN-m
M F AD = 5.89 kN-m
M F DA = -3.80 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-III

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33
FEM -56.14 5.89 -3.80 76.55
BALANCE 16.579 33.661 -48.747 -24.010
Carry Over -24.374 16.831
BALANCE 8.287 16.087 -11.108 -5.722
Carry Over -5.554 8.043
BALANCE 1.888 3.666 -5.309 -2.735
Carry Over -2.654 1.833
BALANCE 0.902 1.752 -1.210 -0.623
Carry Over -0.605 0.876

Page 31
BALANCE 0.206 0.399 -0.578 -0.298
Carry Over -0.289 0.200
BALANCE 0.098 0.191 -0.132 -0.068
Carry Over -0.066 0.095
BALANCE 0.022 0.043 -0.063 -0.032
Carry Over -0.031 0.022
BALANCE 0.011 0.021 -0.014 -0.007
Carry Over -0.007 0.010
BALANCE 0.002 0.005 -0.007 -0.004
Carry Over -0.003 0.002
BALANCE 0.001 0.002 -0.002 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.001 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -28.137 28.137 -43.053 43.053
0.0 0.0

Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)

28.137 28.137
A E B

G H

D F C
43.053 43.053

B.M @ E = 56.07 kN-m

B.M @ F = 71.78 kN-m
B.M @ G = 28.33 kN-m

Shear Forces (At Supports)

RA & R B = 102.0637 KN
RC & RD = 139.1887 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -7.46818 KN
HD = -10.1518 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-III Top Slab 56.07 28.14 -7.47 (C)
Case-III Bottom Slab 71.78 43.05 -10.15 (C)
Case-III Side Walls 28.33 43.05 139.19

Max. Max.
B.M at B. M at Direct
Component B.M at B.M at
Load Case centre ends Force
Name centre ends (kN-
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
(kN-m) m)
Case-I Top Slab 43.15516 41.0474 -48.196 (C) 71.78 57.24
Case-II Top Slab 49.98822 34.2143 -30.51 (C)
Case-III Top Slab 56.06594 28.1366 -7.4682 (C)
Case-I Bottom Slab 57.58943 57.2412 -69.804 (C)

Page 32
Case-II Bottom Slab 65.95361 48.8771 -33.04 (C)
Case-III Bottom Slab 71.77736 43.0533 -10.152 (C)
Case-I Side Walls 0.469171 57.2412 139.189
Case-II Side Walls 15.33118 48.8771 139.189
Case-III Side Walls 28.32672 43.0533 139.189

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN METHODOLOGY:

The RCC box culvert will be designed as per the guidance provided in the civil technical specification. Earth pressure for
all under ground water storage structure shall be taken as at rest. In addition to earth pressure the vehicular traffic load
as per the IRC specification of Class "AA" is taken into account. Manual load calculations are made and analysed using
the software STAAD pro for the loadings, bending moments and shear forces and design/detail shall be made as per the
manual calculation
Design of Components
Top Slab
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 56.07 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.3 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.016 m 16 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.048 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 252 mm
Design Constants:
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 230.271 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 1022.444 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 16 mm
Spacing = 196.6738 mm 196.7
No. of bars (per meter length) = 6 nos
Provide 16 mm Ø bars @ 196.7 mm C/C
Provide 16mm Ø bars @196.7mm C/C
Provide these bars as bent alternatively near supports.
Distance for the crank from support = 830 mm
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 600 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 300 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 167.5733 mm 167
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 167 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @167mm C/C
Additional Reinforcement at supports:
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 41 kN-m
Ast, Reqd. = 748.5591 mm2
Actual main steel provided upto the
middle of the section = 603.264 mm2
Provide the balance steel wrt ends and
middle steel already provided = 145.2951 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 345.9993 mm 346 250
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 250 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @250mm C/C

Page 33
Provide the additional reinforcement in the form of U-shape upto a distance of L/4 or L/5 from the either ends,along
with the main bar provision.

Bottom Slab
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 71.78 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.3 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.016 m 16 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.048 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 252 mm
Design Constants:
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 260.5454 mm Increase the Depth of Section
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 1308.965 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 16 mm
Spacing = 153.6237 mm 153.6
No. of bars (per meter length) = 7 nos
Provide 16 mm Ø bars @ 153.6 mm C/C
Provide 16mm Ø bars @153.6mm C/C
Provide these bars as bent alternatively near supports.
Distance for the crank from support = 800 mm
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 600 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 300 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 167.5733 mm 167
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 167 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @167mm C/C
Additional Reinforcement at supports:
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 57.24 kN-m
Ast, Reqd. = 1043.878 mm2
Actual main steel provided upto the
middle of the section = 703.808 mm2
Provide the balance steel wrt ends and
middle steel already provided = 340.0698 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 147.8285 mm 148 300
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 300 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @300mm C/C
Provide the additional reinforcement in the form of U-shape upto a distance of L/4 or L/5 from the either ends,along
with the main bar provision.

Side wall Slab

Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 57.24 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.3 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.016 m 16 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.048 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 252 mm
Design Constants:

Page 34
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 232.672 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 1043.878 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 16 mm
Spacing = 192.6356 mm 192.6
No. of bars (per meter length) = 6 nos
Provide 16 mm Ø bars @ 192.6 mm C/C
Provide 16mm Ø bars @192.6mm C/C
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 600 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 300 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 167.5733 mm 167
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 167 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @167mm C/C

Page 35
 BOX CULVERT DESIGN

Calculation for 3.35m x 3.35m RCC box culvert :

Inner Dimensions of Culvert = 3 m x 3 m
Span of culvert 3 m
Height of culvert 3 m 0.1 0.066667
Thickness of the Components 0.5 0.1 1/10 1/15
C/C distance of all components by
central line method = 3.5 m x 3.5 m
Effective dimensions of Culvert = 3.5 m x 3.5 m
Span of culvert 3.5 m
Dimensions of Haunch 0.5 0.1 1/10 1/15
Effective Length of Dispersion (L d)
Contact Length of Wheel along the
length of the road = 3.6 m
Thickness of wearing coat = 0.08 m
Thickness of slab = 0.5 m
Thickness of side walls = 0.5 m
Effective Length of Dispersion (Ld) = 4.76 m
Effective Width of Dispersion (B d)
Effective Span (l0) = 3.5 m
Effective Height (H0) = 3.5 m
a or x = 1.75 m
Contact Length of Wheel along the width
of the road = 0.85 m
b1 or bw = 1.01 m
Length of the carriageway(Including
Kerb) = 7.5 m
Width of the Footpath = 1 m
Width of the Slab (B or b) = 9.5 m
b/l0 = 2.714286
α = 2.6
Effective Width of Dispersion for a single
wheel (beff.) = 3.285 m beff. = αx{(1-(x/lo)}+bw
Inner space between wheels = 1.2 m
C/C distance between the wheels along
the width of the road = 2.05 m
Effective Width of Dispersion (B d) = 5.335 m
Culvert is designed for Class “AA” loading as per IRC standards for road with 10 m width and above.
For the Span of 4.36m Load from Vehicle
is = 1400 kN 4.76
As the Span is 3.3m Load from Vehicle
should be = 1029.412 kN 3.5
Super imposed load(assuming 2 tyres) = 700 kN
Height of Soil above the road = 0.78 m
Soil above the culvert (SDL) = 14.04 kN/m2
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
SBC at 1.5m depth = 150 kN/m2
Density of Soil = 18 kN/m3
Density of Wearing Coat (Asphalt Concret = 22 kN/m3
Angle of Repose (Ø) = 28 deg
Unit weight of concrete = 25 kN/m3
Impact Factor = 10%
Intensity of live load on the span = 60.64281 kN/m2
Assumed thickness of slab as = 500 mm

Weight of top slab including Wearing

Coat (W1) = 14.26 kN/m2
Additional Soil Load on the Culvert (W 2) = 14.04 kN/m2

Page 36
Live load
Intensity of live load on the span due to
the vehicle movement (W 3) = 60.64281 kN/m2

Total weight on top slab (W) = 88.94281 kN/m2

Weight of one vertical wall (W 4) = 12.5 kN/m2

Weight of Bottom slab (W 5) = 12.5 kN/m2
Surcharge = 0 kN/m2
Considering one metre run of culvert, Pressure intensity on the base slab

= 126.4428 kN/m2

Loading diagram

Weight of bottom slab will be directly counteracted by the corresponding ground reaction.
At any depth (h) from top slab, lateral pressure intensity (p)

p = {W1 x [1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)] + 18000 h{1-sin Ø/1+sin Ø)]}

At level at top slab (h) = 0m

p = 36.619 kN/m2

At level at bottom (h) = 3.5 m

p = 59.36084 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

36.619 88.943 36.619
A E B

3.5

F 3.5 G

D E C
59.3608 126.443 59.361
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Page 37
Since the loading is symmetrical WRT the Vertical axis as shown above, it s enough to consider half frame (AEFD) for
analysis.
As all the members are with uniform thickness and have the same dimensions their moment of inertias are equal.
In the above considered section, E & I are same for all members because material and cross sectional dimensions are
Considering one metre run of the culvert and each member as a separate fixed member, Fixed end moments are:
Distribution Factors
For the members where full length is considered for analysis take K = 1/L (i.e, AD or BC)
For the members where full length is considered for analysis take K = 1/2L (i.e, AE or DF)
K = 1
K = 0.5
Effective Span (L0) = 3.5 m

Relative stiffness Distribution Factor

S.No Joint Member ΣK
values (K) (D.F) = K/ΣK
AE 0.15 0.34
1 A 0.44
AD 0.29 0.66
DA 0.29 0.66
2 D 0.44
DF 0.15 0.34

Fixed End Moments (At Ends)

M F AB = -90.80 kN-m
M F DC = 129.08 kN-m
M F AD = 46.67 kN-m
M F DA = -51.31 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-I

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.34 0.66 0.66 0.34
FEM -90.80 46.67 -51.31 129.08
BALANCE 15.003 29.124 -51.325 -26.440
Carry Over -25.663 14.562
BALANCE 8.725 16.937 -9.611 -4.951
Carry Over -4.806 8.469
BALANCE 1.634 3.172 -5.589 -2.879
Carry Over -2.795 1.586
BALANCE 0.950 1.844 -1.047 -0.539
Carry Over -0.523 0.922
BALANCE 0.178 0.345 -0.609 -0.314
Carry Over -0.304 0.173
BALANCE 0.103 0.201 -0.114 -0.059
Carry Over -0.057 0.100
BALANCE 0.019 0.038 -0.066 -0.034
Carry Over -0.033 0.019
BALANCE 0.011 0.022 -0.012 -0.006
Carry Over -0.006 0.011
BALANCE 0.002 0.004 -0.007 -0.004
Carry Over -0.004 0.002
BALANCE 0.001 0.002 -0.001 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.001
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 -0.001 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -64.167 64.167 -93.849 93.849
0.0 0.0

Page 38
Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)
64.167 64.167
A E B

G H

D F C
93.849 93.849

B.M @ E = 72.03 kN-m

B.M @ F = 99.77 kN-m
B.M @ G = 5.52 kN-m

Shear Forces (At Supports)

RA & R B = 155.6499 KN
RC & RD = 221.2749 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -68.8688 KN
HD = -99.096 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-I Top Slab 72.03 64.17 -68.87 (C) -ve represents Compression
Case-I Bottom Slab 99.77 93.85 -99.10 (C)
Case-I Side Walls 5.52 93.85 221.27

Case:2
Density of Water = 10 kN/m3
level at top of wall (h) = 0 m
level at Bottom of wall (h) = 3.5 m
Intensity of water pressure at A = 0 kN/m2
Intensity of water pressure at D = 35 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

36.619 88.943 36.619
A E B

3.5

F 3.5 G

D E C
59.3608 35 126.443 35 59.361
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Page 39
Fixed End Moments (At Ends)
M F AB = -90.80 kN-m
M F DC = 129.08 kN-m
M F AD = 32.38 kN-m
M F DA = -29.87 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-II

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.34 0.66 0.66 0.34
FEM -90.80 32.38 -29.87 129.08
BALANCE 19.863 38.557 -65.474 -33.729
Carry Over -32.737 19.278
BALANCE 11.131 21.606 -12.724 -6.555
Carry Over -6.362 10.803
BALANCE 2.163 4.199 -7.130 -3.673
Carry Over -3.565 2.099
BALANCE 1.212 2.353 -1.386 -0.714
Carry Over -0.693 1.176
BALANCE 0.236 0.457 -0.776 -0.400
Carry Over -0.388 0.229
BALANCE 0.132 0.256 -0.151 -0.078
Carry Over -0.075 0.128
BALANCE 0.026 0.050 -0.085 -0.044
Carry Over -0.042 0.025
BALANCE 0.014 0.028 -0.016 -0.008
Carry Over -0.008 0.014
BALANCE 0.003 0.005 -0.009 -0.005
Carry Over -0.005 0.003
BALANCE 0.002 0.003 -0.002 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.002
BALANCE 0.000 0.001 -0.001 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -56.015 56.015 -83.870 83.870
0.0 0.0

Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)

56.015 56.015
A E B

G H

D F C
83.870 83.870

B.M @ E = 80.18 kN-m

B.M @ F = 109.75 kN-m
B.M @ G = 23.25 kN-m

Page 40
Shear Forces (At Supports)
RA & R B = 155.6499 KN
RC & RD = 221.2749 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -48.974 KN
HD = -57.7407 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-II Top Slab 80.18 56.01 -48.97 (C)
Case-II Bottom Slab 109.75 83.87 -57.74 (C)
Case-II Side Walls 23.25 83.87 221.27

Case:3
Lateral Pressure owing to Dead Load (D.L
+ S.D.L) = 40.8 kN/m3
At level at top slab (h) = 0m
Lateral Pressure at Top (p) = 14.72805 kN/m2
At level at bottom (h) = 3.5 m
p = 37.4699 kN/m2
Density of Water = 10 kN/m3
level at top of wall (h) = 0 m
level at Bottom of wall (h) = 3.5 m
Intensity of water pressure at A = 0 kN/m2
Intensity of water pressure at D = 35 kN/m2

kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

14.728 88.943 14.728

A E B

3.5

F 3.5 G

D E C
37.4699 35 126.443 35 37.470
kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2

Fixed End Moments (At Ends)

M F AB = -90.80 kN-m
M F DC = 129.08 kN-m
M F AD = 10.03 kN-m
M F DA = -7.53 kN-m

Moment Distribution Table for CASE-III

JOINT A D
MEMBER AE AD DA DF
D.F 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33
FEM -90.80 10.03 -7.53 129.08
BALANCE 26.653 54.113 -81.439 -40.112
Carry Over -40.719 27.057
BALANCE 13.845 26.875 -17.857 -9.199
Carry Over -8.929 13.437
BALANCE 3.036 5.893 -8.869 -4.569
Carry Over -4.434 2.946
BALANCE 1.508 2.927 -1.945 -1.002
Carry Over -0.972 1.463

Page 41
BALANCE 0.331 0.642 -0.966 -0.498
Carry Over -0.483 0.321
BALANCE 0.164 0.319 -0.212 -0.109
Carry Over -0.106 0.159
BALANCE 0.036 0.070 -0.105 -0.054
Carry Over -0.053 0.035
BALANCE 0.018 0.035 -0.023 -0.012
Carry Over -0.012 0.017
BALANCE 0.004 0.008 -0.011 -0.006
Carry Over -0.006 0.004
BALANCE 0.002 0.004 -0.003 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.002
BALANCE 0.000 0.001 -0.001 -0.001
Carry Over -0.001 0.000
BALANCE 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Carry Over 0.000 0.000
Total -45.200 45.200 -73.515 73.515
0.0 0.0

Bending Moments (At Mid SPans)

45.200 45.200
A E B

G H

D F C
73.515 73.515

B.M @ E = 90.99 kN-m

B.M @ F = 120.10 kN-m
B.M @ G = 46.19 kN-m

Shear Forces (At Supports)

RA & R B = 155.6499 KN
RC & RD = 221.2749 KN

Horizontal Reactions
HA = -10.5334 KN
HD = -19.563 KN

B.M at B. M at Direct
Component
Load Case centre ends Force
Name
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
Case-III Top Slab 90.99 45.20 -10.53 (C)
Case-III Bottom Slab 120.10 73.51 -19.56 (C)
Case-III Side Walls 46.19 73.51 221.27

Max. Max.
B.M at B. M at Direct
Component B.M at B.M at
Load Case centre ends Force
Name centre ends (kN-
(kN-m) (kN-m) (kN)
(kN-m) m)
Case-I Top Slab 72.02649 64.1672 -68.869 (C) 120.10 93.85
Case-II Top Slab 80.17874 56.0149 -48.974 (C)
Case-III Top Slab 90.9941 45.1996 -10.533 (C)
Case-I Bottom Slab 99.76625 93.8493 -99.096 (C)

Page 42
Case-II Bottom Slab 109.7452 83.8703 -57.741 (C)
Case-III Bottom Slab 120.1006 73.515 -19.563 (C)
Case-I Side Walls 5.523687 93.8493 221.275
Case-II Side Walls 23.25496 83.8703 221.275
Case-III Side Walls 46.19011 73.515 221.275

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN METHODOLOGY:

The RCC box culvert will be designed as per the guidance provided in the civil technical specification. Earth pressure for
all under ground water storage structure shall be taken as at rest. In addition to earth pressure the vehicular traffic load
as per the IRC specification of Class "AA" is taken into account. Manual load calculations are made and analysed using
the software STAAD pro for the loadings, bending moments and shear forces and design/detail shall be made as per the
manual calculation
Design of Components
Top Slab
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 91 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.5 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.016 m 16 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.048 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 452 mm
Design Constants:
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 293.3569 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 925.158 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 16 mm
Spacing = 217.3553 mm 217.4
No. of bars (per meter length) = 5 nos
Provide 16 mm Ø bars @ 217.4 mm C/C
Provide 16mm Ø bars @217.4mm C/C
Provide these bars as bent alternatively near supports.
Distance for the crank from support = 880 mm
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 1000 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 500 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 100.544 mm 100
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 100 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @100mm C/C
Additional Reinforcement at supports:
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 64.17 kN-m
Ast, Reqd. = 652.4026 mm2
Actual main steel provided upto the
middle of the section = 502.72 mm2
Provide the balance steel wrt ends and
middle steel already provided = 149.6826 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 335.8573 mm 336 250
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 250 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @250mm C/C

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Provide the additional reinforcement in the form of U-shape upto a distance of L/4 or L/5 from the either ends,along
with the main bar provision.

Bottom Slab
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 120 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.5 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.016 m 16 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.048 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 452 mm
Design Constants:
For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 337.0251 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 1221.09 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 16 mm
Spacing = 164.6791 mm 164.7
No. of bars (per meter length) = 7 nos
Provide 16 mm Ø bars @ 164.7 mm C/C
Provide 16mm Ø bars @164.7mm C/C
Provide these bars as bent alternatively near supports.
Distance for the crank from support = 900 mm
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 1000 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 500 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 100.544 mm 100
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 100 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @100mm C/C
Additional Reinforcement at supports:
Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 93.85 kN-m
Ast, Reqd. = 954.1876 mm2
Actual main steel provided upto the
middle of the section = 703.808 mm2
Provide the balance steel wrt ends and
middle steel already provided = 250.3796 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 200.7832 mm 201 300
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 300 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @300mm C/C
Provide the additional reinforcement in the form of U-shape upto a distance of L/4 or L/5 from the either ends,along
with the main bar provision.

Side wall Slab

Considering maximum midspan section of slab for bending moment (M) = 93.85 kN-m
Overall Depth of Slab = 0.5 m
Clear Cover = 0.04 m
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Main Bar = 0.016 m 16 mm
Dia. Of Bar Chosen - Distribution Bar = 0.008 m 8 mm
Effective Cover = 0.048 m
Effective Depth Assumed = 452 mm
Design Constants:

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For
Grade of Concrete = M 25
Grade of Steel = Fe 500
σcbc = 8.33 N/mm2
σst = 240 N/mm2
m = 11.20448
k = 0.28
j = 0.906667
Q = 1.057355
b = 1000 mm Per mtr. Width
Effective Depth Required = 297.9238 mm Effective Depth assumed is OK
Main Reinforcement:
Ast = 954.1876 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 16 mm
Spacing = 210.7426 mm 210.7
No. of bars (per meter length) = 5 nos
Provide 16 mm Ø bars @ 210.7 mm C/C
Provide 16mm Ø bars @210.7mm C/C
Distribution Reinforcement:
It is taken as 0.2% of gross C/S area
pt = 0.2 %
Ast = 1000 mm2 This is for 2 faces
Area on each Face = 500 mm2
Dia. Of Bar Chosen = 8 mm
Spacing = 100.544 mm 100
Provide 8 mm Ø bars @ 100 mm C/C
Provide 8mm Ø bars @100mm C/C

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