GNG 2.

0 By RAJAT ARORA SIR

Chapter- 7
Directing

DAY - 11 GNG 2.O By Rajat Arora

Sir

KEYWORDS –

Directing

Supervision

Motives

Motivation

Incentives

Self actualisation

Leadership

Trait approach

Communication

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Encoding and Decoding

Feedback

Semanticism

Formal communication

Informal communication

Profit sharing

Copartnership

Quality circles

Stock options

Maslow’s need hierarchy theory –

Q 1. Suman works as a project co-ordinator in an export house. Whenever the workload is high,
she is able to convince her team by explaining to them the purpose, providing training and
motivating them with additional rewards so as to be able to win their wholehearted co-
operation. Identify the element of directing being described in the above lines.

a) Supervision
b) Communication
c) Leadership
d) None of these

Q 2. As an employees of an automobile company, Suraj has always been very lazy and evasive.
In order to change his behaviour, his boss decided to give him an incentive. Identify the feature
of motivation being described in the above lines.

a) motivation is an internal feeling.

b) Motivation produces goal-directed behaviour.
c) motivation is a complex process.
d) none of the above

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Q 3. Maslow defines one of the needs in the needs hierarchy as the 'desire to become
everything one is capable of becoming.' What is the need?

a) Security needs
b) Self-actualisation needs
c) Physiological needs
d) None of these

Q 4. Which of the following is not an assumption of Maslow's theory?

a) People's behaviour is not based on their needs

b) Satisfaction of such needs influences their behaviour
c) A satisfied need can no longer motivate a person; only next higher level need can
motivate him
d) A person moves to the next higher level of the hierarchy only when the lower need is
satisfied

Q 5. On joining Kartar Ltd., as Chief Financial Officer, Madhumita was allotted 500 shares of the
company. Identify the type of incentive being described.

a) Perquisites
b) Retirement benefits
c) Co-partnership
d) Pay and allowances

Q 6. On joining Foster Public School as a physical education teacher, Vikram realised that he did
not have any freedom to introduce any changes in the sports activities being carried out in the
school. Identify the incentive which was being ignored by the school.

a) Organisational climate
b) Job security
c) Career advancement opportunities
d) Employee recognition programme

Q 7. XYZ Limited gives due weightage to the perquisites and prestige of job so that the
designation helps to satisfy the physiological, social and esteem needs of an individual. Identify
the type of incentive being described in the above lines.

a) employee empowerment
b) job security
c) status
d) perquisites

Q 8. Kishan works as an Accounts Officer in Fabrications Limited. He also feels very proud of
the fact that he is the incharge of recreation committee in his office. Identify the type of
incentive being offered to Kishan.

a) Career advancement opportunities

b) Employee recognition programme
c) Organisational climate
d) Employee participation

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Q 9. In which kind of communication network, a subordinate is allowed to communicate his
immediate superior as well as his superior's superior?

a) Downward
b) Upward
c) Inverted V
d) Lateral

Q 10. Workers chit-chatting in a canteen about the behaviour of supervisor is ________ type of
communication.

a) formal
b) pure official
c) informal
d) none of these

Q 11. Explain ‘Organisational Climate’ and ‘Job Enrichment’ as a non- financial incentives.

Q 12. Identify and explain the elements of directing mentioned below:

a) Astha, a manager, has the ability to influence others to ring about a change in their
behaviour.
b) Neeraj, a managing director, declares share in the profits to the managers for their
contribution to increase profits of the company.

Q 13. How directing helps in the efficient and effective functioning of the organization? Explain
by giving any three points.s

Q 14. Rahim was working in an enterprise on daily wages basis. It was difficult for him to fulfil
the basic needs of his family. His daughter fell ill. He had no money for his daughter's treatment.
To meet the expenses of her treatment, he participated in a cycle race and won the prize money.
The cycle company offered him a permanent pensionable job which he happily accepted

1. By quoting the lines from the above para identify the needs of Rahim that are satisfied by the
offer of Cycle Company.

2. Also, explain two other needs of Rahim followed by above that are still to be satisfied.

Q 15. Identify and state the various elements of communication highlighted in the following
cases:

a) Department 'A' has sent an encoded message to department 'B' through internet. What
is the role of internet here?
b) Madhur is making gestures so that he can send a message to Ranbhir. What is Madhur
doing here?
c) Ranbhir is trying to understand the message sent by Madhur by reading his gestures.
What is Ranbhir doing here?
d) Kamesh picks up his phone and finds a message on it. He reads the message carefully.
What is the role of Kamesh here?

Q 16. Nitya is a student of class XII of a well-known school. She has a preconceived notion that
her teacher always finds fault in her work. One day while checking the project work of class XII,

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her teacher wanted to appreciate Nitya for her hard work and good performance, but before she
could complete her sentence, Nitya left the room without listening to her teacher.

a) Identify the type of barrier and the category of barrier to which it is related.
b) Explain two other communication barriers of the type/category identified in (a) above.

Q 17. Mr. Pawan Kumar, the CEO of an e-Commerce start up, which was facing the problem
huge employee turnover, decided to hold a meeting with the managers to discuss the is While
addressing the managers in the meeting, he advised them to take certain measures which focus
on psychological, social and emotional factors, in order to motivate employees. Explain any two
such measures discussed by him, when he suggested that job should be made interesting so
that the job itself becomes a source of motivation, employees should be congratulated for good
performance, also, stability regarding future income and work should be provided to employees,
in order to develop a positive attitude among the subordinates.

Q 18. Nishant runs a small dhabba on the Jaipur highway. He is very rigid and follows a strict
policy of punishment like cutting the salary, stopping increments or giving job termination
threats to his workers for any kind of discrepancies in their work. The wages given by him are
much below the minimum wages prescribed by the government. He does not seek advice or
opinions from his workers, as he does not have any confidence on the competence of his
workers. Also, the workers are not willing to offer useful suggestions as they do not expect any
motivation or incentive for taking such initiatives. As a result, the labour turnover is high and his
business has been adversely affected.

In the above context

a) Name and explain the style of leadership adopted by Nikhil.

b) Identify the various human needs of workers that are being overlooked by Nikhil, as per
the Maslow's need hierarchy theory of motivation.
c) Identify the type of communication barrier created by Nikhil due to which the workers
suppress their need to communicate with him.

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Answer Key
Ans 1. c) Leadership

Ans 2. b) motivation produces goal-directed behaviour.

Ans 3. b) Self-actualisation needs

Ans 4. a) People's behaviour is not based on their needs

Ans 5. c) Co-partnership

Ans 6. a) Organisational climate

Ans 7. c) status

Ans 8. d) Employee participation

Ans 9. c) Inverted V

Ans 10. informal

Ans 11. 1) Organizational climate:

• It indicates the characteristics which describe an organization and distinguish one
organization from the other.
• It refers to the relationship between superior and subordinate.
• A positive approach adopted by manager creates better organizational climate
whereas negative approach may spoil the climate.
2) Job enrichment/ assignment of challenging job:
• Employees get bored by performing routine job. They enjoy doing jobs which offer
them variety and opportunities to show their skill.
• By offering challenging jobs, autonomy to perform job, and interesting jobs, employees
get satisfied and they are motivated.
• Job enrichment is concerned with providing the opportunity for personal growth and
meaningful work experience.
Ans 12. a) The element of directing mentioned in point (a) is ‘Leadership’. (Explain)

b) The element of directing mentioned in point (b) is ‘Motivation’. (Explain)

Ans 13. Directing is one of the important functions of management that must to be performed in
every organisation. It refers to the procedure wherein the employees of an organisation are
instructed, motivated and guided to achieve definite goals and objectives. The managers not
only guide the employees on how a particular work is to be done but also keep an eye on
whether their orders are being correctly performed or not. In fact, every step in the organisation
is initiated through directing. The following mention points highlight the significance of directing
in an organisation:

1) Accomplishment of Objectives
2) Addition of efforts
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3) Growth of employees (Explain)

Ans 14. 1) The offer of the company satisfied Rahim's physiological and security needs.
Physiological needs refer to essential requirements for the sustenance of life. These needs are
at the bottom of the hierarchy. These needs are necessary for survival. This can be judged from
the statement given below. 'It was hard for him to fulfil the basic requirements of the family's
security needs relate to physical, security, economic security and well being. For example, an
employee may desire job security, income stability and well being of his health etc. In Rahim's
case, this need is fulfilled because the company offered him a permanent pensionable job with
economic security.

2) Two more needs that still remain to be satisfied are given below:

a) belonging needs:

• It means the need for love, affection, companionship, friendship, etc.

• Once the people satisfy their physiological and safety needs then the social need
become more active and to fulfil the social needs the manager prefers teamwork, and
arranging formal and informal get-together so that employees can develop social
relationships.
b) Esteem needs:
• These needs are related to respect and recognition. When the above three needs get
satisfied then people start demanding respect for themselves in a group.
• This need is more common in higher-level employees. Esteem needs can be satisfied
through non-monetary incentives.
Ans 15. a) Media: It is the path through which encoded message is transmitted to receiver. The
channel maybe in the written form, face to face, phone call, internet.

b) Encoding: It is a process of converting the message into communication symbols like words,
pictures, gestures etc.

c) Decoding: It is a process of converting encoded symbols of the sender.

d) Receiver: The person who receives communication of the sender.

Ans 16. a) Premature Evaluation – Psychological barrier

b) The two other Psychological communication barrier are: (Explain)

i) Lack of attention

ii) Distrust

Ans 17. The two incentive that MR. Pawan Kumar is referring to are outlined below: (Explain)

1) Job enrichment
2) Employee Recognition Programes
3) Job security

Ans 18. a) Autocratic style (Explain)

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b) the various human needs of workers that are being overlooked by Nikhil, as per the Maslow's
need hierarchy theory of motivation are listed below: (Explain)

1) Basic Physiological needs

2) Safety and Security needs

c) Personal barriers

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GNG 2.0 Rajat Arora Sir

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