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Solutions Worksheet 1 - Polynomials

The document contains solutions to various polynomial problems, including calculations of polynomial values, factorization, and the application of algebraic identities. Key problems include finding values based on given equations, checking for factors, and calculating perimeters of geometric shapes based on polynomial expressions. The solutions utilize algebraic techniques and identities to derive results systematically.

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reshmamuraleedharantc
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18 views6 pages

Solutions Worksheet 1 - Polynomials

The document contains solutions to various polynomial problems, including calculations of polynomial values, factorization, and the application of algebraic identities. Key problems include finding values based on given equations, checking for factors, and calculating perimeters of geometric shapes based on polynomial expressions. The solutions utilize algebraic techniques and identities to derive results systematically.

Uploaded by

reshmamuraleedharantc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOLUTIONS - POLYNOMIALS

1.Compute the value of 9x2 + 4y2 if xy = 6 and 3x + 2y = 12


Solution:
Consider the equation 3x + 2y = 12
Now, square both sides:
(3x + 2y)2 = 122
=> 9x2 + 12xy + 4y2 = 144
=>9x2 + 4y2 = 144 – 12xy
From the questions, xy = 6
So,
9x2 + 4y2 = 144 – 72
Thus, the value of 9x2 + 4y2 = 72

2. If a + b + c = 15 and a2 + b2 + c2 = 83, find the value of a3 + b3 +


c3 – 3abc
Solution:
We know that,
a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = (a + b + c)(a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca) ….(i)
(a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + 2bc + 2ca ….(ii)
Given, a + b + c = 15 and a2 + b2 + c2 = 83
From (ii), we have
152 = 83 + 2(ab + bc + ca)
⇒ 225 – 83 = 2(ab + bc + ca)
⇒ 142/2 = ab + bc + ca
⇒ ab + bc + ca = 71
Now, (i) can be written as
a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = (a + b + c)[(a2 + b2 + c2 ) – (ab + bc + ca)]
a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc = 15 × [83 – 71] = 15 × 12 = 180

3. Find the values of a and b so that (2x3 + ax2 + x + b) has (x + 2)


and (2x – 1) as factors
Solution:
Let p(x) = 2x3 + ax2 + x + b. Then, p( –2) = and p(½) = 0.
p(2) = 2(2)3 + a(2)2 + 2 + b = 0
⇒ –16 + 4a – 2 + b = 0 ⇒ 4a + b = 18 ….(i)
p(½) = 2(½)3 + a(½)2 + (½) + b = 0
⇒ a + 4b = –3 ….(ii)
On solving (i) and (ii), we get a = 5 and b = –2.
Hence, a = 5 and b = –2.

4. Check whether (7 + 3x) is a factor of (3x3 + 7x)


Solution:
Let p(x) = 3x3 + 7x and g(x) = 7 + 3x. Now g(x) = 0 ⇒ x = –7/3.
By the remainder theorem, we know that when p(x) is divided by g(x)
then the remainder is p(–7/3).
Now, p(–7/3) = 3(–7/3)3 + 7(–7/3) = –490/9 ≠ 0.
∴ g(x) is not a factor of p(x)

5. Factorise x2 + 1/x2 + 2 – 2x – 2/x


Solution:
x2 + 1/x2 + 2 – 2x – 2/x = (x2 + 1/x2 + 2) – 2(x + 1/x)
= (x + 1/x)2 – 2(x + 1/x)
= (x + 1/x)(x + 1/x – 2

6. Calculate the perimeter of a rectangle whose area is 25x2 – 35x


+ 12
Solution:
Given,
Area of rectangle = 25x2 – 35x + 12
We know, area of rectangle = length × breadth
So, by factoring 25x2 – 35x + 12, the length and breadth can be
obtained.
25x2 – 35x + 12 = 25x2 – 15x – 20x + 12
=> 25x2 – 35x + 12 = 5x(5x – 3) – 4(5x – 3)
=> 25x2 – 35x + 12 = (5x – 3)(5x – 4)
So, the length and breadth are (5x – 3)(5x – 4).
Now, perimeter = 2(length + breadth)
So, perimeter of the rectangle = 2[(5x – 3)+(5x – 4)]
= 2(5x – 3 + 5x – 4) = 2(10x – 7) = 20x – 14
So, the perimeter = 20x – 14

7. If (x – 1/x) = 4, then evaluate (x2 + 1/x2) and (x4 + 1/x4)


Solution:
Given, (x – 1/x) = 4
Squaring both sides we get,
(x – 1/x)2 = 16
⇒ x2 – 2.x.1/x + 1/x2 = 16
⇒ x2 – 2 + 1/x2 = 16
⇒ x2 + 1/x2 = 16 + 2 = 18
∴ (x2 + 1/x2) = 18 ….(i)
Again, squaring both sides of (i), we get
(x2 + 1/x2)2 = 324
⇒ x4 + 2.x2.1/x2 + 1/x4 = 324
⇒ x4 + 2 + 1/x4 = 324
⇒ x4 + 1/x4 = 324 – 2 = 322
∴ (x4 + 1/x4) = 322
8. Find the value of x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz if x2 + y2 + z2 = 83 and x + y
+ z = 15
Solution:
Consider the equation x + y + z = 15
From algebraic identities, we know that (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 +
2(ab + bc + ca)
So,
(x + y + z)2 = x2 + y2 + z2 + 2(xy + yz + xz)
From the question, x2 + y2 + z2 = 83 and x + y + z = 15
So,
152 = 83 + 2(xy + yz + xz)
=> 225 – 83 = 2(xy + yz + xz)
Or, xy + yz + xz = 142/2 = 71
Using algebraic identity a³ + b³ + c³ – 3abc = (a + b + c)(a² + b² + c² –
ab – bc – ca),
x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = (x + y + z)(x² + y² + z² – (xy + yz + xz))
Now,
x + y + z = 15, x² + y² + z² = 83 and xy + yz + xz = 71
So, x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = 15(83 – 71)
=> x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = 15 × 12
Or, x3 + y3 + z3 – 3xyz = 180
9. Find the value of the polynomial 5x – 4x2 + 3 at x = 2 and x = –1

Solution:
Let the polynomial be f(x) = 5x – 4x2 + 3
Now, for x = 2,
f(2) = 5(2) – 4(2)2 + 3
=> f(2) = 10 – 16 + 3 = –3
Or, the value of the polynomial 5x – 4x2 + 3 at x = 2 is -3.
Similarly, for x = –1,
f(–1) = 5(–1) – 4(–1)2 + 3
=> f(–1) = –5 –4 + 3 = -6
The value of the polynomial 5x – 4x2 + 3 at x = -1 is -6

10. Factorise x2 – 1 – 2a – a2
Solution:
x2 – 1 – 2a – a2 = x2 – (1 + 2a + a2)
= x2 – (1 + a)2
= [x – (1 – a)][x + 1 + a]
= (x – 1 – a)(x + 1 + a)
∴ x2 – 1 – 2a – a2 = (x – 1 – a)(x + 1 + a)

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