Index

1 PVC pressure PVC pipe operating pressure

2 PVC dim Standard dimensions and weight of PVC - Polyvinyl Chlori
Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride - pipes according ASTM D1
ASTM D1785 "Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chlori
Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120"
3 Equation Standard abbreviated equation (use of outside diameter)
4 P_op. ISO Operating pressures, using ISO equation (Plastics Pipe In
5 P_op. ASTM Difference between ASTM and ISO pressure rating metho
6 P_op & Expansion LoopsOperation presssure according ASTM, thermal expansion
7 Surge for PE pipes Occasional surge pressures & Negative pressures for PE
8 PVC Data Material data. Physical properties of rigid PVC and CPVC
 Rev. cjc. 11.08.2016

To show hidden sheets, right click on any

eight of PVC - Polyvinyl Chloride - and CPVC - sheet tab and select the sheet you want to display.

e - pipes according ASTM D1785

cification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
80, and 120"
on (use of outside diameter)
SO equation (Plastics Pipe Institute)
nd ISO pressure rating methods
ng ASTM, thermal expansion and expansion loops.
& Negative pressures for PE pipes
erties of rigid PVC and CPVC thermoplastic materials
you want to display.
Pressure rating for PVC pipes

Pressure rating for a PVC 1120 pipe Temperature correction

Example, according PPI [5] For temperatures greater than 23 °C, a

De-Rating Factor (DRF) shall be applied.
Material PVC 1120
dn = 2 in From [2]
sch = 80 - Operating De-Rating
Temp Factor
Pipe dimensions t DRF
de = Pipe_Imp_PVC_Dext_dn °C -
de = #NAME? mm 22.8 1
s= Pipe_Imp_PVC_Thickness_dn_sch 26.7 0.88
s= #NAME? mm 32.2 0.75
37.8 0.62
For PVC 1120 43.3 0.51
Table of HDB [4] 48.9 0.4
Hydrostatic Design Basis 54.4 0.31
sb = 4000 psi 60 0.22

Design factor forwater at 23 ºC [5]

t= 23 °C As an example, let
DF = 0.5 t= 32
Value of DRF estimated from above table
Hydrostatic Design Stress (HDS = s) DRF = 0.75
s= sb * DF
sb = 4000 psi The temperature corrected pressure
DF = 0.5 rating is
s = 2000 psi PRcorrected = PR * DRF
s = 137.9 bar PR = #NAME?
DR = 0.75
Pressure rating [3] PRcorrected = #NAME?
PR = 2 * s * (s/d)
s = 137.9 bar
s= #NAME? mm
d= #NAME? mm
PR = #NAME? bar
es greater than 23 °C, a
or (DRF) shall be applied.

Hydrostatic Design Stress (HDS = s)

s= sb * DF
sb : Hydrostatic Design Basis [4]
DF:Design factor forwater at 23 ºC [5]

Pressure rating
ºC PR = 2 * s * (s/d)
mated from above table s: pipe thickness
d: exterior pipe diameter s/d =
PR = 2 *sb * DF * (s/d)
e corrected pressure PR = 2 * HDB * DF * (s/d)
PR = 2 * HDB * DF / SDR
(See sheet 3. Equation for use of outside diameter
bar instead of the average diameter)

bar HDB: Hydrostatic Design Basis (sb)

HDS: Hydrostatic Design Stress (s)
PR: Pressure Rating
DRF: De-Rating Factor
DF : Design Factor
PRcorrected : By temperature corrected pressure rating
 Rev. cjc. 11.08.2016

dn
0.5
0.75
1
1.25
1.5
2
2.5
3
4
5
6
8
10
12
14
16

sch
40
80
120

1 / SDR
PVC pipe operating pressure Pipe

PVC piping pressure ratings are determined using

material ratings by ASTM and PPI (Plastic Pipe Dimensions of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and
Institute) standards and requirements

Pipe pressure ratings are calculated using the Dimensions in Imperial units
ISO equation
Nominal Outside
Pipe Size Diameter
(inches) (inches)
1/2 0.84
where 3/4 1.05
PR : Pressure rating (Mpa) 1 1.315
s : Hydrostatic Design Stress (also HDS) (Mpa) 1 1/4 1.66
t : Minimum wall thicknes (mm) 1 1/2 1.9
d : Outside pipe diameter (mm) 2 2.375
2 1/2 2.875
The hydrostatic design stress is calculated as 3 3.5
4 4.5
5 5.563
6 6.625
where 8 8.625
DF : Design factor 10 10.75
sb : Hydrostatic design basis (also HDB) (Mpa) 12 12.75
14 14
The design factor (also designed as service factor) for 16 16
most PVC pipe, with water (tmax = 23 °C) as fluid, is
DF = 0.5
Note 1
ASTM D1785 "Standard Specification for Po
 Pipe dimensions of PVC and CPVC pipes, shedule 40 and 80

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) and Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (CPVC) are defined in ASTM D1785 (Note 1)

mensions in Imperial units Dimensions in SI units

Sch 40 Sch 80 Sch 40 Sch 80
Minimum Minimum Nominal Outside Minimum Minimum
Thickness Thickness Pipe Size Diameter Thickness Thickness
(inches) (inches) in mm mm mm
0.109 0.147 1/2 21.3 2.8 3.7
0.113 0.154 3/4 26.7 2.9 3.9
0.133 0.179 1 33.4 3.4 4.5
0.14 0.191 1 1/4 42.2 3.6 4.9
0.145 0.2 1 1/2 48.3 3.7 5.1
0.154 0.218 2 60.3 3.9 5.5
0.203 0.276 2 1/2 73.0 5.2 7.0
0.216 0.3 3 88.9 5.5 7.6
0.237 0.337 4 114.3 6.0 8.6
0.258 0.375 5 141.3 6.6 9.5
0.28 0.432 6 168.3 7.1 11.0
0.322 0.5 8 219.1 8.2 12.7
0.365 0.593 10 273.1 9.3 15.1
0.406 0.687 12 323.8 10.3 17.4
0.438 0.75 14 355.6 11.1 19.0
0.5 0.843 16 406.4 12.7 21.4

Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120"
 Rev. cjc. 11.08.2016

785 (Note 1)
TR-4
TABLE I.A.1 - PVC 1120 MATERIALS1
The following materials carry a recommended HDB of 4,000 psi and a maximum
recommended HDS of 2,000 psi at 73°F (23°C) for water.

Polyethylene Pipes (PE)

Pressure rating for liquid flow surge
pressurer

Plastic Pipe Insitute recommendation [7]

PE pipes can safely tolerate the

 Pipe expansion. See expansion loops [6]
or liquid flow surge
The expansion coefficient from PVC is
l = 0.000054
itute recommendation [7]
Application for
afely tolerate the L= 91
m / (ºC * m)

m
commonly observed maximum peak
temporary surge pressure of twice the
steady state condition.

Long-term strength of PE pipes is not

adversely affected by repeated cyclic
load. Thus, PE pipes are very fatigue
resistant.
erved maximum peak Dt = 42
ge pressure of twice the
DL = L * l * Dt
L= 91
ngth of PE pipes is not l = 0.000054
ted by repeated cyclic Dt = 42
pipes are very fatigue DL = 0.20574
DL = 206
ºC

m
m / (ºC * m)
ºC
m
mm
[2] PVC and CPVC Pipes - Schedule 40 & 80

http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/pvc-cpvc-pipes-dimensions-d_795.html

Standard dimensions and weight of PVC - Polyvinyl Chloride - and CPVC - Chlorinated Polyvin

Sponsored Links

ASTM D1785 "Standard Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120"
commercial and residential piping systems.

Typical weight and dimensions of PVC and CPVC pipes are indicated in the table below.

Insert PVC and CPVC pipes in Sketchup 3D models with the Engineering ToolBox Plugin!

Note! The dimensions are valid for CPVC Industrial Pipe - not tubing according ASTM D2846 / D2846M "Stan
Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems"

PVC and CPVC Pipes - Schedule 40

Minimum Nominal
Nominal Outside
Wall Inside Weight
Pipe Size Diameter
Thickness Diameter
(inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (lb/ft)
PVC CPVC
1/2 0.84 0.109 0.622 0.16 0.17
3/4 1.05 0.113 0.824 0.21 0.23
1 1.315 0.133 1.049 0.32 0.34
1 1/4 1.66 0.14 1.38 0.43 0.46
1 1/2 1.9 0.145 1.61 0.51 0.55
2 2.375 0.154 2.067 0.68 0.74
2 1/2 2.875 0.203 2.469 1.07 1.18
3 3.5 0.216 3.068 1.41 1.54
4 4.5 0.237 4.026 2.01 2.2
5 5.563 0.258 5.047 2.73
6 6.625 0.28 6.065 3.53 3.86
8 8.625 0.322 7.981 5.39 5.81
VC - Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride - pipes according ASTM D1785

Schedules 40, 80, and 120" is manufactured to meet the needs of a broad range of industrial,

Poly Vynil Chloride (PVC)

Chlorinated Poly Vynil Chloride (CPVC)

ASTM D2846 / D2846M "Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC)

PVC and CPVC Pipes - Schedule 80

Minimum Nominal
Nominal Outside
Wall Inside Weight
Pipe Size Diameter
Thickness Diameter
(inches) (inches) (inches) (inches) (lb/ft)
PVC CPVC
1/2 0.84 0.147 0.546 0.2 0.22
3/4 1.05 0.154 0.742 0.27 0.3
1 1.315 0.179 0.957 0.41 0.44
1 1/4 1.66 0.191 1.278 0.52 0.61
1 1/2 1.9 0.2 1.5 0.67 0.74
2 2.375 0.218 1.939 0.95 1.02
2 1/2 2.875 0.276 2.323 1.45 1.56
3 3.5 0.3 2.9 1.94 2.09
4 4.5 0.337 3.826 2.75 3.05
5 5.563 0.375 4.813 3.87
6 6.625 0.432 5.761 5.42 5.82
8 8.625 0.5 7.625 8.05 8.83
 10 10.75 0.365 10.02 7.55 8.24
12 12.75 0.406 11.938 10.01 10.89
14 14 0.438 13.124 11.8
16 16 0.5 15 15.43

1 lb = 0.4536 kg
1 ft (foot) = 0.3048 m
1 in (inch) = 25.4 mm

PVC - Polyvinyl Chloride

strong and rigid

resistant to a variety of acids and bases
may be damaged by some solvents and chlorinated hydrocarbons
maximum usable temperature 140oF (60oC)
usable for water, gas and drainage systems
not useable in hot water systems

Operating Operating De-Rating

Temp (°F) Temp (°C) Factor
73 22.8 1
80 26.7 0.88
90 32.2 0.75
100 37.8 0.62
110 43.3 0.51
120 48.9 0.4
130 54.4 0.31
140 60 0.22

CPVC - Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride

similar to PVC - but designed for water up to approx. 180oF (82oC)

Operating Operating De-Rating

Temp (°F) Temp (°C) Factor
73 - 80 22.8 - 26.7 1
90 32.2 0.91
100 37.8 0.82
110 43.3 0.72
120 48.9 0.65
130 54.4 0.57
140 60 0.5
150 65.6 0.42
160 71.1 0.4
10 10.75 0.593 9.564 12 13.09
12 12.75 0.687 11.376 16.5 18
14 14 0.75 12.5 19.3
16 16 0.843 14.314 25.44
170 76.7 0.29
180 82.2 0.25
200 93.3 0.2
[3]
[4] http://plasticpipe.org/pdf/tr-4-2008a.pdf

PPI. Thechnical Report TR-4/2008a

PPI. Thechnical Report TR-4/2008a
PI. Thechnical Report TR-4/2008a
[5] tn-28_pressure_differences_between_iso_astm.pdf
 PR = 2 * HDB * DF * (s/d)

dave = (d+di)/2
(d+di)/2 = (d+(d-2s))/2
(d+di)/2 = (2*d - 2*s)/2
(d+di)/2 = d-s
dave = d-s
* HDB * DF * (s/d)
ASTM example
www.plasticpipe.org
P= DF * 2 * HDB / (SDR - 1) )
P: Pressure rating PPI TR-4
DF : Design Factor
HDB : Hydrostatic Design Basis (Note 1)
SDR : Standar Dimensions Ratio

The dersign factor, water applications at 23 ºC, shall be taken as

DF = 0.5

Note 1
HDB is a Long term strength value developed by testing in accordance with ASTM D 2837
These values are lisyed in the PPI TR-4 and published at www.plasticpipe.org
PR: Pressure Rating
The estimated maximum pressure that the medium in the pipe can exert continuo
with a high degree of certainty that failure of thepipe will not occur.
PPI TR-4
 SDR - 1 = d/s - 1
SDR - 1 = d/s - s/s
SDR - 1 = (d-s) / s
1/(SDR-1) = s / (d-s)
1/(SDR-1) = s / dave

P= 2 * HDB / (SDR - 1) * DF
PE 3408
HDB = 1600 psi
SDR = 11 -
DF = 0.5 -
P= 160 psi

Where SDR standard abbreviation is

SDR = de / s
See Ref. 3

he pipe can exert continuously

l not occur.

ASTM equation

PR: Pressure rating

HDB: Hydrostatic Design Basis
DF:Design Factor
for water at 23 ºC, F = 0.5
SDR:Standard Dimernsion Ratio
SDR = de / s
de: exterior diameter
s: pipe thickness
 Design factor for water at 23 ºC
DF = 0.5

From PPI TR-4

PE 3408

PE 3408 According ASTM 1600 nomenclature

Grade 34
Density cell class 3
Slow crack growth class 4 (Acc. ASTM D 3350)
Hydrostatic Design Stres HDS = 800 psi
Hydrostatic Design Basis HDB = 1600 psi (Test data)
Design Factor for water at 23 ºC
DF = 0.5
 P= 2 * HDB / (SDR - 1) * DF
PE 3408
HDB = 1600 psi
SDR = 11 -
DF = 0.5 -
P= 160 psi

HDS = HDB * DF
HDB = 1600 psi
DF = 0.5 -
HDS = 800 psi

P= 2 * HDS / (SDR - 1)

Design factor forwater at 23 ºC

PPI TR-4, page 14
 Test data For water @ 23 ºC
HDB HDS
psi psi
DF = 0.5
CPVC 4120 4000 2000

POM 21110 2000 1000

PE 3408 1600 800

[6]
 s : hoop stress. This value
is used as the Hydrostatic
Design Basis "HDB"

HDB : Htdrostatic Design Basis.

Values published by de

P : Pressure rating (Mpa)

s : Hydrostatic design stress (Mpa)
t : Minimum wall thicknes (mm)
d : Mean diameter (mm)

DF : Service Design Factor

sb : Hydrostatic design basis (Mpa)

For water at 23 ºC, the PPI recommends

DF = 0.5
1.20

1.00

0.80
Column N
0.60 Column O

0.40

0.20

0.00
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70

CF = 0.00024*M127^2 - 0.04175*M127+1.864

t
ºC
24 1.00 1.00
27 0.90 0.91
32 0.75 0.77
38 0.62 0.62
43 0.50 0.51
46 0.45 0.45
49 0.40 0.39
52 0.35 0.34
54 0.30 0.31
60 0.22 0.22
66 0.15 0.15
2 - 0.04175*M127+1.864
Example

From Table
y= 0.36 in / (101F * 100 ft)
y= 0.036 in / (ºF * 100 ft)
y= 0.00036 in / (ºF * ft)

DL = L * l * Dt
L= 300 ft
Dt = 75 ºF
l = 0.00036 in / (ºF * ft)
DL = 8.1 in

y= 0.00036 in / (ºF * ft)

y= 0.009144 mm / (ºF * ft)
y= 0.0164592 mm / (ºC * ft)
y= 0.054 mm / (ºC * m)
l = 0.000054 m / (ºC * m)

Example
DL = L * l * Dt
L= 91.44 m
 (101F * 100 ft)
(ºF * 100 ft)

m / (ºC * m)
 l = 0.000054 m / (ºC * m)
Dt = 41.7 ºC
DL = 0.20574 m
DL = 205.74 mm
DL = 8.1 in

Using Eq. 2.5

Expansion loop Expansion loop length "L"
 L= 3.5 * ( de * dL )^0.5
de = 10 in
dl = 0.675 ft
L= 9.1 ft
L= 2.8 m

Equation [2.5] gives too large values

There is no deduction nor a reference
for this equation.

See calculation below using a checked equation.

xpansion loop length "L"

Length "L"
L= 0.378 * ( (3 * E * d * DL) / (sadm) )^0.5
E= 2.96E+09 Pa
d= 0.25 m
DL = 0.206 m
sadm = 4.96E+07 Pa
L= 1.1 m
W= 0.6 m
Ref. www.piping-tools.net, file Expansion_Loop

PVC
Modulus of elasticity @ 23 ºC Expansion
E= 4.3E+05 psi DL = L * l * Dt
E= 3.0E+06 kPa L= 91.44
l = 0.000054
Tensile strength @ 23 ºC Dt = 41.7
s= 7200 psi DL = 0.20574
s= 5.0E+04 kPa
 L=

Rev. Cjc, 22,01,2013

m
m / (ºC * m)
ºC
m
[8]
PVC data
http://www.us.piping.georgefischer.com/go/0B9970F6199943D441223A15E88988AB?action=GF_DocumentD
8AB?action=GF_DocumentDownload&doc_uuid=0B9970F6199943D441223A15E88988AB

Tensile strength @ 23 ºC
s= 7200 psi
s= 5.0E+04 kPa

Modulus of elesticity @ 23 ºC
E= 4.3E+05 psi
E= 3.0E+06 kPa
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
2 PVC and CPVC
3 Dimensions according ASTM D1785
4
5 PVC pipe dimensions
6 Sch 40 Sch 80 Sch 120
7 NPS de s s s
8 in mm mm mm mm
9 0.5 21.34 2.77 3.73 4.32 1.0 0.5
10 0.75 26.67 2.87 3.91 4.32 2.0 0.75
11 1 33.40 3.38 4.55 5.08 3.0 1
12 1.25 42.16 3.56 4.85 5.46 4.0 1.25
13 1.5 48.26 3.68 5.08 5.72 5.0 1.5
14 2 60.33 3.91 5.54 6.35 6.0 2
15 2.5 73.03 5.16 7.01 7.62 7.0 2.5
16 3 88.90 5.49 7.62 8.89 8.0 3
17 4 114.30 6.02 8.56 11.10 9.0 4
18 5 141.30 6.55 9.53 NA 10.0 5
19 6 168.28 7.11 10.97 14.27 11.0 6
20 8 219.08 8.18 12.70 18.24 12.0 8
21 10 273.05 9.27 15.06 NA 13.0 10
22 12 323.85 10.31 17.45 NA 14.0 12
23 14 355.60 11.13 19.05 NA 15.0 14
24 16 406.40 12.70 21.41 NA 16.0 16

Dimensions
PVC Schedule 120 pipe shall be manufactured in strict accordance to the requirements of ASTM D1785 f
http://www.harvel.com/technical-support-center/product-specifications/pvc-pipe-schedule-120
Schedule 120
OD
Nom. Pipe Max. W.P.
O.D. Average I.D. Min. Wall Nom. Wt./Ft. mm
Size (in) PSI**
9 1/2" 0.84 0.48 0.17 0.236 1010 21.34
10 3/4" 1.05 0.69 0.17 0.311 770 26.67
11 1" 1.315 0.891 0.2 0.464 720 33.40
12 1-1/4" 1.66 1.204 0.215 0.649 600 42.16
13 1-1/2" 1.9 1.423 0.225 0.787 540 48.26
14 2" 2.375 1.845 0.25 1.111 470 60.32
15 2-1/2" 2.875 2.239 0.3 1.615 470 73.02
16 3" 3.5 2.758 0.35 2.306 440 88.90
17 4" 4.5 3.574 0.437 3.713 430 114.30
18
19 6" 6.625 5.434 0.562 7.132 370 168.27
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 14 16

dn (in: 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16. Sch: 40, 80, 120

40, 80, 120

ments of ASTM D1785 for physical dimensions and tolerances

hedule-120

s
mm
4.318
4.318
5.08
5.461
5.715
6.35
7.62
8.89
11.0998

14.2748
h: 40, 80, 120
20 8" 8.625 7.189 0.718 11.277 380 219.08
18.2372

80
NPS de s
in in in
1/2 0.84 0.15
3/4 1.05 0.15
1 1.32 0.18

### 1.66 0.19

### 1.9 0.2

2 2.38 0.22

### 2.88 0.28

3 3.5 0.3
 4 4.5 0.34
5 5.56 0.38
6 6.63 0.43
8 8.63 0.5
10 11 0.59
12 13 0.69
14 14 0.75
16 16 0.84
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[2] http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/pvc-cpvc-pipes-dimensions-d_795.html

[3] https://www.google.cl/?gws_rd=ssl#q=ASTM+standard+dimension+ratio
PDF]Chapter 5 - Standard Specifications, Standad Test Methods and ...

https://plasticpipe.org/pdf/chapter05.pdf
methods and codes including those issued by ASTM International. (

[4] http://plasticpipe.org/pdf/tr-4-2008a.pdf

PPI. Thechnical Report TR-4/2008a

[5] http://plasticpipe.org/pdf/tn-28_pressure_differences_between_iso_astm.pdf

[6]
ensions-d_795.html

+dimension+ratio

ernational. (ASTM), American ..... Standard Dimension Ratio (SDR), for a standard Do/t dimension ratio.

n_iso_astm.pdf
mension ratio.
 http://books.google.cl/books?id=rZl6rYd89qoC&printsec=frontcover&hl=es#v=onepage&q

[7]

http://www.plasticpipe.org/pdf/chapter06.pdf
Design of PE Piping Systems
Chapter 6, page 161

[8] PVC data

http://www.us.piping.georgefischer.com/go/0B9970F6199943D441223A15E88988AB?act
c=frontcover&hl=es#v=onepage&q&f=false

99943D441223A15E88988AB?action=GF_DocumentDownload&doc_uuid=0B9970F6199943D441223A15E88988AB
3D441223A15E88988AB