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Software Development Life Cycle

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Software Development Life Cycle

Uploaded by

salihsami79
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

Class Notes
What is the SDLC?

The Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a framework defining


the stages involved in developing software, from initial planning to
deployment and maintenance. It provides a structured approach to
software development, ensuring quality, efficiency, and maintainability.
Different models exist, each with its own variations, but they generally
share core stages. Understanding the SDLC is crucial for successful
software projects.

Common SDLC Stages:

1. Planning/Requirements Gathering: This initial stage focuses on


defining the software's purpose, functionality, and constraints
based on user needs and business requirements. It involves:
o Feasibility Study: Determining if the project is viable

technically, economically, and operationally.


o Requirements Elicitation: Gathering requirements from

stakeholders (users, clients, etc.) through interviews, surveys,


workshops, and document analysis.
o Requirements Specification: Documenting the gathered

requirements in a clear, concise, and unambiguous manner.


This often involves creating use cases, user stories, and
prototypes.
2. Design: This stage translates the requirements into a plan for the
software's architecture, components, and interfaces. It involves:
o Architectural Design: Defining the overall structure of the
software, including its components and their interactions.
o Detailed Design: Specifying the internal design of individual

components, including algorithms, data structures, and


interfaces.
o UI/UX Design: Designing the user interface and user

experience, focusing on usability and aesthetics. This often


involves creating wireframes, mockups, and prototypes.
3. Implementation (Coding): This stage involves writing the actual
code based on the design specifications. It requires:
o Choosing appropriate programming languages, tools, and

frameworks.
o Adhering to coding standards and best practices.

o Writing clean, well-documented, and maintainable code.

o Integrating components and modules.

4. Testing: This crucial stage verifies that the software meets the
requirements and is free of defects. It encompasses various types
of testing:
o Unit Testing: Testing individual components or modules in

isolation.
o Integration Testing: Testing the interactions between

different components.
o System Testing: Testing the entire system as a whole.

o User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Testing the software with

end-users to ensure it meets their needs.


o Performance Testing: Evaluating the software's

performance under different load conditions.


o Security Testing: Identifying and addressing security

vulnerabilities.
5. Deployment: This stage involves releasing the software to users or
putting it into production. It may include:
o Setting up the production environment.

o Migrating data from the development environment to the

production environment.
o Training users on how to use the software.

o Releasing the software to app stores or deploying it to

servers.
6. Maintenance: This ongoing stage involves fixing bugs, adding
new features, and adapting the software to changing requirements.
It can be a significant part of the software lifecycle and includes:
o Corrective Maintenance: Fixing bugs and errors.

o Adaptive Maintenance: Modifying the software to adapt to

changes in the environment (e.g., new operating systems,


hardware).
o Perfective Maintenance: Adding new features and

improving the software's performance.


o Preventive Maintenance: Making changes to improve the

software's maintainability and prevent future problems.

Software Development Models:

Different models provide varying approaches to the SDLC:

 Waterfall: A linear, sequential approach. Each stage is completed


before moving to the next. Simple but inflexible to changes.
 Agile: An iterative and incremental approach. Focuses on frequent
releases and customer feedback. More flexible and adaptable to
change. Scrum and Kanban are popular Agile frameworks.
 Spiral: A risk-driven approach. Combines elements of waterfall
and iterative models, with a focus on risk management.
 DevOps: A set of practices that combines software development
(Dev) and IT operations (Ops). Aims to shorten the SDLC and
provide continuous delivery.

Importance of the SDLC:

 Structured Approach: Provides a systematic and organized way


to develop software.
 Improved Quality: Helps ensure that the software meets
requirements and is free of defects.
 Reduced Costs: Helps control development costs by identifying
and addressing issues early.
 Enhanced Maintainability: Makes software easier to maintain
and evolve over time.
 Better Communication: Facilitates communication between
stakeholders (developers, clients, users).

Further Study:

The SDLC is a fundamental concept in software engineering. Further


study should include exploring different SDLC models in detail,
understanding the various activities involved in each stage, and learning
about best practices for software development. Consider focusing on a
specific SDLC model that aligns with your interests (e.g., Agile).
Practical experience through software development projects is crucial
for mastering the SDLC.

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