COMP 106 – Applications Development and Emerging Technologies

Module 1

TITLE: OVERVIEW OF SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE TECHNOLOGIES

OVERVIEW:

The field of Information technology has been changing rapidly since it started. It is
essential for the students to understand the pace of change, what the trends are, and the concepts
and knowledge frameworks about technologies emerge and, in some cases, become viable and
successful parts of IT in the real world. Along with this, the students need to be familiar with
innovation and creativity as drivers of emerging technologies.

This module lets the students to understand the tremendous impact of emerging
technologies, the business and government settings and frameworks for them, and how some
examples of technologies have been and are being thought up, develop, marketed and
implemented in the real world. Introduction to Android App programming will also be discussed
here since the focus of the course is to learn mobile application development using Android.

TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT:

Any gadget that can read documents (pdf files, video files)

CONTENT OUTLINE:

• What is Technology
• Types of Technology
• Emerging Technologies
• Introduction to Android App programming

OBJECTIVES

At the end of this module, you should be able to:

• Describe in your own words and evaluate the role of technology on changing society
• Examine and evaluate emerging technologies such as advanced broadband,
nanotechnology, visualization, internet of things, mobile communications, data mining,
analytics, social media, robotics, wearables and online education.
COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

• Recognize the impact of current trends in computing on our life.

• Visualize the advances in computing that will take place in the future
• Give the importance of Android App Programming thru Examples
• Discuss the Timeline of Android in terms of its significant events and major development

LEARNING CONTENT

What is a Technology?
• Technology is the practical application of knowledge especially in a particular area.
(https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/technology)
• Technology refers to the set of knowledge, skills, experience, and techniques through
which human change, transform and use environment in order to create tools, machines,
products, and services that meet our needs and desires.
(http://what-is.info/what-is-technology.html)

Types of Technology
1. Communication Technology
A System that uses technical means to transmit information or data from one place or
person to another
2. Construction Technology
The study of advanced methods and equipment used to build both advanced and basic
buildings and structures.
3. Product Technology
Product technology is the understanding of specifications and characteristics of a service
or product created as per the needs of the market and manufacturing processes. It is the
specific technology used by the manufacturer of the service or product, its manpower,
standards, materials, design specifications, procedures and methods.
4. Medical Technology
Medical technology is a vast field in which innovation has played a significant role in
sustaining human health by helping in reducing the pain and speeding up the recovery
process. It comprises areas like pharmaceuticals and biotechnology to utilize the best
possible medical equipment for researching, diagnosing and treating diseases and
infections.
5. Architecture Technology
This type of technology is the application of modern technology for designing buildings.
Architecture technology is the component of building and architecture engineering and is
often referred to as its sub-category or distinct discipline.
6. Business Technology
Business technology is the application of information, engineering, data and science for
businesses related purposes like achieving organizational and economic goals.
7. Educational Technology
It aims at enhancing the performance of students by managing and establishing different
technological resources and processes in a classroom or any learning environment.

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

8. Information Technology
A set of hardware and software tools used to store, transfer, and process information.
9. Space Technology
This technology is developed by the aerospace industry or space science to utilize in
space exploration, satellites, and spaceflights.
10. Artificial Intelligence (AI)
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is also called machine intelligence. It is the intelligence the
machines demonstrate, contrasting to the natural intelligence demonstrated by animals
and humans.
11. Robotics Technology
It is the utilization of machines, construction, operation, and designing robots for
performing tasks that were done by humans. It also uses different computer systems for
information processing, sensory feedback and to control.
12. Superintelligence
Superintelligence is the technology which demonstrates intelligence that surpasses even
the smartest and most gifted minds of humans. It can also be referred to problem-solving
systems like engineering assistants and super intelligent language, doesn’t matter if these
enhanced intellectual competencies are embedded in agents acting in the real world
13. Agriculture Technology
This technology refers to the technologies for machine production that are utilized on a
farm.
14. Assistive Technology
It is used by people with disabilities to accomplish specific tasks that are difficult or
impossible to perform.
15. Operation Technology
This technology is a category of software and hardware which controls and monitors the
ways in which the physical devices perform.
16. Entertainment Technology
It is the utilization of modern technology to create or enhance the entertainment
experience.
(Source: https://whatchawearing.com/types-of-technology)

Emerging Technologies
Emerging technologies are technologies whose development, practical applications, or both are
still largely unrealized, such that they are figuratively emerging into prominence from a
background of nonexistence or obscurity. These are those technical innovations which represent
progressive developments within a field for competitive advantage; converging technologies
represent previously distinct fields which are in some way moving towards stronger inter-
connection and similar goals.
The following are examples of Emerging Technologies
(https://www.comptia.org/content/infographic/2020-emerging-technology-top-10-list)
• Artificial Intelligence (AI)

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

AI refers to the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to

think like humans and mimic their actions. It is a programmed algorithm that automatically
parse and apply knowledge.

• 5G
5G is the 5th generation mobile network. It is a wireless standard network designed to
connect virtually everyone and everything together including machines, objects, and
devices.
5G wireless technology is meant to deliver higher multi-Gbps peak data speeds, ultra-
low latency, more reliability, massive network capacity, increased availability, and a more
uniform user experience to more users. Higher performance and improved efficiency
empower new user experiences and connects new industries.

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

• Internet of Things (IoT)

A system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects,
animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers and the ability to transfer data
over a network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-computer interaction.

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

• Serverless Computing
Serverless Computing, also known as Serverless architecture or Function as a Service
(FaaS), is a cloud computing model that allows users to develop, run, and manage
applications over the cloud. The cloud service provider takes the responsibility to
manage the application servers thus the person who develops the software has no role
in managing the application servers. FaaS offers a consumption-based platform, allowing
developers to quickly and cost effectively deploy applications.

• Biometrics
Biometrics are physical or behavioral characteristic that can be used to digitally identify
a person to grant access to systems, devices, or data.

• Augmented Reality / Virtual Reality

Augmented Reality overlays digital content and information onto the physical world –
as if they’re actually there with you, in your own space. It is a perfect blend of the digital
world and the physical elements to create an artificial environment. Virtual Reality is a
computer-generated simulation of an alternate world or reality. It can bring you
anywhere, helping you learn about different places and ideas by experiencing as if you
were actually there.

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

• Blockchain
The blockchain is an incorruptible digital ledger of economic transactions that can be
programmed to record not just financial transactions but virtually everything of value.” It
solves the growing need to secure and manage transactions across the internet, as it
provides a flexible alternative to centrally managed record keeping.

• Robotics
Robotics is an interdisciplinary sector of science and engineering dedicated to the
design, construction, and use of mechanical robots. Robotics are shifting from industrial
to service delivery and have the potential to create change impacting our homes and
business physically and virtually.

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

• Natural Language Processing

Natural language processing (NLP) is a field of AI that enables computers to analyze
and understand human language. Speech-to-text converts human language to a
programming language, and text-to-speech converts a computer operation to audible
response.

• Quantum Computing
Quantum computing is an area of computing focused on developing computer
technology based on the principles of quantum theory, which explains the behavior of
energy and material on the atomic and subatomic levels. The basis of quantum
computing is the Qubit which can be either 0 or 1 or a superposition of both 0 and 1.
Quantum Computing is the engine that will drive our ability to process and analyze big
data and will be the key to leveraging machine learning and the power of AI.

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

Introduction to Mobile App Programming Using Android

• What is Android
Android is a free and open operating system from Google that runs on all kinds of
devices from phones, to tablets and even televisions. Android was built using
Linux(version 2.6) at its core, and the philosophy was simple: Make a powerful mobile
operating system that is free and open-source

• Android Architecture
Android architecture components are a collection of libraries that help you design robust,
testable, and maintainable apps.

• Android Timeline
▪ In 2003, Android Inc. is established by once-upon-a-time staffer Andy Rubin and
Rich Milner.
▪ In 2005, the original company was acquired by Google. They decide to use Linux
as the basis for the Android OS.
▪ In 2007, Google led the formation of Open Handset Alliance, It is a group of
handset manufacturers, wireless carriers, and software developers. It was in
November, 2007 when they released the Google Android SDK.
▪ Since its release, Android has received several version updates, all code-named
after desserts (with the exception of Android 1.1 released in February 2009, which
is irrelevant nowadays). Each version of the Android platform has added new
functionality that is relevant, in one way or another

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

Open Handset Alliance

• Android version, name and API level

(source: https://www.javatpoint.com/android-versions)

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

• Android 12 (October 4, 2021)

• Android 13 (August 15, 2022)
• Android 14 (Developer’s View: February 2023)

Android Integrated Development Environment (IDE

• Android Integrated Development Environment (IDE)
Android Studio is the official IDE for Android Application development.
• AppInventor
It lets you develop applications for Android phones using a web browser and either a
connected phone or emulator. The App Inventor servers store your work and help you
keep track of your projects.
• IntelliJ IDEA
It is an integrated development environment IIDE) written in java for developing computer
software including Android application. It is developed by JetBrains and can be used for
commercial development.
• Appcelator Titanium
Titanium SDK is an open-source framework that allows the creation of native mobile
apps on platform including iOS, Android and Windows UWP from a single JavaScript
codebase, develop by Appcelator.
• Android NDK (Native Development Kit)
The Android NDK is a toolset that lets you implement parts of your app in native code,
using languages such as C and C++. For certain types of apps, this can help you reuse
code libraries written in those languages.
• GameSalad
GameSalad is the revolutionary game development platform that allows anyone to create
the game of their dreams with a sophisticated visual programming interface. At this
time, Android publishing is only available to GameSalad Pro developers.
• Unity
Unity is a cross-platform game engine used by many games on the Google Play Store.
Unity’s modular tools help you produce and deliver highly engaging 2D or 3D mobile
games.
• B4A
The simple way to develop native Android apps. It includes all the features needed to
quickly develop any type of Android app.
• AIDE
AIDE is a complete IDE for Android device. Use it to develop Android app, Java
Application, C/C++, HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript

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COMP106– Application Development and Emerging Technologies Module 1

ASSESMENT

Research:

1. Give 2 examples of existing application (System, Website, or Mobile App) for each
field/type of technology discussed in this module
2. Aside from what have been discussed in this module, discuss another 2 emerging
technology and explain the impact of this technology in our society.
Quiz
Quiz will be provided on separate sheet. It will be given next meeting to give you ample
time to practice.

REFERENCES

1. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/technology
2. http://what-is.info/what-is-technology.html
3. https://whatchawearing.com/types-of-technology/
4. Top 18 New Technology Trends 2023
5. https://www.simplilearn.com/top-technology-trends-and-jobs-article
6. https://developer.android.com/guide/platform
7. Android Developer Fundamentals Course, 2016 (Google developer Training Team) Lesson 1.0

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