SCHOOL OF PLANNING, ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN EXCELLENCE

BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE
(B. ARCH)

CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (CBCS)

CURRICULUM AND SYLLABUS

EFFECTIVE FROM 2016-2017

 HINDUSTAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE
SCHOOL OF PLANNING, ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN EXCELLENCE
BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE (B.ARCH)
(10 SEMESTER PROGRAMME)

CURRICULUM EFFECTIVE FROM 2016-2017 (CBCS)

SEMESTER I

S. No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH

Theory
01. MAA112 Mathematics 3 0 0 3 3
02. ARB111 Visual Arts and Appreciation 2 0 2 3 4
03. ARB112 History of Architecture - I 3 0 0 3 3
Theory Cum Studio
04. ARB113 Materials and Construction I 2 0 2 3 4
05. ARB135 Computer Studio 1 0 4 3 5
06. ARB114 Architectural Graphics-I 1 0 4 3 5
Studio
Architectural Design - I (Basic
07. ARB132 0 0 10 5 10
Design)
TOTAL 12 0 22 23 34

SEMESTER II

S. No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH

Theory
01. CEB121 Mechanics of Structures - I 3 0 0 3 3
02. ARB116 History of Architecture - II 3 0 0 3 3
03. ARB105 Theory of Architecture - I 2 0 0 2 2
Theory Cum Studio
04. ARB117 Materials and Construction - II 2 0 2 3 4
05. ARB118 Architectural Graphics - II 1 0 4 3 5
Studio
06. ARB134 Architectural Design – II 0 0 12 6 12
Workshop – Carpentry / Fabrication
07. ARB136 0 0 4 2 4
/ Modelling
TOTAL 11 0 22 22 33

1
SEMESTER III

S.No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH

Theory
01. CEB221 Mechanics of Structures – II 3 0 0 3 3

02. ARB202 History of Architecture – III 3 0 0 3 3

03. CEB225 Surveying, Levelling and 3 0 0 3 3

Building Layout
04. ARB201 Theory of Architecture -II 2 0 0 2 2

05. CEB222 Building Services -I 3 0 0 3 3

Theory Cum Studio

06. ARB213 Materials and Construction – III 2 0 4 4 6

Studio

07. ARB231 Architectural Design - III 0 0 14 7 14

TOTAL 16 0 18 25 34

SEMESTER IV

S.No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH

Theory
01. CEB224 Design of Structures-I 3 0 0 3 3
02. ARB204 History of Architecture – IV 3 0 0 3 3
03. ARB207 Building Science 3 0 0 3 3

04. ARB215 Climate and Built Environment 3 0 0 3 3

05. ARB208 Building Services - II 3 0 0 3 3

Theory Cum Studio

06 ARB216 Materials and Construction – IV 2 0 2 3 4

07. ARB234 Advanced Computer Graphics 2 0 2 3 4

Studio

08. ARB233 Architectural Design – IV 0 0 12 6 12

TOTAL 19 0 16 27 35

2
SEMESTER V

S.No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH

Theory
01. CEB321 Design of Structures – II 3 0 0 3 3
02. ARB309 Building Services – III 3 0 0 3 3
03. ARB310 Contemporary Architecture 3 0 0 3 3
04. ARB311 Sustainable Architecture 3 0 0 3 3
Environmental Science for
05. ARB312 2 0 0 2 2
Architecture
06. E1 Elective -I 2 0 0 2 2

Theory Cum Studio

07 ARB313 Materials and Construction - V 2 0 2 3 4

Studio
08. ARB331 Architectural Design - V 0 0 14 7 14
TOTAL 16 0 16 26 34

SEMESTER VI
S.No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH
Theory
01. CEB323 Design of Structures - III 3 0 0 3 3
Estimation ,Specification and
02. CEB324 3 0 0 3 3
Costing
03. ARB314 Interior Design and Furniture 3 0 0 3 3
04. E2 Elective II 2 0 0 2 2
Elective – III (Open Elective –
05. OE1 3 0 0 3 3
From Other Departments)
Theory Cum Studio
06. ARB315 Materials and Construction - VI 2 0 2 3 4
Studio
07. ARB332 Architectural Design - VI 0 0 14 7 14
TOTAL 16 0 16 24 32

3
SEMESTER VII

S.No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH

Theory

01. ARB405 Landscape and Ecology 3 0 0 3 3

02. ARB406 Human Settlement Planning 3 0 0 3 3

03. ARB407 Appropriate Technology 3 0 0 3 3
04. ARB408 Valuation 3 0 0 3 3

05. High Rise Buildings 3 0 0 3 3

ARB409

06. Elective-IV (Open Elective – 3 0 0 3 3

OE2
From Other Departments)
Studio

07. ARB434 Working Drawings 0 0 16 8 16

TOTAL 18 0 16 26 34

SEMESTER VIII

S.No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH

01. ARB437 Practical Training 0 0 24 12 24

TOTAL 0 0 24 12 24

4
SEMESTER IX

S.No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH

01. ARB410 Urban Design and Renewal 3 0 0 3 3

02. ARB411 Professional Practice & Ethics 3 0 0 3 3

03. Construction and Project 3 0 0 3 3

ARB412
Management
04. Advanced Construction 3 0 0 3 3
ARB413
Techniques
05. E5 Elective-V 2 0 0 2 2
Studio

06. ARB435 Architectural Design - VII 0 0 12 6 12

07. ARB436 Dissertation 0 0 4 2 4

TOTAL 14 0 16 22 30

SEMESTER X

S.No. Code No. Subject Name L T P C TCH

Theory
01. E6 Elective - VI 2 0 0 2 2
02. E7 Elective - VII 2 0 0 2 2
Studio
03. ARB501 Thesis 0 0 30 15 30

TOTAL 4 0 30 19 34

TOTAL NUMBER OF CREDITS: 224

Note:

o 1 Hour of Lecture (L) = 1Credit

o 2 Hours of Studio in Architectural Design / Materials and Construction / Workshop

Architectural Drawing /Computer Studio = 1 Credit

o 2 Hours Dissertation/Practical training/Thesis = 1Credit

o P = Studios / Lab / Dissertation / Workshop /PracticalTraining/Thesis

o TCH = Total ContactHours.

5
 ELECTIVES

Electiv Semeste
Code Subject Name L T P C TCH
e No. r
No.
Visual Communication and
ARC361 2 0 0 2 2
Architecture
I V SEM ARC362 Building Automation 2 0 0 2 2

ARC363 Vernacular Architecture 2 0 0 2 2

Architectural Journalism and
ARC364 2 0 0 2 2
Photography
Defects in Buildings and
ARC365 2 0 0 2 2
Retrofitting
II VI SEM
ARC366 Site Planning and Landscape 2 0 0 2 2

Glass Architecture and Design

ARC360 (Special Elective in association 2 0 0 2 2
with Glass Academy)
Open Elective - (From Other
III VI SEM OE1 3 0 0 3 3
Departments)
VII Open Elective - (From Other
IV OE2 3 0 0 3 3
SEM Departments)

ARC454 Urban Economics and Sociology 2 0 0 2 2

V IX SEM ARC455 Architecture of the Future 2 0 0 2 2

ARC456 Landscape Construction 2 0 0 2 2

ARC557 Interior Lighting and Detailing 2 0 0 2 2

VI X SEM ARC558 Metropolitan Planning 2 0 0 2 2

ARC559 Urban and Rural Housing 2 0 0 2 2

Infrastructure Planning and

ARC560 2 0 0 2 2
Management

VII X SEM ARC561 Conservation and Preservation 2 0 0 2 2

ARC562 Architectural Criticism 2 0 0 2 2

6
 HINDUSTAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE
SCHOOL OF PLANNING, ARCHITECTURE & DESIGN
EXCELLENCE

BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE (B. ARCH) - (Effective from - 2016-2017)

SYLLABUS

SEMESTER I

LTPC
MAA112 MATHEMATICS 3 Credits 3003

Goal To create the awareness and comprehensive knowledge in engineering mathematics.

Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the students to: The students should be able to:
 Understand the representation of points in  Use3Dobjectplotsthepointsinspace.Evaluatesthe
space, direction cosines and different forms of direction cosines of a straight line. Determines the
the plane. Learns symmetricaland shortest distance between the skewlines.
unsymmetrical forms of a straight line and the
concept of skew lines.  Identify Eigen value problems from practical areas
and obtain its solutions and to understand the
 Find the inverse of the matrix by using Cayley transformation and diagonalising the matrix which
Hamilton Theorem and diagonalization of would render Eigenvalues.
matrix usingtransformation.
 Recognize and to model mathematically andsolving,
 Learn the solutions of second order linear the differential equations arising in science and
differential equations of standard types and engineering.
Euler’s linear differentialequation.
 Resolve and get the radius of curvature for a given
geometricalform.
 To understand the process of finding out the
radius of curvature in geometricforms  Expands functions using Taylor’s theorem.
Understand and model the practical problems and
 Learnpartialdifferentiationsinvolvingtwoand solve it using maxima and minima as elegant
three variables and expansions of functions applications of partial differentiation. Evaluates the
usingTaylorseries.Understandstheconceptof envelopes of standardfunctions.
envelopes.

UNITI PLANE ANDLINES 9

Direction ratios and direction cosines of a line – Equations of a plane and intersecting planes -
Symmetric form of a straight-line - Angle between lines and planes - Coplanar lines- skew
lines - shortestdistance.

UNITII MATRIX 5

Characteristic equation, Eigen values and Eigenvectors of a real Matrix - Cayley -Hamilton
Theorem without proof . Reduction of a real symmetric matrix to diagonal form.
7
UNITIII ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 8

Linear Second order and higher order Differential equations with constant coefficients.
Differential equations with variable coefficients of Euler type

UNITIV DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS 4

Cartesian co-ordinates – Curvature-Radius of curvature- Centre of curvature – Circle of

curvature. Geometrical application of differential calculus - Envelope

UNITV FUNCTIONS OFTWO VARIABLES 9

Partial differentiation, total derivative, approximations, Taylor’s Theorem, Maxima and Minima.

TOTAL 45

TEXT BOOKS

1. Venkataraman, M.K., “Engineering Mathematics”, Volume I, Fourth Edition, The National Pub.
Co., Chennai,2003.
2. Chandrasekaran .A, “Engineering Mathematics (for I Semester) ”, First Edition, Dhanam
Publishers,Chennai, 2008.

REFERENCES

1. B.S.Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, Delhi,2014.

2. P.Kandasamy, K.Thilagavathy and K.Gunavathy, Engg Mathematics Vol &II,
S.Chandan Publishers -2008

8
 LTPC
ARB111 VISUAL ARTS AND APPRECIATION 3 Credits 2023

To understand that arts and art forms were simultaneously developing with
Goal architecture in cultures and civilization and to disseminate a broad overview of
Art and Design and enabling students to understand visual awareness, creativity
and cultural understanding of design as a multi-dimensional creative Art.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the students: The students should be able:

 To understand and appreciate the role of art in history  To identify, understand and
of world architecture- past andpresent. appreciate –Art inArchitecture.

 To familiarize students with grammar of art from the  To create built forms incorporating
study of works renowned artists.(Sculptures’/painter) themjudicially.

 To study vocabulary of art and it principles,the  To understand appropriate

symbolic relationship of art andarchitecture. indigenous artelements.

 To identify art in terms of its form: content and  Appreciate the social and cultural
context -social and cultural and to develop a senseof identity achieved through artforms
aesthetics which is a necessary component in
architectural design.
 Understand the periodical
 To study modern art and new directions –‘isms’ transformations in artforms
evolved during 19th and 20th centuries and art
specific to IndianContext.

UNITI UNDERSTANDING ARTS 12

The definition of art – the need and meaning of works of art – Concept of beauty and aesthetics -
Appreciation of art forms – Importance of visual perception – Design elements in Nature.

UNITII ART AND DESIGN – AHISTORIC PERSPECTIVE 12

Drawing – architecture – sculpture – painting - printing minor arts (glass wave stain glass,
lithographic prints, etc.) – Industrial art (Art Nouveau, Bauhaus) – Art through ages – Egyptian,
Greek, Roman, Modern arts, Cubism, Constructivism, Modernism, Post modernism - Evolution
of Art and Design. Works of Raja Ravi Varma, Satish Gujral, Nek Chand -Tanjore paintings ,
Madhubani paintings of Bihar, Kalamkari of Andhrapradesh,

UNITIII UNDERSTANDING ART, DESIGN ANDITSEXPRESSION 12

Relationship between Art and Design with man – Space and environment – Concept of Space –
Articulation of Form – Sense of enclosure – Organization of Forms and Spaces –Abstract art –
Expressionism – Surrealism – Recent Developments in Indian Arts and Architecture.

9
UNITIV INTRODUCTIONTO THEORIES 12

Golden Proportions – Theory of Scale and Proportion – Vitruvian Theory – Principles of Design
– Elements of Design.

UNITV AMALGAMATING ARTS, DESIGNAND ARCHITECTURE 12

Form and Function – Design and Architecture, Illustrations and review of selected examples –
Brief overview on modern materials and techniques.

TOTAL 60

TEXT BOOK

1. Helen Gardner, Fred S. Kleiner, Christin J. Mamiya, “Art Through the Ages: The Western
Perspective”, Cengage Learning,2005

2. Form Space & Order by Francis D.K.Ching, 3 rd Edition, 2007, John Wiley &Sons,

REFERENCES

1. Gardener’s Art through Ages by Fred S.Kleiner, 12 th Edition, 2005,Wadsworth,Inc.

2. Frank O Gehry: Selected Works by Casey Mathewson, 2007, Fireflybook.ltd.,
3. Bauhaus by Jeannine Fiedler,2006,Könemann.

WEBSITES

www.arthistoryresources.net
www.artyfactory.comwww.
artcyclopedia.com

10
 LT PC3
ARB112 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE – I 3 Credits
003
To apprise development of architecture in India from river-valley civilization to
Goal Indo Aryan Period. Exposure will be on selected examples from various historic
periods resulting in an understanding of materials, their uses and development of
construction technology.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to; The students should be able to;

 Understand contributions to architecture by the  Attain comprehensive knowledge about the

river valley, Aryan and Mauryan civilization development of Aryan and Mauryan
and the kinds and building materials and civilization and identify different building
techniques adopted bythem. materials & techniques used bythem.

 Understand the influence of Buddhism in  Attain a comprehensive knowledge about the

northern India and architecture of buildings and development of Buddhistarchitecture.
caves.
 Gain knowledge on the evolution of Hindu
 Study the mythological evolution of Hindu temple during theGuptaand Chalukyan
temple during theGuptaand Chalukyan period
period.
 Attain a comprehensive knowledge about the
 Understand the rock cut and stone architecture rock cut and stone architecture of Dravidian
of Dravidian period and later developments in period and trace later developments in South
south India. India.

 Understand the plan forms of Indo Aryan  Appreciate different plan forms of the Indo
temple. Aryan temple with the aid ofsketches.

UNIT I ANCIENT INDIA 9

Indus Valley Civilization - Culture and pattern of settlement. Impact of Aryan culture - Vedic
villageandtherudimentaryformsofbambooandwood,woodenconstructionundertheMauryan rule.

UNIT II BUDDHISTARCHITECTURE 8

Hinayana and Mahayana Buddhism - Interaction of Hellenic & Indian ideas in Northern India -
Architectural production during King Ashoka's rule - Ashokan Pillar, Sarnath, Rock cut caves at
Barabar, Sanchi Stupa. Salient features of a Chaitya hall and Vihara, Rock cut architecture inthe
Western and Eastern ghats - Karli, Viharas at Nasik, Rani gumpha, Udaigiri -Takti Bahai,
Gandhara.

11
UNITIII HINDUARCHITECTURE 10

Evolution of Hindu temple - Early shrines of the gupta and chalukyan periods – Tigawa temple,
Ladh Khan and Durga temple, Aihole, Papanatha and Virupaksha temples, Pattadakal.

UNITIV DRAVIDIANARCHITECTURE 10

Dravidian culture - Rock cut productions under Pallavas –Shore temple, Mahaballipuram -
Dravidian Order – Brihadeeswara Temple, Thanjavur - Evolution and form of Gopuram -
Complexity in temple plan due to complexity in Ritual - Meenakshi temple, Madurai.

UNITV INDO ARYANSTYLE 8

Salient features of an Indo Aryan temple - Lingaraja Temple, Bhuvaneswar - Sun temple,
Konarak. -Kunds and Vavs – Sabali kund vav - Adalaj - Surya kund, Modhera.

Note: Practical observation in the form of study visit to a chosen place of interest is preferable
to understand the scale and proportion of built up structures.

TOTAL 45

TEXT BOOK

1. Satish Grover, “Buddhist and Hindu architecture in India”, CBS, New Delhi,2008
2. The History of Architecture in India from the Dawn of civilization to the End of the Raj, Phaidon,
London, 2002
3. Percy Brown, “Indian Architecture (Buddhist and Hindu Period)”- Tarapore Vala and Sons Bombay,
2014.

REFERENCES

1. Yatin pandya, “Concepts of Space in Traditional Indian Arch”, Mapin,2005.

2. Mitchell, George “The Hindu Temple, University of Chicago Press,1996
3. Spiro Kostof , “A History of Architecture : Setting and Rituals”,OxfordUniversity Press, London,
2005 (digitized –2007).
4. ChristopherTadgell,TheHistoryofArchitectureinIndia,PenguinBooks(India)Ltd,NewDelhi,1990

WEBSITES

http://library.advanced.org/10098http://www.enc
ylopedia.com/articles/05371.htmlhttp://www.cup
.org/Titles/09/0521094526.html

12
 LTPC
MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION- I
ARB113 3 Credits 2023

Goal To introduce various building components, elements and conventional materials used
in building construction.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student; The students should be able;

 To make understand the basic structural  To differentiate and understand components and
and architectural building components and differentelementsofbuildingsandgraspbasicsof
elements. structural systems such as Load bearingstructure,
Frame structure and Compositestructure.
 To develop abilities to learn methods to
construct, load bearing and partition walls  To construct building elements in sub and super
and piers with simple continuous brick structure like load bearing and partition walls and
and stone footingfoundation. piers with footings in foundations and methods to
support side walls of excavationtrenches.
 To make students select appropriate
building materials based on properties,  To select appropriate building materials for
suitability, application and understand differentsituations.
manufacturing process for materials like
different types of bricks, stones, terracotta
and concrete masonry locks, embodied
energy and impact of the processing and
use of these materials onenvironment.

UNIT I-INTRODUCTION 10

Building components like substructure and super structure , soils, rocks and other types of sub
strata - Building elements in sub structure such as foundation, plinth, damp proof course and
filling in plinth - Building elements in super structure such as base / sub floor, finished floors of
different types, walls- columns, beams sill, lintel, arches, loft, openings and fenestrations like
doors, windows, ventilators, fixed glazing, plastering, shading devices, porch and canopies,
pergolas, fins, louvres, stairs, intermediate floor, balcony, roof, over hangs, parapet and coping
etc

UNIT II - LOAD BEARING AND PARTITION WALLS , PIERS AND ARCHES 30

Conventional and modular bricks, terminology used, special purpose bricks and bats in bricks -
Manufacturing and production methods of burnt and unburnt bricks, compact stablished earthen,
terracotta and concert masonry blocks. Manufacturing/ processing of sand, aggregate, mud, lime
and cement, properties embodied energy and impact on environment - Brick masonry in cement
mortar, English bond, Flemish bond, rat trap bond, cavity walls and brick piers. Masonry with
compact stablished earthen, terracotta and concrete masonry blocks. - Types of Hyperbolic
Arches in bricks, Principle of load transfer in Arches, terminology used, different componentsof
Arches.

13
UNIT III - STONE/RUBBLE WALLS , PIERSANDARCHES 20

Classification of rocks, properties, querying, cutting and dressing of stone, Terminology used.
Embodied energy and impact on environment.- Types of stone masonry like Random rubble,
ashlar, coursed and un coursed rubble masonry etc. - Types of Hyperbolic Arches in stone.

UNIT IV- FOUNDATION 15

Definition and function of foundation, types of foundations - Excavation for foundation,

timbering in trenches - Foundation base, brick and stone footings in foundation and plinth for
load bearing and partition walls and Damp proof courses etc.

STUDIO PRACTICALS / SESSIONAL WORKS AND ASSIGNMENTS :

Manual drafting of Construction drawing sheets/plates, of selected topics in standard format -

Periodic visits to the construction sites - Notes /sketches and Site visit reports - Note : Drawing
sheets/plates will be evaluated continuously .

TOTAL 75

TEXTBOOK

1. S.C. Rangawala, “Engineering Materials”, Charotar Publishing House- Anand2007

2. A.K.Jain & B.C.Punmia, "Building Construction'' Laxmi Publications2008.
3. P.C.Verghese,"Building Materials" Prentice Hall India2015.
4. B. T.S. Prabhu, V.Paul & C.Vijayan, “Building Design & Civil Engineering Drawing”, Spades
Publishers 2016.

REFERENCE

1. R. Chudley & R. Greeno, "Building Construction Handbook", Elsevier2008

2. W.B.Mckay, “Building Construction” Vol1,2,3- Longmans U.K.1992.
3. P.C.Verghese, "Building Construction"Prentice Hall India2016.

WEBSITES

https://www.naturalstonewarehouse.com
https://weinberger,in
https://www.aboutcivil.org/Stone-Mortars.html
https://theconstructor.org/

14
 LTPC
COMPUTER STUDIO
ARB135 3 Credits 1043

To introduce the technology of computer system, operation principles, use of other

Goal related hardware, with a thrust on 2D and 3D Drafting as a necessity for architects.
Coverage will be on drawings objects, fitting, setting, size and dimensioning, witha
thrust on advanced 2D and 3D drafting techniques.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:

 Inform the student, basic understandingof  Work on systems with ease of thesoftware
components, operation system, (windows) understanding the performance of the
application software and other hardwarerelatively.
accessories.

 Make a student understand basic tools of  Create architectural drawings required for
ACAD i.e., formatting (limits, units, etc) their presentations with precision and
drawing tools or drafting, modificationof accuracy. Revising them withoutspending
thesame. muchtime.

 Make a student to obtain knowledge of  Work at large scale of drawings in terms of

advanced tools such as layers, linetype, Size or complexity in details or levels of a
etc,. 2d drafting of buildingdrawings. builtform.

UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION TODRAWINGTECHNIQUES 10

Introduction to graphical software; different 2D object drawing methods, editing objects and
modifying their associated properties; texts; dimensioning Drawing unit association; scaling;
associating limits; model space; organizing drawings in custom layouts, templates.

UNIT II ADVANCED 2DDRAFTINGTECHNIQUES 15

Concept of blocks and object grouping; styles; organizing objects in layers; hatching
techniques; introduction to symbol libraries.

UNIT III MISCELLANEOUS CONCEPTS, VIEW AND CO-ORDINATE TOTAL

MANAGEMENT 15

Database concepts; Attributes and scripts; Concepts of OLE; Introduction to Auto LISP.
Different View management techniques; Concept of UCS; Icon management

UNIT IV 3D DRAFTINGANDMODELLING 15

Different types of 3D modeling techniques; Solid creation; Editing; Creating complex solids;
Boolean operations on solids. Concept of shading; Rendering; Material mapping; Environment
attributes

15
UNIT V DRAWINGEXERCISES 20

Application of the above in architectural exercises – working drawings such as plan, elevation,
section . 3D modelling.

TOTAL 75

TEXT BOOKS
1. AutoCAD 2018 and AutoCAD LT 2018 Essentials ,Scott OnstottScott ,2017 published by sybex
and autodesk
2. AutoCAD 2017 Instructor ,James Leach, 2016 SDCpublications
3. AutoCAD 2016 For Beginners, kishore Kindle Edition by CAD FOLKS2015

4. Mastering AutoCAD 2016 and AutoCAD LT 2016, George Omur Autodesk Official, Sybex, Inc
press 2015
5. Mastering AutoCAD 2016 and AutoCAD LT 2016: Autodesk,George Omura, sybexInc
6. Tutorial GuideTo Autocad 2016, Shawna Lockhart,smith, Schroff Development
Corporation,2015
7. Tutorial Guide to AutoCAD 2018, Shawna Lockhart,smith, Schroff Development
Corporation,2017

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD 2016,smith, Schroff DevelopmentCorporation,2015

2. Technical Drawing 101 with AutoCAD 2015Douglas Smith,Antonio RamirezandJana
Schmidt, Schroff DevelopmentCorporation,2014,
3. AutoCAD 2016 Instructor,Jamesh Leach, Shawna Lockhart,smith, Schroff Development
Corporation,2016
4. Tools for Design Using AutoCAD 2017 and Autodesk Inventor,Randy Shih, Schroff
Development Corporation,2016

WEBSITES

1. https://www.mycadsite.com/tutorials
2. https://www.lynda.com/AutoCAD-training-tutorials/160-0.html
3. https://thesourcecad.com/autocad-tutorials
4. www.cad-training-course.com
5. https://www.udemy.com/topic/autocad/

16
 L T PC 1
ARB114 ARCHITECTURAL GRAPHICS - I 3 Credits 043

To develop manual sketching and drafting skills through 2D shapes and 3D

Goal objects, which is a handy tool to practicing architects.

Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Trainthestudentstosketchwithpencil &  Have a comprehensive knowledgeabout
pen drawing and painting both indoor the sketching and the usage of color
and outdoor using appropriate media. media.

 To comprehend and draw manually

using T’ Square, set square or parallel  Handle the instruments T square,set
drawing in the form ofplates. square et al manually to draw plan,
elevation and section of anobject.
 To understand the relation between
Elevation, plan, and section of an
object, group of objects and 3D views  Understand the relationship between
of simple object, and demonstrate
elevation, plan and section of theobjects.
throughdrawings.

 To enable the students to get skillfulin  Present architecturaldrawings

presentationtechniques. professionally.

UNIT I FREEHANDDRAWING 35

Free hand drawing of object human figures and natural elements – part of building environment,
plants, trees, flowers, etc. Outdoor sketching: study of form, their combination balance, etc.
Sketching of simple building forms and their relations, simple three-dimensional compositions.

Study of colour, composition, colour rendering of object, plants, interior and exterior spaces.
Rendering of objects, built and natural environment with advance presentation skill, surface
finishes (human figures, street furniture’s, etc.) to communicate meaningfully and effectively.

UNIT IIGEOMETRICALDRAWING 15

Plane Geometry - scales and angle construction of planes, curves, circles tangent and regular
polygon area construction. Solid geometry - simple projections, projection and development of
the solid, section of solids, interpenetration of solids and true shape of sections.

UNIT IIIPRESENTATIONTECHNIQUES 10

Introduction to the importance of presentation techniques in working drawings in architectural

practice – Working drawing sample – Plan, elevation, section, details to the scale – Format of
17
the sheet with respect to architectural practice.

UNIT IVORTHOGRAPHICPROJECTION 15

Introduction to orthographic projections - isometric and axonometric projections. Drawing of

lines,basicshapesindifferentpositions.Orthographicprojectionsofplanarsurface-geometrical
shapes like square, circle, hexagon, etc. and combination of shapes.Orthographic projection of
3D object - construction of plan, elevation and section of 3D objects and projections in various
positions.

TOTAL 75
TEXT BOOKS

1. I.H.Morris , “Geometrical drawing for Art Students”, Orient Longman,Kolkata

2004.
2. Albert. O. Halse , “Architectural Rendering: The Techniques of Contemporary
Presentation”, Literary Licensing, LLC, USA,2011

REFERENCES

1. Julie Collins, Colour Mixing Guide: Watercolour, Search Press,2015.

2. Francis D.K. Ching, “Architectural Graphics” 5 th Ed., Wiley Publications,2009.
3. Alejandro Bahamon “Sketch Houses”, Loft Publications,2008.
4. Jonathan Andrews, ‘Architectural Visions”, Brown Publishing AG,2010
5. Bhatt N.D. Engineering drawing 53 rd Edition, Charotar publishing house,2014.

WEBSITES

http://freehandarchitecture.com/the-perfect- architectural-drawing- lesson/

http://arch-student.com/pin/category/architecture- students-tutorials/architecture-
drawing/

18
 LTPC
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN – I
ARB132 5 Credits 0 0 10 5
(Basic Design)
To introduce the meaning of “design” and relate it to “architecture” through an
Goal understanding of basic elements and principles of design and analysis of design
elements.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Theoretically understand the various  Develop abstract and real compositions
elements of basic design relationship, indrawings.
principles and demonstrate the same
through drawingexercises.

 Understand the workshop tools and  Generate concepts and translate them into
equipments useful for model making and real and abstract physicalmodels.
practically experiment with creative
design ideas both in exterior and interior
applications.

UNIT I BASICDESIGN I 100

Introduction to Architectural Design through Basic Design. Introduction to elements of design.,

Properties, qualities, and characteristics of (i) line, (ii) direction, (iii) shape,(iv) size,(v)texture,
(vi) value and (vii) colour exercises involving the same including use of the computer. The
principles of design relationships -Repetition, Harmony, Contrast. Transformations - Rotation,
Reflection, Translation (mirror), Resizing. Symmetry - Reflection symmetry, Rotational
symmetry, Point symmetry, Lines of symmetry of plane shapes. Exercises involving the same.
The analysis of design elements - Exercises involving the same. Conceptualisation : Generation
andtranslationofconceptsastwodimensionaldrawingsandthreedimensionalmodelspertaining to
aboveexercises.

UNITII WORKSHOP 50

Use of hand tools and materials in carpentry, masonry and model making. Making mount board
models employing cubes, cuboids, square pyramid, cylinder and cones. Space frame models
using match sticks, straw, steel wires, bamboo splits. Texture applicability to murals and
interior decoration.

TOTAL 150

TEXT BOOK

1. Maitland Graves – The Art of Colour and Design McGraw-Hill Book company Inc. 1951

19
REFERENCES

1. Francis D.K.Ching, “A Visual Dictionary of Architecture”, John wiley & Sons, Inc.1997
2. Professor Miles Lewis, “Architecture – Elements of Architectural Style”, Global Book
Publishing Pvt. Ltd.2008.
3. Archiworld Co., Ltd., “Object-Creative Idea & Unique Design” Choseok Publishing2010
4. Edward D.Mills “ Planning -The Architects Hand Book” - Butterworth-HeinemannLtd,
London,1985.
5. V.S.Pramar, “Design fundamentals in Architecture”, Somaiya Publications Pvt. Ltd., New
Nelhi,1990.
6. Francis D.K.Ching , “Architecture - Form Space and Order”, Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
(Canaa),1980.

WEBSITES

http://infinit.net – elements of design

http://www.okino.com - design, visualization, rendering system

http://www.interface - signage.com

http://www.design community.com – arch rendering, 3D design

20
 SEMESTER II

LTPC
CEB121 MECHANICS OF STRUCTURESI 3 Credits
3003

To sensitize students on how structural resolutions become important in realization of

Goal architecturaldesignconcept.Atthisstage,studentsshallbeexposedtoforces,moments, and
resolution that are to be resolved. Concepts of determinate and indeterminate
structures. Thrust shall be on steel and concrete structures, and enable students tosolve
basic, simple problems.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Understand the effect of action of forces on  Understand action of forces on abody
abodyandtheconceptofequilibriumofthe
body throughexercises.  Analyze different types oftrusses

 Determine the internal forces induced in

 calculate centroid, moment of inertia,
truss members due to external loads by
section modulus and radius of gyration
working outproblems.
for a givensection
 Calculate the sectional properties (centroid,
moment of inertia, section modulus and
radius of gyration) for various sections by  Solve problems on stress – strain
working outproblems. behaviors of steel and concrete due to
axial loads and to determine the stresses
 Study the stress – strain behaviors of steel and strains developed in solids due to
and concrete due to axial loads and to externalaction
determinethestressesandstrainsdeveloped
in solids due to external action through  Understand the relationship between
selectedproblems. elasticconstants

 Derive the relationship betweenelastic

constants and solvingproblems.

UNIT I FORCES AND STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS 5

Types of force systems - Resultant of parallel forces - principle of moments - principle of

equilibrium - simple problems

UNIT II ANALYSIS OFPLANE TRUSSES 10

Introduction to Determinate and Indeterminate plane trusses - Analysis of simply

supported and cantilever trusses by Method of joints and Method of sections.

UNIT III PROPERTIESOFSECTION 10

Centroid- Moment of Inertia - Section modulus – Radius of gyration - Theorem of

perpendicular axis - Theorem of parallel axis

21
UNIT IV ELASTIC PROPERTIESOFSOLIDS 10

Stress strain diagram for mild steel, High tensile steel and concrete - Concept of axial and
volumetric stresses and strains.

UNIT VELASTICCONSTANTS 10

Elastic constants - Relation between elastic constants - Application to problems.

TOTAL : 45

TEXT BOOKS

1. R.K.Bansal, “A textbook on Engineering Mechanics”. Lakshmi Publications, Delhi2013.

2. R.K.Bansal, “A textbook on Strength of Materials” Lakshmi Publications, Delhi2012.

REFERENCES

1. P.C.Punmia, “Strength of Materials” and “Theory of Structures” Vol. I, Laxmi publications,

Delhi,2005.
2. S.Ramamrutham, “Strength of materials”, Dhanpatrai & Sons, Delhi,2011.
3. W.A.Nash, “Strength of Materials” Schaums Series – McGraw-Hill Book Company,2010.
4. R.K. Rajput “Strength of Materials”, S. Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi2012

22
 L T PC
ARB116 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE –II 3 Credits
3 0 0 3
To imbibe the development of architecture from pre-historic to Byzantine period through
Goal study of selected examples of buildings and their uniqueness in terms of form, material and
construction techniques.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to The students should be able :
 Understand the progress in civilization  To attain a comprehensive knowledge about
leading to the development of shelter the development of shelter and art and
and how art and architecture emerged in architecture in Egyptiancivilization.
Egyptiancivilization.

 To attain a comprehensive knowledge about
 Understand how science emergedduring
the Sumerian period and how the development of science during the
architecture and planningevolved. Sumerian period and the evolution of
architecture andplanning.
 Gain an understanding on the scientific
techniques adopted in building  Express the development of architecture and
construction and art forms introduced by its contribution towards growth ofGreece
theGreek.
with the help ofsketches.
 Understand the concept of republican
state and the architectural character of  Articulate knowledge on the development of
Romans. republican state and the influences it had on
the architectural character during the Roman
era.
 Appreciate the influences of Christianity
on art and architecture and the evolution
of Byzantinestyle.  To assimilate the recognition gained by the
Christianity in builtforms.

UNIT I PREHISTORIC AGEAND EGYPT 6

Old Stone Age - the Agricultural revolution – The New Stone Age - Development of Shelter.
Nature of Art and Architecture - Factors influencing Architecture - Outline of Architectural
Character – Great Pyramid of Cheops, Gizeh, Great temple of Ammon, Karnak.

UNIT II WEST ASIA 10

Evolution of Sumerian, Babylonian and Persian cultures - Factors influencing architecture -

Outline of architectural character – Ziggurat at Urnammu, Palace of Sargon, Khorsabad - Palace
at Persepolis.

UNITIII GREECE 10

Evolution of city states - Development of Art, Sculpture, architecture in the archaic and classic
periods – Factors influencing architecture - Outline of architectural character– optical illusion in
buildings,golden section proportioning system, Orders in architecture - Doric Ionic and
Corinthian, Parthenon; Erecthion, Athens, Theatre Eipdaurous; Tower of Winds.

23
UNITIV ROME 9

Evolution of Republican states - Factors influencing architecture - outline of architectural

Character Forum Romanum; Rome; Thermae of Caraculla; Colloseum Rome; Pantheon, Rome:
Circus Maximus, Rome.

UNIT V EARLY CHRISTIANAND BYZANTINE 10

The characteristic features of Byzantine Architecture- Evolution of church forms - Factors

influencing architecture - Outline of Architectural character - St. Clement, Rome St. Sophia,
Constantinople ; St. Marks, Venice; St. Vitale, Ravenna.
TOTAL 45
TEXT BOOK

1. Sir Banister Fletcher, “A History of Architecture”, University of London, CBS 2002, 20th
edition.

REFERENCES

1. John North Hopkins– The Genesis of Roman Architecture, Yale University,2016.

2. Cyril M. Harris- Illustrated Dictionary of Historic Architecture–Mc graw hill,2013.
3. Mark J. Johnson, Amy Papalexandrou, “Approaches to Byzantine Architecture andits
Decoration”, Ashgate Books , 2016

WEBSITES:

1. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/ancient-art-civilizations/roman/beginners-guide-
rome/a/roman-architecture
2. https://www.ancient.eu/Egyptian_Architecture/
3. https://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Architecture/
4. http://www.buffaloah.com/a/archsty/byz/

24
 LTPC
ARB105 THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE- I 2 Credits 2002

Goal To establish the understanding that architecture is a social/human need and to

develop a vocabulary for future design processes in understanding the relation
and impacts of Space & Mass, elaborating and discussing aesthetic components
in design & finally introducing the use of color in architecture.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:

 Understand various definitions of  Define architecture and recognize its

architecture and justifications for influence onsociety
architecturecreations  Connect function and aesthetic in future
 Understand the relationshipbetween designprocesses
function and aesthetics through analysis  Recognize the relation between of space
of selectedbuildings. and mass and translate it intodesign
 Understand the relationship between  Develop a design vocabulary for the
mass, geometrical form and space various aspects of aesthetic components in
through analysis of selectedbuildings. design and actively applythem.
 Understand the definition and use of  Apply color in architecture with the
components of design by studying theoretical knowledge about the physical
representativeexamples. and psychologicaleffects
 Understand the definition, combination
and relationship and symbolism ofusing
color inarchitecture

UNIT I INTRODUCTIONTO ARCHITECTURE 5

DefinitionofArchitecture-ElementsofArchitecturebackedbyneedandfollowedbyfulfillment
ofneed.

UNIT II SCOPE OFARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 5

Architectural design - An analysis - Integration of aesthetic and function.

UNIT III ARCHITECTURAL SPACEAND MASS 5

Mass and space, visual and emotional effects of geometric forms and their derivatives -The
sphere, the cube, the pyramid, the cylinder and cone.

UNIT IV AESTHETIC COMPONENTSOFDESIGN 10

Proportion, scale, balance, rhythm, symmetry, hierarchy, pattern and axis with building
examples.

25
UNIT V APPLICATION OF COLOURINARCHITECTURE 5

Effect of colour in Architecture - Colour symbolism – A case study on colour theory in any
famous architectural buildings - A small scale project incorporating all the principles learnt in
all the units.

TOTAL 30

TEXT BOOKS

1. Francis D.K.Ching, “Architecture-Form, Space and Order”, 3rd ed. John Wiley,2007
2. Simon Unwin, Analysing Architecture, Routledge, London,2003.
3. V.S.Pramar, Design Fundamentals in Architecture, Somaiya Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,
1997.

REFERENCES

1. Leland M. Roth - Understanding Architecture, its experience history and meaning, Craftsman
house, 1994.
2. Peter von Meiss -Elements of architecture - from form to place, Spon Press1992.
3. Rudolf Arnheim- The dynamics of architectural form, University of California Press2009.
4. Paul Alan Johnson - The Theory of Architecture - Concepts and themes, Van Nostrand Reinhold
Co., New York,1994.
5. James F. Eckler - The language of space and form, John Wiley and sons, New Jersey,2012.
6. ThefourelementsofArchitecture-SemperGoltfried-CambridgeUniversitypress,London,2011

WEBSITES

https://www.archdaily.com/488929/a-theory-of-architecture-part-1-pattern-language-vs-
form-language
http://www.arch.ttu.edu/people/faculty/Neiman_B/bldgex06/2006_09_15_theory_arch_anal
ysis.pdf

26
 LTPC
MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION-II
ARB117 3 Credits 2023

To enable students learn about different types flooring in different materials,

Goal openings like doors, windows and Ventilators etc.in Timber and other allied
materials and to learn about flooring, trussed lean-to and sloping roofs of the
building, using Timber and other allied materials with more emphasis on use of
new innovative use of timber, timber products and allied environment friendly
materials.

Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student The students should be able:
 To understand and learn materials  To design and construct different types of
and construction of different typesof flooring with different materials including
flooring. timber and its byproducts and new
 To understand and learn materials, in different situation as pertheir
construction of Timber Flooringand functional role andsuitability.
with use of innovativematerials.  To understand and learn, design and
 To familiarize students withdifferent construction techniques of makingTimber
types of openings as doors, openings, and joints in timber.
windows, ventilators etc, in
buildings, using timber and timber
 To understand and learn to construct
products
different trussed roofs ant to usedifferent
 To understand learn different types
conventional roof coveringmaterials
of roofs, fundamental principle of
trussed roof with Different types of
conventional roof coveringmaterials.

UNIT I– FLOORING 15

Introduction to flooring, subfloor and finish floor, different types of flooring materials -
manufacturing process, qualities, embodied energy and impact on environment. - Method of
construction and laying of Indian patent stone (IPS) flooring, Terrazzo / Mosaic - casting in situ
flooring, tiles and cut stone flooring like cement tiles, marble mosaic tiles, ceramic - tiles,glazed
tiles, cut stone tiles like marble, granite, kota, cuddappah, etc.,- Fixing of tiles in floor, skirting,
dado.

UNIT II –TIMBER FLOORING 20

Types of timber, properties, limitations, usages cutting, sawing, seasoning and defects. -
Manufacturing process of Plywood, Particle boards, Fiber boards, chip boards and other
innovative materials, - properties, limitations, impact on environment and embodied energy.-
Introduction to different types of Timber flooring and flooring with use of other timber
products like Ply wood, Particle boards and other innovative environment friendly materials .
- Structural system to support floor boards/planks.

27
UNIT III - FENESTRATION / OPENINGS IN TIMBER AND TIMBER PRODUCT20

Introduction to openings, functional role, locations and terminology used- Timber

Doors/Windows like single / double shutters, partly paneled, Partly glazed door/windows, fully
glazed doors of different types like ledged and battened, Paneled doors / flush doors etc., -
Special purpose and decorative glazed / paneled doors like revolving, sliding and folding. -
Guard bars grill, fittings and fixtures and accessories used with door/windows.- Different types
of ventilators and fan lights like, top hinged, side hinged, centrally pivoted and louvered both
adjustable and fixed.

UNIT IV – TIMBER AND OTHER TIMBER BYPRODUCTTRUSSES 20

Introduction to trusses, terminology used, element of trusses and their classification, load
transfer
in trusses etc. - Different ements of trusses and terminology used. - Different types of
trusses on different supports like, brick pier, RCC column etc.,- Conventional roof covering
materials and fixing details.

STUDIO PRACTICALS / SESSIONAL WORKS AND ASSIGNMENTS

Manual drafting of Construction drawing sheets/plates, of selected topics in standard format -

Periodic visits to the construction sites.- Notes /sketches and Site visits reports.

Note : Drawing sheets/plates will be evaluated continuously preferably in studio.

TOTAL 75
TEXTBOOK

1. S.C. Rangawala, “Engineering Materials”, Charotar Publishing House- Anand2007

2. A.K.Jain & B.C.Punmia, "Building Construction'' Laxmi Publications,2008.
3. P.C.Verghese,"Building Materials" Prentice Hall India2015.
B. T.S. Prabhu, V.Paul & C.Vijayan, "Building Design & Civil Engineering Drawing", Spades
Publishers 2016.

REFERENCE

1. R. Chudley & R. Greeno, "Building Construction Handbook", Elsevier2008

2. W.B.Mckay, “Building Construction” Vol1,2,3- Longmans U.K.1992.
3. P.C.Verghese, "Building Construction"Prentice Hall India2016.

WEBSITES

https;// www. timberproducts.com

https://mangalore tiles.com
https://theconstructor.org/

28
 L T PC
ARB118 ARCHITECTURAL GRAPHICS - II 3Credits 1 0 4 3

Goal To perceive built environment in terms of their detail, form, colour, texture, so as
to present architectural design solutions in a realistic way.

Objectives Outcomes
The coarse should enable the student to : The students should be able to:
 Make the student conversant with
architectural drafting using instruments,  Articulate knowledge on composition and
train him to draw and write with detailing in measureddrawing.
knowledge on composition, of selected
 Identify and understand theperspective.
components and details of abuilding.

 Enable a student understand the theoryof

 Understand the casting of shade and
perspectivetodrawanobjectandlateron
shadow on anyobject.
simple buildings in perspective by doing
series ofexercises.

 Makeastudentunderstandthetheoryand
purpose of casting shade and shadows in
buildings in simple objects and later in
simple building through selected
exercises

UNIT IMEASUREDDRAWING 30

Principle of basic architectural drafting - line value lettering basic, multiview projections and
sections - presentation formats. Measured drawing of simple objects (like furniture, entrance
gates, etc.) and building components (like columns, cornice, door, window, etc.) Detailed
measured drawing/documentation of historic and architectural monument or building.

UNITIIPERSPECTIVE 30

Characteristics of Perspective Drawings, Perspective systems and methods, Two point

perspective of simple objects, outdoor and indoor view of a building, etc. One point and three
point perspective of interiors Perspective theory and practice

UNITIIISCIOGRAPHY 15

Principles of shades and shadows - Shadows of lines and circles, Shadows of architectural
elements, circular solids, buildings, etc.

TOTAL 75

29
TEXT BOOKS

1. T.Jeyapoovan “Engineering Drawing and Graphics Using Autocad” Vikas

Publishing House, Pvt. Ltd.,2010.
2. K. V. Natrajan, “A text book of Engineering Graphics”, Dhanalakshmi Publishers, Chennai(2006)

REFERENCES

1. Francis D K Ching “Design Drawing”, Wiley India Pvt Ltd,2012

2. Jonathan Andrews “Architectural Visions: Contemporary Sketches,Perspectives,
Drawings”, Thames & Hudson, 2010.
3. Francis D.K. Ching, “Architectural Graphics” 5 th Ed., Wiley Publications,2009
4. Bhatt N.D. Engineering drawing 53 rd Edition, Charotar publishing house,2014.
5. Rendow Yee, Architectural Drawing: A Visual Compendium of Types and
Methods, John Wiley & Sons; 4th Edition, New Jersey,2013.

WEBSITES

http://www.drawinghowtodraw.com/drawing-lessons/Perspective- Drawing/#basic
https://www.studentartguide.com/articles/one-point- perspective-drawing

30
 LT PC
ARB134 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN – II 6 Credits 0 0 12 6

To bring in confidence as to how basic design principles and knowledge are used
Goal in solving simple space, small span buildings and create spaces and buildings
responding to human anthropometrics and creating environments which are
barrier free.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Enable a student understand the basics of
anthropometrics, its application in articulating  Trained to solve design
vertical, horizontal space and later on in simple solutions based on simple
buildings including considerations forphysically typologies
challenged through a design process resulting in  Present design solution in the
specific typologies, asspecified. form ofdrawings

• Enable a student to work with hand, details, and

simple models of selected elements of components
of a building. Later on the students are to be trained
to make models of simple buildings and structure,
which they design in theirexercises.

UNIT 1DESIGN STUDIO 100

Theproblemsinvolvesimplespaceorganizationstartingwithsinglespacesingleuse-smallspan
Horizontalmovement-singlebay-passiveenergytypespaces.Thestudyofspacestandardsand
anthropometricsrelatedtoeachproblemisstressedupon.Anthropometryasrelatedtophysically
handicapped and elderly persons are required to bestudied.

ExamplesofexercisesincludeDesignoftoiletforaphysicallyhandicappedperson,hostelroom,
bedroom, kitchen, Shop, pavilions, snack bar, Residence, petrol bunk, fire station, policestation.

UNIT IIWORKSHOPII 80

Elementary models indicating wall surfaces floral designs, ceilings, glass areas, lawn, water
bodies, etc. Block models of small campuses using wood, thermacol mount board, soap, cork
board, etc.
Detailed model of a small buildings like branch bank, small residences, bus shelter, snack bar,
including landscape details.

TOTAL:180
TEXT BOOKS:

1. De. Chiara and Callender, “Time-saver Standards for Building Types”, McGraw-Hill
Co., New York,1973.
2. The Handbook of Building Types., NEUFERT ARCHITECTS DATA, New
International edition, second international edition. BSP Professional Books. Oxford
(1980) Blackwell scientificPublications.
3. Time – Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data, seventh edition. The reference of
architectural fundamentals McGraw hill international edition, architectural series(1998).

31
 4. Ed.By.Quentin Pickard RIBA “The Architects’ Hand Book”, Bladewell ScienceLtd.,
2002

REFERENCES:

1. Handbook on Building Construction Practices (Excluding Electrical Work). Bureau of

Indian Standards, New Delhi,1997
2. National Building book of India 2005, Bureau of Indian Standards, NewDelhi
3. Macmillan Encyclopedia architects, Vol II, The free press, London,1982
4. A visual dictionary of Architecture, Francis D.K.Ching, John wiley & Sons, Inc.1997

WEBSITES

1. www.design basics.com/-(on house type –Americans)

2. http://www.geosystems.gatech.edu/ - (on detail designmethod)

3. http://www.c.s.berkely.edu/ - (on bubble diagram builder withinteraction)

4. http://www.plannet.com/resources.htme - (on resource info)

32
 L T PC
ARB136 WORKSHOP -I 2 Credits
0 0 4 2
Goal To introduce conventional as well as contemporary materials and
techniques used for Model Making, Carpentry and Fabrication.

Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to: The students will be able to:
 Be familiar with the knowledge on design  Develop knowledge about
method for assembling, sculpting and modelmaking.
fabricating. Also know about partial safety  Use the laws of physics for
factor, stress - strain relationship of molding stabilizedmodels.
materials.  Use different materials and
techniques.
 Be acquainted with the knowledge ondesign
ofmodels.  Use conventional as well as
contemporary materials and
 Gain knowledge on different materials and their usagetechniques.
their safeusage.

 Be familiar with the importance of Site

tidiness and Safety measures to be
undertaken.

 Gain knowledge on load distributions,

Balance and Stabilization in relation to laws
of Physics while erecting models.

UNIT I MATERIALS AND TECHNIQUES(Carpentry) 5

Introduction to tools and equipment - Materials such as Timber, Plywood, System formwork
components: their classification, identification, selection, properties - Site tidiness and Safety
measures - Techniques used for Cutting and Joining - Different Joineries.

UNIT II DESIGN (Carpentry) 15

Model Making – Building Construction models - Conceptual Derivations in terms of
innovations brought in the material’s usage – Timber Joineries – Furniture Making

UNIT III MATERIALS ANDTECHNIQUES(Modeling) 5

Introduction on Sculpture making - Nature study, study of Human Body limbs, study of
Animals and Birds Body - Brief understanding on history of Sculpture making - Different
Materials introduction- P.O.P, Thermocol, Clay, Wires - Introduction to tools and methods of
using – Water – Material ratios - Safe usage of tools and Site tidiness

UNITIV DESIGN (Modeling) 15

Model Making - Thermocol Model, Furniture model, Sculpture making - Conceptual
Derivations in terms of innovations brought in the material’s usage – Understanding Physical
Properties of materials by their usage.

33
UNITV MATERIALS ANDTECHNIQUES (Fabrication) 5
Introduction on conventional installations done in an around world using contemporary
materials - Different materials introduction – Tensile materials, Dry leaves, repetition of
fundamental material - Preparation techniques and smart tricks to make the material’s use
efficient - Techniques for load bearing and self-stabilized fabrications - Safe usage of tools and
Site tidiness

UNIT VI DESIGN (Fabrication) 15

Model Making – Tallest model with Lightest Material, Tin Boxes, Tensile/Dry leaves canopy,
Abstract installations - Conceptual Derivations in terms of innovations brought in the material’s
usage - Understanding Physical Properties of materials by their usage

TOTAL: 60

REFERENCES

1. Model making: Materials & Methods by David Neat, 2008,Crowood.

2. Timber Construction Manual by Herzog, Schweitzer, Volz, Winter 4 th Edition,2005,
Birkhauser
3. Architectural Origami: Create models of the World’s great buildings by Ingrid Siliakus,
Apple2009
4. “Fun with paper folding” by Atsuko Nakata, Kazuo Kobayashi Publisher: Froebel-Kan
Co.Ltd.,
5. Carpentry by Floyd Vogt, 6 th Edition, 2014, DelmarLearning.

WEBSITES

www.firstpalette.com
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FaWKjzIp7d0
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YX5H71rLGB8
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1wgsXuAW2W8
www.startwoodworking.com

34
 SEMESTER III

CEB221 MECHANICS OF STRUCTURES II 3 Credits L T PC

3 0 0 3
Goal To impart the students with knowledge about different types of parameters
for the design of beam and column
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to The course should enable the students to
 Understand shear force and bendingmoment.  Impart knowledge on shear force and
 Understand shear stress distribution and bendingmoment.
bending momentdistribution  Learn shear stress distribution and bending
 Learn to find slope and deflection ofbeams moment distribution
 Understand the behaviour of long and short  Learn to find slope and deflection ofbeams
columns  Understand the behaviour of long and short
 Learn the behaviour of continuesbeams columns
 Learn the behaviour of continuesbeams

UNIT I- SHEAR FORCE ANDBENDING MOMENT 10

Conceptofshearingforcesandbendingmoments-shearforceandbendingmomentdiagramsfor
cantilever and simply supported beams subjected to point load, uniformly distributed loads and
theircombinations

UNIT II -STRESSESIN BEAMS 10

Theory of simple bending -bending stresses in beams, shear stresses in beams - examples on
simple sections. Stress distribution diagrams.
UNIT III- DEFLECTIONOFBEAMS 10
Slope and deflection at a section - Double Integration method for calculation of deflection for
simply supported and cantilever beams for concentrated loads and uniformly distributed loads.

UNIT IV- THEORYOFCOLUMNS 10

Short and long columns - Euler's theory and its limitations - Derivations of Euler's formula (for
different end conditions) – Rankine’s formula for columns (No derivations) – Application to
simple problems.
UNIT V- INTRODUCTION TOINDETERMINATE STRUCTURES 5
Concept in Analysis of continuous beams, fixed beams, and partial frames (No analysis
problems).

TOTAL: 45

35
TEXT BOOKS
1. R.S.Khurmi, N. Khurmi, “Strength of Materials”, S.Chand & Company Ltd., New
Delhi. 2015.

2.M.M.Ratwani& V.N.Vazirani, “Analysis of Structure”, Vol.1, Khanna Publishers –

Delhi, 2008

REFERENCES
1. Timoshenko, S.P., and D.H. Young, “Elements of Strength of Materials”, Fifth edition, East
West
Press, 2015.
2. B. C. Punmia Ashok Kr. Jain Arun Kumar Jain, “Strength of Materials and Theory of
Structures”, Vol. 1, Laxmi publications, New Delhi 2017.
3. R.K. Rajput “Strength of Materials”, S.Chand & Company Ltd., New Delhi.2012.

36
 L T PC
ARB202 HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE -III 3 Credits
3 0 0 3
Goal To inform the development of architecture of Europe from the Romanesque
period to the Renaissance period, (6th - 16th Century AD). To understand the
impact of various geographical, cultural, social, religious and political forceson
architecture.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Understand how religious and civic  Articulate knowledge on the constructionof
buildingswereconstructedwithgrammar. religious and civic buildings withgrammar.
 Understand the synthesis of structure and  Have a comprehensive knowledge about the
aesthetics during the Gothic period in development of Gothic Period in Franceand
France. express the synthesis of aesthetics and
structure with the aid ofsketches.
 Understand the architectural character of  Articulate knowledge on the architectural
Gothic style of buildings with plans,
elevations and sections of selected character of Gothic style of buildings in
buildings. Europe and express them with sketchesof
 Understand social and cultural influences plans, elevations andsections.
contributed to Renaissance architecturein  Have a comprehensive knowledge aboutthe
Italy. philosophy of Renaissance and how they
 Understand the philosophy ofrenaissance influenced architecture in England and
architects of France and England, as to France.
how they designed worldrenowned
buildings.

UNITI ROMANESQUE 8
The medieval ages - learning in the monasteries, evolution of the guilds - Factors influencing
architecture - outline of architectural character in Italy, France and England- Examples: Pisa
group, Italy Abbay aux Hommes, Caen, Tower of London.

UNIT IIFRENCHGOTHIC 6
Religious and social influences - evolution of vaulting and development of structural
systems - outline of Architectural character - Examples: Notre Dame,Paris.

UNIT III ENGLISH ANDITALIAN GOTHIC 6

Development of English gothic vaulting - outline of Architectural character in England and
Italy - Examples: Westminster Abbey, Hampton Court Palace, London, Doges Palace, Venice,
Milan Cathedral.

UNIT IVITALIANRENAISSANCE 15
The idea of rebirth and revival of art - sociological influences in art and
architecture-Developmentofthought,emergenceofmerchantcommunitiesandtheirpatronage.
Outline of the Architecture during the early Renaissance, High Renaissance and Baroque
Periods - Features of a typical Renaissance palace, eg. Palazzo Ricardi, Study of life history
philosophy, contribution of the following architects; Brunelleschi, Michelangelo, Andrea
Palladio.

37
UNIT V FRENCH&ENGLISH RENAISSANCE 10
OutlineofthearchitecturalcharacterofFrenchandEnglishRenaissance-DomesticArchitecture in
England - Study of the life, philosophy and works of the following architects: SirChristopher
Wren, InigoJones.

TOTAL 45

TEXT BOOKS

1. Rolf Toman “Gothic Architecture, sculpture, Painting” - 2010

2. Ross King “Brunelleschin’s dome” -2000
3. Rolf Toman “Romanesque : Architecture , Sculpture, Painting” -2010
4. Peter Murray “The Architecture of Italian Renaissance” -2009

REFERENCES

1. Yatin Bandya, “Concepts of Space in Traditional Indian Arch”, Mapin,2005.

2. Mitchell, George (1996) “The Hindu Temple, University of ChicagoPress.

3. Spiro Kostof , “A History of Architecture : Setting and Rituals”, Oxford University

Press, London, 2005 (digitized –2007).
4. Pier Luigi Nervi, “History of World Architecture Series”. Harry N.Abrame Inc. Publication,
NewYork,
5. Meaning in Western Architecture - Christian Norberg-Schulz-Rizzoli, NewYork

WEBSITES
http://www.lib.virginia.edu/- Renaissance and baroque
http://schools.cms.k12.nc.us/renaissanceOHS/Lists/Announcements/Attachments/63/APAHSummerread
ing.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236883619_Brunelleschi%27s_dome_in_Florence_The_maste
rpiece_of_a_genius
http://www.madeinsouthitalytoday.com/medieval-gothic-art-in-
italy.phphttp://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/romanesque/frenc
h.htmlhttp://www.britainexpress.com/architecture/early-
english.htmhttp://www.victorianweb.org/art/architecture/gothic/perpend
icular.html

38
 SURVEYING, LEVELLING AND LT PC3
CEB225 BUILDING LAYOUT 3 Credits 003
Goal To understand the principles of surveying, types of surveys, their applications and
to make students learn ‘plotting of building on site’.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Understand the principles ofsurveying.
 Know about the chain surveyingand  Gain the knowledge about the usage and
plane tablesurveying principles of various surveyinginstruments
 Understand the concept oftheodolite with proper care andadjustments.
surveying.  Describe the bearing systems and the
 Get exposed to total stationsurveying, instruments used in chain surveyingand
GIS andGPS. plane tablesurveying.
 Understand and learn to survey sloping  Use the instruments of levellingfor
and contoursites. levelling and contouringpurposes.
 Understand the concepts of levelling  Do the temporary and permanent
and its applications, prepare the siteto adjustments of Vernier transit,
start the constructionactivities. measurement of horizontal andvertical
 Learn plotting of building onsite. angles usingtheodolite.
 Know the various uses of total station,GIS
and GPS instrument.

UNIT I – CHAIN SURVEY AND LEVELLING 10

Chain survey- Principles, classification - Instruments used -ranging, reciprocal ranging,
leveling-methods of leveling -booking and reduction of levels- longitudinal leveling, cross
sectioning- errors in leveling, problems in leveling- contouring.

UNIT II – THEODOLITE SURVEY 8

Understand Theodolite survey-measurement of horizontal and vertical angles -problems tackled
like center line of building- setting out angles, etc.

UNIT III –CONTOUR SURVEY 9

Contouring methods- Characteristics and uses of contours- Understand and learn to survey
sloping site making of contour plan and section

Unit IV–ADVANCEDSURVEYING 9
Introduction and fundamental concepts of electronic measuring instruments –EMD, Total
station, Geographic Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS)

Unit V –SITE PREPARATION ANDBUILDINGLAYOUT 9

Making site fit to start construction activities - Barricading the site, making arrangements for
site office, stores, temporary accommodation of workers etc. with necessary power and water
connections- Marking and plotting roads, pathways, buildings and other facilities on site with
center/grid lines.

Practical Exposure in using surveying equipment to be given to the students.

39
 TOTAL45

TEXT BOOKS:

1. Punmia B.C., “Surveying”, Laxmi Publications Private Limited,2005.

2. Venkataramaiah, “Text book of Surveying”, University Press,2006.
3. Kevin Lynch, Site Planning, MIT PressCambridge,2008.

REFERENCES

1. Joseph De.Chiarra and Lee Coppleman, Planning Design Criteria Van Nostrand Reinhold Co.,
NewYork.
2. Beer R, Environmental Planning for Site development, Turner, Landscape Planningand
Environmental ImpactDesign.
3. T.P.Kanetkar, S.V.Kulkarni, “Surveying and Levelling”, Vol I, Pune Vidyarthi Griha
Prakashan,2004
4. Arora.K.R. “Surveying”, Vol I, Standard Book, New Delhi,2009.
5. Kanetkar T.P., and Kulkarni.S.V., “ Surveying and Levelling (Part-1)” , Pune, Vidyarthi Griha
Prakashan.
6. P.B. Sahani, “Modem Surveying”, Nemichand & Bros., Roorkhee,UP.

WEBSITES

https://civilmentor.com/levelling/
https://theconstructor.org/surveying/types-of-leveling-methods/14679/
http://www.civileblog.com/levelling/

40
ARB201 L T PC
THEORY OF ARCHITECTURE II 2 Credits
2 0 0 2
Goal Understand the principals of organization of forms and spaces, their variations
and application in architectural design by highlighting the connection between
architecture and society by exposure to character and style of various forms of
architectures and the driving forces behind it.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the students to: The course should enable the students to:
 Expose student to the relation between  Identify and apply the vocabularyof
form and spaces, resulting in defined organizing form andspaces
relationships and various forms of
organization influencing the concept of  Identify the various styles inarchitecture
design. and understands the driving forces
involved in architecturalchanges.
 Explain selected architectural styles and
their characteristic features. Lead the  Aware of various principles of
students to understand the reasons and composition and can apply them indesign
driving forces behind developments and
changes in Architectural forms and styles  Understands the aspects of circulation and
in various cultures over thecenturies.
the need for circulation diagrams andtheir
influence/importance in the design for
 Expose the students to various principals
ofcomposition specializedbuildings.

 Understands concepts and theoriesbehind

 Highlight the importance of the aspect of
movement and circulation and their contemporaryarchitecture.
implications in design with selected
samples  Aware that architecture with lasting
impact has a theoreticalbackground.
 Exposethestudentstheideasandconcepts
and philosophy of contemporaryarchitects
through analysis of selectedsamples.

UNIT I- ORGANISATION OF FORMSAND SPACES 5

a) Spatial Relationships: i) Space within space, ii) Interlocking spaces, iii) Adjacent spaces, iv)
Space linked by a common space b) Spatial Organization: influencing factors and their types
i) Centralized, ii) Linear, iii) Radial, iv) Clustered, v) Grid c) Articulation of forms and spaces
types: i) Edges and corners, ii) Surface. A Project on Creation of forms & spaces using the
principles learnt.

UNIT II- CHARACTER AND STYLEIN BUILDINGS 9

Factorsinfluencingthecharacterandstyleofbuildings.StudyofexamplesfromBuddhist,Hindu
andIslamicArchitectureinIndia-Greek,Roman,GothicRenaissance,ModernandPostModern
Movement.

UNIT III- PRINCIPLESOFCOMPOSITION 3

Unity, harmony and specific qualities of design to include dominance, punctuating effect,
dramatic effect, fluidity, climax, accentuation and contrast with building examples.

41
UNITIV-CIRCULATION 4
Functionofbuildingcirculationcomponentsofbuildingcirculation-Thebuildingapproach,The
building entrance, configuration of the path, path space relationship, form of circulation space
with examples. Simple circulation diagram forbuildings.

UNIT V -WORKS OFCONTEMPORARYARCHITECTS 9

Works of following modern and post modern architects and their ideologies and philosophies in
brief - Louis Sullivan, F.L.Wright, Louis Khan, Le Corbusier, Philip Johnson, Charles Correa,
and Michael Graves.

TOTAL: 30
TEXT BOOKS:
4. Francis D.K.Ching, “Architecture-Form, Space and Order”, 3rd ed. John Wiley,2007
5. Simon Unwin, Analysing Architecture, Routledge, London,2003.
6. V.S.Pramar, Design Fundamentals in Architecture, Somaiya Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi,
1997.

REFERENCES:
7. Leland M. Roth - Understanding Architecture, its experience history and meaning, Craftsman
house, 1994.
8. Peter von Meiss -Elements of architecture - from form to place, Spon Press1992.
9. Rudolf Arnheim- The dynamics of architectural form, University of California Press2009.
10. Paul Alan Johnson - The Theory of Architecture - Concepts and themes, Van Nostrand Reinhold
Co., New York,1994.
11. James F. Eckler - The language of space and form, John Wiley and sons, New Jersey,2012.
12. ThefourelementsofArchitecture-SemperGoltfried-CambridgeUniversitypress,London,2011

WEBSITES:
https://www.archdaily.com/488929/a-theory-of-architecture-part-1-pattern-language-vs-form-
language
http://www.arch.ttu.edu/people/faculty/Neiman_B/bldgex06/2006_09_15_theory_arch_analysis
.pdf

42
 CEB222 3 Credits L T PC
BUILDING SERVICES – I
3 0 0 3
Goal To sensitize students that efficiency of building function also depends on integration
of services like sewage disposal system, water supply systems, identification of
sources,segregation,treatment,augmentation,distribution,theimportantequipments
and gadgets involved, their installation and maintenance.

Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to: The students will be able to:

 Have knowledge on rainwater harvesting,  Find the type of impurity present in water and the
management, and how to recycle wastewater effect of the impurities in humanbody.
from the buildings and at citylevels.
 Understand theoretical fundamentals of sewage  Know the Fundamentals of sanitation in buildings,
treatment, their collection and disposal at various sewage treatment process, and construction
campus level and construction system involved details of sewer andconnections.
inservices.
 Understand other city level disposal collection,  Know about the collection, conveyance, recycling
conveyance, recycling, and storm water drains and disposal of town refusesystems.
anddispersals.
 Understand the need of rain water management  Select, install and maintain the various pumps as
and conservation of raw and wastewater. available in the Indianmarket.
 Understandtheselectionandchoice,installation
and maintenance of various types ofpumps  Collectrainwaterandconserverawandwastewater. Use
them for appropriatepurposes.

UNITI WATER QUALITIES, PURIFICATION, TREATMENT AND

DISTRIBUTION 12

Surface and ground water sources - quality/quantity - nature of impurities - treatments - water
supply systems - treatment systems - centralized treatment - user and treatment - Desalination -
ozonisation - reverse osmosis etc. - Distribution system in small towns - Types of pipes used -
Laying, jointing, testing internal water supply in buildings - Municipal byelaws, regulations,
standards.

UNITII RAIN WATER MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION OF RAW AND

WASTEWATER 6
Water conservation, rainwater collection - methods of harvesting - storm water drains in layouts,
towns and cities - Waste water recycling.

UNITIII FUNDAMENTALS, SEWAGE TREATMENT AND SEWERAGE

SYSTEMS 12

Environmental sanitation - Sanitation in buildings. Primary and secondary treatment -

Activated sludge - Intermittent and trickling sand filters - Arrangement of sewerage systems in
Housing, large factories, shopping centers - sewage pumping station, sewage disposal,
construction details of sewers and connections.

43
UNITIV CITY LEVEL SERVICESAND DISPOSAL 6
Collection, conveyance, recycling and disposal of town refuse system - sanitation in unsewered
areas of cities - alignment of storm water drains in residential areas and cities.

UNITV PUMPS AND MOTORS, SANITARY FIXTURES AND FITTING -

PRODUCTRANGE 9

Pumps including reciprocating, centrifugal, deep well, submersible, sewage pumps - their
selection and choice, installation and Maintenance.

TOTAL :45
TEXT BOOKS
1. K.N.Duggal, “Elements of Environmental Engineering”, Chand & Co.,2010
2. P.C.Punmia, “Environmental Engineering 1” Vol I – Water Supply, Vol II Waste water,
Laxmi Publication,2016.
3. S.K.Garg, “Environmental Engineering” Vol I, Khanna Publishers,2001

REFERENCES

1. S.C.Rangwala, “Water Supply and Sanitary Engineering, Charotar Publishing House, Anand
388 601,2010.
2. G.M.Fair,J.C.GeyerandD.Okun,“WaterandWasteWaterTechnology”,Vol.II,JohnWiley &
Sons, Inc., New York, 2010.
3. “ManualofWatersupplyandTreatment”,SecondEdition,CPHEEO,MinistryofWorksand
Housing, NewDelhi,
4. “Manual on Sewerage and Sewage Treatment”, CPHEEO, Ministry of Works and Housing,
NewDelhi,.

44
 L T PC 2
MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTIONIII
ARB213 4 Credits 044

Goal To introduce knowledge of how cement, concrete and reinforcements are used in
various building components like foundations, columns, beams, slabs and staircases.
The input is provided as theoretical knowledge base and practical applications in the
form of construction drawings as included in objective below.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Provide information and knowledge about the  Design medium span low rise RCC framestructure
ingredients of concrete like cement -its building with detailing of all RCC
varieties, properties uses andapplications element/components at different levels like
 Aggregates, types of rocks, sizesof foundation, plinth, lintel & slablevel
aggregates, sand and itsproperties.  Design RCC staircase of appropriate formand
 Understand how cement concrete, structural system withdetails.
reinforcement are used in different building
components.
 Load transfer in RCC frame building and role
of different RCC structuralmembers.
 Construction of simple RCC framed building
with RCC footings, columns, lintels, lofts,
shading devices, beams and slab,etc.
 Concrete stairs according to profile namely
straight flight, quarter turn, dog- legged open
well bifurcated, helical and spiral. Structural
system for stairs, waste slab,stringer-trimmer,
cantilever steps, folded plate/slabsteps.
 Embodied energy and impact of the
processing and use of these materials on
environment.

UNIT I - CEMENT ANDCEMENT CONCRETE 18

Varieties of cement, composition, properties and uses, tests for cement mortar for various
works.- Ingredients suitability requirements for aggregates, grading of aggregates- water mix in
concrete admixtures, properties of concrete.- Concreting process its properties, grades in
concrete, batching, mixing, transporting, placing, compaction, curing, quality control, tests for
concrete, joints in concrete, concrete finishes.

UNIT II - REINFORCED CEMENTCONCRETE(R.C.C) 12

Introduction to R.C.C - Types of reinforcement bars, cutting, bending and binding of

reinforcement bars- Pattern of reinforcement in RCC element -concrete cover- Centering,
shuttering and form work.

UNITIII - RCC FRAMESTRUCTURE BUILDING 27

45
 Introduction to framed structures -Concrete in foundations, types of RCC foundations like
isolated, combined, continuous, strap footing- RCC columns in sub- structure and super
structure-RCC elements at ground and plinth level like beams, slabs-RCC elements at lintel
level like lintels, lintel beams, shades, canopy, porch, lofts, etc-RCC elements at roof/slab or
intermediate floor level like simply supported, continuous and cantilever beams, one way,
two way, cantilever and continuous slab.

UNIT IV –CONCRETESTAIRCASES 12

Factors involving staircase design, types of staircases like straight flight, doglegged, quarter
turn, bifurcated, spiral, helical, etc- Different support conditions like inclined slab, cranked
slab, continuous, cantilever foundations, finishes for staircase, detailing of handrails and
balusters.

UNIT V– MISCELLANEOUS ELEMENTS IN RCC ANDFERROCEMENT 6

RCC base floor, RCC walls, louvers, fins, pergolas, parapets, copings, RCC drops, Ferro
cement shelves, grill/ jali, interlocking paver blocks, etc.

STUDIO PRACTICALS / SESSIONAL WORKS AND ASSIGNMENTS:

Manual drafting of Construction drawing sheets/plates, of selected topics in standard

format- Periodic visits to the construction sites- Notes /sketches and Site visit reports.

Note: Drawing sheets/plates will be evaluated continuously.

TOTAL 75
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Dr.B.C.Punmia, “Building Construction”, Firewall Media,2005.
2. Francis D.K. Ching, ‘Building Construction Illustrated’ , John Wiley and Sons,,Inc.,
2002

REFERENCES

1. W.B.Mckay , “Building Construction”, Vol. 1, 2,3- Longmans U.K2010.

2. S.C.Rangwala , “Engineering Materials”, Charotar Publishing House – Anand2007

3. Alan Banc, “Stairs, steps, ramps”, Butter worth Heinemann Ltd.,1996
4. M.S. Shetty, “Concrete Technology- Theory and Practice”, S.Chand & Co.Ltd., New Delhi,
2005.
5. Stephen Emmit , Christopher A.Gorse, “Barry’s Introduction to Construction of Buildings”-
Second edition, Wiley –Blackwell,2013.
6. StephenEmmit,ChristopherA.Gorse,“Barry’sAdvancedConstructionofBuildings”-Second
edition, Wiley –Blackwell,2014.

WEBSITES:
1. Economy/companies/construction/concrete/materials
2. http://www.easyads.co.2a/yellow/india/construct
3. http://www.concrete.t.v-tokyo.ac.ip
4. www.larsentoubro.com
5. www.dalmiacement.com/index.html

46
 ARB231 L T PC
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN – III 7 Credits
0 0 14 7
Goal To enable the student into the process of design articulate, glorify spaces in
respectofbuildingsofsmallscale,smallspan,horizontalandverticalmovements
(two or three levels), incorporating barrier free elements and details.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Enable student to familiarize with the  Learn single level planning in smallscale
given design topic by choosing, relevant  Solve design solution and present in theform
and appropriate case studies within the ofdrawing.
region, visiting the sites and analyzingthe
same.

 Expose students to familiarize with the

given topic of design by arrangingspecial
lectures fromarchitects.

 Expose him/her to knowledge available

on the relevant design atinternational
level, through books and websites.

UNIT IDESIGN STUDIO 180

Single level planning in small scale, small span, horizontal movement and simple vertical
movement, data collection, case studies, analysis and presentation of studies – Data collection
with respect to design and detailing for physically handicapped persons - Concepts and
presentation of design with scaled models

Examples: Residential buildings, Institutional buildings: banks, nursery or primary schools,

primary health center, school for children with learning disabilities, neighborhood market, etc.

TOTAL: 180

TEXT BOOKS:

1. De. Chiara and Callender, “Time-saver Standards for Building Types”, McGraw-Hill
Co., New York,1973.
2. The Handbook of Building Types., NEUFERT ARCHITECTS DATA, New
International edition, second international edition. BSP Professional Books. Oxford
(1980) Blackwell scientificPublications.
3. Time – Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data, seventh edition. The reference of
architectural fundamentals McGraw hill international edition, architectural series(1998).
4. Ed.By.Quentin Pickard RIBA “The Architects’ Hand Book”, Bladewell Science Ltd.,
2002
47
REFERENCES:

1. Handbook on Building Construction Practices (Excluding Electrical Work). Bureauof

Indian Standards, New Delhi,1997
2. National Building book of India 2005, Bureau of Indian Standards, NewDelhi
3. Macmillan Encyclopedia architects, Vol II, The free press, London,1982
4. A visual dictionary of Architecture, Francis D.K.Ching, John wiley & Sons, Inc.1997

WEBSITES
1. http://www.hamptons.com/freshair

2. http://www.columbiamedical.com

3. http://www.mgarchitects.com

48
 SEMESTER IV

CEB224 3 Credits L T PC
DESIGN OF STRUCTURES-1
3 0 0 3
Goal To enable students understand on steel structures. At this stage they would be
exposed to the design of riveted and welded joints and steel beams and columns.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Inform to students the need for Steel  Understandtheneedforsteelstructure,andthe
Structures, the concept of abstract and conceptofabstractanddetailedDesignofsteel
detailed Design of steelstructure. Structure.

 Inform the importance andcontribution

ofBoltConnections,Weldconnections  Calculate the stability of Bolt & Weld
Connections.

 Make students know about the Design

of steel beams &columns.  Designsteelcolumnandbeamsforthevarious
SupportCondition.

UNITI PROPERTIES OF STEEL & INTRODUCTION TO LIMIT STATEDESIGN

5
Structural properties of steel – codal provisions and design requirements of steel - Limit
state - characteristic load and characteristic strength of materials - partial safety
factor - stress-strain relationship of steel - safety and serviceabilityrequirements.

UNIT IIBOLTEDJOINTS 10
Bolted joints-lap joints-butt joints, Analysis and Design.

UNIT IIIWELDEDJOINTS 10
Types of welding, permissible stresses, Design of fillet welds (excluding eccentric connections)

UNIT IVSTEELBEAMS 10
Allowable stresses, General specifications, Design of laterally supported beams.

UNIT VSTEELCOLUMNS 10
Allowable stresses, various shapes, built - up sections, Design of columns –simple cross sections
only.

TOTAL 45

TEXT BOOKS
1. Ramachandra S., “Design of Steel Structures”, Standard Book House, Delhi,2006.
2. IS 800:2007 General Condition in Steel – Code ofpractice

49
 3. ComprehensiveDesignofSteelStructures,Pumia,A.KJain,LakshmiPublications,Delhi
2009
4. Composite Structures of Steel & Concrete: Beams, Slabs, Columns & Frames for
buildings, Volume-1, R.PJohnson,2013

REFERENCES

1. “National Building Code of India – 2005”, Part VI, StructuralDesign.

2. L.SNegi“DesignofsteelStructures”,TataMcGraw-HillBookCompany,NewDelhi
2009.
3. S.K Duggal, Design of Steel Structures, Tata McGraw-Hill Book Company, New
Delhi .2010
4. “Teaching Resources for Structural Steel Design” – Vol I and II – INSDAGKolkata

WEBSITE:
1. www.steel_insdag.org

50
ARB204 L T PC
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE - IV 3 Credits
3 0 0 3
Goal To inform the students on the influence of Islamic and British Neoclassical style
in India.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Understand the emergence of Islamic  Identify and discuss the finer points and
Architecture with the need for newer nuances of Islamic architecture and its
typologiesofbuildingsandtoknowhow influence on the development of
style is unique in terms of its elements, Architectural sciences andstyles.
décor, materials and construction  Provide an understanding on the various
systems. styles and the ruler patrons who influenced
 Identify and critically discuss the thedevelopmentofthisstyleofarchitecture.
predominant Delhi or imperial style as  Realize the techniques and wonders behind
well as the characteristic features of various Islamic architectural and
provincial style through study and landscaping elements and principles and re-
drawings of selectedbuildings. interpret them in today’scontext.
 Be exposed to various Mughal rulers  Discuss the impact of colonialism and the
who contributed to Islamic architecture wealth of architectural legacy the period
and the development of its famed introduced inIndia
landscapedesign.  Critically evaluate historical principles and
 Realize the impact of colonialism in methods and impart that learning to create
India - the adoption of Neo-classical informed and relevant current architectural
architecture and the development of the solutions that are meaningful and rooted in
Indo Sarcenicstyle. our historic and traditional knowledge and
wealth.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TOISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE 8

Influences on Islamic Architecture – a Brief study on the Islamic Architectural Character: the
mosque, the tomb, and minaret, the madarasa, the palace, the caravanserai, vernacular
architecture, the market - important principles, elements and character of Islamic architecture in
termsofstructurematerialsandmethodsofconstruction,elementsofdecoration,color,geometry, light.

UNIT II DELHI ORIMPERIAL STYLE 5

Development of architectural style during the rule of the slave, Khalji, Tuqlaq, Sayyid and Lodhi
Dynasties - important examples for each period.

UNIT IIIPROVINCIAL STYLE 12

Development of the provincial styles in different regions - Punjab, Jaunpur, Bengal, Gujarat,
Malwa,theDeccan(Bijapur,Golconda,BidarandGulbarga)-importantexamplesforeachstyle.

UNIT IV CONTRIBUTION OF RULERS OFISLAMIC INDIA 12

Development of the Mughal style under the different rulers - Babur, Shershah, Humayun,
Akbar, Jahangir, Shahjahan, Aurangazeb - important examples - development of the Mughal
garden - important examples.

51
UNIT V ARCHITECTURE INCOLONIAL INDIA 8
Colonialismanditsimpact-EarlyBritishNeo-classicalArchitecture-Indo-SarcenicArchitecture and
the works of Chisholm - P.W.D. and the Institutionalization of Architecture - Building New
Delhi.

TOTAL 45

TEXT BOOK
1. Sir Banister Fletcher, “A History of Architecture”, University of London, The
Athlone,Press 1996, 20th edition.
2. Percy Brown, “Indian Architecture (Islamic Period.)”- Tarapore Vala and Sons Bombay
1996.
3. Satish Grover, “Islamic Architecture In India”, CBS Pub.,2003

REFERENCES
4. Sir H.M. Elliot. K.C. B “The History of India, by its own historians, The Muhammadan
Period”.
5. Dr. G. Venkataraman “History of Historical Building and Monuments in and around
Chennai”.
6. Thomas. R. Metcalf - “An ImperialVision”.
7. J Duncan M Derrett, 2007“Indian Islamic Architecture: Forms and Typologies, Sites and
Monuments”.
8. Bianca Maria Alfierie, - “ Islamic Architecture of the Indian SubContinent”
9. The History of Architecture in India from the Dawn of civilization to the End of the Raj,
Phaidon, London,2002
10. Christopher Tadgell, The History of Architecture in India, Penguin Books (India) Ltd,
New Delhi1990.
11. Catherine Asher, Architecture of Mughal India, Cambridge University Press2001.

WEBSITES
http://www.islamicart.com/pages/archcrea/index.htmhttp://libraries.mit.edu/rvc/aka/
agakhan/index.htmlhttp://www.greatbuildings.com//types/styles/islamic.html
https://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2011/06/ARTH303-DelhiSultanate-
FINAL.pdf
http://indiagateway.com/culture/architecture.html
https://academy.gktoday.in/article/architecture-of-delhi-sultanate
http://www.ets.uidaho.edu/arch499/nonwest/Islam1.html

52
 LTP C
ARB207 BUILDING SCIENCE 3 Credits 3003

Goal To educate students about importance of building sciences and its role in enhancing
functional efficiency of architectural creation.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Understand basics of heat flow through  Control heat flow through buildings and apply
building elements and heat exchange of principles of thermal design in built
building and itscontrol. environment to control thermal radiation of
 Learn effect of solar radiation on built different building facades androof.
environment and principles of thermal  Create comfortable living andworking
design. condition inside thebuilding.
 Expose to the basics of good acoustical  To design buildings with good and
design in a building and means to control satisfactoryacoustics.
noise.  To design a low energy building with passive
 Inform about daylight, prediction technique methods to reduce our dependency on
of daylight and its role in energyefficiency. artificial energy based lighting, cooling and
 Learn about ventilation and air movement in heating ofbuildings.
and around the building and importance of
convectivecooling.
 Enable students to learn about sources of
renewable energy and its use in buildings and
built environment.

UNIT I – HEAT AND THERMAL QUANTITIES IN BUILT ENVIRONMENT12

Temperature, heat, specific heat, volumetric specific heat- Heat flow – conduction, convection,
radiation, conductivity, resistivity, conductance, transmittance, role of density and cavity,
transmittance of heat through single and multi-layered body, recommended values of
transmittance through building elements- Heat exchange and heat balance of human body- Heat
exchangeofbuildings,heatflowrateduetoconduction,convectionandradiation,heatgainsand heat
loss simple calculation- Insulation and time lag -Radiation through atmosphere and its
distribution, spectrum of radiation, green house, effect in an enclosed space and at global level -
Solar Radiation quantity, Radiation on the surface of the earth, cosine law, angle of incidence -
Position of the sun in relation to the building façade, solar altitude angle, solar azimuth angle,
wall azimuthangle

UNIT II– DAYLIGHT 9

Introduction to light and day light-nature, transmission, reflection, color of light, photo metric
quantities - Illumination, visual efficiency, illumination quantity and quality, visual field -
Sourcesofdaylight,daylightfactorconcept,designvariables,designskyconcept,daylightingin
tropics, in hot-dry , warm humid and other types of climate - Means of admitting daylighting in
building-Daylightrequirement&predictiontechnique-Clearskyandovercastskyconditions- Use of
light tube and opticalfiber

53
UNIT III – ACOUSTICS ANDNOISECONTROL 8

Introduction to sound and sound waves, power and intensity -Nature of sound
Noise in enclosed space- Airborne sound transmission - Direct and reverberant sound, eco,
means of noise control - Reflective and absorbing surfaces, sound insulation and materials
for sound insulation - Distances, screening, sound barriers - Planning and design
.

UNIT IV – VENTILATION AND AIR MOVEMENT IN ANDAROUND BUILDING 8

Function of ventilation, supply of fresh air, convective cooling, stack effect, temperature and
pressure difference - Air flow around the building- factor affecting normal air movement
and velocity - Effect on windward side, effect on leeward side, orientation, shape and form
of the building wind shadow - Air flow inside the building, position, size and number of
openings, external features on the building façade, cross ventilation and air movement
inside, effect of sashes, shades, louvres and other accessories and controls

UNIT V–RENEWABLEENERGY 8

Introduction to renewable energy and its importance in today’s context - Solar energy- its
use and application in hot water supply, cooking and producing electricity using photo-
voltaic cells - Space requirement, installation, connection with grid power and financial
vitality - Wind energy, types of wind turbine, their installation, utility and financial vitality -
Tidal energy/ energy from small fast moving waterchannels- Geo thermal energy -
Bureau of energy efficiency (BEE) buildingcode

TOTAL 45
TEXT BOOKS:
1. O.H. Koenigsberger and others, “Manual of tropical housing and building climatic design”,
University press, Chennai,2010.
2. A.Konya, Design Primer for Hot Climates, Architectural Press,London,2002
3. Energy Efficient Buildings in India- Published by TERI –2001
4. Fuller Moore, “Environmental Control Systems”,McGraw-Hill,Inc., New Delhi,2003

REFERENCES

1. M.Evans, “Housing, Climate and Comfort” , Architectural Press,London,2002

2. Joseph de Chiarra and Le Copplemann, “Planning and Design Criteria”,Mc.Graw-Hill, New
York2006
3. B.Givoni, Man, “Climate and Architecture, Applied Science”, Banking Essex,2004
4. Ms.Sudha, N.K.Bansal and M.A.S.Malik, “Solar Passive Building “, PergamonPress.
5. Energy Conservation BuildingCode

WEBSITES:

1. www.teriin.org/
2. http://solstice.crest.org/efficiency/index.shtml

54
 LTP C
CLIMATE AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
ARB215 3 Credits 3003

Goal To create awareness that architecture to a large extent gets influenced by climate by
exposing the student to elements of climate, climatic zones, and methods to design
climate responsive buildings in order to reduce our dependency on artificial energy
and fossil based fuel for creating comfortable living and working conditions in built
environment.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Provide information on factors that  Control heat flow through buildings and apply
contribute to climate and what is a principles of thermal design in built environment to
comfortzone. control thermal radiation of different buildingfacades
 Enable students to understand the androof.
movement of sun itspaths.  Create comfortable living and workingcondition
inside thebuilding.
 To design buildings with good and satisfactory
acoustics.
 To design a low energy building with passive
methods to reduce our dependency onartificial
energy based lighting, cooling and heating of
buildings.

UNIT I – ELEMENTSOFCLIMATE 12

Introduction to climate and weather, atmosphere, Tilt in earth’s axis and Earth-sun relationship -
Elements of climate-temperature, humidity, vapor pressure, precipitation, driving rain, sky
conditions, solar radiations, wind and vegetation, climatic data and its measurement, methods of
representing climatic data in the form of tables, graphics etc., five useful values - Introduction to
Global climate, earth thermal balance, solar radiation-quality and quantity, spectrum of solar
radiation, passage of radiation through atmosphere global wind pattern, classification of tropical
climate, climatic zones, tropical climate, warm humid climate, warm humid island climate, hot-
dry desert climate, hot- dry maritime desert climate, composite or monsoon climate, tropical
uplandclimate-Siteclimate/microclimate-effectofsiteconditionsonvariousclimaticelements,
variation from climate of theregion.

UNIT II – COMFORT AND THERMAL COMFORT INDICES 9

Introduction to thermal comfort factors - Heat production of human body - Thermal balance of
human body and effect of prolonged exposure to extreme climatic conditions - Thermal comfort
indices, comfort scale, Effective Temperature, Corrected Effective Temperature, Resultant
temperature and other indices with special emphasis on tropical thermal index, bio climatic and
Psychro-metric chart - Effective temperature and its use - Revisions of ET scale, Mean radiant
temperature, Finding the CET, Kata thermometer, Comfort zone, Use of CET, Climate analysis
with CET, Effective Temperature histogram, ET isopleths
55
UNIT III – MEANS OFTHERMAL CONTROL 8

Introduction to thermal control, passive and active methods, potential of climatic control,
objectives of thermal control - Structural, constructional or architectural controls- need for
architectural control, thermal insulation and solar control - Cooling by ventilation, earth tunnel,
evaporative cooling, cooling by other passive methods - Building orientation, four principle
orientations, climatic elements influencing orientation - Openings and fenestrations, effect of
shading devices, accessories, blinds and curtains.- Introduction to different types of shading
devices – horizontal shading devices, vertical shading devices, egg- crate shading devices,
adjustable and moveable shading devices - Shadow angles, Sun path diagrams/Solar chart for
different latitudes, design and calculation of projection of shading devices.

UNIT IV – PRINCIPLES OFCLIMATICDESIGN 8

Introduction to climatic design - Climatic design at settlement planning and urban design stage -
Climatic design at architectural design and construction stage

UNIT V– SHELTERS IN DIFFERENTCLIMATICZONES 8

Nature of the climate - Major climatic issues involved affecting design of the shelters in Hot-
Dry and Maritime desert climates, Warm-humid climates, Composite climates and Tropical
Upland climates with emphasis on - Functional and climatic requirements, Shape and form of
the shelters - planning, outdoor / Semi out door spaces - External surfaces and finish,
Openings/fenestration and shading devices - Ventilation and Air movement.- Vernacular
architecture in the above climaticzones.

TOTAL 45
TEXT BOOKS:

1. O.H. Koenigsberger and others, “Manual of tropical housing and building climatic design”,
University press, Chennai,2010.
2. A.Konya, Design Primer for Hot Climates, Architectural Press,London,2002
3. Energy Efficient Buildings in India- Published by TERI –2001
4. Fuller Moore, “Environmental Control Systems”,McGraw-Hill,Inc., New Delhi,2003

REFERENCES
1. Arvind Krishnan, “Climate Responsive Architecture- A Design Handbook for Energy Efficient
Buildings”, Tata Mc.Graw Hill publications Co.,ltd,NewDelhi,2004
2. Mili Mjumdar, “Energy Efficient Buildings inIndia”,TERI press,NewDelhi,2002.
3. M.Evans, “Housing, Climate and Comfort” , Architectural Press,London,2002
4. Joseph de Chiarra and Le Copplemann, “Planning and Design Criteria”,Mc.Graw-Hill,
New York2006
5. B.Givoni, Man, “Climate and Architecture, Applied Science”, Banking Essex,2004
6. Ms.Sudha, N.K.Bansal and M.A.S.Malik, “Solar Passive Building “, PergamonPress.

56
WEBSITES

1. www.teriin.org/
2. http://solstice.crest.org/efficiency/index.shtml
3. cpwd.gov.in/CPWDNationBuilding/InaugurationPM25.02.../architectural_design.pdf
4. http://mnre.gov.in/

57
 L T PC
3 Credits
ARB208 BUILDING SERVICES II 3 0 0 3
Goal To explore integration of all the allied building services into their Architectural
Design.Toexploreallthefundamentals,byelaws,RulesandRegulations,Codesand
understand the importance of references and Recommendations. Example: National
Building Code, National Plumbing code, National Electrical Code, EGBCfor
Lighting and International Lighting Codes.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:

 Expose the students on the basics of  Exercise on soundscape and Acoustical Design brief
acoustics and it relation with the for a Design Context like Lecture Halls, Classrooms,
buildingprofile. Conference room, Theatres andAuditoriums.

 Give detailed input on low and high  Understand Electrical Symbols used in Electrical
voltage supplies, precautionary Layouts and understand reading an Electrical layout
methods required for safety, electrical as SLD and understand the technical design brief for
circuit supply and distribution and an Electrical Design for a Building. Understand the
knowledge on Sub-station required for concept of Safety, Security and control in Electrical
public buildings andcampuses. System.

 Enable students to understand the  Understand the Design of Lightingand Integration of

importance of lighting in buildings for same with Architectural Design and explore all the
visual appreciation, factors and laws fundamentals of Lighting in arriving at a technical
involved inillumination.
Design brief for aBuilding.
 Give additional knowledge on sources  Understand the Selection criteria of Lighting fixtures
of light, its classification andintensities and fittings based on comparison of technical
required for various types of gadgets, specification of various vendors available in the
their advantages and disadvantages in Market.
usage.
 Browse catalogues of various vendors of Elevators,
 Expose the students on basics of Escalators, Dumpwaiters, Car Lifts, Freight Liftsand
mechanized transportation in buildings Hospital Lifts, Fire Lifts and provide a comparative
and complexservices. Statement on the Technical specification of selected
Vendors.

UNITI ACOUSTICS 10

Acousticfundamentals-propertiesofsoundandwaves,characteristicofsound,acousticmaterials and
their properties. Sound field in enclosures, sound propagation and transmission inside the
building. Noise control criteria and regulations- instrumentation- noise source- room acoustics-
wall, barriers andenclosures.

UNIT II ELECTRICAL SYSTEMAND INSTALLATION 10

Basics of Electricity: electrical supply system, supply voltage, voltage drop, phase & line,
voltage and current relationship. Use of single phase, two phase, three phase etc. Main Boards

58
& sub distribution boards for multi storied buildings, Standby power supply distribution, layout
of substation, transformers, switch gears and safety methods.
Principles and practices of Earthing: definition, types, lighting arrestor. ISI specification.
Protective devices in electrical installation. Types of wires, wiring system and designing the
electrical layout for a building, factors and constraints. Case studies on electric core

UNIT III LIGHTING ILLUMINATIONAND DESIGN 15

Characteristics of light, visual task, factors affecting visual task, synthesis of light, room
reflectance, glare, Measurements of lighting, Intensity, flux, luminous efficiency, Work surface,
laws of illumination, MSCP, MHCP, color temperature, color rendering, space height ratio,
depreciation factor, utilization factor day light factor.
Artificial light sources: characteristics, types of lamps, luminaries cost and its application,
artificial lighting- types, arrangement methods, types of fixtures, lighting controls etc. methods
of mounting and lighting control Luminaries classification. Lumen method for design.
Minimum level of illumination required for physically challenged and visually challenged.
Exercises- designing of modern lighting- stores, office, residence, etc

UNIT IVCONVEYINGSYSTEMS 10

Mechanized transportation in buildings: lifts, escalators, conveyors, travelators. Location of

service core in buildings. Lifts – types, Basic dimension, Traffic analysis, Round trip time, lift
pit, machine room, lift operation, arrangement of lifts, capacity, car size, design criteria.
Escalators – basic dimension, Characteristics, arrangement and disposition. Conveyors and
Walkways

TOTAL 45

TEXT BOOKS
1. Norbert Lechner - “Plumbing Electricity, Acoustics, Sustainable Design methods for
Architecture”.
2. Joseph B Wujek, Frank R. Dagostino “ Mechanical and Electrical Systems in
Architecture, Engineering and Construction –2010

REFERENCES
1. Lighting Modern Buildings by Derek Philips2000
2. David Egan “Architectural Acoustics” McGraw-HillInc.,US
3. Philips, “Lighting in Architectural Design”, McGraw-Hill, NewYork,.
4. “Light Architecture” – New Edge city, Cianni Ranulo, Birkhauser – Publishers forArchitecture
5. “Lighting Design”, Ulrike Brandi Light, , Institute for International Architectural Documentation
GMBH & Co.KG
6. “Road Lighting for Safety”, Da.Schrender, Dr.Ir,Dr.Schreuder,

WEB SITE
www.certainteed.com/resources/www.erc
o.com/handbookoflightingdesignwww.zu
mtobel.com/lichthandbuchwww.electrical
-
knowhow.orgwww.electricaltechnology.o
rgwww.beeindia.gov.in
59
 L T PC 2
MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTIONIV
ARB216 3 Credits 023

Goal To enable the students to understand and learn structural and non- structural, ferrous
and non- ferrous metals and construction of building elements like roof trusses and
steel frame structure building components including manufacturing process of steel
and other ferrous and non- ferrous metals, properties and usages.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Study ferrous and non- ferrous metals in  Understand the progressive achievements of cast
detail and their role in construction iron to steel, types of steel. Its properties,
industry, manufacturingprocess. application in construction industry and present
 Study steel construction in detail like developments.
steel trusses and steel structuralframe.  Understand the steel in foundation, columns,
 Study aluminum alloys, copper, brass, tin beams and roofs. Details on steel stair cases,
and lead. doors, windows.
 Study aluminum doors, windows,  Understand and learn construction of steelframe
partitions etc. Use of copper, bronze structurebuilding.
brass in buildingconstruction.  Understand properties and use of ferrous and
non- ferrous metals in buildingindustry.
 Understand in detail how aluminum, its alloys
and its products are used in construction
industry.

UNIT I - IRONANDSTEEL 10

Brief study on manufacture, properties and uses of cast iron, wrought iron, pig iron and steel
anticorrosive measures for steel, mechanical and heat treatment of steel, market forms of steel,
structural steel, stainless steel, steel alloys, properties and uses of current developments .- Steel
rolled sections.

UNIT II - STEEL TRUSSES AND STEELFRAME BUILDING 28

Understand different types of steel trusses supported by brick pier, RCC column and steel
structures with MS sections, load transfer, tensile & compressive members, terminology used,
joints in trusses. - Roof covering sheets, G.I. and cement corrugated sheets, P.V.C and F.R.P
Sheets, Aluminum and coated steel profiled sheets etc, fixing details - Types of connections and
joints in steel, steel frame building, steel foundations, columns/ stanchons / and beams/girders .-
Joints between different steel structural members in different locations and detailing.

60
UNITIII - STEEL STAIRSANDOPENINGS 14

Steel staircases and handrails, balusters, standard doors and windows,collapsible gates, rolling
shutters.

UNIT IV –NONFERROUSMETALS 8

Aluminum and aluminum alloys, brief study on properties and uses, aluminum products
extrusions, foils, castings, sheets, etc. - Brief study of other non- ferrous metals like copper,
bronze, brass, tin and lead, properties and uses - Current developments.

UNIT V– ALUMINUM DOORS, WINDOWS ANDFIXED GLAZING 15

Aluminum openable, sliding, sliding and folding glazed/panelled doors - Aluminum

openable, sliding windows and fixed glazing - Aluminum fixed glazing for
showrooms,shops,showcases,etc.

STUDIO PRACTICALS / SESSIONAL WORKS AND ASSIGNMENTS:

Manual drafting of Construction drawing sheets/plates, of selected topics in standard format -

Periodic visits to the construction sites- Notes /sketches and Site visit reports.

Note: Drawing sheets/plates will be evaluated continuously.

TOTAL 75
TEXT BOOKS:

1.S.C.Rangwala , “Engineering Materials”, Charotar Publishing House, India, 2007.

2.. W.B.Mckay, “Building Construction”, Vol. 1, 2,3- Longmans U.K 2010.
3.. Dr.B.C.Punmia, “Building Construction”, Laxmi Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2005.

REFERENCES

1.. Arthur Lyons, “Materials for Architects and Builders an Introduction” Arnold, London,
2004.
2. Harold B. Olin, Construction Principles Materials and Methods, The Institute ofFinancial
Education, Chicago,2006.
3. Don A. Watson, Construction Materials and processes, McGraw Hill Co.,2003
4. Francis Ching, ‘Building Construction Illustrated’, Jhon Viley and Sons,, Inc,2002
5. Stephen Emmit, Christopher A.Gorse, “Barry’s Introduction to Construction of Buildings”-
Second edition, Wiley –Blackwell,2013.
6. Stephen Emmit, Christopher A.Gorse, “Barry’s Advanced Construction of Buildings”-
Second edition, Wiley – Blackwell,2014.

WEBSITES:

1. http://www.britmetfed.org.uk/frmedu.html
2. http://www.indiabusinessonline.com
3 http://www.nrwas.com
4 http://www.arcadiaproducts.com
5. http://www.sail.com.in

61
ARB234 L T PC
ADVANCED COMPUTER GRAPHICS 3 Credits
2 0 2 3
Goal To inspire the students with theories of digital media, along with, using the high-
end software for developing the conceptual designs and presentation techniques.
The students are also to be exposed to current trends in presentation and
portfolios using latest software.
Objectives Outcomes

The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Provide information on historic and  Know how digital evolved over aperiod
contemporary theories and developments in of time affectingarchitecture.
the digitalera.
 Evolve design as a process thrudigital
 Enable the students to use the DigitalMedia,
not just as a drafting tool but also as adesign media or computationalmethods.
process and presentationtool.
 Provide complete solution usingthe
digital media to compete in the
 Make the students understand the need for architecturalfield.
the visualization and latestpresentation
techniques.

UNITI INTRODUCTION 10

Past trends and theories of digital media – the influence of digital media on the perception of
space and architecture, Virtual spaces.

UNIT IIVISUALIZATION STUDIO 15

Role of visualization as a tool in the interpretation of design- development of conceptual models

–designwall,windows,openings,roofs,staircase,designlibrary,generate–elevations,sections, perspective
views – schedule tables – layer management- exercises involving thesame.

UNIT III ADANCED 3 D MODELLING 10

Enhancing the virtual model with the application of light, color, materials, texture, environments
- introducing cameras.

UNIT IV SKETCH UP3D MODELLING 10

Introduction to sketch up interface – Working with Tool Operation -

principal tool- texts- drawing tools – Modification tool-construction tool –camera tools –
walkthrough tools – sand box tools – Model setting and managers –Entities – materials-colors-
textures- Development of conceptual design models in 3d

UNIT V PHOTOSHOPPRESENTATION TOOL 15

Documentation and presentation–introduction to interface layout– Palettes–

Tool box – Selection tool–Alternation tools–Drawing and selection – color boxes and models–
62
Basic image editing–Cropping – Resizing– correcting– Saving–create an architecture portfolio

TOTAL:60

TEXT BOOKS
1. Autodesk 3ds Max 2016 Essentials byDariush Derakhshani,Randi L. Derakhshani, SDC
publications and Autodesk,2014,
2. Autodesk 3ds Max 2015 Essentials: Autodesk,Sybex,2014
3. Autodesk 3ds Max 2016: A Comprehensive Guide,Prof Sham Tickoo Purdue Univ, Cadcim
Technologies,2015
4. Autodesk 3ds Max 2016 for Beginners: A Tutorial Approach,Prof Sham Tickoo Purdue Univ,
CadcimTechnologies,2015
5. Photoshop CS6, Photoshop CS6, O'ReillyMedia,2012
6. SketchUp for Interior Design: 3D Visualizing, Designing, and Space Planning,Lydia Cline,
Wiley,2014
7. Sketchup & ,Layout for Architecture: The Step by Step Workflow of Nick Sonder, Matt Donley
Bizfound,LLC,2016

REFERENCE BOOKS

1. Max 2016 Complete Reference Guide, Kelly L. Murdock's, SDC publications,2015

2. 3D Photorealistic Rendering: Interiors & Exteriors with V-Ray and 3ds Max,Jamie
Cardoso,CRCPRESS,2016
3. Adobe Photoshop CC, Martin Evening, FocalPress,2015
4. SketchUp - A Design Guide for Woodworkers: Complete Illustrated Reference,Joe Zeh
Popular Woodworking Books; Illustratededition,2015

WEBSITES:
1. https://www.creativebloq.com/top-3ds-max-resources-10121033
2. https://www.autodesk.com/products/3ds-max/over
3. https://www.lynda.com/3ds-Max-training-tutorials/138-0.html
4. https://blog.miragestudio7.com/8-excellent-free-3d-model-websites-for-3d.../4168/
5. https://evermotion.org/

63
 ARB233 L T PC
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN – IV 6 Credits 0 0 12 6
Goal To enable the student into the process of design in different context (Urban and
Rural)bychoosingrelevanttopicsofcommunityorcivicimportance.Thrustwill
beonruralmaterials,constructiontechniquesanddesigndetails.Exposureto
Computer usage is to be given importance.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 To enable students to familiarize with  Understand more about ruralmaterials,
given topic of design by choosing construction techniques and design
appropriatecasestudiesthroughvisitsand details
documentation.
 Convert the details into drawingsusing
 To give additional input on the topic of appropriatesoftware
designbyorganizingspeciallecturesfrom
expertarchitect.

 To enable students understand the

knowledge available at international level
through books, literatures andwebsites.

UNIT IDESIGN STUDIO 60

Problem related to multi room, single use, small span - multiple story, Horizontal and vertical
movement, Active cum passive energy, conventional and frame type buildings. Examples:
Departmental store, Library, higher secondary school, campus students center, etc. The projects
will consciously provide for movement and use by the physically handicapped and elderly.

UNIT II DESIGN STUDIO -RURAL STUDY 120

Problems related to Rural Housing - Visits to selected village - surveys on socio-economic,
physical, housing and surveys, etc. to study existing conditions - analysis of survey
data - preparation of report, documentation and presentation in a seminar - preparation of design
brief solutions for housing and communityfacilities.

TOTAL : 180
TEXT BOOKS:

1. De. Chiara and Callender, “Time-saver Standards for Building Types”, McGraw-Hill
Co., New York,1973.
2. The Handbook of Building Types., NEUFERT ARCHITECTS DATA, New
International edition, second international edition. BSP Professional Books. Oxford
(1980) Blackwell scientificPublications.
3. Time – Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data, seventh edition. The reference of
architectural fundamentals McGraw hill international edition, architectural series(1998).
4. Ed.By.Quentin Pickard RIBA “The Architects’ Hand Book”, Bladewell ScienceLtd.,
2002

64
REFERENCES:

1. Handbook on Building Construction Practices (Excluding Electrical Work).

Bureauof Indian Standards, New Delhi,1997
2. National Building book of India 2005, Bureau of Indian Standards, NewDelhi
3. Macmillan Encyclopedia architects, Vol II, The free press, London,1982
4. A visual dictionary of Architecture, Francis D.K.Ching, John wiley & Sons, Inc.1997

WEBSITES
1. http://www.focusnet.co.uk/cib/library/physdishous94.htm

2. http://www.ourvirtualmall.com/cloth.htm

3. http://www.ddimagazine.com/

4. http://www.atlasmagazine.com/photo/lande6

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 SEMESTER V

LTPC
CEB321 DESIGN OF STRUCTURES -II 3 Credits
3003
Goal
To introduce design of reinforced cement concrete structures by working stress and limit state
design methods based on IS codes IS 456 for design of beams and slabs.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to : The students will be able to:
 Be familiar with the knowledge of limit state  Develop knowledge about of
design method for concrete structures and also limit state design methods for
know about partial safety factor, stress- strain concrete structures.
relationship of concrete.  Use the limit state design
 Be acquainted with the knowledge of limit state methods to design RCC beam.
design of beam including singly reinforced,  Use the limit state method to
doubly reinforced and flanged beam. design R.C.C slabs.
 Gain knowledge of limit states design of R.C.C  Use the limit state methods to
slab using IS code. design RCC column.
 Be familiar with the limit state method of design  Use working stress method to
of R.C.C column of rectangular and circular design footing for foundation.
section.
 Gain knowledge of working stress design of
foundation. Isolated pad footing and combined
footing.

UNIT I LIMIT STATE DESIGN FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURE 5

Introduction -Limit state - characteristic load and characteristic strength of materials - partial safety
factor – stress-strain relationship of concrete - safety and serviceability requirements.

UNIT II LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF BEAMS 10

Design of rectangular sections for bending - singly reinforced, doubly reinforced and flanged sections

UNIT III LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF SLABS 10

Design of one-way and two-way slabs using IS Code co-efficient for various edge conditions.

UNIT IV LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF RCC COLUMNS 10

Behaviour of Columns - Code provisions - Design of axially loaded short columns of rectangular and
circular sections - ties and spiral reinforcements. Concept of Long columns (No Design calculations).
UNIT V WORKING STRESS DESIGN OF FOUNDATION 10

Types of foundations - Isolated pad footings for simple design problems –Structural Concept of
combined footings (No Design calculations)

NOTE: Reference to IS codes and tables be permitted in the examination.

66
 TOTAL: 45

TEXT BOOKS
1. P.C.Varghese, “Limit state Design of Reinforced Concrete”, Prentice Hall of India , 2011.
2. Limit State Design of Reinforced Concrete, B.C Pumia, A.K Jain, 2010
3. Reinforced Concrete Design, N.Krishnaraju & R.N. Pranesh, New Age International Publications,
2010.

REFERENCES
1. S.N. Sinha, “Reinforced Concrete Design”, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi 2011.
2. Dr.B.C.Punmia, Reinforced Concrete Structures, Laxmi publication, Delhi, 2004.
3. P.Dayaratnam, “Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures”, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., 2002.
4. S.Unnikrishnan Pillai & Devados Menon, “Reinforced Concrete Design”, Tata Mc.Graw Hill 2016.
5. N.C.Sinha and S.K.Roy, “Fundamentals of Reinforced Concrete”, S.Chand & Co., New Delhi, 2013.

67
 LTPC
ARB309 BUILDING SERVICE III 3 Credits
3003
Goal
To develop knowledge of role of building services in determining building performance and to
understand various types of building service equipment work and how they are integrated into a
building.
Objectives Outcome

 Introduction to building automation and its  Understand use of building automation in

effects on energy consumption and cost of reducing building energy consumption
building systems. and maintenance cost compared to a non-
 Introduction to energy consumption and controlled building.
methods of conserving energy.  Expose the students to design methods
 Introduction to basics of refrigeration and which will aid in conserving energy and
building cooling equipment and operations. creating sustainable environment.
 Give additional knowledge of  Understand placement of equipment and
airconditioning systems and how they can providing for systems as per by laws.
be integrated into design.  Exercise on calculating AC loads and
 Expose students to fire and safety reading drawings on AC installation as
regulations and equipments for the same. per various system.
 Understand location and provision of fire
and safety equipment in building design.

UNIT I BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEM 8

concept of building automation system, scope, the need and its significance- introduction to automatic
control system in building – safety & security system, fire alarm system, access control system, telecom
system, CCTV surveillance system, Computerized HVAC Systems, IBMS system and its components .

UNIT II ENERGY CONSERVATION AND AUDITING 10

Trends in energy consumption. Energy audit- weather normalization method, impact of people behavior,
approaches, materials and equipment’s, operation strategies- method of energy savings- optimum
selection of energy source- fundamental of energy conservation- use of computer model. Basics of
energy demand and supply, principles of energy management and audit programme.

UNIT III BASIC REFRIGERATION PRINCIPLES 7

Introduction to A/C conditions, basic of refrigeration systems, components of refrigeration system.

Temperature- latent heat of fusion, sensible heat, evaporation, sublimation- saturation temperature- sub
cooled liquid- pressure temperature relationship for liquids- vapor compression cycle- Refrigerant
control devices- Air handling Units

UNIT IV AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM AND APPLICATION 10

Types of Window and split A/c. Package units, Centralized plants and Chilled water plants, DX system,
Chilled Water System, Air Cooled and Water Cooled condensers, Air Distribution system, VAV &
VRV Systems- Comparison of various systems - Space requirements for A/c units, AHU’s & a/c plant,
ducting, testing and maintenance on ducts and pipes .

UNIT V FIRE SAFETY, FIRE DETECTION AND FIGHTING INSTALLATIONS 10

68
Introduction, fire triangle, methods of fighting fire, Classifying fire, objectives of fire safety- Causes of
fire in buildings, fire protection, standards- NBC guidelines- Multistoried building. Special features
required for physically handicapped and elderly in building types- firefighting equipment’s and its
installations- detectors, alarm, extinguishers, dry & wet riser, sprinklers, etc.

TOTAL 45

TEXT BOOKS

1. Rodger W Haines , “ HVAC systems Design handbook , 5 th edition, MGH ,2009.

2. Robert Brown Butler, “ Architectural Egg System design: Mechanical system” 2002
3. Hall , “Building Services & equipment. Vol.2&3, Routhledge,2000
4. Scott Berinato, The HBR Guide to making smarter, More persuasive data visualization,
2016.
REFERENCES

1.Design of Special Hazards and Fire Alarm Systems by Robert Gagnon, Thomson Delmar Learning;
2nd edition, 2007.
2.HVAC Controls and Systems by Levenhagen, John I.Spethmann, Donald H., McGraw-Hill Pub.
3.HVAC Control in the New Millennium by Hordeski, Michael F, Fairmont press, 2001.
4.Process Control-Instrument Engineers Handbook by Bela G. Liptak, Chilton book co.

WEBSITES:

1. http://nptel.ac.in/video.php
2. https://buildingsolutions.honeywell.com/en-US/Pages/default.aspx
3. http://www.isa.org
4. http://www.controleng.com/
5. http://www.schneider-electric.com/b2b/en/solutions/system/s1/buildings-systems.jsp
6. http://www.automation.siemens.com/
7. http://coep.vlab.co.in/?sub=33&brch=97

69
 LTPC
ARB310 CONTEMPORARY ARCHITECTURE 3 Credits
3003
Goal
To expose to students the knowledge about impact of industrialization, invention of new
materials, Revolutionary thinking and philosophies of Architects, emerging schools of thought,
and contributions made by architects of international fame.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to:  The students should be able to:
 Be exposed to various architectural  Provide considerable insight on the
movements and manifestoes over the progress of architectural philosophies
past century globally over the past century and discuss
 To study the work of pioneering current trends and theories knowledgably.
architects and institutions and comparing  Independently research trends in
varied schools of thought. architecture and form critical opinions on
 Understand the impact of technological differing ideologies and schools of thought.
and philosophical progress which  Look beyond singular history text books
produced radical new and develop an understanding of ‘why’
 thoughts such as the deconstructivist things happen and what their impact can
theory, digital architecture and Fractile be, more than simply ‘what’ happened.
geometry.  Practice in India with an understanding of
 Be aware of architecture and urban what the architectural community has been
design in post independent India,  developing in the country after
including both works of independence and sharing a common
 foreign architects and Indian masters. vision for the benefit of all.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 4

Brief on Neo-Classicism - Enlightenment Architects: Boulle and Ledoux. Industrial Revolution;

Invention of Materials and Technologies and their influence on Architecture.

UNIT II ARCHITECTURAL MOVEMENTS 6

Art Nouveau and the works of Gaudi, Horta, Macintosh – A brief study of the Early works of
F.L.Wright, Adolf loos ; Futurists Movement Manifestos and the works of Sant'Elia – Expressionism
and the works of Mendelsohn, Taut, Polzeig - Cubism and Constructivism and its influence on
Architecture - Destijl: Ideas and works.

UNIT III INSTITUTIONS 6

Werkbund and Bahaus/Works of Behrens and Gropius - Cannonising Modernism - InternationalStyle -

CIAM Congresses and Declarations. Works and Ideas - LeCorbusier - Mies - Later Works of Wright -
Alvar Alto

UNIT IV MODERNISM, POST MODERNISM AND LATER 8

Brief on critiquing modernism, through writings of Venturi, Jane Jacobs, Aldo Rossi – Christopher
Alexander. Historic Revivalism - Pop Architecture - Critical Regionalism - Deconstructive Theory and
Practice - their limitations. Later Ideas and selected Works of -
Fathy - Baker - Ando - Soleri - Bawa. works of Zaha Hadid, Frank O Gehry, Peter Eissenman Rem
Koolhas, Skidmore, Owings and Meryl, Michel Graves - study of concepts like Digital Architecture–
Fractile Geometry and influence of Digitization and Globalisation on Architecture.

70
UNIT V POST-INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTURE IN INDIA 6

Chandigarh and Bhuvaneshwar experiments - Influence of Corbusier, Louis Khan ,

Koeinsberger - The formation of Institutions - Debates on Tradition as a source and burdern – works and
ideas: Nari Gandhi - Doshi - Kanvinde - Correa - A. Raje - U.C.Jain - Stein Housing
Exercise: Every student shall come up with five present day architects and learn about their works and
philosophies.Eg: Sanjay Mohe, Bijoy Jain, Hafeez Contractor etc.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOK

1. Alan Colquhoun, “Modern Architecture”, Oxford University Press ,2002

2. Neil Levine, “Modern Architecture: A Critical History”, Yale University,2009..
3.Liane Lefaivre, and Alexander Tzonis,“The Emergence of Modern Architecture: A Documentary
History from 1000 to 1810” , Routhledge Publication,2010

REFERENCES

1. Bill Risebero, “Modern Architecture and Design”, MIT Press ,

2. Kenneth Frampton, “Modern Architecture: Representation & Reality:
3. James Steele, “The Complete Architecture of Balakrishna Doshi” , Thames and Hudson

WEBSITES:

1. https://www.e-architect.co.uk/contemporary-architects
2. http://www.theartstory.org/movement-cubism.htm
3. https://study.com/academy/lesson/expressionism-architecture-examples.html
4. https://www.archdaily.com/364856/happy-70th-birthday-peter-zumthor

71
 LTPC
ARB311 SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE 3 Credits
3003
Goal
To expose to students to how architecture is related to sustainable and green building concepts
om the planning process ;how the environment has an impact on the society ;the conventions
which binds the nations ;global agenda to tackle it; and how architects can contribute to
building and planning concept through understanding of climate resilient materials and
technologies.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Understand the meaning definition and  Have comprehensive knowledge on the
relationship between architecture evolution and impact of environmental
environment and climate. aspect and sustainable issues
 Evaluate how spaces have been organized  Be equipped to handle the architectural
and utilized by using the concept of design process from the studies analysis
sustainable materials and technologies. interpretation and design in accordance to
 Examine the usage and selection of spaces the case studies done on the green
for designing the global conventions ,eco building concepts.
systems balance and environment friendly  Have a knowledge on the government
buildings policies and actions towards sustainable
 Make students know about the policies society and latest technologies involved
and actions of government. din the building process
 Have knowledge on the organic and
sustainable building materials used in the
design and execution.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 4

Concept and definition-1970;Stock home declaration -1972;Burnt land commission 1987;Earth Summit-
1992(UCED). Rio declaration-Agenda 21.
Environmental impact on human development related activities due to population growth, pace of
urbanization, increase in consumption of energy, natural resources ,waste generation, deforestation and
pollution.

UNIT II IMPACT OF CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY ON ENVIRONMENT 6

Depletion of earth resources, minerals and energy ,towards anthropogenic climate changes-towards
hotter and drier, Desertification ,coastal flooding and erosion, water shortage-decline in water quality,
food security-threatened ,Imbalance in eco system.

UNIT III BUILDING WITH REGIONAL /RENEWABLE MATERIALS 6

Building with regional/renewable materials:

Bamboo,casuarina,types of thatch, palm trunks, palm rafters, Straw, Reed, Mud, lime, Stabilised mud
blocks, Rammed Earth construction, Terracotta - Hollow bricks, jallis, Mangalore tiles,hollow clay
roofing blocks,Athangudi tiles, Stone, Timber, Brick.

UNIT IV SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION 10

Passive design with respect to various climatic types including hot dry, warm humid, cold, temperate
and composite. Modern sustainable construction techniques such as Pre-Fab, etc. Introduction to
green materials - Local material and their significance, Recycled materials, Reused materials,
salvaged materials, etc.

72
UNIT V EMERGING TRENDS IN SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE 10

Introduction to various Renewable power systems, concepts of life cycle analysis, carbon footprint
reduction. Emerging ideas of Green Buildings including Net Zero Energy, Net zero water, Earth ships,
etc. Green Building rating systems such as LEED, GRIHA, IGBC. Case Studies of various Green
Building Projects across India..

TOTAL : 45

TEXT BOOK

1. Cooper, Ilay & Dawson, Barry, Traditional buildings of India, Thames & Hudson, 2001
2. Majumdar, Mili (ed.), Energy Efficient Buildings in India, Tata Energy Research Institute and
Ministry of Non Conventional energy Sources, 2001.
3. Krishnan, A. (ed.), Baker, N., Yannas, S., Szokolay, S., Climate Responsive Architecture: A Design
Handbook for Energy Efficient Buildings, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Limited, New Delhi,
2001.
4. Joo-Hwa Bay and Boon Lay Ong, Tropical Sustainable Architecture, Social and Environmental
Dimensions, Architectural Press, Elsevier ltd, 2006.

REFERENCES

1. KlansDukeeberg, Bambus – Bamboo, Karl Kramer verlag Stuttgart Germany, 2000

2. Building with straw - Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture Gernot Minke and
Friedmann Mahlke Birkhauser – Publisher for Architecture Berlin – Boston, 2005.
3. Caring A.Langston Grace K.C.Ding, “Sustainable practices in built environment”, 2nd Edition,
Publishers: Butterworth-Heinmann Linacre House Jordanhill Oxford, 2001

WEBSITES:

1. http://www.unesco.org/education/pdf/RIO_E.PDF
2. https://www.thenbs.com/knowledge/an-introduction-to-renewable-materials
3. http://businessfeed.sunpower.com/articles/explaining-what-is-green-building

73
 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE FOR LTPC
ARB312 2 Credits
ARCHITECTURE 2 00 2
Goal
To educate students on the environmental awareness across the world, to integrate the
environmental knowledge into the education to connect students with the nature right before
starting their architectural practices.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 integrate environmental concerns with  Select and use necessary actions, plans and
education, connecting the current political policies to be formulated for environmental
system of the whole world where actions, protection.
plans and policies can be formulated and  Provide appropriate remedies and changes
executed at national level and by and large at after assessing any damage in any
the international level. environmental conditions to uplift the
 to understand the birth of the term surroundings.
“sustainability” and its positive impact on the  Design and construct buildings with all the
growth of climatic concerns worldwide. concerns towards the surrounding
 to assess the environmental situation and the environment.
conditions leading to the damage of the  Select and provide proper practicing
environment and changes in our lives to techniques with sustainable development.
make a huge difference to the environment.  Select and use right type of materials,
 conserve the nature and environment through practicing techniques and frameworks for
architectural practices and by the usage of executing sustainable development.
materials in construction, not to let deplete
the natural resources.
 take responsibility in saving the environment
through practicing architecture with
environmental concerns to be implemented
directly or indirectly to reach its maximum
benefit.

UNIT I–ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS IN INDIA 6

Definition – Causes, effects and control measures of: - Air pollution - Water pollution - Soil pollution -
Marine pollution - Noise pollution - Thermal pollution - Nuclear pollution -Solid waste Management–
Role of an individual in prevention of pollution - global warming-Acid rain-Ozone layer depletion

UNIT II – ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABLITY 6

Introduction to Biodiversity – India as a mega-diversity nation - Threats to biodiversity-hotspots, habitat

loss, poaching of wild life, loss of species - Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ
conservation of biodiversity - Natural Calamities floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides –
Settlement and built forms in Disaster prone regions - Threats to cultural heritage sites -Initiatives by
Government, Private sector and Local Community to achieve environmental sustainability.
UNIT – III SOCIAL ISSUES AND ENVIRONMENTS 5
Social issues and the environment, from unsustainable to sustainable development-urban problems
related to energy-human population and environment- population explosion, resource exploitation and
depletion, loss of wet lands, mangroves, increasing desert areas, recycling

74
UNIT IV – ARCHITECTURE AND NATURE 7
Types of ecosystems, characteristics features, structure and functions of Ecosystems – Forest, Grassland,
Desert, Aquatic (lakes, rivers and estuaries).Land, Forest, Water and Energy asenvironmental resources
Strategies to transform the built environment to meet the risks of climate change - BIOMIMICRY – an
approach to innovation that seeks sustainable solutions to human challenges by emulating nature’s time-
tested patterns and strategies - Exercises / workshops / Creative studios – to come out with innovative
ideas by the students aiming to solve the existing climatic and environmental problems.

UNIT V – ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS, CODES AND POLICIES 6

Introduction to Environmental Acts, - Water (Prevention and Control ofPollution) Act,-Air Prevention
and Control of pollution act- Environmental Protection Act,Wild life protection Act, Forest
Conservation Act, etcEnvironmental aspects in Accessibility laws; ECBC, EIA, ASHRAE, NBC,
permitted activities in coastal Regulation zone. Sustainable Practices in India and World.
TOTAL 30
TEXT BOOKS:
1. S.V.S. Rana, “Essentials of Ecology and Environmental Science”, PHI publications, 5th edition.
2. R S Kholyangbam, Navindu Gupta, “Introduction to Environmental sciences”, The Energy and Resource
institute, 2012
3. Walter Leal Filho& Paul Pace, “Teaching Education for Sustainable development at University Level”,
Springer Publications, 2015.
4. Jeffrey D. Sachs, “The age of Sustainable Development”, Oxford press, 2011.
REFERENCES
1. Simon, Jilian, “The Ultimate Resource”, Princeton University press, N.J, 1981
2. Brown, Lester, “Building a sustainable society”, Norton, 1981
3. Neville Nicholls, “A Letter to Nature”, Australian Bureau of Meteorology Research Center, 1997
4. Adams, W.M. and Jean Renaud, “Transition to Sustainability: Towards a Humane and diverse world”,
Gland, Switzerland
5. Agarwal, K. C. (2001). Environmental Biology. Bikaner :Nidhi Publications Ltd.
6. Benny, J. (2005) Environmental Studies. New Delhi : Tata McGraw Hill
7. Bharucha, E. (2005)). Text book of environmental studies for undergraduates courses. New Delhi
:Universities Press, UGC. .
8. Brunner, R.C. (1989). Hazardous Waste Incineration. New Delhi : McGraw Hill.
9. Kaushik, A. and Kaushik, C. P. (2010). Basics of Environment and Ecology. New Delhi : New Age
International Publishers.
WEBSITES:
1. http://www.globalfootprints.org
2. http://www.curlie.org/Science/Environment
3. http://www.sustainabledevelopment2015.org
4. http://www.un-documents.net/our-common-future
5. http://www.un.org/geninfo/bp/enviro.html

75
 LTPC
ARB313 MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION V 3 Credits
2023
Goal
To educate students on various internal partitions and false ceilings, structural glazing and
cladding, different types of floor and wall covering, protective coating and painting on walls,
methods of water proofing and tanking.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Understand causes and various methods of  Incorporate present practices and
damp/water proofing in buildings. materials for damp & water proofing
 Understand material and method for including tanking in basements and
cladding over internal and external walls. swimming pools, terraces etc.
 Understand different types of floor &wall  Design and construct appropriate internal
coverings. Properties uses and its laying partitions and false ceilings using suitable
methods. materials.
 Understand different types of paints and its  Select and provide appropriate wall
applications. cladding.
 Understand different types of patent and  Use floor & wall coverings in appropriate
structural glazing including their fixing manner.
details  Select and use coatings and paints over
different surfaces as per functional
requirement.

UNIT I DAMP AND WATER PROOFING 20

Damp proofing hot applied and cold applied emulsified asphalt, bentonite clays, butyl rubber, silicon,
vinyl’s, Epoxy resins and metallic water proofing materials properties , uses.(waterproofing membranes
such as rag, asbestos, glass, felt plastic and synthetic rubber, vinyl, butyl rubber, neoprene polyvinyl
chloride (PVC) prefabricated membranes sheet lead, asphalt properties and uses.
Application of the above under various situations and tanking for basements, swimming pool, terraces,
etc.

UNIT II PARTITIONS AND FALSE CEILINGS 15

Aluminum partitions, internal screen walls, fittings and fixtures. False ceilings, aluminum sections and
profiles used, Method of fixing/suspension, HVAC ducting, electrical cabelling, providing lighting and
other fixtures etc.

UNIT III - CLADDING ON WALLS AND STRUCTURAL /PATENT GLAZING 20

Timber/plywood/ metal sheet etc. paneling over wall. Stone/cut- stone tiles, terracotta, glazed, ceramic,
acid resistant and different types of tiles cladding over internal and external walls. Structural /patent
glazing and screen wall as external façade and building envelope ,design criteria, members used and
fixing details, etc.

UNIT IV FLOOR AND WALL COVERINGS 10

Floor coverings with softwood, hardwood resilient flooring, vinyl, rubber, cork tiles/rolls, carpeting of
different types, properties and method of fixing. Wall coverings with wall papers of different types,
Porcelain, enameled metal, wood veneer, vinyl, paneling properties, uses, special types of wall lining in
x-ray room and any other similar type of spaces with harmful radiation.

76
UNIT V PROTECTIVE AND DECORATIVE COATINGS 10
Paint enamels, distempers, plastic emulsions, cement based paints properties, uses and applications.
Preparation of surface, application of primer and base coat. Clear coatings and strains varnishes,
lacquer, shellac, wax polish and strains Properties, uses and applications. Special purpose paints
Bituminous, Luminous; fire retardant and resisting paints properties, uses and applications.

STUDIO PRACTICALS / SESSIONAL WORKS AND ASSIGNMENTS:

 Manual drafting of Construction drawing sheets/plates, of selected topics in standard format
 Periodic visits to the construction sites.
 Notes /sketches and Site visit reports.

Note: Drawing sheets/plates will be evaluated continuously.

TOTAL 75

TEXT BOOKS:

1. S.C.Rangwala , “Engineering Materials”, Charotar Publishing House, India, 2007.

2. Dr.B.C.Punmia, “Building Construction”, Laxmi Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2005.
3. Francis.D.K. Ching , “A Visual Dictionary of Architecture”,Van Nostrand Reinhold- 2004
4. Arora S.P. and Bindara S.P.,Building Construction Planning Techniques and method of construction,
Dhanpat Rai Sons, 2003.

REFERENCES

1. W.B.Mckay, “Building Construction”, Vol. 1, 2, 3- Longmans U.K 2010.

2. Jack M. Launders, “Construction Materials, Methods”, Careers pub, J.Holland, Illinois Wileox
CO.,Inc.1983
3. Arthur R.Llons, “Materials for architects and builders An introduction,” Holder Headline group,
Great Britain, 1997.
4. Don A. Watson, Construction Materials and processes, McGraw Hill Co., 2003
5. Stephen Emmit, Christopher A.Gorse, “Barry’s Introduction to Construction of Buildings”- Second
edition, Wiley – Blackwell, 2013.
6. Stephen Emmit, Christopher A.Gorse, “Barry’s Advanced Construction of Buildings”- Second
edition, Wiley – Blackwell, 2014.

WEBSITES:
1. http://www.bwpda.co.uk
2. http://www.spectrumpaints.com
3. http://www.soundesigns.net
4. http://www.bmtpc.com

77
 LTPC
ARB331 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN V 7 Credits
0 0 14 7
Goal
The students will be further oriented on design of small complexes or buildings involving
technology, structural clarity and services in terms of lighting, ventilation, movement, fire safety,
security, water supply, sewage etc.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to : The students should be able to:
 Train the student to gather knowledge on the  Work on multi planning and mass
given design project based on books / problems involving building technology
literature and websites.  Use computer for drawing and
presentation skills using appropriate
 Students are to be exposed to expert lecture softwares.
from expert architect, for each project or
design.

 Make the student understand the

complexity, functioning and salient features
of the design project through organizing
field visit, train them to document and
present the findings.

UNIT I DESIGN STUDIO 180

Small complexes - concept of multi planning and circulation analysis - massing problems involving
building technology, - Design and detailing for movement of physically handicapped and elderly
persons within and around buildings.

Examples: Shopping centers (Commercial) Home for aged, apartments (residential) Health centers,
Nursing homes (institutional) Etc.
TOTAL : 180
TEXT BOOKS:

1. De. Chiara and Callender, “Time-saver Standards for Building Types”, McGraw-Hill Co., New York,
1973.
2. The Handbook of Building Types., NEUFERT ARCHITECTS DATA, New International edition,
second international edition. BSP Professional Books. Oxford (1980) Blackwell scientific Publications.
3. Time – Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data, seventh edition. The reference of architectural
fundamentals McGraw hill international edition, architectural series (1998).
4. Ed.By.Quentin Pickard RIBA “The Architects’ Hand Book”, Bladewell Science Ltd., 2002

REFERENCES:
1. Handbook on Building Construction Practices (Excluding Electrical Work). Bureau of Indian
Standards, New Delhi, 1997
2. National Building book of India 2005, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
3. Macmillan Encyclopedia architects, Vol II, The free press, London, 1982
4. A visual dictionary of Architecture, Francis D.K.Ching, John wiley & Sons, Inc. 1997

78
WEBSITES

1. http://wwwtest.library.ucla.edu/libraries/arts/websites/www.des.htm
2. http://www.clr.toronto.edu/VIRTUALLIB/ARCH/proj.html
3. http://www.thehub.net.au/%7Emorrisqc/architext
4. http://www.archinet.co.uk/
5. http://archinform.de/start.en.htm
6. http://www.plannet.com/

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 SEMESTER VI

CEB323 DESIGN OF STRUCTURES -III 3 Credits L T P C

3003
Goal
To impart the students with the knowledge about the design of column, foundation which may be
applied in architectural design projects and building construction details.
Objectives Outcome
The course should enable the students to : The students should be able to:
 Understand designing and detailing of  Develop knowledge about limit state
short RC column by limit state design. design methods for continuous beam.
 Know about continuous beams and slabs  Use the limit state design methods to
using IS code coefficients. design and analyze of bricks masonry.
 Understand design of circular slab and  Use the limit state design methods to
flat slab design circular slabs.
 Understand detailing of seismic resistant  Gain the knowledge about seismic
structures resistant structures
 Learn design concepts of raft foundation  Gain the knowledge about wind
and file foundation. Engineering.

UNIT I LIMIT STATE DESIGN OF CONTINUOUS BEAMS 10

Limit State Design of continuous beams and slabs using code coefficients.

UNIT II MASONRY 10
Analysis and Design of brick masonry, load bearing walls - codal requirements.

UNIT III CIRCULAR SLABS 10

Design of RCC Circular slabs - simply supported and fixed slabs with uniformly distributed loads.
Design concept of flat slabs –code provisions.

UNIT IV DETAILING SEISMIC RESISTANT STRUCTURES 10

Introduction to detailing of Seismic Resistant Structures – IS 13920:1993 codal provisions - R.C.C.
Structures and Masonry Structures

UNIT V INTRODUCTION TO WIND ENGINEERING 5

Terminology – Wind Data – Gust factor and its determination – wind Speed Variation with height –
Shape factor – Aspect Ratio - Drag and Lift
TOTAL: 45
TEXT BOOKS

1. Limit State Design of Reinforced Concrete, B.C Punmia, A.K Jain, 2010
2. Pankaj Agarwal, Manish Shrikhande, Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, 2010

REFERENCES

1. S.Unnikrishnan Pillai & Devados Menon, “ Reinforced Concrete Design”, Tata Mc.GrawHill 2016.
2. N.L. Shinha and S.K. Roy, “Fundamental of Reinforced Concrete”, S.Chand and Company, New
Delhi, 2013.
3. P.Dayaratnam, Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures, Oxford and IBH Publishing Co., 2002.
4. Reinforced Concrete Design . N.Krishnaraju & R.N. Pranesh, New Age International Publications
2010

80
5. IS 13828 (1993) – Indian Standard Guidelines for improving Earthquake
a.Resistant low strength masonry building.
b.RCC Structures subjected to seismic forces.
6. IS 13920 (1993) - Indian Standard Code of practice for ductile detailing
7. IS 875-1987(Part3)- Indian Standard code for Wind Loads on Buildings and Structures

81
 ESTIMATION , SPECIFICATION AND LTPC
CEB324 3 Credits
COSTING 3003
Goal
To enable students to understand that economic viability of a project is equally important in
design through exposing him/ her to procedures involved in estimating quantities of materials and
works, various costs and various financial institutions involved in it. Simple projects will be
introduced for preparation of estimates.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Inform the need for estimation, the concept of  Understand the need for
abstract and detailed estimates based on estimation, and the concept of
measurements of materials and works. abstract and detailed estimates.
 Inform the importance of BOQ. Cost control and  Prepare BOQ and know to
budgeting, and norms and standards involved. control cost and budget within the
 Make students know about the various financial norms and standards.
agencies and institutions involved in land and  Acquaint themselves about the
building development and effecting financial control various financial agencies and
at various stages of the projects. institutions.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO ESTIMATION 6

Types and purpose, approximate estimate, detail estimate of building, bill of quantity and abstract
format. - Quantity survey, principle of measurement and billing, elementary billing and measurement of
different building items.

UNIT II RATE ANALYSIS 16

Output and task done by labors/workers per day. -Rates of building materials, transportation cost. -
Wages of labor cost of machinery/equipments and sundries, profit of contractor. - Rate analysis of main
building items like excavation for foundation, plain cement concrete (P.C.C) M-8, M-10 grade in
foundation and in plinth as base floor, P.C.C M-15 flooring, Reinforced cement concrete ( R.C.C.) for
foundation, column, beam/ lintels, chajjas, slabs, stairs, etc., brick masonry in cement mortar, in
foundation and super structure, half brick and brick on edge partition wall, cement plastering over brick
and concrete surfaces with cement mortar in different ratios, cement pointing over exposed brick
masonry, timber doors and windows, different types of tiles and cut stone tiles flooring over cement
mortar bed, iron/steel work for grills/jaalis and railings, rate analysis of major sanitation and water
supply items, painting with different types of paints and coatings from inside and outside over brick and
concrete surfaces and over steel and wooden works.

UNIT III ESTIMATE OF LOAD BEARING BUILDING 10

Load bearing and framed structures- calculation of quantities of earthwork excavation, foundation, brick
work, RCC, PCC, plastering, white washing, color washing and painting for shops, rooms, residential
building with flat roof.

UNIT IV ESTIMATE OF FRAME STRUCTURE BUILDING 4

Calculation of quantities of R.C.C foundations like column footing, piling or raft, R.C.C columns,
beams/ lintels, chajjas, slabs, stairs, etc.,

Note: Other items in a framed structure building will remain same as in case of load bearing building.

82
UNIT V BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND FINANCE 9
The business environment and its structure in practice, financial control and management for building
construction- role of various financial agencies for building and land development.

TOTAL 45
TEXT BOOKS:

1. Dutta B.N., Estimation and Costing in Civil Engg., UBS publishers and distributors,Pvt. Ltd 2003.
2 S.C. Rangwala, “Elements of Estimating and Costing”, Charoter Publishing House, India.
3. “Estimating Costing Specification & Valuation in Civil Engineering”, M. Chakrabarti.
4. Kohli D.D. & Kohli R.C, “ A Text book of estimating & costing(civil) S.Chand & Company Ltd.2004

REFERENCES
1. W.H. King and D.M.R. Esson, “Specification and Quantities for Civil Engineers”, The English
University Press Ltd.
2. “Tamil Nadu Building Practice”, Vol.1, Civil, Govt. Publication.
3. “P.W.D. Standard specifications”, G ovt. Publication.

WEBSITES:
10. http://www.builderdata.com/
11. http://www.building.ca/

83
 INTERIOR DESIGN AND LTPC
ARB314 3 Credits
FURNITURE 3003
Goal
To establish the understanding that interior design and its depending on furniture is a resultant of
various factors and influences that are based on technology, Social and human aspects.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Understand pieces of furniture both  Design a piece of furniture successfully
aesthetically and functionally. for a defined user.
 Acquire knowledge of materials and  Create technical drawing complete with
manufacturing processes. material specs ready to be issued to
 Use ergonomic data for understanding manufacturer.
human comfort.  Student should be able to make a
 Understand the impact of furniture in presentation drawing with respect to
interior design of a space human dimensions.
 Present the interior design scheme
complete with coordinated colour, texture
board.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 12
Human lifestyles, activities and Interactions : Understanding need for types of furniture, Understanding
materials and technologies Importantly Wood and metal, Color / Finish / Material

UNIT II DESIGN 12
Form and Aesthetics, Applying principles and elements of design . Visual theory : Study of gestalt
theory of design , law of closure, law of proximity, law of continuity etc., types of furniture with respect
to different states.

UNIT III HUMAN COMFORT 8

Brief History of furniture, Ergonomics, human factors, Engineering and Ergonomic considerations,
principles of Universal Design and their application in furniture design.

UNIT IV FURNITURE BASED ON USAGE AND MANUFACTURING 5

Built in Furniture, Custom Furniture, Modular Furniture, Packing and transportation, Impact of each
kind on interior design , Various materials , combination of materials, their hardware and applications.
Cost criteria of furniture design.
UNIT V PRESENTATION 8
Design Presentation, Coordination Furnishing, furniture and accessories in an interior space.
Technical Drawings, Documentation and representation of final product.
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS

1. Sam Booth & Drew Plumkett “Furniture for interior Design” Lawrence king Publishing March 18,
2014.
2. Stuart Lawson “Furniture Design – An introduction to Development, Materials and Manufacturing”
Lawrence king Publishing, London 2013.

84
REFERENCES

1. Christopher Nataled – “Furniture design and construction for interior designer” – 2009
2. Sophie Lovel, Robert Klanten, Birga Meyer “ Furnish : Furniture and interior Design for the 21st
century – 2007

WEB SITES
www.iispares.com
www.northernarchitecture.us
www.housebeautiful.com

85
 LTPC
ARB315 MATERIAL AND CONSTRUCTION VI 3 Credits
2023
Goal
To educate students on various types of Construction chemicals and Admixtures used with cement-
concrete, Shallow and Deep foundations, measures to make buildings resistant to earth quake,
different methods of shoring, under pinning, scaffolding and form work and Tools, Equipments
and Machinery used in construction sites.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to The students should be able to:
 Understand uses application of various  Select and use appropriate Construction
types of Construction Chemicals and Chemicals and Admixtures to get desired
Admixtures. results.
 Understand material and method of  Select and provide appropriate foundations
constructing different types of shallow for different type of buildings in different
and deep foundations in different situations.
situations and soil conditions.  Design and construct buildings to resist Earth
 Understand methods of designing and quakes of at least moderate intensity without
constructing Earthquake resistant risking loss of lives and property of the
buildings. occupants.
 Understand different methods of  Select and provide proper Under pinning,
Shoring, Under pinning, Scaffolding Scaffolding and Formwork as par their
and Formwork and their applications . functional role,
 Understand to know usages of different  Select and use right type of Tools,
types of Tools, Equipments and Equipments and Machinery in construction
Machinery used on construction sites. sites and projects.

UNIT I CONSTRUCTION CHEMICALS AND ADMIXTURES 10

Introduction to construction Chemicals and Admixtures and usages. Types of construction Chemicals
and Admixtures like water proofing compounds in different forms, retarders, binders plasticizers etc.
and methods to use.

UNIT II SHALLOW AND DEEP FOUNDATIONS 15

Introduction to Shallow and Deep foundations. R.C.C. combined and trapezoidal, Strap and Cantilever
footings, Arch foundation, Under rimmed RCC Pile foundation and Raft foundations. Different types
of RCC, steel and timber piles, Cast in situ and Pre cast piles, Sheet piles, Pile caps, Coffer dams,
Cassion or Well foundations. Machine foundations.

UNIT III EARTHQUAKE RESISTANT DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION 20

Introduction to Earthquake and Terminology used. Intensity and magnitude of earth quake and its
measurement. Seismic map of India. Earthquake resistant measures, effect on buildings, selection of
site, site planning, structural systems and building materials, shape and form of the building, Behaviour
of different building elements, Load bearing wall construction, RCC and steel frame construction,
foundation, openings, cantilever projections, detailing, isolators and dampers, study of I.S. code 4326-
1993 and provisions in National Building Code.

UNIT IV SHORING UNDERPINNING SCAFFOLDING AND FORMWORKS 15

Introduction, Racking, flying, dead or vertical shores. Different methods of Pinning, types of
Scaffoldings, steel scaffolding, patented scaffolding. Introduction to Form work. Materials for Form
works, IS code 456-2000, requirements for good form work. Shuttering and Form work for building
elements like footings, columns, beams, stairs, lintels, chajjas, arches, lofts, slab, balcony fins, louvres,
shells and domes etc.

86
UNIT V CONSTRUCTION TOOLS, EQUIPMENTS AND MACHINERY 15
Various tools including power driven tools used by labours, masons, carpenters, Bar binders etc. Earth
movers, motorized dozer, shovel, bucket trencher, excavator, pumps, compacter, welding machines,
drills. Concrete mixer, vibrators, chain-pulleys, cranes, material lifts etc.

STUDIO PRACTICALS / SESSIONAL WORKS AND ASSIGNMENTS

 Manual drafting of Construction drawing sheets/plates, of selected topics in standard format

 Periodic visits to the construction sites.
 Notes /sketches and Site visit reports.

Note: Drawing sheets/plates will be evaluated continuously.

TOTAL 75
TEXT BOOKS:

1. S.C.Rangwala , “Engineering Materials”, Charotar Publishing House, India, 2007.

2. Dr.B.C.Punmia, “Building Construction”, Laxmi Publications Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, 2005.
3. Francis.D.K. Ching , “A Visual Dictionary of Architecture”,Van Nostrand Reinhold- 2004
4. Arora S.P. and Bindara S.P.,Building Construction Planning Techniques and method of construction,
Dhanpat Rai Sons, 2003.

REFERENCES

1. W.B.Mckay, “Building Construction”, Vol. 1, 2, 3- Longmans U.K 2010.

2. Jack M. Launders, “Construction Materials, Methods”, Careers pub, J.Holland, Illinois Wileox
CO.,Inc.1983
3. Arthur R.Llons, “Materials for architects and builders An introduction,” Holder Headline group,
Great Britain, 1997.
4. Don A. Watson, Construction Materials and processes, McGraw Hill Co., 2003
5. Stephen Emmit, Christopher A.Gorse, “Barry’s Introduction to Construction of Buildings”- Second
edition, Wiley – Blackwell, 2013.
6. Stephen Emmit, Christopher A.Gorse, “Barry’s Advanced Construction of Buildings”- Second
edition, Wiley – Blackwell, 2014.

WEBSITES
http://www.bwpda.co.uk
http://www.spectrumpaints.com
http://www.soundesigns.net
http://www.bmtpc.com

87
 LTPC
ARB332 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN VI 7 Credits
0 0 14 7
Goal
To prepare student to confidently design large complex buildings and campuses, which involves
structural synthesis, effective movement systems, within and around buildings, complying with
all rules and regulations demonstrated in at least two large projects.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 To train the student to gather knowledge  Design multi use multi span and multi
on the given design project based on level buildings involving technology and
books/ literature and websites. service
 Use computer for drawing and
 The students are to be exposed to expert presentation skills using appropriate
lecture from expert architect, for each softwares.
project or design.

 To make the student understand the

complexity, functioning and salient
features of the design project through
organizing field visit, train them to
document and present the findings.

UNIT I DESIGN STUDIO 180

Design of large structures - Multiuse, multispan, multilevel (six to eight floors) - building types
involving technology and services – Design and detailing for movement and use by physically
handicapped people within and around building.
Examples: College office buildings (Institutional) Large Commercial Complex (Commercial) Resorts
(Recreational) - Mixed Residential Developments (Residential) etc. Working drawings for any one
design Using Computer for presentation Skills.
TOTAL : 180
TEXT BOOKS:

1. De. Chiara and Callender, “Time-saver Standards for Building Types”, McGraw-Hill Co., New York,
1973.
2. The Handbook of Building Types., NEUFERT ARCHITECTS DATA, New International edition,
second international edition. BSP Professional Books. Oxford (1980) Blackwell scientific Publications.
3. Time – Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data, seventh edition. The reference of architectural
fundamentals McGraw hill international edition, architectural series (1998).
4. Ed.By.Quentin Pickard RIBA “The Architects’ Hand Book”, Bladewell Science Ltd., 2002

REFERENCES:

1. Handbook on Building Construction Practices (Excluding Electrical Work). Bureau of Indian

Standards, New Delhi, 1997
2. National Building book of India 2005, Bureau of Indian Standards, New Delhi
3. Macmillan Encyclopedia architects, Vol II, The free press, London, 1982
4. A visual dictionary of Architecture, Francis D.K.Ching, John wiley & Sons, Inc. 1997

88
WEBSITES
http://wwwtest.library.ucla.edu/libraries/arts/websites/wwwdes.htm
http://www.clr.toronto.edu/VIRTUALLIB/ARCH/proj.html
http://www.thehub.net.au/%7Emorrisqc/architext
http://www.archinet.co.uk/
http://archinform.de/start.en.htm
http://www.plannet.com/

89
 SEMESTER VII
ARB405 LANDSCAPE AND ECOLOGY 3 CREDITS LT P C
3 0 0 3
GOAL To understand basics of ecology, planting design, site planning and landscaping of functional areas.

Objectives outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Acquire knowledge on ecology and  Learn about basics about ecology and conservation
conservation and reclamation of derelict areas.
 Know about common plants and the  Learn to identify common and popular plants,
use in landscape design contextual to the region and to work with guidelines.
 Evolution of garden design during  Learn about historical landscapes, planning styles and
different periods and countries. elements used in landscapes
 Acquire knowledge to do a  Learn to do landscape plan for recreational spaces,
comprehensive landscape development housing development, water front areas and urban
plan for various landscape functional centers considering the planning aspects and elements
areas. that has to be used in design.
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 6
Introduction to ecology, landscape conservation, reclamation and landscaping of derelict areas.

UNIT II PLANT MATERIALS 6

Notes on basic plant data for plant selection and planting design, in the Indian context.

UNIT III GARDEN DESIGN 8

A brief description of Mughal gardens of India, Japanese gardens and Italian gardens. Basic principles of
landscape design and the visual aspects of plant forms.

UNIT IV SITE PLANNING 10

Site investigation appraisal and site planning neighborhood parts, Children's parks toilets and sports area.

UNIT V LANDSCAPING OF FUNCTIONAL AREAS 15

Landscaping for various types of housing areas. Landscape design for waterfront areas and functional areas in
urban centers. Principles of urban landscape, urban design and architectural control.

TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. “Landscape Ecology”, Jim Sanderson & Larry D Harris by CRC press LLC, 2000.
2. “Landscape Architect’s Portable Handbook”, Nicholas T Dines & Kyle D Brown, 2001 by Mc Graw Hill
Companies, Inc.
3. The Living Landscape – An Ecological approach to Landscape Planning”, Frederick Steiner by the Mc Graw
Hill Companies, Inc, 2000.
REFERENCES
1. “Tropical Garden Plants”, William Warren, Thames & Hudson Ltd, London, 1997.
2. “the Landscape of Man”, Geofrey& Susan Jellicoe, Thames & Hudson Ltd, London, 1995.
3. “The Practical Encyclopedia of Garden Planning Design & Decoration”, Peter Mc Hoy & Tessa Evelegh,
Anness Publishing Ltd., 1999.
4. “Time – Saver Standards for Landscape Architecture”, Charles W Harris & Nicholas T Vines by Mc Graw
Hill, Inc, 1998
5. “Contemporary Trends in Landscape Architecture”, Steven L. Cartor by John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 1997.
90
ARB406 HUMAN SETTLEMENT PLANNING 3 Credits LT P C
3 0 0 3
Goal To understand the evolution and application of the planning concepts for the improvement of
environment through which the betterment of human living and welfare is achieved.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Understand the evolution and growth of  Have a comprehensive knowledge about the
human settlements in the nature and its history of human settlements
elements.  Have a complete knowledge about the various
 Understand about the various planning planning thoughts proposed by the scholars
principles and theories followed by various and its successful effects
town planners through the history.  Understand and analysis the various housing
 Know about the urban and rural housing conditions of the people and the road
conditions in India, and the road geometries geometries of our cities.
which will influence the built environment.  Look at the role and activities of the various
 Understand how planning activities are nodal agencies who regulate the city growth in
regulated in the state at various levels. our state.
 Know about the futuristic ideas of modern  Examine the various futuristic models
proposed cities and its development. proposed by the scholars at present.
UNIT - I INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN SETTLEMENTS 9
Introduction to human settlements - elements of human settlement - context and examples - major aspects in
spatial planning. Classification of human settlements - Growth and decay of human settlements: Factors
influencing the growth and decay, growth pattern of urban settlements during the last one-century in our country.
Structure and form of human settlements - physical and functional

UNIT - II PLANNING THEORIES 9

Planning Theories enunciated by Ebenezer Howard, Patrick Geddes, Doxiadis, Le-Corbusier & Clarence Arthur
Perry, their relevance to Indian Planning.

UNIT - III PLANNING ACTIVITIES 9

Urban and Rural Housing: Assessment of housing need and demand, Meaning of housing units – built units and
plots – approved, unapproved – developed, undeveloped and serviced. Roads – Classification, cross – section
elements – their geometry and functions, Intersection – conflicting points and channelisers.

UNIT - IV URBAN, REGIONAL PLANNING AND LOCAL GOVERNANCE 9

Aim, Objective, Scope and content of Regional Plan, Master Plan, Zonal Plan and Urban renewal plan.
Objectives, Functions, Responsibilities and Organizational structure of Village Panchayats, Municipalities,
Corporations and Urban Development Authorities.

UNIT - V SETTLEMENT SYSTEM IN A CHANGING WORLD 9

Human settlement in space.Regionalism and regional approach to human settlements growth.Global city,
Information Technology & Communication – the city of the future and future of the cities.Utopian concepts.
TOTAL: 45
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Gallion Arthur B &Eisna Simon, “The Urban Pattern: City Planning and Housing”, Cbs, 2005.
2. L. R. Kadiyali, “Traffic Engineering and Transport Planning”, Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 2000.
3. Peter Geoffrey Hall, “Urban and Regional Planning”, Fourth Edition, Routledge, 2002.

91
REFERENCES:
1. De witt Douglas Kilgore, “Astrofuturism: science, race, and vision of utopia in space”, University of
Pennsylvania Press, 2003.
2. Frederic P. Miller etall, “Ekistics: Ekistics, Konstantinos ApostolosDoxiadis, Human Settlement, Urban
Planning, Architectural Theory, Settlement Hierarchy, Arcology, Conurbation, Consolidated City-county,
Global City”, Alphascript Publication, 2010.
3. Government of India, “Report of the National Commission on Urbanisation”, 1988.
4. Scott Campbell and Susan S. Fainstein, “Readings in Planning theory”, Wiley Blackwell, 2003.
5. Thodupuzha M. Jospeh, “Local Governance in India: Ideas, Challenges and Strategies”, Concept Publishing
Company. 2009.

92
 LT P C
ARB 407 APPROPRIATE TECHNOLOGY 3 Credits
3 0 0 3
To make the students aware of the fact that new technologies and buildings have made living
Goal unsustainable. Rapid development has resulted in scarcity and high prices of energy and
environmental degradation. The combinations of new technologies have benign social
applications and they combine to undermine sustainability.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the students : The students should be able :
● To understand the definition and scope of ● To evaluate the need and importance of using
appropriate technology appropriate technology
● To understand the relevance of Mud and its ● To analyze and differentiate between different
construction techniques. alternative building techniques.
● To understand the types and usage of ● To apply various appropriate construction
Alternative building materials technology
● To understand various alternative and low cost ● To evaluate the development and application of
construction technology research initiatives in architectural projects.
● To understand the Research initiatives and
innovation in India and around the world

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 6
Definition of Appropriate technology, Need, Scope, Sustainability, Cost Effectiveness, Limitations, Culture
,Importance of local materials and types of construction

UNIT II MUD ARCHITECTURE 12

Adobe Construction, Cob, Wattle and Daub walls, Rammed Earth, Stabilized Earth blocks, Earthen finishes,
Earth Floor, Architects working on Earth Construction, Burnt clay tile roofing Architects Work- Hassan Fathy,
Laurie Baker etc. Workshop to be conducted

UNIT III ALTERNATIVE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES 8

Bamboo, Applications of bamboo in building construction-flooring-roofing-ceiling-Trusses,Straw bale
technology, Fly Ash, GFRC, Lime as a building material, Other alternative materials like Sand bag, Construction
waste. Study visits to be organized

UNIT IV APPROPRIATE CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 12

Ferro-cement and its applications, Thermal Insulation techniques - Rat Trap bond, Hollow blocks, Cavity walls,
Filler slabs, Pre Fab - Modular Construction, Works of architects involved in Appropriate building technology –
Auroville,Habitat etc.

UNIT V RESEARCH INITIATIVES 7

Disaster Relief shelters, Research agencies in Alternative building Technology,Role of building centres in
India,SERC, CBRI, BMPTC, Case study of buildings constructed by experts with improved/ appropriate
techniques and their analysis. Study visits to be organized.
TOTAL: 45

TEXT BOOK
1. K.S. Jagadish, Alternative Building Materials and Technologies, New Age International Private Limited;
Second Edition edition, 2017
REFERENCES
1. Lynne Elizabeth and Cassandra Adams; Alternative Construction: Contemporary Natural Building Methods
2. Hugo Houben, Earth Construction: A Comprehensive Guide, Intermediate Technology Publications, 1994
3. Mohan Rai and M.P Jaisingh: Advances in building materials and construction, CBRI Roorkee Publications

93
ARB 408 VALUATION 3 Credits LTPC
3003
Goal To get the knowledge on valuation of properties, rent fixation, Public works department
accounts, and measurement books
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the students to : The students should be able to:
 Understand the principles and methods of  Identify various methods of property
valuation of properties. valuation and the duties of the valuer
 Understand free hold and lease hold properties  Identify and classify the properties,
and different types of values along with and sinking fund, depreciation, years of
about mortgaging purchase and to fix the rent of various
 Valuation of properties using different properties.
methods  Fix the value of built up properties using
 Understand the valuation of properties for different methods of valuation
Income Tax Purpose.  To value properties for different tax
 Understand about valuation of properties for purposes.
Bank loan purpose  Prepare valuation reports and assess
value for bank loan purposes.
UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION 9
Real estate – Cost, Price, Value - Principles & Purpose of valuation – Factors affecting market value - Various
types of valuations – Valuation methods, Forms of Value, Fair rent – purpose – methods, Problems on fair rent
calculation.
UNIT 2 PROPERTY AND ITS FINANCE 8
Classification of Property, Freehold and Leasehold interest and difference between them, Mortgage, Easement
and its effect on valuation, Valuation of special buildings like Cinema hall and Hotels.
UNIT 3 METHODS OF VALUATION 10
Methods of Land Valuation – Sale instances – Collection of data, Methods of Valuation of land and Buildings –
Depreciation – methods of depreciation Calculation of Standard rent -Accommodation Land and Accommodation
Works, Annuity, Rent fixation.
UNIT 4 VALUATION PROCEDURE 8
Rental method of valuation – Outgoings – Sinking fund – Collection charges – Repairs and maintenance –
Capitalized value, Perpetuity, Reversionary value of land, Problems on rent capitalization method.
UNIT 5 ACCOUNTS AND REPORTING METHODS 10
Valuation Cell of IT Department, its power and duties, Types of Income tax cases for which valuation is required,
Valuing property for each types, Problems, Valuation for obtaining bank loans, Procedure, and format. Approved
valuers for Banks, Income Tax Department, Miscellaneous valuers other than real estate.
Total 45
Text Books
1. Rangwala S. C., “Valuation of Real Properties”, Charotar Publishing House P Ltd., 2015
2. Dutta, B.N., “Estimating and Costing in Civil Engineering”, UBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt.
Ltd., 2003
References:
1. Namavati Roshan, “Theory & Practice of Valuation”, Published by Lakhani Book Depot, 2010,
2. Practical Information for Quantity Surveyors, Property valuers, Architects Engineers and
Builders, P.T.Joglekar, Pune VidyarthiGrihaPrakashan, 2008 reprint.
3. SyamalesDatta, “Valuation of Real Property: Principles And Practices”, Eastern Law House P
Ltd., 2004
4. D.N. Banerjee, ‘Principles and Practices of Valuation’, V Edition, Eastern Law House, 1998.

94
ARB409 HIGHRISE BUILDINGS 3 Credits LTPC
30 0 3
GOAL To enable the students to have knowledge and expertise in design and construction of
highrise buildings.

Objectives Outcomes
 To introduce the concept of High rise  By the end of the course, student should be able to
buildings sufficiently design a high rise building
 To impart knowledge on the planning and  The student should be able to have sufficient
designing aspects of high rise buildings knowledge to suggest appropriate structural
 To expose the students to various types of systems for high rise buildings.
structural systems that are employed for high  The student should be able to design vertical
rise buildings. transportation systems, Water supply systems,
 To impart knowledge about the special service Electrical and Communication systems and Fire
requirements of high rise buildings protection systems.
 To create awareness about the sigh rise  To enable student to apply aspects of
buildings sustainability in high rise building design
INTRODUCTION 5
Definition of High rise in different contexts – need – scope – advantages and disadvantages – History of high rise
structures –5 ages of high rise structures - Current tall buildings and their salient features

DESIGN OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS 8

High rise building design approach – planning strategies – Building form – Plan shape efficiencies – Core
Planning – Types, Components – Planning strategy for shafts and ducts – Parking strategies

STRUCTURE 12
Aerodynamics – Structural systems – height vs footprint - Wind load issues – Seismic issues – Materials –
foundation

SERVICES 12
Vertical transportation – HVAC systems - Water supply transmission& distribution – waste disposal –Firefighting
regulations& Strategies - Service Floor – relevant regulations in Indian Context

SUSTAINABILITY 8
Building Automation – Green Elements – Passive and Active design – Works of Architects like Ken Yeang,
Norman Foster
TOTAL : 45
TEXT BOOKS
1. Designing Tall Buildings: Structure as Architecture By Mark Sarkisian
2. Bryan Stafford and Alex Coull, Tall Building Structures, Analysis and Design John Wiley & Sons,
NewYork, 1991
3. Stein Reynolds Mc Guinness – Mechanical and Electrical equipment for buildings – vol 1 & 2 – John
Wiley& sons
4. Tall building design:steel,concrete,and composite systems.by Bungales.Taranath.-CRC press.

REFERENCE:
1. Krishna Raju .N, Pre Stressed Concrete, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd.,
New Delhi, 1988
2. Taranath .B.S, Structural Analysis and Design of Tall Buildings, McGraw Hill,
New York, 1988.
3. Bennetts Ian & others – Tall building structural systems.
4. Proceedings of the Council for Tall buildings – Vol 1 to 10 Books – 1997.
5. Handbook on buidingfirecodes by G.B.Menon.
6. National building code (NBC) Part 4-directorate of fire service. annex c.

95
 ELECTIVE I
ELECTIVE I VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND LTPC
ARC361 2 Credits
ARCHITECTURE 2002
Goal
To make students understand that visual communication was simultaneous developing with
architecture and it is a source of inspiration to application to Architecture.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Learn the need and importance of visual  Understand the basic relationship
communication and theories and philosophies between visual communication and
related to it. architecture.
 Learn the elements of design, materials,  Understand the basic concept behind
techniques and tools of graphic design. graphic design.
 Learn the way finding in built environment and  Familiarize with mobile augmental
outdoor using advanced computer applications. reality and use of GPRS & GPS.
 Learn Digital sculpture and installation  Understand about installation art and
 Learn various techniques behind architectural architecture.
photography.  Perception and visual documentation
of architectural projects.

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO VISUAL COMMUNICATION 4

Need for and the Importance of Human and Visual Communication. Communication an expression, skill and
process. Relation between visual communication and architecture. Theories and Philosophies of Visual
Communication.

UNIT II GRAPHIC DESIGN 6

Basics of Graphic Design. Definition, Elements of GD, Design process-research, a source of concept, the
process of developing ideas-verbal, visual, combination & thematic, visual thinking. Problem associated with
editing and manipulation of image/pictures using PhotoShop/Corel Draw. Associative techniques, materials,
tools (precision instruments etc.) design execution, and presentation.

UNIT III WAY FINDING IN ARCHITECTURE 8

Basics of Way finding in complex built environments. Study of semiotic theory. Study of signs and signages
and their application in built environment. Use of advanced computer applications such as mobile augmented
reality and RFID tagging in process of way finding in indoor environment. Use of GPRS and GPS for way
finding in outdoor environment.

UNIT IV INSTALLATION ART AND ARCHITECTURE 5

Introduction to Digital sculpture and installation art and their association to architecture. Integration of Open
spaces and public spaces with installations. Study of works of Contemporary Installation artist. Conceptual
design of Installation for place architecture.

UNIT V ARCHITECTURAL PHOTOGRAPHY 7

Human Eye and Camera. Basics of Camera and its operations. Types of Camera. Visual Perception.
Perception of Colour, depth, lighting, foreground, mid ground, and background in architectural
photography. Visual Documentation of Architectural projects. Image processing, Editing/Post
production. Preparation of port folio.
TOTAL: 30
96
TEXT BOOKS
1. Overlooking the Visual: Demystifying the Art of Design Paperback – Import (2009) by Kathryn Moore
2. Louis Smith, Kenneth (2005) Handbook of Visual Communication: Theory, Methods and Media, Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates.

REFERENCES

1. Good Charts: The HBR Guide to Making Smarter, More Persuasive Data Visualizations 2016 by Scott Berinato
2. Picture this: Media Representation of Visual Arts and artists. University of Luton Press
3. Lester, Paul Martin, (2010) Visual Communication: Images with Messages, Thompson Wadsworth, USA
4. O Huck, Fedrick, Fales.L.Carl and Rahman, Zia-Ur (2010) Visual communication: an information theory
approach, Kluwer Academic Publishers.
5. Edited by Anna Bentkowska-Kafel, Trish Cashen and Hazel Gardiner. (2009) Digital visual culture : theory and
practice, Intellect :Bristol,UK
6. Hembree, Ryan (2008) The complete graphic designer : a guide to understanding graphics and visual
communication, Beverly, Mass. : Rockport Publishers

WEBSITES
1. https://www.ripublication.com/irph/ijert_spl17/ijertv10n1spl_20.pdf
2. https://arch.usc.edu/courses/420
3. https://archinect.com/umsoa

97
 Elective I LTPC
BUILDING AUTOMATION 2 Credits
ARC362 2002
Goal
Security of the building and safety of personal are becoming important aspects
now a day and in near future, it will be in a great demand. Complex infrastructure requires a variety of
building automation and control Systems. Building Management System is computer-based control
system installed in building that controls and monitors the total MEP (Mechanical
–Electrical –Plumbing) and security Structure .BMS consist of both Hardware and software. This
subject will help the students to understand the various aspects of different systems seen in well-
structured building.
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 To understand the importance of  Analyze current philosophy, technology,
building automation terminology, and practices used in
 To integrate these systems with  building automation
architecture  Evaluate different fire standards, FAS
 Able to understand how BMS effects Components, FAS loops, Architectures.
functional efficiency of he building  select hardware and software for
 HVAC system.
 Evaluate energy management system

UNIT I INTRODUCTION 4
Concept and application of Building Automation and Management system.
Design issues related to building automation and its effect on functional efficiency; Concept and
application of Building Management System (BMS) and Automation, requirements and design
considerations and its effect on functional efficiency of building automation system, architecture and
components of BMS

UNIT II FIRE SYSTEMS 6

Fundamentals: What is Fire? Fire modes, History, Components, and Principles of Operation.FAS
Components:Different fire sensors, smoke detectors and their types,Fire control panels, design
considerations for the FA system.Field Components, Panel Components, Applications.FAS
Architectures: Types of Architectures, Examples.
FAS loops: Classification of loops, Examples.
Fire Standards: FAS Design procedure in brief, NFPA 72A, BS 5839,
IS Concept of IP enabled fire &alarm system, design aspects and components of PA system.

UNIT III ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS1 4

Access Control System: Access Components, Access control system Design.
CCTV:Camera:Operation& types, Camera Selection Criteria, Camera Applications, DVR Based system,
DVM, Network design, Storage design.Components of CCTV system like cameras, types of lenses,
typical types of cables, controlling system

UNIT IV HVAC 8
Introduction to HVAC, HVAC Fundamentals, Basic Processes (Heating ,Cooling etc) Basic
Science: Air Properties, Psychometric Chart, Heat Transfer mechanisms, Examples. Human
Comfort: Human comfort zones, Effect of Heat, Humidity, Heat loss .Processes: Heating Process
& Applications (I.e. Boiler, Heater), Cooling Process &Applications (I.e. Chiller), Ventilation Process
& Applications (I.e. Central Fan System, AHU, Exhaust Fans), Unitary Systems (VAV, FCU
etc).Control Theory: Instrumentation Basics, Field components & use, DDC & applications. Control
Panel: HVAC Control Panel, MCC Basics, Panel Components Communication: Communication Basics,
Networks, BAC Net, Modbus, LON
98
UNIT V BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS 8
IBMS (HVAC, Fire & Security) project cycle, Project steps BMS.Verticals: Advantages & Applications
of BMS, Examples Integration: IBMS Architecture, Normal & Emergency operation. Advantages of
BMs
TOTAL : 30

TEXT BOOK

1.Smart Buildings by Jim Sinopoli, Butterworth-Heinemann imprint of Elsevier,2nd ed., 2010.

2.Understanding Building Automation Systems (Direct Digital Control, Energy
Management, Life Safety, Security, Access Control, Lighting, Building Management
Programs) by Reinhold A. Carlson, Robert A. Di Giandomenico, pub. by R.S. Means Company, 1991.
3.Intelligent Building Systems By Albert Ting-Pat So, WaiLok Chan, Kluwer Academic publisher,3rd
ed., 2012.

REFERENCES
1.Design of Special Hazards and Fire Alarm Systems by Robert Gagnon, Thomson Delmar Learning;
2nd edition, 2007.
2.HVAC Controls and Systems by Levenhagen, John I.Spethmann, Donald H., McGraw-Hill Pub.
3.HVAC Control in the New Millennium by Hordeski, Michael F, Fairmont press, 2001.
4.Process Control-Instrument Engineers Handbook by Bela G. Liptak, Chilton book co.

WEBSITES:
1. http://nptel.ac.in/video.php
2. https://buildingsolutions.honeywell.com/en-US/Pages/default.aspx
3. http://www.isa.org
4. http://www.controleng.com/
5. http://www.schneider-electric.com/b2b/en/solutions/system/s1/buildings-systems.jsp
6. http://www.automation.siemens.com/
7. http://coep.vlab.co.in/?sub=33&brch=97

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 Elective I VERNACULAR LTPC
2 Credits
ARC363 ARCHITECTURE 2002
GOAL
This course examines the history, characteristics, technology and meaning of Vernacular architecture of
India.
Objectives outcomes
The course should enable the student to : The course should enable the student to :
 To provide an overview of the various approaches  Understand and appreciate the uniqueness
and concepts to the study of vernacular of Indian vernacular architecture
architecture.  Acquire knowledge about the traditional
 To develop a broader sense of understanding of the building techniques and materials.
relationship between architecture, environment  Master the skills of visual literacy: how to
and culture think critically, to analyze creatively, and to
 To Identify and interpret specific local, regional, write clearly about the vernacular built
and national vernacular traditions from India. environment.
 To introduce the study of vernacular architecture
as a sustainable design solution

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE 4

a. Definition and classification of Vernacular architecture
b. Vernacular architecture as a process – Survey and study of vernacular architecture:
methodology- Cultural and contextual responsiveness of vernacular architecture: an
overview
c. Approaches and concepts to the study of vernacular architecture: an over view –
Aesthetic, Architectural and anthropological studies in detail

UNIT II TRADITIONAL BUILDING MATERIALS 4

a. History of use of traditional building materials- Earth, stone, lime, timber and bamboo
b. Advantages and disadvantages of natural building materials: sustainable approach

UNIT III VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF WEST, NORTH & NE INDIA 8

Forms spatial planning, cultural aspects, symbolism, colour, art, materials of constructionand
construction technique of the vernacular architecture of -
- Deserts of Kutch and Rajasthan; Havelis of Rajasthan
- Rural and urban Gujarat; wooden mansions (havelis); Havelis of the Bohra Muslims
- Geographical regions of Kashmir; house boats
- Houses of Assam and Mizoram
UNIT IV VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF SOUTH INDIA 8
Forms, spatial planning, cultural aspects, symbolism, art, colour, materials of construction and
construction technique, proportioning systems, religious beliefs and practices in the vernacular
architecture of:
- Kerala: Houses of the Nair & Namboothri community: Koothambalam, Padmanabhapuram palace.
- Tamil Nadu: Houses and palaces of the Chettinad region; Agraharams.
- Franco-Tamil Housing of Pondicherry.
UNIT V CASE STUDY 6
Detailed Study of a vernacular building – analyse various factors – cultural, social-economic,
technological, climatic, materials, current status, etc. Documentation of floor plans, sections, elevations,
ornamental detailing and vernacular aspects
TOTAL 30

100
TEXTBOOKS:

1. House ,form and culture - Amas Rapport, 1969.

2. Paul Oliver, Dwellings: the vernacular house worldwide, Phaidon -2007
3. Marcel Vellinga, Paul Oliver, Alexander Bridge, Atlas of vernacular architecture of the world,
Routledge New York, NY 2007

REFERENCES:

1. Vernacular architecture in the 21st century - Theory,Education and Practice - Lindsay Asquith,Marcel
Vellinga (2006)
2. V.S. Praman, Havali – Wooden Houses & Mansions of Gujarat, Mapin Publishing Pvt. Ltd.,
Ahmedabad, 1990.
3. Bharat Dave ,Jay Thakkar , Mansi Shah Prathaa: Kath-khuni Architecture of Himachal Pradesh, 2013
4. Rene Kolkman & Stuart Blackburn Tribal Architecture in Northeast India, 2014
5. Miki Desai Wooden Architecture of Kerala, Mapin publishing, 2017
6. Thomas Carter, Elizabeth Cromley - Invitation to Vernacular Architecture: A Guide to the Study of
Ordinary Buildings and Landscapes (Vernacular Architecture Studies) (Perspectives in Vernacular
Architecture) 2005
7. Chapter 2, Manual for Restoration and Retrofitting of Rural Structures in Kashmir.
8. Sharath Sunder Rajeev “Agraharams: the origin and evolution of a unique housing pattern in kerala”
9. INTACH Publication, Architectural Heritage of Pondicherry.

ONLINE REFERENCES:
Chettinad Egg Lime Plaster, M.RM.RM Foundation.
Athangudi Tiles, Winning documentary at 55th Annual NASA Convention.

101
 ELECTIVE II (VI SEMESTER)
Elective II ARCHITECTURAL JOURNALISM AND LTPC
2 Credits
ARC364 PHOTOGRAPHY 2002
GOAL
This course enables students to understand the philosophies and concepts behind an architectural work
and critic it. All architecture students can prosper by learning to see light and how light alters the
visual impact of architectural forms. Just as drawing allows students to refine their vision and
perspective teaches how we see, the camera allows for yet another discipline to organically create with
architecture and light.
Objectives Outcomes
Enables the students to: Enable student to:
 Understand the philosophies and styles  Understand the influences of criticism towards
of a building more deeply. architecture.
 Enables them with the tools to write  Intermediate ability to photograph architectural
about their understanding of the models and small products, including a studio set
building. up with studio lighting and possibly strobe
 Understand the impact of literary works lighting.
on the actual built environment  Creation of exceptional images with light and
 Understanding of architectural lighting. architecture, including dusk imagery.
 Heightened sensitivity to light and how
it strengthens architectural design
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO ARCHITECTURAL JOURNALISM 6
What does architectural journalism really mean? How is it more than just written articles on
architecture? What is the crux of the course?

UNIT II NEEDS –RELEVANCE AND IMPACT 4

Studying how writing architecture has made a difference to the built scenario. Understanding the
relevant growth of the subject from where it started till now. How can writing change the way buildings
are built and transformed! Perspectives

UNIT III ANALYSIS OF WORKS 4

Works of Indian and international writers and critics will be presented and discussed. Seminars on
Indian architectural writers, journalists and critics Analysis of recent historical and contemporary
examples of written and journalistic criticism of architecture, including selected writings by Indian and
overseas critics; discursive techniques, analysis of major critical themes, thematic categories in
architectural writing over the past three centuries.

UNIT IV PRESENT TRENDS IN ARCHITECTURE 4

Converting theory into practice. The social media boon. Different criticism or appreciation for the same
building by architects or star architects. Assignment on Pritzker and the winners till today and the writer
behind. Examples of Architecture Journalist

UNIT V INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOGRAPHY 6

General introduction to the art of photography; concept of color; concepts of lighting, distance, visual
angle, frames; media; Exercise on integrating photography in architectural journalism. The interior
perspectives, the ambient snapshots, highlighting the product design.

UNIT VI PHOTOGRAPHIC TECHNIQUES 6

Types of camera, properties and priorities; Exposure, Aperture, Speed; Photographic films, Film
processing color, black and white, printing techniques, developing. Imparting the different Photoshop
tutorials like double exposure, paper effect,
TOTAL 30
102
TEXT BOOKS
1. Dave Sounders, Professional Advertising Photography, Merchurst, London 1988
2. Roger Hicks, Practical photography, Cassell, London 1996

REFERENCE BOOKS
1. Julian Calder and john Garrett, The 35mm Photographer’s Handbook, Pan Books, London 1999 2.
Julie Adair King, Digital Photography for Dummies, COMDEX, New Delhi 1998

WEBSITES
https://digital-photography-school.com/architectural-photography/
https://photography.tutsplus.com/articles/a-brilliant-beginners-guide-to-architectural-photography--
photo-7883
https://googleweblight.com/i?u=https://www.arch2o.com/principles-architectural-criticism/&hl=en-IN

103
 LTPC
ARC366 SITE PLANNING AND LANDSCAPE 2 Credits
2002
Goal
To enable students to understand elements involved in landscape and learn the principles of site
planning
Objectives Outcomes
The course should enable the student to: The students should be able to:
 Learn the approach towards planning open  Understand the factors in and around a
spaces site influencing space design
 Learn Natural site design by preserving and  Able to engage with natural features and
protecting flora and fauna terrain and hydrology of the site
 Learn land and site utilization in an existing  Understand the principles through which
terrain effective site planning and landscape can
 Understand the hydrology and surface be undertaken.
drainage of the site
 Learn the planning principles of Landscape
planning

UNIT I INTRODUCTION -: SITE INTERPRETATION 7

Approach towards planning open spaces – Typology of open spaces - open spaces with respect to
buildings - roads, play areas, water bodies, etc. – factors at site and around site influencing open space
design – Neighbourhood factors influencing site – Vegetation – Soil study – Slope study – Hydrology

UNIT II PRESERVATION & PROTECTION 6

Natural Site Design - Preservation of Natural Vegetation - Riparian Buffer Zones -Wetlands -
Floodplains - Steep Slopes - Vegetation mapping – Understanding the different strata of vegetation –
ground cover, shrubs, trees, vines and climbers – Fauna of region - appreciating their unique and
intrinsic characteristics of site and its surroundings and learning to decide nature of engaging with each.
UNIT III LAND AND SITE UTILIZATION 4
Soil Properties - Reduce Limits of Clearing & Grading - Fit the Design to the Existing Terrain - Utilize
Undisturbed Areas & Natural Buffers – Erosion due to run off
UNIT IV SURFACE DRAINAGE / HYDROLOGY 5
Natural Drainageways vs. Storm Sewers - The carrying capacity - the watershed study - surface
hydrology – Swales – Vegetated waterways – Erosion – sedimentation in reservoirs – check dams,
dykes
UNIT V PLANNING PRINCIPLES 8
Creative Development Design -Roadway Design -Building Footprints -Parking Lot -footprints -Setbacks
& Frontages – Comprehensive study of all factors – Erosion control – Retention ponds
TOTAL: 30
TEXT BOOKS :
1. “Landscape Architect’s Portable Handbook”, Nicholas T Dines& Kyle D Brown, 2001 by McGraw
Hill Companies, Inc.
2. Site planning – Kelvin Lynch
3. The Living Landscape –An Ecological approach to Landscape Planning”, Frederick Steiner, 2001, by
McGraw Hill Companies, Inc.
4. Landscape Architecture Theory: An Ecological Approach, 2016 by Michael Murphy, Island Press

REFERENCES :
1. The Watershed: Landscape Architecture and Hydrology of Place by Andrew Schrauth, Cornell
University
2. Site Engineering for Landscape Architects, 2013 By Steven Strom, Kurt Nathan, Jake Woland, John
Wiley & Sons; 6th Revised edition
104
3. Landscape Site Grading Principles: Grading with Design in Mind, 2014 1st Edition by Bruce G.
Sharky, John Wiley & Sons
4. T.S.S. for Landscape Architecture
5. Landscape Construction and detailing – Alan Blanc

WEBSITES :
https://www.wbdg.org › design-disciplines
https://www.buildinggreen.com › feature
www.rri.wvu.edu › mcbride › section3
https://pubs.usgs.gov › circ1139 › htdocs

105
 SPECIAL ELECTIVE IN ASSOCIATION WITH GLASS ACADEMY

LTPC
ARC 360 GLASS ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN 2 Credits
2002
Goal
This is an Industry based elective course offered to students of Architecture to provide them with
concepts on modern concepts on Glass Architecture, Role of Glass in Green design and concepts
on considerations for improving the building performance using glass.
Objectives Outcomes

● To understand the different types of glass and it's ● Usage Glass as a building material in
applications. various contexts.
● To understand the factors affecting energy ● An understanding of the parameters
efficiency of glass. affecting performance of glass
● To understand the features of energy codes and ● Use glass in the contemporary context of
rating systems. energy codes and rating systems.
● To understand the usage of special glasses ● Working knowledge of performance
● To understand the safety compliance in execution evaluation softwares.
of glasses in buildings
● To evaluate the energy performance of glass
through passive and active methods.
● To analyze usage and performance of glass.

UNIT I GLASSS – AS A BUILDING MATERIAL 4

Glass a building material, Float glass manufacturing technology, Types of glasses, Value addition :
Mechanical Properties – Glass Processing - Pre processing, Tempering / Heat Strengthening – Process &
Applications, Insulated Glass Units / Double Glazing – Process & Applications, Laminated Glass –
process & Applications, Ceramic Frit.

UNIT II BUILDING PHYSICS & CODES 5

Building Physics : Theory of electromagnetic radiation. Factors defining performance & Selection of
Glass : ( VLT, SF, UV, SHGC). Need for Green Buildings : Energy efficient buildings. Achieving
energy efficiency using glass. Factors of energy efficient material selection: Performance parameters.
Energy codes and Green ratings : ECBC, IGBC, GRIHA

UNIT III USAGE & SAFETY OF GLASSES 5

Human Safety Compliances, Fire Resistant Glazing : Types & Applications, Understanding Acoustic
Glazing : Principle & Applications, Interior Glazing : Types & Applications, Optical Properties –
Coating Technology, Glass for segments – Hospitals, Green Homes, Airports, Offices, Educational
Institutions.

UNIT IV ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF GLASS 8

Approaches of energy efficiency: prescriptive method,trade off method – accommodating passive
architecture, whole building simulation. Calculations involving basic factors in glass design, software
analysis and case studies, create your building: interactive modeling, find when it’s hot: sun path
analysis, feel the weather : solar exposure analysis, know the angles : building orientation analysis

106
UNIT V ANALYSIS OF PERFORMANCE OF GLASS USING SOFTWARE 8
Optimization Of Glass : For Wastage Reduction & Standardization Of Design, Software Analysis And
Case Studies, Accommodate Comfort: Daylight Analysis And Acoustic Analysis, Check For Safety:
Thickness Analysis, Foresee How Things Look: Colour And Aesthetics, Money Matters: Wastage
Optimization, Ac Load Calculations And Payback Analysis – A Comparative Case Study, Creative Use
And Solutions Of Glass
TOTAL 30
REFERENCES

1. Structural Glass Facades and Enclosures, Mic Patterson; ISBN : 978-0-470-93185-1

2. Glass in Architecture ISBN 0714829226 by Micheal Wigginton
3. Joseph.S.Amstock’s Glass in Construction (McGraw-Hill, 1997)
4. Envelop Design for buildings ISBN 0750628545 by William Allen
5. Thomas Herzog, Façade Construction Manual; Birkhauser, 2004.
6. FOSG Architectural Guide
7. Glass Academy Foundation Manual Volume-I
8. Glass Academy Foundation Manual Volume-II
9. Glass Academy Foundation Manual Volume-III

107