許誠哲統計: 暑期小考 (2024-2025) 範圍: CH5 常用離散分配

• 單選題共 30 題, 每題 3 分, 不倒扣。
作答表單
• 多選題共 2 題, 每題 5 分, 不倒扣。 多選題每題有 5 個選項, 至少
有一個正確答案。 若答對 k 個選項即得到 k 分。 例如正確答案為
ACD 但回答為 BCD, 則答對 3 個選項, 故得 3 分。

• 考試時間 100 分鐘, 可以使用計算機。

• 請掃描作答表單 QR code 或 點選連結 , 利用 google 表單作答。

Part I 單選題: 請選出一個正確或最佳答案

1. A man with 10 keys wants to open his door and tries the keys at random. Suppose there is exactly
one key will open the door. If unsuccessful keys are eliminated from further selections. Let X be
the number of trials to find the right key. What is the distribution of X?
(A) Uniform distribution
(B) Geometric distribution
(C) Binomial distribution
(D) Negative binomial distribution 《109 政大財管》
2. A company is recruiting management trainees for entry-level marketing positions. Based on
historical data, approximately 20% are expected to remain employed after six months. If the
company has recently hired five trainees, what is the approximate probability that exactly three
of them will still be employed at the end of six months?
(A) 0.005
(B) 0.008
(C) 0.05
(D) 0.2
(E) 0.5 《113 台大商研》
3. 二項隨機實驗不具下列何種特性?
(A) 每一次試行只有兩種互斥的可能結果, 不是成功, 就是失敗
(B) 隨機變數定義為第一次成功所需的試行的次數
(C) 每一次試行都是獨立的

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 (D) 實驗中包含 n 次相同的試行
(E) 成功的機率為 p, 失敗的機率為 1  p, 且每次試行的機率均相同 《113 中正經研》
4. It is known that 95% of IC chips on a production line are non-defective. A sample of 5 chips
is selected at regular intervals for inspection. The probability that the number of non-defective
chips among the 5 selected IC chips is less than 3 is approximately:
(A) 0.0012
(B) 0.0226
(C) 0.1896
(D) 0.0004 《113 北科工管》
 3e4
t
5. If the moment generating function of X is M ˆt  ˆ 41 12 , what is standard deviation of X?
(A) 2.25
(B) 1.5
(C) 0.39
(D) 9 《112 台北經研》
6. A sales person makes "cold calls" trying to sell a product by phone and is successful on each call
with probability 1/50. Whether or not he is successful is independent from one call to the next.
If he calls 50 people, the number of successful calls is:
(A) exactly 1, since he called 50 people and the probability of success is 1/50 each time.
(B) at most 1, because once he has been successful he can’t be successful again in the 50 calls.
(C) a binomial random variable.
(D) equally likely to be 0, 1 or 2.
(E) none of the above 《112 北科經管》
7. X1 and X2 are independent random variables with X  binomial ˆn1 , p1  and X2  binomial ˆn2 , p2 .
If Y X1  X2 is also binomially distributed, then
(A) n1 n2
(B) p1 p2
(C) n1 n2 and p1 p2
(D) p1  p2 1 has to be satisfied. 《112 北科工管》
8. X 為一二項分配, 平均值為 6 變異數為 3.6, X 4 的機率為何?
(A) 0.1059
(B) 0.1268
(C) 0.1493
(D) 0.1625 《109 成大財金》

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9. Let X and Y be two Bernoulli distributed random variables. Furthermore, P ˆ X 0, Y 0 0.3,
PˆX 0, Y 1 0.2, and P ˆ X 1, Y 0 0.2. Which of the following statements is correct?
(A) X and Y are uncorrelated and independent.
(B) X and Y are uncorrelated and dependent.
(C) X and Y are correlated and independent.
(D) X and Y are negatively correlated and dependent.
(E) X and Y are positively correlated and dependent. 《109 台大商研》
10. 若 X 服從二項分配 (Binomial Distribution) , 且 X  Bˆ10, 0.5, 試求 E ˆ X 2  X 
(A) 30.5
(B) 31.5
(C) 32.5
(D) 33.5 《107 成大經研》
11. Whenever π 0.1 and n is small, the binomial distribution will be
(A) symmetric.
(B) right-skewed.
(C) left-skewed.
(D) None of the above. 《105 交大科管》
12. An application processor for a small life insurance and annuity company processes all applica-
tions for both products. Applications arrive according to a Poison process at a rate of 6 per hour
and any one application has probability 0.4 of being for an annuity policy. Calculate the proba-
bility that the next 3 applications received are for life insurance.
(A) 0.18
(B) 0.22
(C) 0.26
(D) 0.30
(E) 0.34 《113 政大風保精算》
13. On average, a certain intersection occurs four traffic accidents per hour with Poisson distribu-
tion. Which of the following statements is true?
(A) The probability that there will be no traffic accidents for an hour is 4e 4 .
(B) The probability that a traffic accident occurring within half hour is 0.5e 4 .
(C) The probability that two traffic accidents occurring in 15 minutes is 0.5e 1 .
(D) It has been an hour without a traffic accident. The probability that there will be no traffic
accident in the next 15 minutes is 2e 1 . 《113 成大企研》

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14. The number of calls coming per minute into a hotel reservation center is Poisson random vari-
able with a mean of 3. The probability that at least two calls arrive in a given two minutes is
approximately:
(A) 0.7547
(B) 0.9826
(C) 0.5828
(D) 0.1733 《113 北科工管》
15. Suppose that the number of customers arriving at a bank between 10:00am to noon follows a
Poisson distribution with mean λ 30, and that 20% of these customers are to make loans. How
many customers are expected to arrive between 10:00-11:00am for making loans?
(A) 3
(B) 6
(C) 9
(D) none of the above 《112 政大企研》
16. An assembly line is examined as a final test. Suppose the flaws occur randomly in the processes,
and the flaws occur according to a Poisson distribution with parameter λ 0.03. Which of the
following description is correct? (e 0.03 1.0305; e 0.03 0.9704)
(A) The probability that an assembly will have exactly one defect is 0.1291
(B) The probability that an assembly will have exactly one defect is 0.0309
(C) The probability that an assembly will have one or more defect is 0.9704
(D) The probability that an assembly will have one or more defect is 0.0296
(E) None of the above description is correct. 《111 成大企研》
17. Which of the following random variables are LEAST apt to be Poisson distributed?
(A) The number of nuts in a $1.50 candy bar.
(B) The weight of a $1.50 candy bar.
(C) The number of stalled cars per day in the company parking lot.
(D) The number of people arriving per 10-minute interval at a fast food outlet.
《111 成大財金》
18. What type of probability distribution will most likely be used to analyze the number of choco-
late chip parts per cookie in the following problem? The quality control manager of Marilyn’s
Cookies is inspecting a batch of chocolate chip cookies. When the production process is in con-
trol, the average number of chocolate chip parts per cookie is 6.0. The manager is interested in
analyzing the probability that any particular cookie being inspected has fewer than 5.0 chip parts.

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 (A) binomial distribution
(B) hypergeometric distribution
(C) Poisson distribution
(D) none of the above 《111 師大全營》
19. The Sutton police department must write, On average, 6 tickets a day to keep department rev-
enues at budgeted levels. Suppose the number of tickets written per day follows a Poisson distri-
bution with a mean of 6.5 tickets per day. Interpret the value of the mean.
(A) The mean has no interpretation.
(B) The expected number of tickets written would be 6.5 per day.
(C) Half of the days have less than 6.5 tickets written and half of the days have more than 6.5
tickets written.
(D) The number of tickets that is written most often is 6.5 tickets per day. 《110 台大商研》
20. Which of the following statements is(are) correct about Poisson distribution?

i. The median is greater than the mean.

ii. It is a discrete distribution

iii. The variance is equal to its mean.

(A) i & ii
(B) i & iii
(C) ii & iii
(D) All
(E) None 《110 成大統研》
21. North Face Insurance writes weekend trip insurance at a very nominal charge. Records show that
the probability that a motorist will have an accident during the weekend and file a claim is 0.001.
Suppose the wrote 200 policies for the coming weekend, what is the probability that exactly one
claim will be filed?
(A) 0.0001
(B) 0.0164
(C) 0.1638
NA
(D) 0.8187 《104 政大財管》
22. An advertising company has 12 male and 8 female employees. The company needs to select a
team of 5 members to work on a commercial for the new hybrid car. The probability that exactly
3 male employees are selected out of 5 members is approximately:
(A) 0.4174

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 (B) 0.2653
(C) 0.3004
(D) 0.3973 《113 北科工管》
23. A stock analyst was provided with a list of 25 stocks. He was expected to pick 3 stocks from the
list whose prices are expected to rise by more than 20% after 30 days. In reality, the prices of only
5 stocks would rise by more than 20% after 30 days. If he randomly selected 3 stocks from the
list, he would use what type of probability distribution to compute the probability that all of the
chosen stocks would appreciate more than 20% after 30 days?
(A) binomial distribution
(B) hypergeometric distribution
(C) Poisson distribution
(D) none of the above 《111 師大全營》
24. David conducted an experiment to practice what he has learned in class. He randomly selected
colored chips out of an urn, in which there are 20 chips, 12 of them are red and others are blue.
At first he selected 10 chips with replacement, and then did the same selection again but with-
out replacement. Let X and Y be the number of blue chips of the first and second selection,
respectively. Which of the following statements is(are) correct?

i. E ˆ X  E ˆY 

ii. Both of the ranges of X and Y are 0, 1, 2, . . . , 9, 10.

iii. Var ˆ X  A Var ˆY 

(A) i & ii
(B) i & iii
(C) ii & iii
(D) All
(E) None 《110 成大統研》
25. 置有黑球 5 個、白球 4 個, 自其中連續抽取 4 球, 採抽後不放回, 令 X 表抽出黑球的個數, 試求 X
的機率函數 P ˆ3 B X B 5 = ?
(A) 0.124
(B) 0.231
(C) 0.357
(D) 0.526 《110 成大財金》
26. The probability distribution of the discrete random variable x is pˆx  kr x ; 0 @ r @ 1. Find the
appropriate value for k if x 0, 1, . . .

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 (A) k 1r
(B) k r1
1
(C) k 1r
1
(D) k r 1 《113 成大企研》
27. Suppose you are playing a game and you have 0.2 chance of winning. Suppose you decide to play
repeatedly until you win. The games are independent. What is the probability that you win on
the first or second try?
(A) 0.2  0.8 0.16.
(B) 0.2  0.2 0.04.
(C) 0.2  ˆ0.2  0.8 0.36.
(D) 0.2. 《111 政大國貿》
28. Which of the following statements is true?
(A) Poisson (λ), λ A 0, can be approximated by Binomial ˆn, λ~n when n is large enough.
(B) The variance of a Poisson(λ) random variable is 2λ.
(C) The hypergeometric distribution describes the probability of a successes in n draws with
replacement, where each draw is either a success or a failure.
(D) None of the above. 《105 政大財管》
29. The probability that a particular brand of smoke alarm will malfunction in the presence of smoke
is 0.002. A batch of 100,000 such alarms was produced by independent production lines. Which
of the following distributions would you use to figure out the probability that at most 5,000 of
them will malfunction in case of a fire?
(A) Hypergeometric distribution
(B) Binomial distribution
(C) Poisson distribution
(D) Exponential distribution 《105 交大科管》
30. Let X have a Poisson distribution with λ 1 and Y have a Bernoulli distribution with p 0.5.
Let X and Y be independent. Then which of the following is false?
(A) E ˆ X  Y  0.5
(B) E ˆ2X  2Y  4 5
(C) Var ˆ X  Y  0.75
(D) Var ˆ X  Y  1.25
(E) Var ˆ2X  2Y  4 5 《105 交大經管》

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Part II 多選題: 請選出至少一個正確答案

31. Assume 30% of emails that are received are tracked using software that can tell the email sender
when, where, and on what type of device the email was opened. Suppose we randomly select 8
received emails. Which of the following is/are correct?
(A) The expected number of these emails that are tracked is 2.4;
(B) The variance of these emails that are tracked is 1.68;
(C) The probability that exactly 3 mails are tracked is 0.2541;
(D) The probability that less than 3 emails are tracked is 0.8059;
(E) None of the above. 《112 中山企研》
32. Cars arrive at a car wash service randomly and independently. The probability of an arrival is the
same for any interval of equal length. The mean arrival rate is 4 cars per 10 minutes. Which of
the following is/are correct?
(A) The probability that less than 2 cars will arrive during any given 10 minutes of operation is
0.2381;
(B) The probability that 5 or more cars will arrive during any given 10 minutes of operation is
0.7815;
(C) The probability that more than 6 cars will arrive during any given 10 minutes of operation
is 0.1107;
(D) The probability that exact 7 cars will arrive during any given 10 minutes of operation is
about 0.0596;
(E) The standard deviation of the arrival rate per 10 minutes is 2. 《113 中山企研》

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