TEACHING UNIT N°01

BASIC HAIRSTYLES

ACTIVITY N° 01
EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS FOR HAIRSTYLING

THE HAIRSTYLE
The hairstyle is the result of manipulations performed on the
model's hair using different techniques.
MAIN PARTS OF A HAIRSTYLE:
1-Morphological study.-It deals with the different types of face
2-Trichological study.-The study of the hair strand is carried out.
3-Anthropological study.-Study the model's data (age, height, etc.
4-Equipment and materials.-These are the factors that intervene in
a hairstyle
TECHNIQUES FOR PUTTING YOUR HAIRSTYLE TOGETHER:
1-Assembled with rollers
2-Assembled with curlers
3-Armoured at the base of oesites
4-Building a waterfall base
5-Assembling a wave base by hand
6Assembling a hand-held DRYER base (brush or brushing)
7-Braids
HAIR DRYING CONTROL TABLE
To control the drying time, the humidity of the hair varies according
to its thickness.
APPROXIMATE TIME FOR DRYING HAIR OR HAIR STRAND
1-SHORT HAIR- 20 minutes is 55 degrees
2-MEDIUM HAIR-30 minutes 55 degrees
3-LONG HAIR 45 minutes is 75 degrees
TECHNIQUE TO ACHIEVE A HAIRSTYLE
 TECHNIQUE TO ACHIEVE A GOOD FINISH
1.-Wash your hair before styling it.
2-Suggest to the model that her hairstyle will be according to her
face shape
3-Create the hairstyle according to the occasion.
4-Observe the height, build, age of the model.
-

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS FOR HAIRSTYLING

 Brush.

 Fine-toothed comb.

 Large and small hair ties.

 Small and medium elastic bands.

 Hair clips.

 Combing needle (this is optional).

 Dryer

 Pincers

 Straightening iron

 Lacquer

 Curlers

 Curlers

How to use them

Brush
The brush is basically used to detangle the hair and add a little
more shine. It is very important to do this before starting any
hairstyle, as it is very uncomfortable to have tangles. You waste time,
your daughter will complain about the pulling and it will slow down
the execution of the hairstyle.
Fine tooth comb
It is very useful and essential for me. You will use it to make
sections of hair and make the divisions look straight. It will also help
you when making root braids, using it when feeding the braid.

Hair ties
It is advisable to have at least two sizes of hair ties: large and
slightly smaller. You will use the first one for the main ponytails, and
the second ones for those that are smaller and do not require a lot of
hair. Or also for girls who have very fine hair.
 When purchasing them, make sure they have a good hold. To
check this, I enlarge the hair tie and check that it costs a little (not too
much) and that it easily returns to its initial size.

There are many hair ties that are only good for one use, as they do
not regain their shape and remain stretched out. On other occasions,
as they do not have much elasticity, they do not allow you to make all
the necessary turns to keep the ponytail secure.

Elastic bands
In this case too it is advisable to have two sizes.

The ones you will use the most are the small ones. These are
recommended for:

 The ends of the braids.

 In hairstyles that consist of making several ponytails or braids.

 When you want to decorate your ponytail with your own hair.

Hair clips
It is very important to have two or three clips, since in some
hairstyles, you will need to separate a section of hair to make the
hairstyle easier.
Topsy Tail or Combing Needle
This tool is not essential but if you have it, much better. It is often
used when you want to turn a ponytail around itself. And for slightly
more complicated hairstyles where you have to intertwine or weave
the hair.
 ACTIVITY N°02
BRUSHING BRUSHING

Brushing is a technical artistic process whose function is

to shape the hair using implements such as brushes
and fixers and responding to the client's desire and the
stylist's knowledge.
1. Lotion for straightening-smoothing

It is a product that is used on excessively frizzy

hair by applying a small portion to damp hair. This
product should be applied from mid-lengths to
ends and in minimal amounts at the roots.

2. Strong hairspray

Ideal fixing product for more fixed and long-lasting

brushing. It is applied on dry hair.

3. Soft lacquer

Ideal fixing product for natural and moving

brushing. It is applied on dry hair.

4. Mold

It is a technique to create waves with instruments

such as brushes, flat irons, electric tongs, curlers,
etc.

5. Set

It is the application of hairspray or fixing product

after brushing.

6. Card

It is a technique that consists of tangling an area of

the hair to support a voluminous hairstyle. It is
used on short hair, when there is little hair or on
very fine hair.

7. Volume line

It refers to the brushing or blower style where the

finish is with volume.

8. Up Lines

It refers to the brushing style with elevations at the

tips, also called shot tips.

9. Flat line
 It refers to the style of brushing that is completely
smooth and without volume.

10. Tick

It is an effect that we give when brushing, where

we create waves using heat and brushes.

11. Conditioner

It is a product that we apply to the hair to prepare

it, to improve its appearance and to prolong the
duration of brushing. This is chosen according to
the type of hair.

12. Blockages

These are the divisions that are made before

starting the brushing, these will be done according
to the cut and style that we are going to work on.

13. Mousse

It is a hair conditioning foam used for volume

effects and to make hairstyles last longer.

14. Fixing Lotion

It is a conditioning product that allows a hairstyle

to last and is applied to damp hair.

15. Fixing Creams

It is a product that allows the setting of a hairstyle,

helping with frizz and providing shine.

16. Modeling Wax

It is a product used to finish and polish a hairstyle.

17. Gel

It is a product used to set and polish a hairstyle, for

modern and static finishes. It can be applied to wet
and dry hair.

18. Silicone
 It is a product used to condition, prepare and finish
a hairstyle. Can be used on wet or dry hair.

19. Gloss Spray

This product is used to give shine to hair after

hairspray, taking into account that the hair should
not be touched after application.
Conditioners according to hair type

Curly Hair Smoothing lotion and keratin-based treatments

Short straight hair Molding foam

Frizzy and dry hair Smoothing lotion, silicone and treatment

Straight and thick hair Foam on the tips if any effect is to be given

Types of brushing

1. Brushing without volume and with smooth

tips

To perform this brushing, we must brush the hair

at an angle of 30° to 40°, sliding the brush towards
the ends and without turning it. Finally, the flat iron
is used to give a shiny finish and seal the cuticle.

2. Brushing with volume

This brushing is done at 90°, giving heat to the

root from below and rotating the brush. If you
require an effect on the tips, brush the roots and
mid-lengths first and leave the tips slightly damp.
After this, we work only on the tips, marking with
the brush and shaping upwards or downwards,
according to the client's desire. You can also
enhance the spiky effect by holding the tips or
twisting them and securing them with hairpins and
applying hairspray or tousling gel. The sides and
front are brushed towards the face with a 90° -
180° lift. If there is little hair, you can backcomb it
or use styling foam. Styling foam is used primarily
at the roots to give this volumized brushed effect.
3. Short hair

This brushing is done by rotating the brush and

using the hairdryer a little more, without burning
the scalp. If you want to achieve volume, brush
with a 90° elevation, with medium temperature
and 90% humidity. If you do not want volume, you
should stick the brush without lifting it, place the
nozzle on its side and stretch it lengthwise. The
brush should not be raised on the sides. To finish,
we can spray the skeleton brush with a little
hairspray and run it through the hair while styling
it.

4. Brushing on curly hair

This hair should be brushed with 90% humidity and

a conditioning product, starting with the front and
bangs (with medium temperature) and you can
work with a small thermal brush, in such a way
that we smooth in the opposite direction to the hair
growth. We can work the rest of the hair with a
mixed bristle brush.
 ACTIVITY N° 02
BRUSHING BRUSHING
 What is blow-drying?
Blow-drying is a technique used to give hair a particular shape by
using a hairdryer.

How do you blow dry your hair?

Brushing step by step:
1. Prepare the hair. The key is that the hair is damp, but not wet. The
goal is that when we finish, the hair is dry, as this will have set the
cuticle in the shape we want.
2. Utensils. We will need a hair dryer and a brush. There is no one-size-
fits-all rule, but generally speaking, the straighter your hair is, the less
space there is between the bristles.
3. The division of the hair. As is usual in this type of maneuvers, the
hair must be divided into strands. Not only will this make our job
easier, but we will also avoid insisting with the hairdryer in areas that
we have already dried.
4. The posture. If you have long hair, the trick of doing the whole
process with your head tilted will help you prolong the length of your
hair, while also getting a few extra points of straightening. Thank
gravity for this detail.
5. The brushing itself. It's simple: comb your hair from roots to ends
towards the floor while pointing the hairdryer at the area you are
styling. The dryer has to be pointing towards the floor as well. Be
careful with your hand. The key to not burning yourself is to hold the
hairdryer close to the comb, so that the entire jet of air hits your hair
directly. Don't use the hairdryer at its highest setting, as at that
distance you could literally burn your hair.
6. The fixed one. When you're done, use the dryer again but now on
cold air. This will close the cuticle and set the shape of the hair.
 PRACTICE SHEET|02

BRUSHING BRUSHING

MATERIALS:
 -Comb with tail and wide comb
-Bras
-Protective cream
-Towel
-Dryer
-Brush

PROCEDURE
STEP 1 – Separate the hair into sections

Separate your hair into different sections so you can work with it comfortably.
It is advisable to do it in five parts: one at the front, two at the top and two at
the back, although everything will depend on the amount of hair we are
working with.

To make this task easier, it is recommended that you use other tools that
allow you to hold or maintain the hair in the designated area, such as clips or
hairpins.

STEP 2 – Start brushing from the inner part of the hair

Next, starting from the lower back area of the hair, we will work each strand
with the thermal brush, creating a wave with the help of the hairdryer. It is
important to use the dryer at a controlled distance (between 5 and 10 cm).
Also at medium temperature, to avoid damaging the hair. The movement with
the brush should start from the roots to the tips with a rotation of the wrist
that allows for shaping. Always start from the inner part of the hair and work
with thin strands for greater ease.

STEP 3 – Follow the natural structure of your hair

We continue performing the rotating movement from roots to ends with the
professional thermal brush on the rest of the strands, until reaching the fringe
area. Remember to always follow the line marked by the natural part created
in your hair so that it goes in that direction.

STEP 4 – Apply cold air to seal the wave

Finally, to make your hairstyle last as long as possible, seal the waves with a
hairdryer and cold air. An extra tip is to spray a little hairspray on a comb and
run it through your hair after blow-drying. You will have perfect hair all day
long.
 ACTIVITY N°03
HAIR STRAIGHTENING

MATERIALS:
-Comb with tail

-Hair straightener

-hair clips

-Thermo protective product

-Wide comb

-Towel

PROCEDURE

Step 1: Wash your hair properly: It is essential that before anything

else, you wash your hair properly, so that it looks natural and healthy
without being greasy or having a bad appearance.
Step 2: Before you start straightening your hair, dry and untangle it
completely You may not know this, but it is not recommended at all to
use this appliance while your hair is still wet. For this reason, it is
recommended to dry it naturally or with the help of a hairdryer. In
addition, after you have finished, untangle each strand of hair so that
there are no inconveniences.

Step 3: Turn on the straightener and let it reach the set temperature:
some straighteners reach the indicated heat level in approximately 20
seconds, others take a little longer, it's a matter of waiting as long as
you think is appropriate to start.
Step 4: Proceed to divide the hair into sections neatly: to ensure an
effective procedure, it is recommended that you separate it into strands
and start from the bottom (neck) to the top (head).

Step 5: Start the process by straightening from root to tip: finally, pass
the straightener over each piece of hair once or twice until it is
completely straight.
Note: When you finish, you can apply a little hairspray to any hair that
has gotten out of control. Remember that a couple of drops will be
enough to keep it from looking too greasy.

ACTIVITY N° 04
HAIRSTYLING WITH ROLLERS OR CURLING IRON

MATERIALS
-Curls or curlers
-Comb with tail
-Hair clips
-Tail comb
-Clip
PROCEDURE
1.- Divide the hair into four sections from the front to the nape of
the neck and from ear to ear.
2.- Comb and take a lock of hair, place the curling iron vertically and
wrap the lock around the entire curling iron, wait a few seconds,
remove the curling iron and without letting go of the hair, place a
clip.
3.-Repeat the process with each strand until you have finished with
all your hair.
4. Finally, apply a little hairspray and that's it. Wait a few minutes
and remove the clips.
 TEACHING UNIT N°02

ACTIVITY N°01
EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS FOR HAIRSTYLES BASED ON BUNS
 High party bun with braided edge

MATERIALS
- Ponytail or garter
-Wide comb
-Lacquer
-Invisibles
-Comb with tail
-Gel or mousse
-Lacquer

PROCEDURES

Brush your hair and put it into a ponytail at the crown of your
head. It doesn't matter if it looks perfect, since it is a relaxed
hairstyle.

2. Add a little gel or mousse to add texture.

3. Wrap your hair around the elastic without piling it up. The
first few turns should be the tightest and most comfortable
around the elastic band, while the following turns can be looser.

4. Once you have all of your hair twisted, tuck the end of your
hair under the first layer and secure with bobby pins, pushing in
and down the bun with the opening facing your scalp. Use
enough bobby pins to secure the entire bun, and let out a few
strands for an extra messy look.

5. Finish with a little setting spray.

 ACTIVITY N°02
BUN-BASED HAIRSTYLE FOR GIRLS

WHAT IS A BOW?
It is a feminine hairstyle characterized by the formation of a
compressed mass of hair on the head.
Bun hairstyles offer an infinite number of variations that you can adapt to
any occasion and always be in fashion.
Bows are a timeless classic that never go out of style, adding
sophistication and elegance.
 PRACTICE SHEET No. 02
PARTY BOW

MATERIALS
-Donuts
-wide comb
-Invisibles
-Big League
-Lacquer
-musse
 PROCEDURE
1. Start by washing your hair. First of all, we recommend doing this hairstyle with
freshly washed hair. ...
2. Dry your hair straight and make a high ponytail. ...
3. Place the donut...
4. Create the bun, pass the hair through the donut, cover it with the hair and
secure it with a rubber band.
5. With the remaining hair, divide it into two ponytails and roll it around the
elastic band as if covering the elastic band.

ACTIVITY N°03
PROMOTION HAIRSTYLE

MATERIALS

-Invisibles
-League
-Comb
-Lacquer
-Musse

PROCEDURE

1. Brush your hair well.

2. Gather the hair at the back into a ponytail with a small elastic band of
the same color as your hair.

3. Take the hair from the ponytail and we are going to divide it into
strands. Take a section of hair, fold it into a loop and secure it in the
center of your head with bun pins, leaving the tip sticking out. Shape the
ends into curls using a comb and hairspray.

To give volume to the crown, you can tease your hair with a toothed
comb. For a more casual style you can leave a couple of loose strands on
the sides of the face.

ACTIVITY N° 04

BRIDAL HAIRSTYLE

MATERIALS
-League
-Invisible
-Comb
-Stuffed
PROCEDURE
1-Comb your hair well then make a high ponytail on your head and secure it with a
League or ponytail.
2- Put the tail forward to place the filling underneath, once
Once the filling is in place, we are going to hide it with the hair.
Fasten with invisible pins and start making the updo.
3-We finish by applying hairspray to the bun.

ACTIVITY N° 05
BUN HAIRSTYLE WITH CIRCLIPS

MATERIALS
-Invisibles
-Big leagues
-Comb
-Curls or iron
-Lacquer
-Hair accessories
-Thermo protector

Step 1: Brush all your hair and run the curling iron through all your hair making curls and
gather it into a high ponytail, as high as you want the bun to be.

Step 2: Take it from side to side, hold it with a rubber band

Squeeze the tail tightly. Remember that this will have to remain firm.

Step 3: Make another tail below the previous one.

Step 4: Now what we have to do is take a part of the ponytail, comb it and put it into a loop
and secure it with the hairpins, leaving the ends loose.

Step 5: Again we make another loop with another strand of the same tail and hold the loop
leaving the strands with the loose ends and putting the remaining strand upwards and
holding it over the loop and adjusting it.

Step 6: Then we take a lock of hair from the bottom ponytail and lift it upwards and secure
it with the hairpins.

STEP 7: Once finished, if you wish, place decorations.

***
 ACTIVITY N°06
ITALIAN BOW HAIRSTYLE

What you need

 Hairpins

 Comb

 Lacquer
Steps to make an Italian bun

1. First, wash your hair with a nourishing shampoo,

although if your hair is not very dirty you can use a dry
shampoo on your entire hair.
2. Dry and straighten your hair using a wide brush.
This will give you a soft, smooth finish that will come in
handy for creating an Italian bun.
3. We are going to take the hair as if we were going
to make a high ponytail and we will apply a little
hairspray to hold it.
4. We twist the hair by putting our index finger in it
and holding it with bun clips, we twist the hair
that remains here and put other hairpins on both
sides and we play with the hair that remains,
opening it to give it a natural and more fun look
and so that it doesn't look too tight.

5. At the back you can add the finishing touch with

some decoration, such as a flower, a brooch... or
simply leave it natural, all clear.