PROFESSIONA 3

rd
SEMESTE

L BUSINESS
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SKILLS
 UNIT :2

E-LEARNING
1. Introduction to e-learning.

2. The benefits & drawbacks.

3. Online education.
TOPICS

4. Digital age learners.

5. E-books & online libraries.

6. MOOCs

7. E-learning in India.
1. Introduction to E-learning
Meaning of E-learning
★ It also known as distance learning/online learning.

★ It simply means the process of learning through an electronic device.

★ It is a computer based educational tool.

★ It enables individuals to learn anywhere & at any time.

★ Today e-learning is mostly delivered through the internet.

★ E-learning offers the ability to share material in all kinds of formats such as
videos,slideshows,word documents & PDFs.

Definition of E-learning
It may be defined as the learning system based on formalised teaching but with the help of
electronic resources,may be in/out of the classroom.
 Advantages of E-learning
1. Flexible.
2. Anonymity
3. Convenience
4. Innovative teaching.
5. Enhanced learning.
6. Cost effective.
7. Improved administration.
8. Minimise physical resources.
9. Easy access to resources.
10. Multimedia based resources.
Disadvantages of E-learning
1. Isolation.
2. Less effective.
3. Lack of interaction.
4. Privacy & plagiarism.
5. Health related concerns.
6. Less role for socialisation.
7. Not suitable for all disciplines.
8. Greater chance for malpractices.
 Principles of Successful E-Learning
1. Match to the curriculum
a. Pedagogy should match & be aligned with suitable curriculum.
b. That is clear objectives,content relevance,student activity & nature of the assessment.
2. Inclusion
a. Pedagogy should include practice seen regarding different types.
b. So physical disabilities can be specifically supported by e-learning.
3. Learner engagement
Learner should be engaged & motivated by pedagogy.
4. Innovative approaches
a. Innovative approaches should be used for e-learning activities.
b. It should adopt both technological & non-technological approach.
5. Effective learning
a. This can be demonstrated through many ways.
b. By using various approaches in the learning platform to permit a student to choose what suits him.
6. Formative assessment
Pedagogy should ensure formative assessment.
7. Summative assessment
a. It must be valid & reliable & handle various achievement levels.
b. It should also be free from learner’s adverse emotional impact.
8. Coherence,Consistency & Transparency
a. Student activity & assessment should match each other.
9. Ease of use
a. It should ensure ease of use & transparency.
10. Cost-effectiveness.
a. Technology solutions should be justifiable/affordable with sustainable cost.
 Online Education
● According to Carliner the online education can be defined as “educational material that is presented via
a computer.
● It is a flexible instructional delivery system.
● It includes any kind of learning that take place via the internet.
● It gives educators an opportunity to reach students who may not be able to register in a
traditional classroom course.
● With the online education students can attend anywhere with internet access into a classroom.
● It can include audio,video,text,animations,virtual training environments & live chats with professors.

Features of Online Education

1. Active

2. Student centered

3. Interactive & collaborative

4. Focus has shifted from teaching to learning.

5. Depending upon the development of learning environments.

 Role of the Faculty Member in Online Learning
1. Assessment

Teachers are also responsible for making assessment by using appropriate assessment methods.

2. Creation & selection

The faculty member is responsible for creating the educational activities.

3. Organisation & structure

They have to decide what competencies/knowledge the learner will develop & why are they important.

4. Moderation & facilitation

He acting as the advisor,facilitating interaction & providing individualized support.

5. Supporting learning strategies

Learning strategies are best for that user & can expand beyond if the learner has more interest.

6. Orientation of collaborative learning

Online faculty are charged with supporting & encouraging collaboration among students & between
faculty & student.
 Digital Age Learner
➔ Digital learning is any type of learning that is accompanied by technology/by instructional practice.
➔ Digital learners are also known as the Net generation/Technology savvy students.
➔ Digital age learners must need digital literacy & digital fluency.
➔ Literacy in the past was purely text based.
➔ Over time text became complemented by images & later by screens.
➔ Individuals must adapt their skills to remain relevant in the digital age.
➔ They must also be able to express their ideas effectively through digital media.
Characteristics of Digital Learners
1. Busy:-
The time available for learning is limited.So digital learners want courses to be split up into manageable
size.
2. Impatient:-
Digital learners will not tolerate complexity.They want learning with minimum botheration & a
system that easily works.
3. Impartial:-
Often digital learners don’t care how content is delivered.They want the flexibility to learn when it
is convenient to them using any devices at their comfort.
4. Social:-
Both online & offline digital learners are social creatures.They know the power of social media word-of
mouth.
5. Technical:-
Digital learners are also technical in the sense that they are well versed in the internet & use of
technology in learning.
 Audio in E-learning
★ Audio is an electrical/other representation of sound.
★ Latest technologies have allowed teachers to stream audio over the internet.
★ Audio is definitely powerful & it can do several things in e-learning.
★ It includes narration,voice lip-synchs to animation/video,sound effects & music.
★ In learning,narration is the most important of these.

Components of Learning Through Audio

❏ Narration:-
a. Sometimes the written text comes out just like someone reading a report.
b. So narration needs a good voice over artist who can deliver the correct accent at the right pace.
❏ Spoken word:-
a. Learning can also benefit in effectiveness from the voices of experts such as academics,consultants/senior
members.
b. So the learners actually learn more with the feel that learning being delivered by their respectful/expertise
person.
❏ Feedback:-
a. Audio feedback can be quite powerful psychologically.
b. Audio here adds the human touch & can be used to reinforce correct answers.
❏ Sound effects:-
a. It have the role of increasing the effect of visuals.
b. Sound effects are much useful in games & entertainment but in e-learning it will distract the learners.
❏ Music:-
a. Its primary function is to maintain mood.
b. It can set the emotional tone for a program.
 How to Use Audio in E-learning
1. Avoid text-speech redundancies

2. Use audio with visuals for more complex subject matter

3. Use high quality audio

4. Assess learner's knowledge through creating an audio presentation

5. Provide audio instructions for more complicated assignments

6. Allow learners to control the audio playback & volume

7. Choose audio with the right tone & pace

8. Enhance the experience with suitable background music

9. Use voice over actors to make course professional & personal

10. Create fun & creativity with customized song

 E-Books
● It is the short form of Electronic Book.
● It is the electronic version of traditional print book.
● It can be read by using a personal computer/by using an e-book reader.
● An e-book reader can be a software application for use on a computer such as Microsoft’s free Reader
application.
● The book can be read on the computer,e-reader,smartphone & tablet.
● It can be published in different file formats such as Text format,PDF,Image files etc.

Features of E-Books Limitations of E-Books

1. Tangibility
1. Not convenient to read
2. Browsability/
2. Prefer printed text
Searchability
3. Piracy
3. Referenceability
4. Costly
4. Low update cost
5. Not compatible with the computer
5. Multimedia format
6. Risky
6. Less space needed
7. Not all book formats are compatible
7. Print on demand with the reader.
8. Interactivity 8. Causes to eyestrain
9. Convenience 9. Don’t have defined life
10. No shipping cost 10. Can be hacked
11. Environmentally
friendly
 Videos in E-learning
➢ Video is an electronic medium for the recording,copying & broadcasting of moving visual images.

➢ This method is used by any visual learners/students who learn best by seeing the
material rather than hearing/reading about it.
➢ Teachers can access video clips through the internet instead of relying on DVDs.

➢ Websites like YouTube are used by many teachers.

Benefits of Using Videos in E-learning
1. Concise
2. Good rapport
3. More engaging
4. Easy retention
5. Short file sizes
6. Easy understanding
7. Greater attention
8. Encourage discussions
9. Better learning experience
10. Use videos for scenarios & simulations
 E-Content
● It is termed as electronic content.
● It includes text,image,graphics,animations,audio & video.
● It also known as digital content.
● A digital text & images designed for display on web pages which is suitable for particular audience
is called digital content.
● It includes all kinds of content created & delivered through various electronic media of form.

Characteristics of E-Content Types of E-Content

1. Technologically 1. Assembled E-content
friendly a. It constitutes compiled & assembled from
2. Learner friendly several resources & books.
3. Learner centric b. Here the authors will be main content providers.
c. Content assembled will be given the credit as
4. Teachers friendly compiled by & editor
5. Hyper linking
2. Created E-content
6. Non-linearity a. Content developed by the author based on
7. Use of multimedia various sources,as well as his own work.
8. Data density b. Here the authorship will be of the content creator.
9. Searching c. The developer has to provide the written
material in standard module format.
 Forms of E-content
1. Text
a. It is most important element of any e-content.
b. Personal computers can be used to create text files,with software like WordPad & MS Word.
2. Pictures
a. The picture enhance the quality & attraction of e-content.
b. Pictures are stored in various formats such as .bmp .gif .jpg .png.
3. Sound
a. Many e-content also includes sound for better presentation.
b. There are various formats of audio that can be used a part of e-content .wav .au .mp3 .mid.
4. Video
a. It is the most exciting medium in the e-content.
b. Digital video also comes in many formats: .avi .mov .mpg .rm .wmv .flv . mp4.
5. Animations
a. Animations has become a regular part of all e-content.
b. 2D & 3D animations are powerful communications & it’s main formats are:.flc .swf .gif
6. Simulation
a. This real-time interactive e-content is similar to a virtual lab.
b. Teaching science subjects like Mathematics,Physics & Chemistry through simulation has
made learning more interesting,it’s formats are: .swf .jar
7. Presentations
a. It have become a standard tool & considered as a good teaching/learning aid.
b. It’s most popular format is PowerPoint from Microsoft.
 Phases of E-Content Development
1. Analysis phase
a. This step is used to identify the areas in our current situation.
b. Views of subject experts,target audiences,objectives & its goals are considered.
2. Design phase
a. It includes the complete design of the learning solution.
b. It helps to plan of the e-content preparation.
3. Development phase
a. It concerns the actual production of the e-content design.
b. It helps to create the e-content by mixing of texts,audio,video,animations,references etc.
4. Testing phase
a. It helps to administer the e content in the actual educational field.
b. In which we must test the mistakes,content errors,clarity of pictures etc.
5. Implementation phase
a. It helps to administer the e-content to the target audience.
b. This phase explains how to install,how to use it & their difficulties.
6. Evaluation phase
a. It helps to satisfy the e-content & its effectiveness.
b. This phase considers feedback from both learners & instructors.
 Online Libraries
➔ It is a type of information retrieval system.
➔ It is also known as Digital Libraries/Electronic Libraries/Virtual Libraries/Libraries without walls/Hybrid
Libraries.
➔ It provides free copies of books,journals etc.available to the users.
➔ Which have no copyright digital format & accessible by computers.

Characteristics of Online Libraries

Limitations of Online
Less cost
Linking Libraries
Less space
Multiple accesses 1. Costly
Structured approach
Information retrieval 2. Need trained manpower
No physical boundaries
Collection of technologies 3. Technology obsolescence
Round the clock availability
Searching & distributing materials 4. Need high storage capacity

5. Need user education training

6. Dominance of data creators & publishers

 MOOC (Massive Open Online Course)
➔ It is one of the emerging technologies in the field of education.
➔ It is evolving to new pedagogy to benefit teachers & students.
➔ It is a model for delivering learning content online to any person who wants to take a
course,with no prescribed attendance.
➔ MOOCs are courses delivered online & accessible to all for free.
➔ It typically comprise video lessons,readings,assessments & discussions.
➔ These are one of the most prominent trends in higher education in recent years.
➔ These are flexible & open form of self directed,online learning designed for mass participation.
➔ The major English medium MOOC platform providers are Coursera,edX,Canvas & FutureLearn.

Features of MOOC
1. Customized learning experience
2. Educator involvement
3. Re-watchable
4. Engagement
5. Assessable
6. Scale
Difference Between Formal Online Courses & MOOCs

Basis Online Courses MOOC

s
1.Cost to user Fees No fees

2.Lecturer’s role Role of responsibility Flexible role

3.Copyright Have largely May/may not have

4.Entrance Yes No
requirements
5.Providers Distance education Research universities
& private companies

6.Analytics No Yes

7.Certification Conventional Non-conventional

8.Quality Quality assured Non-formal offerings

 Major Technologies Used in E-Learning

1. Mobile learning
a. It is the ability of an individual to obtain / provide educational content on personal pocket devices.
b. These devices are PDAs,Smartphones & Mobile phones,with internet connection.
2. Micro learning
a. It involves learning in smaller steps.
b. It is based on short term lessons,projects/course work that is designed to provide the student
with 'bits' of information.
3. Internet of things
a. It refers to ever growing network of physical things/objects around us.
b. Which hold IP address for internet connectivity & the communication that occurs between these
connected objects.
4. Cloud based e-learning
a. It is creating an impact in the field of education & business.
b. These e-learning systems are hosted on the internet & can be easily accessed by logging into a
service provider's site.
5. Gamification
a. It is the use of gaming technology to solve problems outside the games sector.
b. This type of e-learning is done through games & it really depends on the program & the audience
desires.
 Major Technologies Used in E-Learning

6. Adaptive E-Learning
a. It uses computers as interactive teaching devices.
b. It arrange the allocation of human & mediated resources according to the unique learning needs of each
learner.
7. Augmented reality
a. It is also called mediated reality.
b. This technology needs device,internet & software of augmented reality.
8. Video E-Learning
(Already discussed above)
9. Beacon E-Learning
a. It is a wireless devices that transmit signals to other nearby devices via bluetooth connections.
b. This is safe & secure,only accessible through paired applications & easy to download & use.
10. Artificial Intelligence
a. It is an intelligent software which is designed to take some intelligent actions reading entire
environment around it.
b. It helps the learner to take very wise decisions & quality resource.
 Different Approaches For E-Learning Delivery
1. Synchronous
a. It occurs in real-time,with all participants interacting at the same time.
b. It is an effective tool for ensuring that all learners are familiarized with the learning topics.
c. A face to face discussion like Skype is an example of synchronous communication.
d. The intensity of interaction changes as the study progresses.
2. Asynchronous
a. It is a student-centered teaching method.
b. It uses online learning resources to facilitate information sharing outside the network of people.
c. It uses technology such as e-mail,blogs,wikis & discussion boards etc.
d. It does not have a face to face interaction & the information is generally available at any time to course
participants.
3. Linear learning
a. It refers to self study which is Computer Based Training (CBT).
b. It is delivered on computer/tablet/laptop/smartphone.
c. It offer user friendly solutions for satisfying continuing education requirements.
d. It is conceptually similar to Web Based Training (WBT).
4. Collaborative learning
a. It is an e-learning approach where students are able to socially interact with other students instructors.
b. In which students are responsible for one another’s actions & tasks which encourages teamwork as well.
c. It is a concept similar to e-learning & direct transfer method in CBT.
d. It allows students & teachers to work collaboratively,discuss ideas & promote information.
The End