International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 05 | Aug-2015 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Seismic analysis of RC regular and irregular frame structures
Arvindreddy1, R.J.Fernandes2
1 Final year student (M.tech-CAD structures), Civil Engineering Department, SDM college of engineering and
Technology Dharwad 580002, Karnataka, India
2 Asst. Professor, Civil engineering Department, SDM College of engineering and technology, Dharwad 580002,
Karnataka, India
---------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------
Abstract - Reinforced concrete multi storey buildings mass, re-entrant corner, and torsion irregularity. In the
are subjected to most dangerous earthquakes. It was multistory buildings damages due to earthquake are
found that main reason for failure of RC building is usually at the weak points. This weakness is due to
irregularity in its plan dimension and its lateral force strength, variation in stiffness etc. So if a structure can
resisting system. In this paper an analytical study is perform well in earthquake means it should possess
made to find response of different regular and adequate strength, stiffness, ductility and simple
irregular structures located in severe zone V. Analysis configuration. Therefore these types of structures should
has been made by taking 15 storey building by static be well designed under earthquake loading accounting the
and dynamic methods using ETABS 2013 and IS code specified seismic design philosophies so that they can
1893-2002 (part1). Linear Equivalent Static analysis is sustain moderate to strong earthquakes. The structures
performed for regular buildings up to 90m height in are analyzed by using methods Equivalent static method
zone I and II, Dynamic Analysis should be performed for of analysis and Dynamic method of analysis. The dynamic
regular and irregular buildings in zone IV and V. analysis method can be performed by Time history
Dynamic Analysis can take the form of a dynamic Time method and Response spectrum method. And also
History Analysis or a linear Response Spectrum nonlinear static analysis i.e. pushover analysis is also
Analysis. Behavior of structures will be found by carried out.
comparing responses in the form of storey
displacement for regular and irregular structures. In this present work two types of structures considered
Different type of analysis methods such as equivalent are reinforced concrete regular and irregular multistory
static method and response spectrum method are buildings. Here 15 storey buildings are analyzed by above
adopted in order to study the storey displacement. methods by using IS 1893-2002 (part1).
Pushover curve is obtained, the main objective to
perform this analysis is to find displacement vs. base
shear graph and also time history analysis will be
carried out taking BHUJ earthquake. In this present
work two types of structures considered are reinforced
concrete regular and irregular 15 storey buildings and
are analyzed by static and dynamic methods. For time
history analysis past earthquake ground motion record
is taken to study response of all the structures.
Presently there are six models. One is of regular
structure and remaining are irregular structural
models. This paper shows that behavior irregular
structures as compared to regular structure
Fig -1: Mass irregularity Fig -2: Stiffness irregularity
Key Words: RC building, regular, irregular, equivalent
static, response spectrum, pushover, time history,
ETABS 2013, IS 1893-2002 and BHUJ earthquake etc…
1. INTRODUCTION
In actual practice, the structures will usually be built in
having one of the irregularities i.e. stiffness, diaphragm,
© 2015, IRJET ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal Page 44
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 05 | Aug-2015 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Fig -3: Torsion irregularity diagram shows the standard response spectrum for
medium soil type and that can be given in the form of time
period versus spectral acceleration coefficient (Sa/g).
Fig -4: Re-entrant corner irregularity
Fig -6: Response spectrum for medium soil type for 5%
damping
Fig -5: Diaphragm irregularity 1.3 Time history analysis
In this analysis dynamic response of the building will be
calculated at each time intervals. This analysis can be
2. METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE carried out by taking recorded ground motion data from
The seismic analysis should be carried out for the past earthquake database. This analysis overcomes all
buildings that have lack of resistance to earthquake forces. disadvantages of response spectrum analysis if there is no
Seismic analysis will consider dynamic effects hence the involvement of nonlinear behavior. Hence this method
exact analysis sometimes become complex. However for requires greater efforts in calculating response of
simple regular structures equivalent linear static analysis buildings in discrete time intervals. In this project work
is sufficient one. This type of analysis will be carried out BHUJ earthquake of magnitude 7.7 with ground
for regular and low rise buildings and this method will acceleration 0.106g is taken for the time history analysis.
give good results for this type of buildings. Dynamic
analysis will be carried out for the building as specified by 1.4 Pushover analysis
code IS 1893-2002 (part1). Dynamic analysis will be This is a performance based analysis and has aim in
carried out either by Response spectrum method or site controlling the structural damage. In this analysis several
specific Time history method. Following methods are built in hinge properties are included from FEMA 356 for
adopted to carry out the analysis procedure. concrete members. This analysis will be carried out by
using nonlinear software ETABS 2013. This software is
1.1 Equivalent static analysis able to predict the displacement level and corresponding
The seismic design of buildings fallows the dynamic base shear where first yield of structure occurs. The main
nature of the load. But equivalent static analysis would objective to perform this analysis is to find displacement
become sufficient for simpler, regular in plan vs. base shear graph.
configuration and it will give more efficient results. This
analysis will flow in a manner with the calculation of 3. DETAILS OF THE MODELS
design base shear and its distribution to all storey’s by The buildings that are considered for the analysis have
using the formula as given in code. been modeled in ETABS 2013 software. Here buildings
with regular and irregular configuration having 15 storey
1.2 Response spectrum method are modeled in ETABS 2013.
The representation of maximum response of idealized
single degree freedom system having certain period and For the present work, (G+15) storey building with storey
damping, during earthquake ground motions. This height 3 meter for all, with plan 16mx16m is taken.
analysis is carried out according to the code IS 1893-2002 Building has five bays of 4m in both X and Y directions. For
(part1). Here type of soil, seismic zone factor should be irregular buildings the modeling has been made according
entered from IS 1893-2002(part1). The standard response to IS code. Details of the Building are given in table-1
spectra for type of soil considered is applied to building below.
for the analysis in ETABS 2013 software. Following
© 2015, IRJET ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal Page 45
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 05 | Aug-2015 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
Table -1: Building Description
Reinforced
Particulars concrete
building
Plan dimension 16mX16m
Height of buildings 30m,45m
considered Fig -9: Model of 15 storey Re-entrant corner irregular
building
Grade of steel Fe415
Grade of concrete M25 Live load on all the structures is taken as 3 KN/M 2 on floor
levels and roof level 1.5 KN/M2. And slab thickness as
No. of storey 10,15 150mm. stiffness irregularity is created by rising bottom
Beam size 300mmX600mm storey height to 6m with respect to regular building. Mass
irregularity and torsion irregularity are created according
Column size 500mmX500mm to the procedure given in IS code.
Soil type Medium(II)
4. RESULTS
Seismic zone V 1) From equivalent static analysis storey displacement for
all structural models are obtained from ETABS 2013 and
the results are graphically presented below
All the six models are modeled in ETABS 2013. Irregular
models are created in ETABS 2013 software according to
the codal provisions.
3.1 Building models
Chart -1: Storey displacement due to EQ load for 15 storey
2) From response spectrum analysis storey displacement
Fig -7: Model of 15 storey regular building for all regular and five different irregular structures are
obtained.
Fig -8: Model of 15 storey Diaphragm irregular building Chart -2: Storey displacement for 15 storey building using
response spectrum method
© 2015, IRJET ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal Page 46
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 02 Issue: 05 | Aug-2015 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
3) From pushover analysis displacement vs. base shear
graph is obtained. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I am thankful to my guide, Asst. Professor, R.J.Fernandes in
Civil Engineering Department for his constant
encouragement and able guidance. Also I am thankful to
Mr. Anand, senior engineer at smart minds bengaluru, for
his huge guidance. Also I thank my parents, friends etc...
for their continuous support in making this work
complete.
REFERENCES
Chart -3: Displacement vs. base shear for 15 storey [1] Fabio Mazza, Modelling and nonlinear static analysis
building using pushover analysis of reinforced concrete framed buildings irregular in
plan , engineering structures -108,
3) Time history analysis has been carried out taking BHUJ www.elsevier.com
earthquake and behavior of all the structural models are [2] Jack P. Moehle (2002- , Seismic response of
recorded in the form of time period vs. base force. vertically irregular structures , ASCE
[3] Yong Lu, Comparative Study of Seismic Behavior of
Multistory Reinforced Concrete Framed Structures ,
ASCE
[4] Marina L. Moretti, Theocharis Papatheocharis and
Philip C. Perdikaris, Design of Reinforced Concrete
)nfilled Frames . 6 / ASCE ST . -5
41X.00010 42. © 2014 American Society of Civil
Engineers
[5] Eggert V. Valmundsson and James M. Nau, Seismic
response of building frames with vertical structural
Chart -4: Time period vs. base force for 15 storey building irregularities Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol.
using time history analysis 123, No. I, January, 1997. ©ASCE
[6] Bahador Bagheri, Ehsan Salimi Firoozabad, and
5. CONCLUSIONS Mohammadreza Yahyaei, Comparative Study of the
1) The results obtained from static analysis method show Static and Dynamic Analysis of Multi-Storey Irregular
lesser storey displacement values as compared to Building World Academy of Science, Engineering
response spectrum analysis. This variation may be due to and Technology Vol: 6 2012-11-27
nonlinear distribution of force. [7] IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002 Indian Standard Criteria
for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures, Part
1 General Provisions and Buildings, (Fifth Revision)
2) In diaphragm irregularity, storey displacement and
[8] IS 875 (Part 2): 1987 Indian Standard Code of
storey drift found to be less as compared to regular
Practice for Design Loads (Other Than
structures in both static and response spectrum method
Earthquake) for Buildings and Structures, Part 2
.
Imposed Loads. (Second Revision)
3) As seen from pushover curve, stiffness irregularity [9] Pankaj agarwal and Manish Shrikhande, Earthquake
shows nonlinear behavior at earlier stage as compared to resistant design of structures published by Asoke K.
all other structures. Therefore earthquake is more Ghosh, © 2006, PHI learning private limited, Delhi-
enhanced in stiffness irregularity structure. 110092
4) From time history analysis it was found that for 15 BIOGRAPHIES
storey stiffness irregularity shows least base force as
compared to all other structures Arvindreddy, final year
M.TECH(CAD-structures) student,
So in overall it can be concluded that structure built-in civil engineering department,
with stiffness irregularity will be on non conservative side SDM college of engineering and
and as seen from time history analysis, as storey increases technology Dharwad, Karnataka
behavior of stiffness irregularity and diaphragm Email:
[email protected]irregularity becomes reverse.
© 2015, IRJET ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal Page 47
